Tài liệu thiết kế biện pháp kỹ thuật thi công lắp ghép nhà công nghiệp 1 tầng

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Lor NoroAu
Corrg nghe -ruy tlryltg tlteo phrftng phtip lrip ,qltepld ntot trortg nhltng cOng
rtglte cltfi yefu,hiert dui tt'ortg-\Aytl4tugtlurt clryngr', cdng nghi€p, ddc bi€t trortg
rilrt) t'6ng rtghiep ntot tirrg. N6 tuo di|'u ki€rt cho r'6ttg nghiep h6u hi€n dui h6a
rte()nhsdn nui't.vuy tl4nrg,diiy rthunlr tieit cl6 thi t'6rtg, ttitts nting suA'tluo cl6ng
vti ,qitim luo d)rtg t,ti'tt,ti cho cotrg nltun.
De gifip t'lro t'tirt bO kt thuit .t'tiytl4ntgtf rth totirt c'hfnh.rtit' r'tit' thong s6'ltu
t'ltortplrto'trg drt khti tlti,ltqp ly, cltilng tdi bi€n soun cuo'rt"Thi07 kA'bierrphtip
kl tlruut thi t'ong lup gtrep rrlrt)t'ortg nghi€p nfit tdrrg" ltlnt ttii tiett htortg din
ttltlnrg didm co btirt nhu't nu) ngtdi k! thuAt phdi t'dn.
Trong sdclt clrfirrgtoi t'uttg (ung t'tfttnr)t s6'tdi li€u tt'u cftu rtht(so'tuy, gitip
!tb'i dot' t'6 fid sft dryrtgcld tlri€t ke'nrbt d6 dn ttdng tt.t.Stit'h citrtg tltitrg cle'ltint
'.,' lieu
hoc tup cho sirrhvi|rt t'tit'ttgdr*,rdy dtng t'6rtg tt'inltt,d nhlffig ui qtrurt
' ,,,t cl€it
t'orrg t,i€t'.ruy tlmrg.
Tltunr giu bi€rr soun tdi li€u rfiy gdm r'6: TS. Nguy[n Dinh Thtim t'hti tt'i t,d
- . ' P l r t i r Ir, K S . T u T h u n h B i r t ht , i A 7P h c i nI L
Do t'6n lt kinh nghiAnt vt) ldn diiu ra nrcit hun doc'nAn t'htit't'6n rt?'tnhi6n
."i klttry€7.Nhn?g l//'c6ng t;i€c,t'hilng toi c{.rntunhtlun vi€7ru mong bun doc
. .',/ r'//i ldng bd cluu vt) g6p i dd ltin trii htin phut'rtr! bun dot'dtdc t6't hon.
- toi ,rirt clttin thdnh c'cimdn st hqt tdt' qui hdu d6 cila t'rit,bun.

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PHAN 1- LY THUYET

THIfT K6 PHUONGAx THI COXCLAP GHEP
NHA COXCNGHIEP1 TANG

: PHAN
ricu DAcordu cOxc rnixn
De c6 thd chon phuong 6n hop ly, ngudi thidt kd phii hidu sAu sdc d[c didm cOng
::.rii. Khi tim hidu c6ng trinh, cdn di sAuvho c6c chi tidt sau:
- Kfch thudc mat bang bidu hiOn bang sd nhip, so budc, k(ch thudc cia cdc nhip L,
- -.i btrdc cot B (ndu L< 15m lh nhd loai nh6, cdn L > 15m lh nhd khdu do lon) vd ndn
r.:" \eu hay ch6c,dd tU d6 dinh hucrngchon loai cdn truc bdnh xfch hay b6nh hoi.
- Giai ph6p rnf,t b6ng, so khe bien d?ng, ciich bd tri nhip d?ng song song hay vudng
.. : tao thhnh hinh chfr L hay chfr T lhm co s&chon phin doan thi cdng.
- Chi0u cao cfia cOngtrinh lay til cot 0.00 (m4t ndn) ddn ddu cdt, vai c6t, dinh gihn,
j : n6c dd dinh hu6ng chon cdn truc. Loai cao tr0n 10m, thap du6i 10m.
- D4c didm cdu kiOn ld be rong cot th6p hay th6p. Chi tidt liOn kdt mdi ndi bu l6ng
:.: hay moi ndi udt (yeu to quyet dinh ddn cdng nghe thi c6ng). C6c th6ng sd vd cdu

L -:. hinh ddng,kich thudc, trong lugng dac biOtchf f ddn cau kiOnkh6 l6p (n4ng,cao,
t

4

:

\loi liOnquan gifra lap gh6p thiet bi c6ng nghg ctradAy chuydn sin xuat vdi l5p gh6p
FT.: r o c0ng trinh. Thf tu trudc, sau hay kdt hqp. Ndu cdn thi phii c6 h6i nghi bdn
pr -'ng 6n thi c6ng gifra don vi xay dung ve bon l5p m6y dd c6 su phdi hqp nhip nhing.
- Fhin tfch didu kiOn thi c6ng gdm dlc didm: mit bang thi cOngc6 gi bi han chd, ldi
u,.u-khong gian, ndn dat (ydu hay chSc)duong xe vAn chuydn mdy m6c, cau ki0n.
l,: ca su phAn t(ch dac didm c6ng trinh duoc thd hien trOn bin vE so d6 lip gh6p
cr.i tdnh (g6- mQt mit bdng vA cdc mit cit). Trong d6 thd hiOn rd c\c k;i hi6u cau
h..:'- ,.i trf l6p cua n6 trong c6ng trinh.


rtrarcAr sOod lAp cHEpcOrc rnixn

I iu rtpx

Ir.THoNcrE cAu rrpx

viec thong k0 cau ki€n nhdm tdng hcrpkhor ,u.-r:.ons'i€c. girip ngud'ithiet I
hinh dung duoc tinh phric t?p cria cdng trinh re nr:. j.r:r luorre.Thongke dua ydo bj

vE so d'dl5p gh6p sOkhOngbo s6t nhat ld voi nhieu :au kien giong nhau v€ hinh diir
songc6 nhidu chi tiet kh6c bi€t nhin thay vd khong nh)n rhar.
6

Cau ki0n thdng k0 duoc ghi vho bang 1.1 gdm c6 cdc c6t chfnh sau:

Bfrng1.1
Hinh d:ing
kich thu6c

Cot 1: Thri tu cau kiOnnOnghi theo tr)nh tu l6p gh6p c6c cau kiOn Cot 2: Ghi ten cau kiOn thudrrggoi khu theo mA hiOu trong hd so thidt kd (KT, KC,
lCr Vi du cot bien C,, c6t biOng6c C,,,,cQt gilra C,, c6t giira hdng hi0n Crn,c6t gilra
:.:.3nhiOtC2i,,...);xem hinh 1.1.
Cot 3: VE hinh d6ng ciia cau kiOn dd de nhAn d+ng tr6n
j -' ghi ba kich thudc l.p,b"r, h"r l
. - chidu dhi cau ki0n vu6ng g6c tay cdn truc;
r-.i - chidu dhy cau kiOntrong mat phing ddng chrlatay cdn;
:r,. - chidu cao cdu ki0n theo phucrngthing doi.
D0 phAn biet /, b, h, ta cdn cr,ivho trang th6i cdu ki€n
i ,--,Scziul6p, lay kfch thudc ldn nhat.
Cot 4 - Don vi tfnh li c6i, chidc(sd ddm).
,lot 5 - Sd lugng tinh theo so dem cira tirng rnd hiOu cau kiOn.
,lot 6 - Trong lugng lay theo Catal6don vi lh tan, lay chinh x6c saudau phdy m6t sd.
l,rt 7 - Tich cfra c6t 5 vdi c6t 6.
l,rt 8 - Ghi chri nhlrng dAc didm ctra cau ki€n nhu: c6 quai cdu hay kh6ng c6 quai?
i :l\i chot cdu?gia cudng cau kiOnkhuechdai ? ...
_HON THIET BI TREO BUOC
- ::r cft vlo h)nh ddng cau ki6n vh dung cu sdn c6 ta chon ciic thidt bi treo bu6c thfch
chon dudng kinh dAy c6p, kich thudc thidt bi, chidu

kd
rin
ing

: .. ::'. CAU.

e Treo buOccOt
l-.:t bi treo bu6c cOtc6 thd chon c6c loai sau:


a)

b)

c)

'Thi€t
bi rreo huot'
Hinh 1.2:
Thanh
th6pchffU; 4.Dai ma s6t.
cAp;3.
2.
Day
l. Ddn treo;

+ DAy cdu k6p buOctheo cdch br"roctrbng (hinh l.2a) ndu c6t nho Q < 500kg. Kh6ng
c6 vai hay 16chi chdt thi c6ng;
+ DAy cdu hai nh6nh c6 vdnh khuyOndDngv6i c6t c6 16cdi chot thi c6ng c6 thOdilng
chot kho6 b6n tu dQng(hinh l.2b);
+ Dai kep ma sdt khi c6t c6 vai (hinh l.2c).
Luc cing trong dAy c6p tinh theo c6ng thfrc:
S _

m.KQ.r.
n cos0"

Trong d6:
K: h0 sd an tohn, lay k = 5 + 6
m: h€ sd kd den sfc cdng day khOngddng ddu. Ldy:
m - 1,0 dAy chd tao tai nhh mdy chuy6ndirng;
m = 1,2 ddy chd tao tai xu&ng gia c6ng.
n: so nhdnh diy treo vAt (n - 2);
0': g6c gifra soi cdp vh dAy doi (ct = 0);
Til S tra bing (xem phu luc 1) chon D day cdp.

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b) Treo buOc ddm cdu chay
Yi kh0ng c6 quai cdu, nOn ddm cdu ch?y thudng duoc treo bdng hai dAr cau kJp ;.'
r.:od bdn tu dQng & hai ddu c6ch ddu mrit khoing 0,1L, sau d6 dirng cdu hai moc de
jng lOn, nhdnh cdp cira dAy cdu phii tao v6i duong n6m ngang mQt g6c a > J5' de
rdnh luc doc phdt sinh lon (hinh 1.3).
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Hinh 1.3:Treobubc'cliimt'dutrryt'
1.Th6pdQm;2.Daycdu;3. Kh6a;4. dng ludncr{p.
Luc cdng day c6p tinh theo c6ng thrfc.

t'\ :ong

KQ

ffi

= chondAyc6ptheobAng1 (phUlgc).

c) Treo bu0c dhn
:ung

Tuj' theo kfch thudc vh trong lugng cua dhn ta c6 thd ding ddn treo d?ng xi (hinh
l.-tra)
hay ddntreod?trgdln (hinh 1.4b).Som6c cduc5 thdle 2hodc4.

Hinh 1.4: Thi€t bi treo budc'ddn ntdi

Luc cf,ng trong dAy crip tfnh theo c6ng thric:
Sl =

KQ
2sino

S,, =

KQ

c)

4 sin s.

G6c cr phAi chon sao cho h,ocira dbn treo khdng lcrnqu6 lirm tang chidu ddi tay cdn,
nhung cfrng khong nh6 qud l)m luc n6n phdt sinh gAy mat dn dinh cira cau kiOn cfrng
nhu xh ddn. Til cdch treo budc ta quydt dinh phuong 6n gia cuhng cau ki0n (xem s6ch
K! thuAtxay dqng tqp2 - COngt6clap gh6p vh xAy gach ddt.

-:

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-;,

-.1i_

, : - .[

d) Treo buOc Panel sin, m6i

Khi treo bu6c panen shn, m6i thi tu! theo kich thudc cua cau ki€n ta c6 thd chon
chilm dAy cdu 4,6 hodc 8 m6c (hinh 1.5).

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\c

b)

Tr

H i nh l .5.Treo budc panen mdi

Chidu dhi cira dAy c6p chon sao cho g6c nghiOngo so v6i m6t bang ldn hon 45"
(cr ) 45'). Dd luc cdng trong cdc ddy c6p b[ng nhau thi chim dAy cdu phii c6 co cdu tu
cAnbdng theo nguyOnt6c ttng ddi mOt. LUc cing duoc tfnh theo cOngthric:
S _

10

KQ
m.n srnc[


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Trong d6: C6'cdai lucrnSldy nhu dd trinh bdy o tren, song cdn chri y khi tinh luc cdng
,ua l6p dOynho thi lay sdnhiinh day n tuong fng v6i mit c6t ldp day d6.
e) Treo bu0c tdm tudng cfra sd

:an,
,ng
ich

Cau kien tudng thudng c6 2 quai cdu (rat hidm khi gap c5 sd quai cdu nhidu hon) n6n
:-rthudng ding dAy cdu hai m6c tuctngfrng vdi sd quai cdu cria cau ki6n. L\rc cang dAy
-in tfnh theo cdns thric:
S -

19n

KQ
2 sin cr

O day chon cr = 400+ 50o.
Neu dAy cdu c6 sa-nta dtrngc6ng thfic:
S_

mkQ

,Ff,

Trong d6:
ffi, k, Q nhu dd trinh bhy & tron;
L - khoAngcdch gifra hai quaicdu;
/ - chiOuddi.

-15"
jtu
Hinh 1.6: Treo bu6c tdnt tudng

Saukhi chon cdc thi€t bi treo budc ta c6 thd bidt duoc rrong lugng crta cdcth^dt bi d6
:_ r. Ndu kh6ng bidt chinh xdc tac6 thd udc lugnrgg,uS 0,1 e"o.

l1


cACrsONc sd cAu r-AP
rv.xAc Dr-NH
tacdn x6c dinh c6c thong sd tdi thidu
Dd c6 co s& chon cdn truc mQt c6chchinh x6c
ta cdn goi ld th6ng sd yOu cdu R'"' Qv"'
cdn truc phai d6p tmg, R.in, Q.in, H.in, L*,n hay
Hu.,Ly..
Trong d6:
thidu cdn truc phii nang duoc;
Qr. = Q.r.* g,ulh stlc nang toi
hinh hinh l'7);
Hr. = Hn,. * h.6p= H' + a + h'k * htn* h'un(xem
mdy dfngt
H,_-chidu cao vi trf l6p cau kiOntinh til mdt ibang
a = 0,5 + lm;
a - chidu cao nAngb6ng cdu kiOn trOnvi trf l6p

:

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-;---11
a-

i;O

\-:

Tro

h.* - chidu cao cfia cdu kiOn;
h,n- chidu cao thidt bi treo bu6c;

cdu tdi PulYddu cdn h"np2 1,5 m;
h.6n- chidu ,Cdi dAy cdp cdn truc tinh til m6c
- \

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rf)r

::nhth

tl

Trc

Hinh 1.7: T hbngs6'IdPghdP

r2


- i;inr vdi ngan nhat cdn truc c6 thd tidp cAnvi tri l6p. Rr. phu thu6c vdo mat bang
-* -r.-p rvAt cdn khong cho cdn truc ddn gdn vi tri l6p nhu dong ddt,c6ng trinh, ao hd.

r-.,r\.\'....vd g6c nAngcdn tdi da (cr*o*-75\ hodcvi trf tdi uu ctratay cAn.
I

r3u
I

- \:u khong phu thu6c vAt can (khong didm ch4m) thi Ry. x6c dinh nhu sau(hinh 1.7):
R Y. L. ^ -

H
^ ^^c h

+ R L^ + e + b

tg75o

T:rned6:
h , - =I + 1 , 5 m ;
R . = 1,5 + 2m vjr cdn truc tu h)nh.

\eu khi l6p tay cdn xuat hi0n didm cham (xem s6ch K! thuAt xAy dUne - T4p 2) thi
: I theo cOngthrlc sau:
I- m i n
* R"
R r,. =
'
cos ct tw

n

K 'u . =

hoac

H ch
*R. +e+b
t8Otru

Trong d6:
e - khoing c6ch an tohn cho cdn lay e = 0,5 + 1;
b - khoing cdch n6m ngang tir m6c cdu ddn didm cham;
H.r, - chidu cao didm cham tay cdn, tfnh til didm cham ddn khcrp tay cdn theo
phuong dring;
o,," - g6c tay cdn tdi uu rfng vdi tay cdn ngan nhdt c6 thd l6p cau kiOn;
0,* = arctg

Tinh theo c6ng thric:

H.tt

b+e

(dilng m6 chfnh);

I H^u
(dtrngm6 phu);
0t* = arctg t/;-*
1v l b +l e - / j^
Ly., L*in tay cdn ng6n nhdt c6 thd l6p duoc cdn kiOn;
r

Lmin

-

Httr

-

sln c[rw

,

-T-

b+c
cos ct,rw

13


d+

Trong d6:
b - nhu tren;

\yc
l\

t

/p= 3 + 5m chidu ddi cdn phu, tuj' thu6c loai cdn truc.
Tat ca c6c thong sd Rr., Qr", Hr", L-in, cria cdc cau kiOn duoc xdc dinh vd ghi vdo
bang chon cdn truc 1.2, cdt tir I ddn 7.

TT

2

3

Th6ng sd yOucdu

Qr.

Rr.

Hr.

L*i,',

4

5

6

1

I

s

SOC

Bhng I.2
Cau
Sd
ki€n
lugng
md hiOu

l

TOn cdn
truc
chon
8

Th6ng so cdn truc
Q",

R.t

H.t

L-in

9

l0

1l

t2

Ghi
chu

mfr
lap
d6

(
l3

taq
r'6i
cau
truc

V. CHON CAN TRUC
\/I.
Sau khi x6c dinh duoc c6c th6ng sd yOu cdu ta tien hdnh chon cdn truc lhm c6ng t*c
16pgh6p vh phuc vu. Chon cdn truc dua trOnnhlrng nguyOnt6c sau:
- Cdcthong so yOucdu phii nh6 hornthdng so cria cdn truc.
- Nhfrng cdn truc du-o.
c chon c6 khi ndng tiep nhAn dO ding (noi cdp,hinh thirc tidp
nhAn,thdi gian van chuydn ...) vd hoat dQngduoc trOnmit bang thi c6ng.
- Cdn rruc c6 gi6 chi phf thap nhdt tfc td cdn truc c6 th6ng sd s6t vdi tiiong so yOu

cdu nhat (cdc rfnh nf,ng ctra cdn truc duoc thd hien qua bidu d6 tfnh ndng vd cdc thdng
so cdn thidt (catal6).
Nghia l):
L., ) L*,n
Qr. S Q.,, Ry" < R(Qr.)cdnrruc
Hy" < H-.

i

omin ( 0., (

0-u* =7 5"

Sau khi chon duoc cdn truc ta ghi c6c sd liOu cua cdn truc bd sung vho Bin g 1.2: c6t"
8 ghi t6n m6y; cqt 9 - srlc nang cfra cdn truc; l0 - tdm vdi cria cdn truc; 11 chidu cao
nAngm6c; 12 - chidu dii tay cdn; 13 - nhfrngghi chri cdn thidt.
Ta lu6n nhd cdc dai luong Q.,; R",i H.. cira cdn truc lu6n phu thudc 16nnhau qua
bidu dd t(nh n6ng, vi vAy ddu tien ta chon ho cdn truc sau d6 chon chidu ddi tay cdn
dd bidt duoc bidu dd tinh ndng (xem phu luc). Ba dai luong Q", , Rct,H.. sE lay mdt
I4

(


jri luong lim chudn dd tra bidu dd tim 2 dai luo.ngcdn lai ndu cdu ki6n n4ng thi ldy
Q,. = Q", sau d6 tim R", (Qr.) vd H*" (R.,).
Ndu vi trf l6p kh6 khan raldy R.,= Rr" sau d6 tra bidu dd tim Q (Rr") vd H-. (Rr.).
Vao

Neu cau kiOn 6 cao ta chon H.n.= Hr" sau d6 tim R", (Hr.)l Q", (R..).

Saukhi chon cdn truc cho tat ch cdc cau kiOn ta tidn tdi nh6m c6c cdu kiOn c6 th6ng
.o cdn truc gidng nhau vho m6t nh6m dDng chung mQt cdn truc dd giAm sd cdn truc ddn
:nuc c6 thd. Vi0c ding chung cdn truc l6p nhidu cau kiOn phii phn hqp v6i phucrng6n
.ip trong tidn do thi cOng.Ngudi ta cfrng c6 thd nh6m cdc cdu kiOn gdn nhau trudc, sau
Jo chon cdn truc cho tlng nh6m.
C6ch lhm tr0n cho ph6p ta ddn su du thila khi nang ctra cdn truc vdo nhfrng th6ng sd
:r quan tAm dd tAn dung hdt khA n[ng cfia cdn truc. Vi du ddn khi ning thila vho tdm
.di dd c6 thd d.nrg mQt ch6 l6p nhidu cau ki6n, hodc ddn vho H." dd khi l6p didu chinh
.-iu kiOn mdm hcrn,cdn ddn khi n[ng thira vho Q chi dd tlng dn dinh chdng lAt cho cdn
iruc (rdt ft ding).
\-I. CHON VI TRi DTNG VA DUONG DI CUA CAN TRUC

- t{,c

o
Saukhi chon cdn truc m6i m6t cau kiOnsEc6 ba thOngsd R,,,,,- Ry";Ro (Q.o)vi R., ( )
;
tidp

a)

)'eu
)ng

d)

cQt
Jao

lua

Jan
rlQt

Hinh 1.8: Xdc dinh vi trt c'dntruc'

15


R.in - cho ta khoin g cdchcdn truc kh6ng duoc dturg gdn hon.
R*o* {hay R", (Q.*)} - cho ta khoin g cdchcdn truc kh6ng thd dung xa hon vi trf lip.
R., (Q/2) - cho ta khoAng c6chdidm m6c cau kiOn khOng thd c6ch xa vi tri dfrng cira
cdn truc. Khi cdn truc nAng mQt ddu cau kiOn vdi cdu kiOn cdn truc l6p theo phuong
ph6p quay. Lfc ddu cdn rruc nAng mQt ddu cdu kiOn lOn sau d6 nAng bdng vdo vi tri l6p
(l6p cot)
Til d6 ta x6c dinh vi tri cria cdn truc nhu sau (hinh 1.8): Til vi tri l6p v6 duhng trbn
b6n k(nh. Rn,invd R-.* {hay R., (Q.o)} hinh vdnh xuydn gifra hai duhng trbn ld c6 thd
cho cdn truc dfrng dugc.
- Ndu hinh vhnh xuydn khong c6t nhau cdn truc dung mQt vi trf chi l6p duoc mOt cau
kiOn(hinh 1.8a).
- Ndu hai vdnh xuydn cdchnhau cdn truc drnrg trong khu vuc giao nhau sOl6p duoc
hai cau kiOn(hinhl.8b, d).
- Ndu 4 vdnh xuydn c6t nhau ta c6 vi trf cdn truc dung (vDng giao nhau) l6p 4 cdu
kien (hinh 1.8c).
Tuong ru ta tim vi tri dtrng mh cdn truc c6 thd l6p duoc nhidu cau kiOn nhat.
Ndi c6c didm dung li€n tiep cria cdn truc ta duoc dulng di cria cdn truc (hinh 1.9 v)
hinh 1.10).
+ Bd tri cau kiOn:

BO TRI CQT

oArracAu rRUC
Hinh 1.9: So dd di chuydncdu kip cbt, ddnr cdu truc

16


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rhd
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:uoc
;au

Hinh 1.10: sort6 b6',tt.ittiir kien cli t'huydn crfu ldp tldn mdi,punen

:vh

4tr-13ryg, ddc6 th€jthuchienlaptheop
chAncau kiOnnam trong bdn kinh R

,.@

didm treo trong bdn kfnh R(Qr"/2).

Vi6c bd trf sao cho cdn cdu nAng l6p cdu kiOn thuAn loi nhat dtnrg 15pkh6ng bi
vudng, bdn kinh quay cdn nh6, sfrcnAngcdn truc kh6eTrong trudng hqp cau kiOn duoc l6p til xe vAn chuydn th) phii dua xe vDrotrong tdm
p vh an tohn cho
hoar dQngcira cdn truc. Cau kiOn duoc nAng lOn sao cho d€ d)ng phD h-o.
re vOnchuydn,cau ki6n kh6ng dua qua n6c budng l6i xe.
VII. CHON PHI-IONGAN T-APGHEP
TrOn co so nhlrng giAi ph6p ky thuAt khA thi ta c6 thd chon c6c phucrng6n thi c6ng
iap gh6p.
Mqt phucrng6n thi cong bao gdm nhidu giii phdp ky thuAt vd td chrlc khA thi m5i
:not su thay ddi c6c giii ph6p ld c6 c6c phuong6n khdc nhau.
V0 mlt k! thuAt c6 thd ld cdch chon loai cdn truc, so cdn truc, su kdt hqp c6ch bo tri
:au ki6n v.v... vd m1 td chfc c6 thd ld thfi tu l6p, sd phAndoan, dulng di ctra cdn truc,
.u ket hqp cdn truc v.v...

t7


vrrl. t-Aprmx oO rHt cOxc IAP GHEP
cdn cdu ta tra bAng dinh
Dtra vdo chung loai cau kien, trong lugng cau kion vd loai
cau kiOn kdt qui ta c6
mirc (xem phu luc) tim chi phi nhan c6ng vd ca m6y cho tDng
brlngthong so tien d0 - bing 1.3.

Bing 1.3

Dinh mfic

TT

Cau
ki0n

Don
vi

I

1

3

Sd
luong
A

+

Nhu cZiu

Gid
c0ng

Gid
m6y

Ca
m6y

5

6

7

NhAn
cdng

8

Mdv

So cong
nhAn

Thdi gian
thi c6ng

9

10

l1

Sd

8 le ket qui cria tich
COt I ,2,3, 4 ldy tir bang 82; c6t 5, 6 tra theo dinh mfic; cdt 7,
thd hien qua cot 8 dd
gitra c6t 4 v6i 5 vh 4 v6i 6. cot 9 chon rheo khdi lugng c6ng vioc
: 8. Cot 10 le thuong
cd thdi gian thi c6ng thfch hqp o cot 11. Cdt 1l ld thuongcria c6t7
sdciracOtS:11.
- Vc ridn d0 (thudng dirng bidu dd xion) truc hohnh (OX) chi thdi gian thi cong, truc
tung thOngsd khdng giangian lh phan
Trong l6p gh6p nhh c6ng nghiep rndt tdng ngudi ta lay thong sd khong
trong d6 c6 c6c truc
doan (hinh 1.11a),thuong lay bang khe bien d+ng hay phan xu&ng
vd nhip nhh dangtdng qudtthd hien tr6nhinh 1.11b.
-) Neu cdn truc
M6i rruc (A,$,C...) c6 n budc. Giira c6c truc li nhip nhb (AB, CD..
ve til I - n vh
ldm crrruc hay nhip nho thi bidu dd ve trong truc nhip d6. Lap thuin thi
dudng thd hien
ngudc lai. Ndu hai cdn rruc cing hoar dQngthi cirng thdi didm d6 c6 hai
hiOn cong tdc l6p
hoar dQngcira cdn rruc. Sau khi vC xong tien do ta biet thdi gian thuc
Tron hinh 1' 1lb
gh6prh6ng so c6ng nghe l) c6c duong thd hien hoat dQng cfracdn truc.
-25, c6t truc A
- rhd hi6n tidn d6 l6p gh6p c6r vh ddrn cdu truc . Lap cdt ding cdu CKG
di lon). L6p ddm cdu
l6p ttr I ddn n; rruc B l6p tir n vd 1; truc C l6p til I den n (cdn truc
cdu truc dor: truc c di
truc ding cdu E 12028 di gifra IEry2 truc A vh B tt 1 ddn n; ddm
biOn l6p tt} n vd I .

18


-\
l
L

:h
:o

'''-a\\

i
)

eF

,,,1)

t

t

l

t

t

t

t

t

l

l

t

t

t

t

l

t

t

l

I

"=ll
i

\ \

#

t

I
rl

t

t

l

t

-

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t

t

r

l

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I

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i 3 ;
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t

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t

l

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h

.-lt

- o

I

rB){-l
II

t

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l

t

l

l

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l

l

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l

l

I

t

I

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t

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t

l

t

l

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1

c){-

Hinh I.Ila: So d6 phdn docln thi cdng kip ghep
l - LFrygh6ptheo truc;2. LFrygh6ptheo nhip; 3,4. L6p gh6ptheo truc vh khe bien dang

l9


t)/

(-)
\=,

)

v

F

lu
I
(,

'|u

lro

r'DoN vt tHdl clnnt

30

I

A

H i n h l .tIb.' fi eh d6 thi t' 0ng l ti p ghe1t
trtrc
1. Cdu truc CKG-25 lap c6t; 2. Cdu truc E- I2OZB laP ddm cdu

1. Chon cdn truc boc xeP
So cdn cdu cdn phqc vu bdc xdp tfnh theo cong thfc:

M _rf f Qi . r K [ m 6 y l

r,f
Trong d6:

IQ.* - tfing trong lugng cau kiOn lap gh6p ltAn;;
(ngay):
T - thdi gian thuc hion cong t6cl6p gh6p (lay theo tien d0)
Z - s6 gid lhm viOctrong m6t ca;
P - Nang suat bdc xep trung binh ctra cdn truc (t6nlgid);
= 1 boc tai nhi m6y,K = 1,1
K - Hg sd su lhm viec khong ddu ctravan chuydnK
bdc tai bdi cau kiOn'
2. So s6nh phuong 6n l6P gh6P
Dd chon duoc phuong dn phir hgp ta c6 thd chon theo c6c tieu

20

chi sau:

( 1) Thdi gian thuc hi6n l6p gh6p - T.
(2) Gi6 thdnh thuOmdy C = I Cn,,iy.Vhgir{thhnh l6p gh6p tren 1 ran cau ki€n.
(3) H9 sd sri dqng cdn truc:
-I
w
'\sd -

Krni
)

f l ,I

Trong d6 :
Q.t
Ir...
\ i.-- _

.
,

Q.,
n, sd cau kiOnloai i.
Sau dAy li mdt bhi vi du vd phuong phdp thidt ke bi0n phr{p k! thuar rhi c6ng l5p
gh6p nhh c6ng nghiOp 1 tdng, n6 sE gidp ban doc hinh dung de dhng hon cdc phdn lf
thuydr rrinh bdy rr6n day.

.1

21


pHArult - THi ou

r DAc otEnacOxc rniNH
Tr6n h)nh 2.la,,b lh so do lap gh6p cdng trinh ta cdn lAp biOn ph6p thi cdng. COng
trinh ld loai nhir c6ng nghiep mOt tdng 3 nhip, 19 budc cdt; thi c6ng bang phudng phdp
i6p gh6p c6c cau kien ket cau khdc nhau: cdu truc, cQt,ddm cdr,rchay, ddn vi kdo vd cira
trdi bang BTCT.... Cdc cau kion niy duoc sin xuat trong nhd m6y vd vAn chuydn bang
c6c phucmgtien vAn chuydn chuyOndung den cdng trudng d0 tien hdnh l6p gh6p.
Day ld c6ng rrinh lon 3 nhip, 19 bu6c c6t x 6m = l-lzlm Vi vAv phii b6 trf khe lfn.
C6ng rrinh dtrcrcthi cOngtren khu dat bang phang.khong bi han che rnat bdng, cdc didu
nh0n c6ng lu6n
ki6n cho thi c6ng l) thuAnloi, c6c phtrongti€n phuc vLIthi cong d.i1'dr-r,
h-r6ndArnbao (kh6ng bi gi6i han).
1. So dd cOngtrinh
+-12000
I
I| D ' ,----=;

J-uoool
lD:
I
I

t

a

. ^ ^ l
+ l r i I

' ' -- |
L

r Q 1 { lI
, l - v

+

I

x

: ' l

z

A
(ry

/€,

Hinh 2.1a: Mtit t'ut so dd lup ghlp cdttg trirtlt

22


r'1

v

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U

v

r F1

q

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U
U

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rv \

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tr)

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(:)

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l6ng

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lh6p

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v

: CU?
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rang

(:)
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^n\
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J

: lfn.

-v/

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didu

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tf)
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+

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<-

-6)

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€

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IT

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3.7

2. Sd li€u tinh to6n
GiA thiet rnat bang thi cOngo cdt - 0,3 m (bdngcot rnlt r-n6ng
); cQtnghrnvio m6ng
0,6 m. Can ct'rtheo so li€u ddu bdi ta cd :
- C Q t g i f r a ( C , ) :H - 1 4 , 6 r n + 0 , 9 m = 15,,5m

-l .
-f
' l

h = l l , B m + 0 , 9 m = 12,7m

(c6t C'". C,n c6 cing kfch thudc v6i C, songkh6c nhau chi tidt l6p o truc
O

ue truc

@, t.u.@l

- C Q tb i e n( C , ) :

+
i,

P _J,67

r l

i,

H = 1 2 , 3m + 0 , 9 m = 1 3 , 2 m
h = 9 , 2 t n + 0 , 9 r n = 1 0 , 1m

---T--

P = 6'l T

3

- (cQtC2.,C26c6 cing kfch thu6c vdi C, songkh6c nhau chi tiet lap o truc

@ v) truc

@,t.r,.@;

Vi kdo gifra(D,) :

Lr = 24m
a = 3,3m
p

- Vi kbo biOn(Dr) '

12,2T

L z . = 1 8m
a = 2,J5m
P = 6,87

- Ddrncduchay (DCC) : L = 6 rn

lo

TI

--T5 l

+'

1

--1-

h = 0,tl n-r
P = 3'67
- Ciratrdi BT :
n h i p g i f r a ( C T , ) L = l 2 m , b = 3 , 4 m , p- 2 , 5 7
n h i p b i 6 n ( C T r ) L = 6 m , b = 2 , 5 r n , p= 1 , 5 7

---i-

- Panelmrli ( Pm ) : kfch thu6c(3 r 6) rn

l

I

p -2,47

i

- Tam tudng : kfch rhudc( 1,5 x 6) m

i
--

|
I

P = l'47

24

t

-f(
l

r


3. Thong k0 cdu kien ldp gh6p
Bhng 2.\
TT CK

I

Hinh ddng - Kfch thudc

Dcm vi

So lucmg

Q (lcau kicnj

cal

42

7,6

319,2

cal

42

6,1

256,2

6x 19-114

3,6

470,4

12,2

256,,2

C,
(Cr^)

cr
(C'^)

IQ

3 DCC

cal

4

cal

21

car

+ '

6,8

285,6

cal

2l

) 5

5?5

cal

42

1,5

63

cal

20x19=
380

2,4

912

cal

360

1,4

504

cal

40

7,4

56

Dr

L- 24m

5

D,
L -

1 8n r

6
CT'

7

8

9

CT,

Pm

A 1

(3"6)m

TT
( 1 , 5x 6 ) m

9*

TS

25

:r

l:;:!i:*:J:::

-- ,
-_i::i::::-;
---Fffi*'FffiffiidtuH


rr. TINH ToAN THrgT BI vA cAC pHuoNG AN THI cOxc
1. Chon vi tinh to6n thi6t bi treo bu0c
1.1.Thiei bi treo buoccot
Su dung c6c datma s6t lhm thiet bi treo bu6c ( so dd cau tao xem bAnvO). Can ctt
vdo so dd buoc ciip tinh duocducrngk(nh cilp cdnthiet.
u) Cot gilruC, :

_Q.,

P , , =1 , 1. P = l , l . J , 6 =8 , 3 6 7

S

Luc cdng cdpduocxdc dinh theo:
\ -

k.P,,
"

ffI.n. cos Q

6.9,36

= 25,087
t.2.1

Trong do :
k - h0 so an tohn (kd tdi luc qu6n tfnh k - 6);
m - hg sd kd den sftc cang c6c soi c6p kh6ng ddu;
n - so soi
"6p;
q - g6c nghi€ng cfia cdp so vdi phuong dung (cp- 0).
= chon c6p mdm cau trf c 6 x 3l + 1, dudng kfnh D - 24 ffiffi, cudng dO chiu k6c
=
150 kG/mm2
o
i r 1 , 9 9 x 7 , 2 + 3 0 = 4 1 , 8 kG = 0.0-t3T
e r u = T . l * i p * g am^ ia s =
b) Cdt bien C,, :
P , , =1 . 1. P = 1 , 1. 6 , 1 = 6 , J I T
Luc cang e6p duoc x6c dinh theo :

s-

k'P" = _6 . 6 , 1 I _ ^ ,
:0.137
m . n .c o sQ
1.2.r

= chon c6p mdm cau trric 6 x 37 + l, dudng kfnh D - 22 ffiffi, cudng d0 chiu k6c
o = 140 kG/mm2 vdi
9tr,

=

T'lrep * 9a"i masdt

= 1 , 6 5x J , 2 + 3 0 = 0 , 0 4 T .

1.2. Thiet bi treo builc ddm c(iu chav

Sridungdqngcu treobuOcddmc6 kh6ab6ntu dQng.
P , , =l ' 1 . P = 1 , 1. 3 , 6 = 3 , 9 6 7
Luc cf,ng cdpduocx6c dinh theo :

26


s-

6.3,96 =
16,tlT

k"P"

l.2.o,lol

m.n.cosq

= chon c6p mdm cau trirc 6 x 31 + l, dudng kfnh D = 19,5 mm, cudng d6 chiu k6o
c = 150kG/rnm2 vdi q,o= 0,01 T.
JU

Hinh vd 2.2.
1.3. Thiet bi treo buoc vi kio vd cira troi
Tien hhnh td hop vi kdo vir cu'atrdi sau d6 cdu l6p ddng thdi. Su dung ddn treo vh
dAytreotu cAnbang.
Hinh vd,2.3, 2.4.
d)D,vr)CT1:
T
, 22 , 5 ) - 1 6 , 1 7
P,=
, 1 , 1 'P = 1 , 1 ' ( 1 2 +
Luc cdng c6Lpduoc x6c dinh theo :

S_

k.P.,
ffI.n. cos (P

6.16,17 =
33,57
.4.0,9659
0,785

= chon cdp mdm cau trfc 6 x 3l + I, dudngkfnh D = 28,5mm, culng dOchiu k6o
o = 150 kG/rnmz vdi q,n= I ,09 T
b) D, vd CT: :
:o

P ,=
, l , l . P = 1 , 1 .6( , 8+ 1 , 5) = 9 , 1 3T
Luc cang c|p duocx6c dinh theo :
6.9,13 =
19.437
m.n.cosQ

0,75.4 .0.931)1

r
= chon cdp rndm cau trfrc 6 x 3l + I, dudn-ekinh D = f rnm, cudng dO chiu k6o
o = 1 5 0 k G / m m r r ' 6 i q , " = 1. 0 9 T .
l

io

Hinh 2.2: Treo hudc dim cdu trryt'
1 .T h 6 pd Q * ; 2 . D d y c d u ;3 . K h 6 a ;4 . 6 n g l u d n c 6 p .

21