Triết học Phương Tây – một thành tố của nền văn học hiện đại Việt Nam

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TRIET HOC PHirONG TAY

MOT THANH TO CUA NEN

VAN HOC HIEN DAI VIET NAM

PGS. BUI D A N G D U Y *

Triet hpe phudng Tay da eo mat d nude ta hdn mot the ky.
<i>Theo Nietzsche trong moi nen van hoa c6 ba t h a n h to cct ban. </i>
Do la khoa hpe, triet hpe, niem tin ton giao.

<i>Khoi phai noi, khoa hpe til phUdng Tay vao nUde ta da lam </i>
cho nen van hoa Viet Nam bien doi to Idn den miic ngay nay;
su phat trien khoa hpe da trd t h a n h mot quoe sach hang d^u.
Ton giao tit phUdng Tay n h u Cong giao, Tin lanh du nhap
v^o Viet Nam va phat trien chua titng c6 d nUde ta. Ne'u xem
x6t mot thanh to chua dUde eac nha triet hpe Du(c cho la cd
<i>ban nhu vkn hpe nghe t h u a t thi ngUdi ta ciing thay dUdng </i>
nhu khong mot trang nao cua bat cii mot bp lieh su van hpe

<i>nko ma thieu dau an eua van hpe phUdng Tay. Ne'u di vao </i>

linh vue nghe thuat, ngUdi ta thay gan nhu khong eo mot
trUdng phai nghe t h u a t nao d phUdng Tay nhu chu nghia an
tUdng, chu nghia hinh tUdng, chu nghia sieu thue, ehu nghIa
Iftp the... lai khong c6 m a t cl nUde ta. Chiing mpe len khong

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<i>nhu cay nam doc sSc s3 mk nhU nhCtng doa hoa trong vudn </i>
van hoa Viet Nam hien dai nhieu hudng nhieu s^c.

Trong tinh hinh doi mdi do. triet hoc phUdng Tay d Vi^
<b>Nam van rdi vao quen lang trong qua khU, ho^c hi coi nhu </b>

vat thita v6 ich, tham chi nhu mot cai gi la xau xa. 1^ phan
dpng. Trong cuon Lude khao triet hpe phUdng Tay hien dai,
eac tac gia c6 doi ba trang viet ve triet hpe phUdng Tay hien
dai d Viet Nam nhung no van chi xuat hien dudi bp mat "ben
len" ehua dang hoang dude coi la mot thanh to cua nen vfin
hoa hien dai,

Vi vay, de tra lai cho triet hpe phudng Tay hien dai bp mM
dich thUe eiia n6 trong nen vSn hoa Viet Nam thi khong the
<i>diJng lai d viec thu thap eac di san do eon vUdng van khip ndi </i>
<i>ma phai thuc hien mot sU tien quyet la doi mdi tu duy, \k </i>
"mot tiep can" mdi doi vdi su hien dien eua triet hpe phUdng
Tay d Viet Nam.

Bai phat bieu nho ciia toi trong hoi thao n^y 1^ men theo
eon dUdng da lua chpn do ngo h^u tim lai nhQng gia tri chan
<i>thUc eua mot ddng triet hpe iix phUdng Tay xa xoi da dam </i>
choi nay Ipc d manh dat Viet Nam n^y ma c6 ngUdi vi nhu
<i>mot bao Idn nhin ra Thai Binh Dud»g de don nhkn lis bon </i>
phudng trdi mpi ngpn gio nhOng gia tri cua nen v^n minh.

Toi xin dua ra ba luan de sau day:

T r i e t h o c m a n g t i n h p h o q u a t ( u n i v e r s e l )

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n^o chi ra dUde mot trao luu triet hpe, mot nha triet hpe lam

<i>dky td cho chinh tri. Khi noi ve van de nay, ngUdi ta chi c6 </i>

the k§ ra trUdng hdp eua Gentile (1875-1944) nha triet hpe

cua chu nghia phat xft Hitler va Mussolini da tang hoc rang
do la "siic manh than thanh". Kh6 tim dUde mot nha triet hoc
thtl hai.

Teilhard de Chardin, nha triet hpe Phap khi dUa ra ly
lu^n ve tien hoa eua via tru tiit sinh quyen ehuyen sang tri
quyen (noosphere) phai chang da ehdm nd su pho quat cua
vSn hoa cua triet hpe.

Y tUdng ve tinh pho quat eua triet hpe khong phai do ai de
xUdng ma chinh la K.Marx khi ong noi r^ng, eac nha triet
hoc khong mpe ra tit dat nhU nhijtng cay nam, "hp la san
ph^m cua thdi dai cua hp, cua n h a n dan hp". Triet hpe Mac la
mot chiing minh ve tinh pho quat eua triet hpe, vi c6 thdi no
1^ chan ly eua hang ty con ngUdi.

<i>Se 1^ v6 ly neu ngUdi ta thtCa n h a n van hpe c6 tinh pho </i>
quat ma lai khong thay dieu do d triet hpe, trong khi triet hpe
dudc ke ra la n h a n to'ed ban trong mot nen van hoa.

<i>Td Nam phong eiia Pham Quynh lau nay thudng hi coi la </i>
tieng noi eiia tay sai de quo'c vi dUdng lo'i cai lUdng chii nghia
cua no ve chinh tri. Kho ai bien bach cho mot so' sai lam eiia
td bao nay trUdc dudng lo'i each mang cua Dang Cong san
Viet Nam. NhUng ve sU p h a t trien cua khoa hpe, triet hpe,
ngUdi ta kho be bo qua n h u n g dong gop quan trpng cua no.
<i>U n d^u tien d nude ta, td Nam Phong da gidi thieu nhieu </i>
trao luu triet hoc nhieu t h a n h tuu khoa hpe d phUdng Tay.

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xit noi len tren the gidi keo theo cupc dau tranh cho dan chu.

6 Phap, Mat tran nhan dan ra ddi, d nudc ta cung xuat hi^n
phong trao Dai hoi Dong Dudng dan tdi viec thanh lap M$t
<i>tran dan chu. Trong khung canh md cUa do, l^n d^u tien d </i>
nUdc ta mot loat tac pham nghien ciiu ve triet hpe phudng
Tay khong chi dirng d nhQng bai viet ngin, ma 1^ nhQng tac
ph^m hoan chinh ve tQng nha triet hpe phUdng Tay. til
Aristoteles, Descartes, Bacon, Kant den Freud, Bergson.
Nietzsche... Cong lao nay ciia nha xu£kt ban Tan Viet cin
dudc ghi lai trong lieh sU tU tUdng triet hpe cua nUdc ta.

<i>DUng ve mat ngon ngii hpe thi td Nam Phong vk eac tac </i>
ph^m triet hpe noi tren l^n d^u tien trong lieh sU ciia nUdc ta
da dua vlio ngon ngii Viet Nam mot v^n phong khoa hpe, mpt
van phong triet hpe mdi. De mot th^p ky sau, khi each mang
th^nh cong chiing ta dang hoang giang day khoa hpe v^ triet
hoc b^ng tieng me de ke ca d c^'p dai hpe (trong khi nhieu
nUdc von la thu(}c dia cua Phap van phai dung F*hap ngQ).
NhOng dong gop lieh su tren van con c6 the cAn b^n cai.
NhUng nhOng nh^ triet hpe dUdc coi 1^ tien bp thi tinh phd'
<i>quat ciia no dUde de dang tiep nhan, toi muon noi den cdc </i>

<i>nha Khai sang Phap. </i>

<i>Trong tac pham Di/cfng each menh ngay tir nhiing nkm 20 </i>
eiia the ky trUdc, Ho Chi Minh da noi den eac nha triet hoc
Phap nhu Voltaire, Rousseau, Montesquieu da "tuyen truyen
chu nghia tU do, binh dang" cua cupc each mang 1789 cua
Phap. Co the noi tu day khong c6 mot cupc van dong chinh
tri hay van hoa d nudc nao ma khong ton vinh eac nha triet
hpe Khai sang Phap.

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<i>triet hpe dxlOc chia deu tren hanh tinh nay d ndi triet hpe do </i>
<i>ra ddi va d ndi no diXng lai tren eon dUdng van dam ma no </i>
giao luu. Tinh pho quat cua triet hpe khong t r a n h khoi tao
nen mot dp venh nao do. Cung nhu d chau luc khae, d Viet
Nam, chiing ta cung khong "diing" dUde triet hpe phudng
Tay, khong it ngUdi cho la kho hieu, rac roi, khong thieh hdp,
<i>tham chi la "duy tam t h a n bi". Xin dUa ra mot vi du, Ti/ lite </i>

<i>van dodn neu ton chi la "tU do ca nhan". Nguyen Van Trung </i>

<i>cho rkng do la dau hieu eiia mot nen van hpe "y thiie ve </i>
minh" (conscience en soi), coi moi eon ngUdi nhu mot nhan vi
(personne). Day 1^ mot chu nghia ca nhan ma nhieu trao luu
triet hpe deu khdi nguon tit do. Chii nghia ca nhan khong
phai do mot nha triet hpe nao cuong dai bia tac ra. No la san
<i>ph^'m ciia lieh sit de trd t h a n h mot gia tri tinh than eao nhat </i>
trong xa hoi phUdng Tay. No cho rang chi can dUa vao chinh
minh la c6 the dat tdi mue tieu da dinh. NgUdi ta cho do la
mot "credo" (tin dieu) eua con ngUdi d xa hoi phUdng Tay.
Chinh Mac da ehi ra nguon goe cua chu nghia ca nhan do.
Trong cupc dau t r a n h chong phong kien, giai cap tU san ra
ddi c^n giai phong ca n h a n de tu do h a n h dpng trong viec xac
lap sd hijtu t u nhan. Chi trong thdi dai, trong do, nhOng quan
he xa hoi mdi do ra ddi, thi mdi c6 chu nghia ea nhan. Con
trong eac xa hoi trUdc do, ngUdi ta song trong mot epng dong
ve ciia cai g^n vdi bp lac, bp toe thi khong eo cho cho ca nhan
ton tai.

Chu nghia ea n h a n cua nen van minh phUdng Tay dUdc

<i>Tu lUc van dodn lam loe len, no tiep tuc dUde dUa vao van </i>

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d i dang. Den Nhat Ban la mot nUdc phat trien g^n gui vdi
phUdng Tay ciing chi noi rang, can phai coi trpng chu nghia
ca nhan. nhUng dat nUdc Mat trdi mpe nay chi nen c6 "chu
<i>nghia ca nhan mem" (c6 nghia la khong the "r^n", triet dk </i>
nhu phUdng Tay). 6 nudc ta so phan cua Chu nghia ca nhan
phUdng Tay con kho khan hdn nhieu. Cho den nay khong
hiem trUdng hdp chiing ta bat gap tren bao chi nhiing Idi phe
phan rang do la mot chu nghia ea nhan, mot thu tu do cue
doan. v6 chinh phu, tham chi ha no xuong hang la mot th6i
ich ky hen ha.

Nhiing dieu noi tren ciing tam du cho chung ta thfty rftng
tinh pho quat ciia,triet hpe tU no khong lam cho eac dan tpc
de dang chap nhan nhU mot chan ly pho bien. Su khac bi^t
nhau van con ro rang. Day khong chi la su khac biet do
nhiJtng nen v^n hoa khu vUe tao nen, ma la su khac bi^t v^
<i>trinh dp ciia nen \kn minh. Cae nude phUdng Tay hien nay di </i>
trUdc chiing ta den mot the ky: mot dAng Viet Nam nSm 2020
mdi ve cd ban trd thanh mot nudc cong nghiep hien dai, con
mot d^ng eac nude phUdng Tay da bude v^o xa hoi h^u cong
<i>nghiep, xa hoi thong tin tix thap ky 50 eua the ky trUdc. Bdi </i>
v^y de lam chu dUde su hieu biet cua minh ve mot nen vAn
minh each kha xa nen van minh hien tai cua chiing ta, trong
<i>do CO su hieu biet ve triet hpe, thi khong phai b^t eac nhk </i>
khoa hpe noi nhu ta ma phai tU nang eao minh len ngang
tam thude vdi hp de cung doi thoai.

<i>Nha xa hoi hpe Phan Thi Dac trong cuon Situation de la </i>

<i>personne au Vietnam (Hoan canh cua con ngUdi d Viet Nam) </i>

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nha't dinh. Do la mot tUdng lai xa xoi, khi do "hp se phai c6
nhiJtng dieu kien song n h u nhau, nhutng thiet ehe nhU nhau

<i>vk se phai chia se mot logic n h u nhau vdi ngUdi anh em </i>

<i>phUdng Tay", tinh pho quat eiia triet hoc liie do se c6 dieu </i>
kien dUde thuc hien trpn ven.

<b>2. Triet h o c m a n g t i n h da d a n g , lam giau v a n hoa </b>
<b>Niia d^u the ky XX, khoa hpe phUdng Tay tham nhap </b>
nude ta lam thay doi to Idn nen van hoa ciia Viet Nam va tao
nen mot nen triet hpe mdi chUa tifng eo trong lieh sii.

Chii nghia cong nghiep (khai niem ciia Saint Simon) doi
hoi phai e6 mot khoa hpe ciia nen van minh, coi do la t h an h
tuu can thiet, ed ban dam bao cho sU phat trien Uu tien eua
tri thiic khoa hpe dUa lai nhiing kha nang to Idn eiia sU xuat
hien nhiing cupe each mang kl thuat, nhiing cd hoi de khoa
hoc trd thanh lUc lUdng san xuat true tiep va mot lUc lUdng
xa hoi ehi phoi nhieu qua trinh xa hoi. Tinh nang dpng lieh
sii ciia eac chtie nang noi tren ciia khoa hpe d phUdng Tay da
qua ro rang, bdi v> no chi eo the phat buy day dii trong mot
xa hoi CO nen khoa hpe p h a t trien. Con trong eac xa hoi
truyen thong, ehiie n a n g do it dUdc hoan thien, bdi vi van hoa
d day chUa tao ra dudc day dii nhiing tien de khoa hpe dat tdi
mot quy ehe khai niem tUdng doi doe lap de den lUdt minh

khoa hpe lai keo theo chiie nang khai niem ciia triet hpe.

Khoa hpe vao nUde ta niia dau the ky XX da lam cho Viet
Nam bat dau thoat khoi xa hoi truyen thong va gia nhap vao
cong dong eac nUdc tien tien hien dai.

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su gap gd giiia khoa hpe va v^n hoa trong do triet hoc l^ yeu
to cd ban.

Khoa hpe xuift hien l^n d^u tien d nUde ta khong phai chi
la mot hien tUdng khach quan vdi tU each la nhan thiic
nhiing quy luat vat chat pho bien. ma con tim thA'y sU ton tai
<i>ciia n6 d ncti con ngUcfi vdi tu each la mot sinh vat c6 tU duy </i>
thupe mot cong dong nhat dinh. Chu the tU duy da nhan thiic
va phat hien, da llnh hoi va xii ly khoa hpe do mot each dpc
dao. Day chinh la tam diem lap lanh phat thanh anh sang
van hoa.

Tri thiic CO tinh khach quan con vSn hoa c6 tinh chii quan.
Nhin theo chieu canh do, van hoa trd thanh m^t chii quan
ciia tri thiic hay la nhiing phudng tien, nhiing each thiic hoat
dpng ciia con ngUdi de chinh phue tU nhien. Mat chii quan d6
<i>lam cho vkn hoa trd nen giau c6, da dang nhieu m^u sic nhU </i>
<i>mot kinh van hoa nhU't \k khi n6 ton tai dudi bp ao he tU </i>
tUdng trong do c6 nhiing phUdng tien Idi hai nhu triet hoc.
dao diie ke ca ton giao. Lieh sii nudc ta tir trUdc tdi nay (tdi
niia dau the ky XX) chUa bao gid phat trien phong phu nhU
thdi ky nay: nhQng he tU tUdng ciia cupc van dpng vSn hoa
mdi thap len nhiing anh sang triet hpe mdi tuy d tinh trang
nhen nhiim, nhUng ngoan mue biet bao.

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Phan tam hpe khong ehi diTng lai d tU each mot khoa hpe
nhu y nghia ban d§u cua chinh ngUdi sang lap ra no ma ciing

<i>nkm thang no trd t h a n h mot trao luu triet hpe mang ten chu </i>
<i>nghia Freud. Triet hpe do lam nen t a n g cho nhieu trao luu </i>

triet hpe khac dUde van dung vao nhieu llnh vue khac dUde
goi la phan tam hpe ting dung (nhu van hpe, nghe thuat,
nhan hpe, xa hoi h p e . )

Trong niia dau the ky XX, ngUdi dUa phan tam hpe vao
nUde ta la nha nghien ciiu van hpe TrUdng Tiiu. Ong ling
dung phan tam hpe vao viec nghien ciiu van hpe. NgUdi tiep
noi ong c6 le eo the ke la Thanh Tam Tuyen.

Ke tif khi p h a n tam hpe, mon khoa hpe Idn eiia thdi dai
vao nude ta, no khong nhiing chi bi viit vao bong toi ma eon
<i>ganh chiu bao don phe phan gay git de den ngay nay, sau </i>
Doi mdi no mdi gianh lai dUde dia vi xiing dang ciia no. Toi
chi ke tdi nhiing tac pham nghien ciiu ve Freud da dang
<i>hoang ra mat ban dpc d nude ta n h u Freud vd phan tam hpe </i>
<i>cua Pham Minh Lang; Phan tam hpe vd van hpe nghe thuat cua </i>
<i>Do Lai Thuy. DiXCng nhien con nhieu dieu e^n ban cai trong </i>
nhiing cong trinh nghien eiiu noi tren ciing nhu su xuat hien
day do phan tam hpe tren nhieu sach bao trong nhieu nganh

<i>0 nudc ta n h u trong y hpe, tam ly hpe. Nhung dii sao day </i>

cQng la dau hieu tot noi len sU t r a nd song phang ve gia tri

cupc each mang Freud da lam rung ehuyen khoa hpe triet hpe
ciia the ky va ciing lam cho van hoa Viet Nam d dau the ky
XX CO mot mau s^c chUa tirng c6 trong lieh sU nude nha.

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la nha triet hpe phi duy ly Idn nh^'t dudng thdi. Triet hoc ciia
ong CO mat d nude ta ngay tit nua d^u the ky XX. Ngay nay
mot the ky da troi qua nhung d phUdng Tay, ke ea d Phap,
triet hpe cua Nietzsche van tiep tuc sUc song cua no. Co the
<i>ke ra nha triet hpe Phap nhU Gilles Deleuze (1925-) \k mpt </i>
trong nhiing nha triet hpe hien dai Phap nhiet tinh vdi trift
hpe Nietzsche. NhU vay, sU xuat hien cua Nietzsche d Vi^t
<i>Nam vdi tac phslm Triet hpe cua Nietzsche eiia Nguyen Dinh </i>
Thi dau the ky XX cho den nay van la cuon sach viet v^
Nietzsche hay nhat va diing nhat. Sau khi Nguyen Dinh Thi
<i>ra di, tren Tap chi Triet hoc (so 4 thang 4 nam 2003), Nguyin </i>
Tien Diing da c6 mot bai gidi thieu trang trpng ve tac ph^'m
khong bao gid quen ciia Nguyen Dinh Thi. Dang luu y 1^ tac
gia tre tuoi va tai hoa nay da c6 mot du doan ve triet hoc
Nietzsche gan lien vdi vi§n canh nen vSn hpe nude ta. Ong
viet: "G^n day trong van chUdng Viet Nam ta cung th^'y bong
mot vai tu tUdng eiia Nietzsche, da eo ngUdi muon tim d
Nietzsche mot phUdng phap tU nang eao minh, mpt ly tUdng
<i>lam ngUdi, tU tUdng ciia Nietzsche da kn sau v^o vfin chUdng </i>
<i>Viet Nam den dau ta chUa biet trUdc dudc, nhung ta c6 thi </i>
chae la Nietzsche se con lam n^y trong nUde ta nhieu tac
ph^m niia, vi dpc Nietzsche ta thay lac vao trong mot the gidi
tran d^y anh sang, tran d^y md mpng nhung thd mpng vila
Cling coi Vila em dem".

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cudc song tam linh cua con ngudi. Tir ngay Doi mdi, it nhat

dS CO 2 lu£ln an eao hpe nghien ciiu ve Nietzsche. Ro rang tU
trao ve chii nghia Freud, ve triet hpe Nietzsche da lam cho
biic tranh van hoa d nUdc ta eo mpt bp mat vdi nhiing mau
sSc mdi ehUa titng c6. Ben canh sU dam da von c6 eiia tinh
dan toe, no eon chan ehiia tinh hien dai cua van hoa, van hpe
the gidi ngay nay.

3. Ciing c h u n g s o n g , c i i n g p h a t t r i e n

Trong lieh sii Viet Nam nhieu trao lUu triet hpe nude
ngoai da du n h a p vao nude ta. Trong thdi ky Trung dai, dang
chu y la Phat giao, Nho hpe, Lao hpe. Thdi nha Ly, Phat giao
da trd t h a n h g^n nhU quo'c giao. De phat trien dSi't nUde, Nho
giao, Lao giao cung trd t h a n h gan nhu triet hpe nha nude
-noi chung eac trao lUu do ciing ton tai trong the hdp tac va
dfl'u tranh. De khai thae nhiitng trao luu triet hpe nh^m phue
vu cho viec xay dung dat nudc va cho ca cong cupc chong xam
lUdc, cha ong chiing ta da dUa ra mpt Idi giai cho mpt bai
toan kho ve su thong n h a t tinh than, tit do rut ra dUdc nhiing
Idi the phue vu cho sU cUdng thinh ciia quoe gia. Toi muon
noi tdi ly thuyet "Tam giao dong nguyen, tam giao dong ton".
Co the ndi r^ng no da lam t h a n h mot siic manh de xay dUng
nen van minh Dai Viet. Day la mpt kinh nghiem ve mot di
san quy gia ciia nen van hoa chiing ta.

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hien. Day la mpt cupc tranh luan ve triet hoc ve nghe thudt
hiem hoi d nUde ta cho nen rsit dang luu y. Ket qua 1^ cupc
tranh luan do da lam giau cho nhau chii khong he don nhau
vao cho thAt bai. la danh mot don chet tUdi. bdi vi sau cupc
<i>tranh luan do, chu nghia duy vat, ly luan ve nghe thuat vi </i>

nhan sinh cang tiep tuc phat trien manh me va ket tinh d D^
CUdng van hoa, nhat la khi no trd thanh nen tang cho mpt h^
tu tUdng ciia mpt chinh dang Idn.

Con chii nghia duy tam, ly lu£in ve nghe thui)t vi ngh^
thu^t ciing phat trien khong kem ram rp trong sang tac vfln
hpe nghe thuat, trong phe binh va nghien eifu. Dang chii y su
<i>xuat hien ciia Xudn thu nha tap. Nhom van hoc nghe thuAt </i>
nay muon "chung ket vdi nhau" muon "tu" lai nhiing "n^t dep
rieng" cua v^n hoa phUdng Dong va nhiing "tan ky" ciia nhiitng
"he tu tUdng" ciia phUdng Tay, ciia "nam chau bon bien". H?
<i>tu tUdng d day muon ehi vkn hpe he tu tudng (littelature </i>
ideologique) "van hpe triet hpe" (litelature philosophique) cua
eac trUdng phai nhU chii nghia tUdng trung, chii nghia An
tUdng. ehii nghia sieu thUe va ca y tUdng sd khai v^
hermeneutique (chii giai hpe). Co the noi r^ng, Xuan thu nha
tap da ciing eo kha manh mpt chile n^ng ed ban ma ngay nay
<i>chiing ta gpi la ehUc nang th^m ml cixafivkn hpe. No ciing bao </i>
trUdc su nd rp ciia eac trUdng phai nghe thu^t phUdng Tay
trong nen nghe thuat hien nay ciia chiing ta.

Noi ve sU tich hdp, sU dong ton van hoa "Dong" v^ vdn hoa
"Tay" CO phai da sa vao bay ciia chu nghia chiet trung, cua
cai gpi la Au h6a, Mi hoa chang?

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thimh "mpt hinh thiic to chiic tri tue chung" nh^m vay mUdn
ciia n h a n g he thong nhOng luan de de tao thanh mpt he
<i>thong duy nhat. Cach di tim chan ly theo kieu "bat nhao" do </i>
xa la vdi t u duy hien dai eua chiing ta.

"Au hoa", "Ml hoa" 1^ kinh nghiem ciia mot thdi da di
khong trd lai nfla roi. Ng^y nay cae dan toe da trUdng thanh
va chdi vdi nhau tren mpt san chdi chung ciia xu hudng hoi
nhap quo'c te, toan cau hoa da bo lai vinh viln thoi lay van
hoa, lo'i so'ng eiia mpt nudc, mpt chau luc manh de de nen, ap
biic hong thay the nhiing nen van minh khae ciing rue rd
khong kem bat cii nen van minh nao.

Toi xin n h a n h chong ket thiie bai viet nho nay ciia toi ve
xu hudng cung chung song de cung phat trien giiia cae tr^o
lUu tu tUdng d nude ta trong do c6 triet hpe phUdng Tay bang
cau noi ciia Ho Chi Minh ma ai trong chiing ta ciing deu biet.
NgUdi viet: "Hpe thuyet ciia Khong tii eo uu diem la sU tu
dudng dao diic ca nhan. Ton giao ciia Giesu c6 uu diem la
long bac ai. Chii nghia eiia Ton Dat Tien c6 Uu diem la chinh
sach ciia n6 thich hdp vdi dieu kien ciia nude chiing toi.
Khong tii, Giesu, C.Mac, Ton Dat Tien e h i n g eo nhiing uu
diem chung do sao? Hp deu muon mUu eau hanh phiie cho
loai ngUdi, mUu phiic Idi cho xa hoi. Neu hp eon song tren ddi
nay la hpp lai mpt eh6, toi tin r^ng n h a t dinh hp se chung
song vdi nhau r a t hoan my n h u nhiing ngUdi ban than thiet.
Toi eo'ging lam hpe trd nho ciia cae vi ay"

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"mUu c^u hanh phiie cho loai ngUdi, mUu phiie Ipi cho xa
hoi".

Trong chinh sach doi noi chiing ta. doan ket toan dan lam
dpng luc ciia phat tri§n. Trong chinh sach doi ngoai trudc het
doi vdi ASEAN chiing ta chu trUdng thong nhat trong da
dang. Trong chinh sach van hoa chiing ta coi cae triet hpe c6

mat d nude ta, noi nhU ong cha ta, la "dong nguyen" cho nen
la "dong ton", ndi nhU Ho Chi Minh la "chung song vdi nhau
rat hoan my".

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