Bai lien ket ion hay

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<span class='text_page_counter'>(2)</span> VÝ dô: Sù t¹o thµnh ion Na+ tõ nguyªn tö Na (Z=11). +. 11+. Na. Na+. 1s22s22p63s1. 1s22s22p6. +. 1e.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(3)</span> 2+ Mg (2,8) Mg(2,8,2). Al3+(2,8) Al(2,8,3) 12+. Mg  Mg2+ + 2e. 13+. Al  Al3+ + 3e.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(4)</span> Sù h×nh thµnh anION. 17+. Cl (Z=17). Cl + 1e  Cl-. 8+. O(Z=8). O + 2e  O2-.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(5)</span> II. Sù t¹o thµnh liªn kÕt ion. ThÝ dô 1: XÐt sù h×nh thµnh liªn kÕt ion trong ph©n tö NaCl. -. + 17+. 11+. Liªn kÕt ion Na+(2,8,1) (2, 8) PTHH. Na+ + Cl–  NaCl. 2 x1e. 2 Na. +. Cl2. Cl–(2,8,7) (2, 8, 8) Cl.  2Na+Cl-.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(6)</span> ThÝ dô 2: XÐt sù h×nh thµnh liªn kÕt ion trong ph©n tö MgCl2. Cl (2,8,7). 17+. Mg(2,8,2). Cl (2,8,7). 17+. 12+. Cl- (2, 8, 8). Mg2+ (2,8). Cl- (2, 8, 8). Mg 2   2Cl   MgCl 2. Liên kết ion là liên kết đợc hình thành bởi lực hút tĩnh điện gi÷a c¸c ion mang ®iÖn tÝch tr¸i dÊu.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(7)</span> Tæng kÕt Nhêng e Cation (ion d¬ng).  Nguyªn tö kim lo¹i NhËn e  Nguyªn tö phi kim  Liªn kÕt ion. Cation Anion. Anion (ion ©m). Hót nhau. Liªn kÕt ion.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(8)</span> 1. Sè proton, notron, electron trong ion. 56. Fe2+ lµ 26. A. 26, 30, 26. C. 26, 30, 28. B. 24, 30, 24. D. 26, 30, 24.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(9)</span> 2. BiÕt S(Z=16), O(Z=8). Sè electron trong ion SO42- lµ.. A. 48. C. 50. B. 46. D. 26.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(10)</span> 3. Cation M2+ cã cÊu h×nh electron 1s22s22p6. CÊu h×nh electron cña nguyªn tö M lµ:. A. 2 2 6 2 1s 2s 2p 3s 2 2 6 1s 2s 2p 3s2. B. 2 2 4 1s 1s22s 2s22p 2p4. C D. 2 2 6 2 6 2 1s 1s22s 2s22p 2p63s 3s23p 3p64s 4s2. 2 2 2 1s 2s 2p 2 2 1s 2s 2p2.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(11)</span> 4. Anion X2- cã cÊu h×nh electron líp ngoµi cïng lµ 3s23p6. VÞ trÝ cña X trong b¶ng tuÇn hoµn lµ. A. Chu k× 3, nhãm VIIIA. B. Chu Chuk× k×4, 4,nhãm nhãmIIA IIA. C. Chu Chuk× k×3, 3,nhãm nhãmIVA IVA. D. Chu Chuk× k×3, 3,nhãm nhãmVIA VIA.

<span class='text_page_counter'>(12)</span> Bµi tËp vÒ nhµ Bµi 3, 4, 5, 6 SGK -Trang 60.

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