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Sáng tác và sử dụng truyện về chủ đề nước và các hiện tượng tự nhiên cho trẻ mẫu giáo 5 6 tuổi

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dZҙ
ғE'
ѴI HҊ^ҙW,
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KHOAGIÁO DҗC MѷM NON
------------------

Ҳtă
i:

SÁNG TÁC VÀҜSDҗNG TRUY
҇
N V҄CHҘ҄Eҙ
ҒC
VÀ CÁC HI
҇
Edҙ
ҖNG TҞNHIÊN CHO TR
ҁ
MѹU GIÁO 5ʹ6 TUҎI

'ŝĄŽǀŝġŶŚӇ
Ӏng dҧ
n : ThS. Nguy
Ҵn Thҷ
Diҵu Hà
Sinh viên thӌc hiҵn
: PhҢ
m Thҷ
DŝŶŚdŚӇ
LӀp


: 12SMN2

ăE
Ҭng, tháng 5/2016


MӨC LӨC

A. PHҪN MӢ ĈҪU.................................................................................................... 1
1. Lí do chӑQÿ
Ӆtài ..................................................................................................... 1
2. 0өFÿtFKQJKLrQFӭX
.............................................................................................. 2
3. .KiFKWKӇYjÿӕLWѭӧQJQJKLrQFӭX
........................................................................ 3
4. *LҧWKX\ӃWNKRDKӑF
................................................................................................ 3
5. 1KLӋPYөYjSKҥPYLQJKLrQFӭX
........................................................................... 3
6. 3KѭѫQJSKiSQJKLrQFӭX
........................................................................................ 3
7. 1KQJyQJJySFDWjL
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8. &XWU~FFDWjL
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B. 1,'81*1*+,ầ1&8
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1.1. /ӏFKVӱQJKLrQFӭXYҩQÿӅ
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1.2. &ѫVӣOêOXұQ
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....................................................... 6
1.2.2. Mӝ
t sӕvҩ
Qÿ
Ӆlí luұ
n vӅtruyӋ
n dành cho trҿmҫ
m non .................................. 15

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1.2.4. 7әFKӭFKRҥWÿӝQJFKRWUҿOjPTXHQW
.. 31
1.3. &ѫVӣWKӵFWLӉQ
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1.3.1. 9jLQpWYӅFѫVӣÿLӅXWUD
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1.3.2. Thӵc trҥ

ng viӋ
c sáng tác và sӱdөng truyӋ
n vӅchӫÿ
Ӆ1ѭ
ӟc và các hiӋ
QWѭ
ӧng
tӵnhiên cho trҿmү
u giáo 5-6 tuәi tҥ
LWUѭ
ӡng mҫ
m non 20-YjWUѭ
ӡng mҫ
m non
Dҥ/DQ+ѭѫQJ«
...................................................................................................... 37
.ӂ7/8Ұ1&+ѬѪ1*
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&KѭѫQJ
2: SÁNG TÁC VÀ SӰ DӨNG MӜT SӔ CÂU CHUYӊN VӄCHӪĈӄ
1ѬӞC VÀ CÁC HIӊN 7Ѭ
ӦNG TӴ NHIÊN CHO TRҾ MҮU GIÁO 5 ±6
TUӘI ......................................................................................................................... 42
2.1. Nhӳng Fѫ
sӣÿӏ
nh Kѭ
ӟng cho viӋ
c sáng tác và sӱdөng truyӋ

n cho trҿmүu
giáo 5 ±6 tuәi ........................................................................................................... 42
2.1.1. &KѭѫQJ
trình giáo dө
c mҫ
m non mӟi ÿӕi vӟi trҿmү
u giáo 5 ±6 tuә
i ........... 42
2.1.2. Ĉһ
FÿL
Ӈ
m tâm sinh lí cӫ
a trҿ5-6 tuәi .............................................................. 43
2.1.3. Ĉһ
FÿL
Ӈ
m cҧ
m thөtác phҭ
PYăQK
ӑ
c cӫa trҿmҫ
m non .................................. 47
2.2. Sáng tác mӝ
t sӕtác phҭm truyӋ
n vӅchӫÿӅ1ѭ
ӟc và các hiӋ
Qӧ

ng tӵ
nhiên cho trҿmүu giáo 5-6 tuә

i tҥLWUѭ
ӡng mҫm non .......................................... 51
2.2.1. Nhӳng tác phҭ
m truyӋ
n sáng tác..................................................................... 51
2.2.2. 7LrXFKtÿiQKJLiFiFWiFSK
ҭ
m truyӋ
n sáng tác ............................................. 51
2.3. Sӱ dөng nhӳng tác phҭm truyӋ
n sáng tác vӅchӫÿӅ1ѭ
ӟc và các hiӋ
n

ӧng tӵnhiên cho trҿmүu giáo 5 ±6 tuә
i tҥLWUѭ
ӡng mҫm non ....................... 53
2.3.1. Mө
FÿtFK
......................................................................................................... 53
2.3.2. Cách tiӃ
n hành ................................................................................................ 53
2.4. Thӵc nghiӋ
PVѭSK
ҥm ..................................................................................... 60
2.4.1. Mө
FÿtFK
......................................................................................................... 60
2.4.2. 3KѭѫQJSKiSWK
ӵc nghiӋ

m .............................................................................. 60
7LrXFKtÿiQKJLi
ӭFÿ
ӝhӭng thú cӫa trҿ5 ±6 tuәL
P
ӕi ÿ
vӟi các tác phҭ
m
truyӋ
n sáng tác vӅchӫÿ
Ӆ1ѭ
ӟc và các hiӋ
QWѭ
ӧng tӵnhiên..................................... 60
2.4.4. KӃ
t quҧthӵc nghiӋ
m ....................................................................................... 61
C. KӂT LUҰN VÀ KIӂN NGHӎ............................................................................ 64
1. KӃ
t luұn ................................................................................................................ 64
2. KiӃ
n nghӏ
.............................................................................................................. 64
TÀI LIӊU THAM KHҦO ...................................................................................... 66
PHӨLӨC


1

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4

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6

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