PCS 902s x technical manual EN overseas general x r1 20

Copyright © 2020 NR. All rights reserved.
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The information in this document is provided for informational use only and does not constitute a
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document is subject to change without prior notice.
To the extent required the products described herein meet applicable IEC and IEEE standards,
but no such assurance is given with respect to local codes and ordinances because they vary
greatly.
Although every reasonable effort is made to present current and accurate information, this
document does not purport to cover all details or variations in equipment nor provide for every
possible contingency to be met in connection with installation, operation, or maintenance. Should
further information be desired or should particular problems arise which are not covered
sufficiently for your purposes, please do not hesitate to contact us.



Preface

Preface
About This Manual
The technical manual describes the protection, automation, control, and supervision functions of

PCS S series device for line distance protection, and contains operation principle descriptions,
and lists function blocks, logic diagrams, input and output signals, setting parameters and
technical data, sorted per function, as well as the hardware of the device. The manual can be used
as a technical reference during the engineering phase and during normal service. In addition, the
manual also includes a glossary that lists and defines technical terms used throughout the
manual.

Safety Information
This manual is not a complete index of all safety measures required for operation of the equipment
(module or device). However, it comprises important information that must be followed for
personal safety, as well as to avoid material damage. Information is highlighted and illustrated as
follows according to the degree of danger:
Indicates an imminently hazardous situation that, if not avoided, will result
in death or serious injury.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation that, if not avoided, could
result in death or serious injury.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation that, if not avoided, may result
in minor or moderate injury or equipment damage.
Indicates that property damage can result if the measures specified are
not taken.
Important information about the device, product handling or a certain
section of the documentation which must be given particular attention.

Instructions and Warnings
The following hazard statements apply to this device.

Disconnect or de-energize all external connections BEFORE opening this
PCS-902S Line Distance Relay
Date: 2020-02-27

I


Preface

device. Contact with hazardous voltages and currents inside this device
can cause electrical shock resulting in injury or death.

Contact with instrument terminals can cause electrical shock that can result
in injury or death.

Use of this equipment in a manner other than specified in this manual can
impair operator safety safeguards provided by this equipment.

Have only qualified personnel service this equipment. If you are not
qualified to service this equipment, you can injure yourself or others, or
cause equipment damage.

This device is shipped with default passwords. Default passwords should
be changed to private passwords at installation. Failure to change each
default password to a private password may allow unauthorized access.
NR shall not be responsible for any damage resulting from unauthorized
access.

DO NOT look into the fiber (laser) ports/connectors.

DO NOT look into the end of an optical cable connected to an optical
output.

DO NOT perform any procedures or adjustments that this instruction

manual does not describe.

During installation, maintenance, or testing of the optical ports, ONLY use
II

PCS-902S Line Distance Relay
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Preface

the test equipment qualified for Class 1 laser products!

Incorporated components, such as LEDs, transceivers, and laser emitters,
are NOT user serviceable. Return units to NR for repair or replacement.

Equipment components are SENSITIVE to electrostatic discharge (ESD).
Undetectable permanent damage can result if you do not use proper ESD
procedures. Ground yourself, your work surface, and this equipment
BEFORE removing any cover from this equipment. If your facility is not
equipped to work with these components, contact NR about returning this
device and related NR equipment for service.

Insufficiently rated insulation can deteriorate under abnormal operating
conditions and cause equipment damage. For external circuits, use wiring
of SUFFICIENTLY RATED insulation that will not break down under
abnormal operating conditions.

SEVERE power and ground problems can occur on the communications
ports of this equipment as a result of using non-standard cables. Please

use the wiring method recommended in the manual for communication
terminals.

DO NOT connect power to the relay until you have completed these
procedures and receive instruction to apply power. Equipment damage can
result otherwise.

Use of controls or adjustments, or performance of procedures other than
those specified herein, may RESULT IN hazardous radiation exposure.

The firmware may be upgraded to add new features or enhance/modify

PCS-902S Line Distance Relay
Date: 2020-02-27

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Preface

existing features, please MAKE SURE that the version of this manual is
compatible with the product in your hand.

Document Conventions
⚫

The abbreviations and acronyms in this manual are explained in “Appendix A Glossary”. The
Glossary also contains definitions of important terms.

⚫

Menu path is connected with the arrow "→" and bold.
For example: the access path of protection settings is: MainMenu→Settings→Protection
Settings

⚫

Settings not in the table should be placed in brackets.
For example: the system setting [Opt_SysFreq]

⚫

Cross-references are presented in italics.
For example: refer to Figure 1.1-1, refer to Table 1.1-1, reference to Section 1.1

⚫

Binary input signals, binary output signals, analogues, LED lights, buttons, and other fixed
meanings, should be written in double quotes and bold.
For example: press the button "ENT".

Symbols
⚫

AND Gate

&

&

>=1

>=1

&

⚫

OR Gate

>=1

⚫

Comparator

⚫

Binary signal Input
BI

xxx

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Preface

⚫

Signal input
SIG

⚫

Setting input
SET

⚫

xxx

Enable input
EN

⚫

xxx

xxx

Timer
Optional definite-time or inverse-time characteristics
Timer
t
t

⚫

Timer
Fixed delay pickup (10ms), fixed delay dropout (2ms)
10ms

⚫

2ms

Timer
Settable delay pickup, fixed delay dropout
[Tset1]

⚫

0ms

Timer
Fixed delay pickup, settable delay dropout
0ms

⚫

[Tset2]

Timer
Settable delay pickup, settable delay dropout
[Tset1]

⚫

[Tset2]

Generator

G

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Preface

⚫

Transformer

⚫

Reactor

⚫

Motor

M
⚫

Capacitor

⚫

Busbar

⚫

Circuit breaker

52

⚫

Current transformer
3CT

*

⚫

Voltage transformer

3VT

⚫

Disconnector

VI

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Preface

⚫

Earth

Three-phase Corresponding Relationship
Basic
A, B, C

L1, L2, L3

R, Y, B

AN, BN, CN

L1N, L2N, L3N

RN,YN, BN

ABC

L123

RYB

U (voltage)

V

U

Example
Ia, Ib, Ic, I0

IL1, IL2, IL3, IN

IR, IY, IB, IN

Ua, Ub, Uc

VL1, VL2, VL3

UR, UY, UB

Uab, Ubc, Uca

VL12, VL23, VL31

URY, UYB, UBR

U0, U1, U2

VN, V1, V2

UN, U1, U2

Warranty
This product is covered by the standard NR 10-year warranty. For warranty details, please consult
the manufacturer or agent for warranty information.

Document Structure
This manual is a comprehensive work covering the theories of protection, control, supervision,
measurement, etc. and the structure & technical datas of relevant hardwares. Read the sections
that pertain to your application to gain valuable information about using the device. To concentrate
on the target sections of this manual as your job needs and responsibilities dictate. An overview of
each manual section and section topics follows.

1 Introduction
Introduces features, summarizes functions and applications of the device.

2 Technical Data
Lists device specifications, type tests, and ratings.

3 Protection Functions
Describes the function of various protection elements, gives detailed specifics on protection
scheme logic, provides the relevant logic diagrams.
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Preface

4 Control Functions
Describes the logic for the control of up to 15 disconnectors and 2 circuit breakers, synchronism
check for manual closing and voltage selection logic for different application scenario.

5 Measurement
Provides information on viewing fundamental and rms metering quantities for voltages and
currents, as well as power and energy metering data.

6 Supervision
Describes self-supervision technique to help diagnose potential difficulties should these occur and
includes the list of status notification messages. Provides a troubleshooting chart for common
device operation problems.

7 System Functions
Describes how to perform fundamental operations such as clock synchronization, communicating
with the device, switching active setting group, checking relay status, reading event reports and
SER (Sequential Events Recorder) records.

8 Hardware
Describes the hardware of the PCS series device family and provides general information on the
product structure and the modules technical data.

9 Settings
Provides a list of all settings and their ranges, unit, steps, defaults. The organization of the settings
is similar to the settings organization in the device and in the configuration tool (PCS-Studio).

Appendix A Glossary
Describes the abbreviations adopted in this manual.

Document Revision History
PN: ZL_PCS-902S_X_Technical Manual_EN_Overseas General_X
Current version: R1.20
Corresponding Version
Release Date
Document

Software

R1.00

R1.00

R1.10

R1.12

2019-01-24

Description of change

⚫

Form the original manual

⚫

Add stub differential protection

⚫

Add switchgear position verification

⚫

Add the description about digital substation application

⚫

Add the description about digital interface

2019-11-25

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Preface
⚫

Add technical data of GOOSE and SV

⚫

Add certifications of IEC 61850, DNP, PRP, HSR, IEEE
1588

⚫

Add alarm signals of GOOSE and SV

⚫

Delete switching setting group by input signals

⚫

Add NET-DSP plug-in module (NR6612B)

⚫

Add SV communication settings

⚫

Add label settings

⚫

Add GOOSE send links and receiving links

⚫

Add SV links

⚫

Add CPU plug-in module, NR6106AC and related

technical data of optical fiber channel (wave length
1550nm)

⚫

Add typical application of single circuit breaker (double
busbars)

⚫

Add out-of-step protection

⚫

Modify the logic of automatic reclosing and add the
related settings

⚫

Add

general

communication

[IP_SyslogServer01],

settings:

[IP_SyslogServer02],

[IP_SyslogServer03], [IP_SyslogServer04]
⚫

Add three-phase current element, three-phase voltage
element and single-phase current element

⚫

Modify the description about switching setting groups via
binary inputs

⚫

Modify the technical data of breaker failure protection
and broken conductor protection

⚫

Add the technical data of transfer trip

⚫

Add CPU plug-in module (NR6106AK)

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IX

Preface
⚫

Modify the technical data of device′s power consumption

⚫

Modify the lower limit of the settings [VTS.t_DPU] and
[VTS.t_DDO]

⚫

Add synchrophasor measurement function

⚫

Modify the logic of distance protection

⚫

Modify the logic of VT circuit supervision

⚫

Modify I/O signals of switchgear control, synchronism
check and voltage selection

⚫

Add the description of base phase angle for angle value
in measurements

⚫

Modify the terms of "Energy Metering"

⚫

Modify the terms of "Energy Metering Settings"

⚫

Modify the technical data of binary input

⚫

Modify the description about switchgear trip counter

⚫

Modify the technical data of power supply

⚫

Delete the technical data of BNC connector

⚫

Modify

the

operating

time

delay

accuracy

of

negative-sequence overvoltage protection and residual
overvoltage protection
⚫

Modify the operating time delay accuracy and dropout
ratio of breaker failure protection

⚫

Modify the dropout ratio of broken conductor protection

⚫

Modify the setting range of the setting [85.U_UV_WI]

⚫

Modify the logics of breaker failure protection and pole
discrepancy protection

R1.11

R1.12

⚫

Modify the logic of enabling distance protection

⚫

Modify

2020-01-22

the

technical

data

of

synchrophasor

communication
⚫

Modify the technical data of protection class for front side

X

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Preface
⚫

Modify the description about remote control mode

⚫

Update the terms of reclosing

⚫

Modify the technical data of dropout time accuracy of
negative-sequence overvoltage protection and residual
overvoltage protection

⚫

Modify the explanation of the settings [Prot.U1n],
[Prot.U2n],

2020-02-19

[UL2.Syn.U1n],

[UB1.Syn.U1n],
[UL2.Syn.U2n],

[UB2.Syn.U2n],
[Prot.Opt_CT_Measmt],

[UB1.Syn.U2n],
[UB2.Syn.U1n]

[CBx.25.Opt_ValidMode],
[Prot.CB1.Opt_CT_Measmt]

and [Prot.CB2.Opt_CT_Measmt]
⚫

Add the information about the settings [MMTR.U2n] and
[MMTR.I2n]

2020-02-27

⚫

Update current and voltage connection examples

⚫

Add output signal of transfer trip, "TT.BlkAR", and related
logic

⚫

Delete GOOSE communication settings

⚫

Modify the logic of earth fault protection

⚫

Modify the logic of negative-sequence overcurrent
protection

⚫

Add the description about CT circuit failure blocking
earth fault protection and negative-sequence overcurrent

R1.20

R1.20

2020-06-01

protection
⚫

Delete stage 5 and stage 6 of overfrequency protection,
underfrequency protection and frequency rate-of-change

protection

⚫

Modify the logics of AR

⚫

Modify the logic of reclosing numbers control

⚫

Modify the logics of switchgear control and DPS alarm

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Preface
⚫

Modify the logic of dead check

⚫

Modify the description and sequence chart of jitter
processing

⚫

Modify the technical standard of power supply

⚫

Update PMU

⚫

Add thermal overload protection

⚫

Modify the logic of sending permissive signal in current
differential protection

⚫

Add travelling-wave fault location function

⚫

Add

TWFL

module

(NR6111A),

CPU

module

(NR6106AQ) and IO module (NR6661A)
⚫

Modify the logics of pilot distance protection (POTT,
Blocking) and pilot directional earth-fault protection (PTT,
Blocking)

⚫

Add

the

settings:

[85.En_Op_Ctrl_Send],

[85.En_PilotOp_Ctrl_Send],

[85.En_52b_Ctrl_Send]

[85.En_52b_Echo] in "Pilot Scheme Settings"
⚫

Add the settings, [21L.PilotFwd.ZP.En_NegDir_Blk],

[21L.PilotFwd.ZG.En_NeuDir_Blk],
[21L.PilotFwd.ZG.En_NegDir_Blk]

in

"DistProt

Settings"
⚫

Revise CT requirement

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1 Introduction

1 Introduction

1
Table of Contents
1.1 Application ....................................................................................................... 1-1
1.2 Functions ......................................................................................................... 1-2
1.3 Highlights ........................................................................................................1-11
1.4 Features.......................................................................................................... 1-12

List of Figures

Figure 1.1-1 Typical application of single circuit breaker (single busbar) ............................ 1-1
Figure 1.1-2 Typical application of single circuit breaker (double busbars) ........................ 1-1
Figure 1.1-3 Typical application of double circuit breakers ................................................... 1-2
Figure 1.2-1 Functional overview of PCS-902S ........................................................................ 1-3

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1 Introduction

1

1-b

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1 Introduction

1.1 Application
PCS-902S protect overhead and underground lines, feeders and cables on all voltage levels with
highest possible selectivity. The availability of various protection and automation functions permits
its utilization in all domains of line protection. The devices contain all important auxiliary functions
that are necessary today for safe network operation. This includes control, measurement and
monitoring functions. The large number of communication interfaces and communication protocols
satisfies the requirements of communication-based selective protection and automation operation.

Its modular structure permits line protection devices always to be adapted flexibly to the individual
requirements.
52

52

PCS-902S

Optical fibre channel or PLC channel

PCS-902S

Communication channel via direct dedicated fibre, MUX or PLC

Figure 1.1-1 Typical application of single circuit breaker (single busbar)

52

52

PCS-902S

Optical fibre channel or PLC channel

PCS-902S

Communication channel via direct dedicated fibre, MUX or PLC

Figure 1.1-2 Typical application of single circuit breaker (double busbars)

PCS-902S is a high-speed transmission line distance relay featuring single-pole & three-pole
tripping and reclosing with synchronism check. The device features extensive metering & data
recording including high-resolution data capture and reporting. PCS-902S features expanded
control equation programming for easy and flexible implementation of custom protection and
control schemes.
A simple and robust hardware design features efficient digital signal processing. Combined with
extensive self-testing, these features provide device reliability and enhance relay availability.
PCS-902S can be configured to support single circuit breaker application or double circuit
breakers application by PCS-Studio. If the device is applied to double circuit breakers mode, all

PCS-902S Line Distance Relay
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1-1

1


1 Introduction

protection functions related to the number of circuit breaker will be affected.
Bus1

1

Single-phase
voltage

52

PCS-902S

Three-phase
voltage
Line 1

52
Line 2

Single-phase
voltage
52

Single-phase
voltage
Bus2

Figure 1.1-3 Typical application of double circuit breakers

The PCS-902S is widely adopted not only for conventional substations, but also for digital
substations. It supports IEC 61850 Editions 1 and 2 and provides GOOSE and SV network
interfaces with high real-time performance. The process level network supports peer-to-peer (P2P)
mode and networking mode, including single network mode and dual network mode. The station
level network could also receive and send MMS messages (such as interlocking signals) or
process level GOOSE messages (such as circuit breakers or disconnectors positions and trip
signals).

1.2 Functions
The functional overview of the device is shown in Figure 1.2-1.

1-2

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1 Introduction
Busbar
3VT

1

52

85

21

67P

67G

67Q

21D

50/51P

50/51G

50/51Q

32R

49

50DZ

46BC

62P D

50BF

37

PMU

59P

FR

59Q

*

3CT

78

FL

Data transmit/Rec eiv e

1VT

SOTF

59G

81O

27P

81U

81R

87STB (Only for one and a half breakers arrangement)
25

79

Line

Figure 1.2-1 Functional overview of PCS-902S

1

Protection functions

ANSI

Protection functions

Remark
⚫

Independent pilot zone (forward direction and reverse
direction, mho or quadrilateral characteristics)

⚫

PUTT, POTT, Blocking, Unblocking, Zone Extension

⚫

Current reversal logic

⚫

Weak infeed echo or echo&trip

⚫

Open breaker echo

⚫

Directional zero-sequence comparison element for

Pilot distance protection

85

Pilot

directional

pilot scheme

earth-fault
⚫

PTT, Blocking and Unblocking

⚫

Current reversal logic

⚫

Open breaker echo

⚫

Up to 6 zones

⚫

3 independent phase-to-ground distance elements for

protection

21L

Distance protection

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1-3


1 Introduction
each zone
⚫

1

3 independent phase-to-phase distance elements for
each zone

⚫

Selectable

quadrilateral

characteristics

or

mho

characteristics
⚫

Independent impedance settings and time delays for
each zone

⚫

Zero-sequence

current

compensation

for

phase-to-ground distance element
⚫

Selectable forward direction, reverse direction or non
direction (except zone 1 that is fixed as forward
direction)

21D

78

67P
50/51P

DPFC distance protection

Out-of-step protection

⚫

Load encroachment for each zone

⚫

Power swing blocking and releasing for each zone

⚫

Faulty phase selection for each zone

⚫

Fixed forward direction

⚫

High-speed operation

⚫

Supplementary for zone 1 of distance protection

⚫

Easy to set and independent of system parameters

⚫

Up to 6 stages with independent logic

⚫

Voltage control element for each stage

⚫

Optional direction element for each stage, including
forward direction, reverse direction or non direction

Phase overcurrent protection
⚫

Optional definite-time characteristics and inverse-time
characteristics for each stage

67G
50/51G

⚫

Trip purpose or alarm purpose for each stage

⚫

Harmonic control element for each stage

⚫

Up to 6 stages with independent logic

⚫

Optional direction element for each stage, including

Earth fault protection

1-4

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1 Introduction
forward direction, reverse direction or non direction
⚫

Optional definite-time characteristics and inverse-time
characteristics for each stage

⚫

Selectable trip purpose or alarm purpose for each
stage

67Q
50/51Q

Negative-sequence

⚫

Harmonic control element for each stage

⚫

Up to 2 stages with independent logic

⚫

Optional direction element for each stage, including

overcurrent

forward direction, reverse direction or non direction

protection
⚫

Optional definite-time characteristics and inverse-time
characteristics for each stage

SOTF

49

Switch onto fault

Thermal overload protection

⚫

Via distance measurement elements

⚫

Via dedicated earth fault element

⚫

Via phase overcurrent element

⚫

Up to 2 stages with independent logic

⚫

Selectable trip purpose or alarm purpose for each
stage

⚫

Up to 2 stages with independent logic

⚫

Optional definite-time characteristics and inverse-time
characteristics for each stage

59P

Phase overvoltage protection

⚫

Optional phase voltage or phase-to-phase voltage

⚫

Optional “1-out-of-3” logic or “3-out-of-3” logic

⚫

Selectable trip purpose or alarm purpose for each
stage

27P

⚫

Up to 2 stages with independent logic

⚫

Optional definite-time characteristics and inverse-time

Phase undervoltage protection

characteristics for each stage
⚫

Optional phase voltage or phase-to-phase voltage

⚫

Optional “1-out-of-3” logic or “3-out-of-3” logic

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1-5

1


1 Introduction

1

⚫

Blocked by instantaneous VT circuit failure

⚫

Selectable trip purpose or alarm purpose for each
stage

⚫

Optional auxiliary criterion, including CB position check
and current check

59Q

59G

Negative-sequence

⚫

Up to 2 stages with independent logic

⚫

Selectable trip purpose or alarm purpose for each

overvoltage

protection

stage

Residual overvoltage protection

⚫

Up to 2 stages with independent logic

⚫

Selectable trip purpose or alarm purpose for each
stage

81O

81U

81R

32R

⚫

Up to 4 stages with independent logic

⚫

Voltage control element

⚫

Up to 4 stages with independent logic

⚫

Voltage control element

⚫

Up to 4 stages with independent logic

⚫

Voltage control element

⚫

Up to 2 stages with independent logic

⚫

Selectable trip purpose or alarm purpose for each

Overfrequency protection

Underfrequency protection

Rate

of

change

of

protection

Reverse power protection

frequency

stage
⚫

37

Optional auxiliary criterion, including CB position check
and current check

Undercurrent protection
⚫

Selectable trip purpose or alarm purpose for each
stage

50BF

⚫

Phase-segregated re-trip and three-phases re-trip

⚫

Optional current criterion (phase overcurrent element,

Breaker failure protection

zero-sequence

overcurrent

element,

negative-sequence overcurrent element)
⚫

Optional circuit breaker position check

1-6

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1 Introduction

87STB

Stub differential protection

50DZ

Dead zone protection

⚫

Two time delays

⚫

Protect the T-zone in one-and-a-half breaker and ring
breaker arrangements

⚫

breaker
⚫

46BC

Clear the dead zone faults between CT and the circuit

Broken conductor protection

Adopt the ratio of negative-sequence current to
positive-sequence current (Ι2/Ι1) to detect the broken
conductor.

⚫

62PD

Initiated by three auxiliary contacts of phase-segregate
circuit breaker

Pole discrepancy protection
⚫

Optional auxiliary criterion (zero-sequence current
element or negative-sequence current element)

⚫
25

79

Synchrocheck

Auto-reclosing

Independent logic for auto-reclosing and manually
closing

⚫

One shot or multi-shot

⚫

1-pole AR, 3-pole AR or 1/3-pole AR

⚫

Optional trigger mode, including protection operating
and external binary input

PMU

⚫

Support synchro-check and voltage check

⚫

Compatible

Phasor measurement unit

with

IEEE

C37.118-2005,

IEEE

C37.118.1-2011, IEEE C37.118.2-2011 and IEEE
C37.118.1a-2014.

FL

Fault location

⚫

Single-ended impedance-based method

⚫

Zero-sequence mutual coupling compensation for
parallel lines

TWFL

⚫

Single-ended traveling-wave-based method

⚫

Double-ended traveling-wave-based method

Travelling-Wave fault location

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1-7

1