Tài liệu Lý thuyết PLC docx

Chương 2:
TỔNG QUAN VỀ PLC
2.1 Tổng quan về hệ thống điều khiển :
 !"
#$%&'()*+$,-./0,1.+#
23)$4%/05 678
9$:;<74 =.>
?@7A8
?@7$%8
7<B/0. " 2)4>
?C 8
?CD78
?C$48
Khối vào:
CE'F./0; G<
'F >H<+I J'&<'F G$4
K LMNLOO*!.(EP44Q8
Khối xử lý:
CER" .SG$42A
'()78
Khối ra:
9G$4 +#T4#$%T478UG
 '/0!E.$4S.2A+<,V$48UV
$4 >W'4&!4$&I
2.2 Sơ lược về lịch sử của PLC :
 M '4'4 ' 4$X#4$5Y R
24-2$+$%4YS+<T4'+
7+<T4 5IUG%;' 7
7$4Y/2$. A!E$ Z
7;2$%[\U8
Z7;2$%)(P[$$44<&$&$Q-/0S

++$4Y]^_`PUR'a&&$4$D:Qbc(:;
12A'()7>
?de;2$% 4'F/W$%8
?U$H!.!&$!e<$% S4S48
?@<;'$R$/Y8
9'(XW f7/Y!E*27
$;  ;2$%8g%;' ++"
</b+W5h!e; 8@W4;2
$%7;2$%)4'P[$$44<&$&$64!&Q)
(/0$4Y ]^_^8@7 '-.$42$;:;
;2$%89$4. '7;2$%P[\UQcW
14'+i&4' !j'$7F8k4#$%
;  ++-"</b.$4/0(3b
 (3>d.;2$%!Jf%48
l2$T42)A"]^mn+4'- 
[\U2$.oWbA$>
?l/0V V$47W 7V 
V$4"4<1:;$'7R8
?ZbbW8
?M7.!&'(!JW8
9$S);2(]^mpb2$T42)7<;2$%
[\URc\W X(7,
%+75!SY4
88
M $4 ++X.$4:;+[\U$(q
 [\UT4"$(q89T4
/0ci thin,B#r4W8Z(.[\U/0+.
4+2b+<,.Y;' A!ET4[\U/0
$W8
2.3 Phân loại PLC:

2.3.1 Theo hãng sản xuất:
U-/Siemens, Ormon, Misubishi, AlenbratlayI
2.3.2 Theo version:
[\Ul&&5/lmD=pplmDspplmDtppI

[\UlmD=ppT4-l&&
[\UlmDsppT4l&& [\UlmDtppT4l&&
<5/u24OO
p
O
pM
O
]M
O
=M
I
PLC loại ALPHA
@j' .[\UG/b;K52J02
bA!Eb/0vNLKWspF8
dXu\[6u %\Ud 2G
2r24;2$%4FI/W$%
/0G02<($<+4 <w
P$&$4Q2r2A!E
2A.2I
PLC loại FX0S

@j' .[\UG/b(K2J02
bA!Eb/0vNLKWsp
2G4 Gx24&78gb!E
<b/W $%<1 yy[iL2r2!S

/W$%/0/.$<b$$/Y02
fY4< 
238dXOzp/0G02{<($<+4 <.w
2r2A!E2A.28
M/0T4!XOzp R$/0vNLR
.Y4/W$%j8
PLC loại FX0N
OzpM[\U!E'7;2
4'Kb/0vNL#
1$7]pD]=`vNL8OzpM </b
$4S4OzplbOz[\U8OzpM)'
T*$/W<T4!XOzplfY
X$44.8
PLC loại FX1N
[\UOz]MG02b< 
7b/0)
 $4$]tD_pvNL8
9'  (      !E  
!& $4$(b
]=`vNL
♦ Zb/W$%`ppp
&28
♦ UBp8nnN
         _<+
4P_pC6|Q4<2
)$4b)74 ]ppC6|8
♦ M2>]=D=tgdU]=pD=tpguU
    M%!XOz]M[\UG02A!E!J$R
2+<+}$74'j4
'&W7X4RG$ G

/b7'!I
PLC loại FN2N
@j' .[\UG
/W.Oz=M$4
<,G!X
Oz]M8
 9/Y
b  Y  4    
p8p`N8
@7/0)$4
"]_D]=`vNL8
9$$/Y02)+$(b=n_vNL8
Zb`&2$$/Y02)7# $%2A.2
$<b(b]_&28
MSG/0$Jb$'7R.
T4!XOz]M-/4Oz=M(,$G )$!XOz2A
XKw&bA!E7!j''7
/bA!ER$/Y7'! $
A!E!j''7w2$2 <I8
[\Uk&$&T4-<
2.3.3 Theo số lượng các đầu vào/ra:
942j[\U <.4>
 $[\U .!/bs=( N$4
 [\UK+=n_( N$4
 [\U$<%+]p=t( N$4
 [\U+$(]p=t( N$4
Các micro-PLC
9/YGWs=) N$48~%o<( G
!E  7  [\U  5  9]ppdD]_]_  !  -  9$4&
i&&4$v&$448U./W

W  <<2;/0G02$(
<.G/bK58$D[\U
.f<2;/<G<f( N$4
$8U$•[\U/W[\UK  $q!ew2
*8
.$[\U d\pnT4-C'. 's=( N$4
$[\U5d\pnT4-C'
PLC loại nhỏ:
U+=n_) N$486%!/b [\UT4-LiLM.€yMD
]pU8\.[\U 'st( N$4f>_(  t($4$(R
U[•X.sR N$4bt(  t($4}R8
[\U.€yMD]pUT4L$8
6-l&&.[\UK/lnD^p•lnD]pp•lmD=pp/0(
 N$4KW=n_8
8
[\UlnD]pp•T4l&&
Các PLC trung bình:
U+]p=t) N$48\.U‚]T4L$%<(!/bs=p(
 N$48
[\U.U‚]T4L$
Các PLC loại lớn :
6-l&& .&$&lmDspplmDtpp8U. '/0(
 N$4$b8U( 'R$+2([\U 2R#4
<  !f  (    (  P!&2&&$   2&&$Q8  [\U lmDtpp T4
l&& [\U.4'8
2.4 Cấu trúc của PLC :
[\U +<,2r2;7R#4
RS;2$%89 </W$%7/0/b$<b
T4[\U8@7 '[\U/'Gƒ4 <
<7 <b//W$%77!S F

$4 4+2b/07IM/;''$HW
<T4[\U<4Y„f 2)W<4>
●Mô đun nguồn
●Mô đun xử lý tín hiệu
●Mô đun vào
●Mô đun ra
●Mô đun nhớ
●Thiết bị lập trình
lWfT4<[\UW</0<!e%<(!/b8M R
G '[\UXR2E$0/R+.R
$'7RRr2RAG/R
+b4R7W</bR+b
&!&$R+ I

Các thành phần cơ bản của một PLC

Cấu trúc của một PLC
BỘ XỬ LÝ
TRUNG TÂM
(CPU)
NHÕ VÀO
(INPUT)
NGÕ RA
POUTPUT)
NGUỒN CẤP
BỘ NHỚ
9$.V T4[\U/02 / <bP<b$
[\Uf.4>iLy[iLyyLiL[\UQ
$($.T4H R#4/W$%$.V$4/0;2
; / <b8l4$.V$4$<b/0!J

N+2G.+<,/WA8M/;'.
T4+<,/07  &/W$%$<b8
U/W$%/0.2 [\UR#4+<,;2$%'(!E8

2.5 Hoạt động của một PLC :
Zo)/0#r$.T4)  +<,2E$0
7/0*$4</W$%A!EG
 7)$4/WAT4[\U8U[\U+2r2
2r2G5 2r2G<bbW4
W $4<,4!b'Gb.<888
Z7B T4/W$%8UB '/05
B#rT4[\UA Y4XT4
/W$%78UB#r/054% 4>
Chu kỳ quét của PLC
C#r) [\U$4G"+<, /
R<+I9$.T4G /0/.Y
b89$Y4#r/W$%<#r)/0T4/W
$%7!E$.T4G $b,
)$42A4'R8C+# $.T4)$4/0 
b[\Uo2*w.$47+<,
.8UB#rT4[\Ur! "]+=nj'89Y4#r
)  )$4/YwbB#rT4[\U8
Chương 3:
TẬP LỆNH PLC HỌ MELSEC FX SERIES
CỦA MITSUBISHI
3.1 Các thiết bị của PLC HỌ FX :
?z>V w$+2 [\U
?…>V$4$+2"[\U
?9>+<,,%
?U>+<,+

?>$&4'2E$0Y'(!EP`pppD`=nnQ
?l>$&4'$.YPl^ppDl^^^Q
?d>4
?[>$K
?C>1;22j
?6>1;2E2j
3.2 TẬP LỆNH CƠ BẢN FX SERIES :
3.2.1 Lệnh Load và Load Inverse :
?\4!P\dQ>E..RwML8
?\4!&$&P\dvQ>E..RwMU8
3.2.2 Lệnh OUT :
?@7!j'8
?M7L•9/08
3.2.3 Lệnh AND và AND INVERSE :
uMd>M+27RwML+27RwJ
H8
?uMvPuMdvMgyilyQ>M+27RwMU+27
RwJH8
3.2.4. Lệnh OR, OR INVERSE :
?Li>MRwML4 ]p
!j'8
?LivPLivMgyilyQ>Li>MRwMU4 ]p
!j'8
3.2.5 Lệnh Load Pulse and Load Trailing pulse :
?\d[P\4![&Q>.'"LOO4LM
?\dOP\4!O4[&Q>.'"LM4LOO
3.2.6 Lệnh And Pulse, And Trailing Pulse :
?\uMd[Pu![&Q.!'"$.LOO
4LM8
?\uMdOPu!O4[&Q.'"$.

LM4LOO8
?\uMd[ uMdO!J/WuMd udMv8
3.2.7 Lệnh OR Pulse ,OR Trailling Pulse :
?\Li[PLi[&Q.!'"$.LOO4
LM8
?\LiOPLiO4[&Q.'"$.
LM4LOO8
?\Li[ LiO!J/WuMd udMv8
3.2.8 Lệnh Set và Reset :
Đặc điểm:ly9 iyly9!JJ+<,<4()
J'89'($.Jb $.8

Nhận xét:
?Czp-<;LM%…p. !'$%$.LM4'zp
-wLOO8
?Cz]<;LM%…poLOO !'$%$.LOO4'4z]
' LOO8
?k$%'$4/Wpdplp8
3.2.9 Lệnh Timer, Counter (Out and Reset) :
Dạng chung OUT và RESET của timer và Counter :
?L•9>@7!j'<,Y*<+
?il9Pi&&Q>@*.$G<,Y*<+8
Hoạt động của bộ định thì và bộ đếm :
Bộ định thì (Timer)
?U<,%.<1+8MV$4T49&$
/0G.$,+/0.+$,1C8CY4$R
#4/0G<1'$,+/0jb2jT49&$8
VD>9&$]p+$,]ppY4$R#4/0G/
4>
]pp†]p‡]pp†p8p]‡]

?CY4,%/0*$+2R#41C*
+2#44!Sd89/Y!J4!S/0<
R<,!S89'(+2T4f[#
A%Y4,%<,48
Bộ đếm (Counter):
?C!JU&$1C,)+8
VD>U&$b1C]po2/0G]p)$/b!j'
U&$8
3.2.10 Lệnh END :


?C*(yMd$/W$%!E<+H#$%#r
/W$%  + ;2;V N$4<,Y89
;2;V )B#r ;2;V$4B
#r8
?g#r/W$% #$%"$/W$%")
+8CY4 '5 Y4#r2E !  
2A.2T4/W$%8M4'!X#r /0 %!X#r
+2&o<w)4'89 <#$% B(E8
3.3 Tập lệnh nâng cao của FX SERIES :
3.3.1 Nhóm lệnh điều khiển lưu trình :
Lệnh CJ :
U$H>
?UA>'b,$G$KG-,$/b8
?6.>U‚/0%</W$%'+,$G
-,<$KGƒ4 /W$%o<K#4"4
U‚+,$G$KG8
?M7U‚!JJ$KG8
?ZB./W$% <,<K#4%$.V$4oR/0;2
;4'V 4'F$.8

?U<,% <+o/0,$, +H<,<K#4
<U‚8
?U<+4 .%H.;2b/W$%
G8
?\U‚'+<B,$G $/W$%G*4
OyMd8
?\OyMd!Jc$4+H)(T4/W$%G
!E/W$%8
Lệnh CALL:
U$H>
?UA>5/W$%.8
?6.>Uu\\/0o</W$%.'/W
$%/0,<$KG8
?\Uu\\2/0!JbOyMd liy98
?\liy9A+H/W$% $7</b4'
4Uu\\"4/08
?M7Uu\\J$'+/W$%8
?U/W$%nAf4PA)(Q8
3.3.2Nhóm lệnh So sánh :
Lệnh compare :
6.>!ST4l]/0b
!ST4l=+#/0$7$s
<,4c) d8
?M+l=KWl]%d‡L
?M+l=<1l]%dˆ]‡L
?M+l=bWl]%dˆ=‡L
Lệnh zone compare :

6.>!ST4ls/0b
!-'!SPl]l=Q8

?M+lsKWPl]l=Q%d‡
L
?M+lsPl]l=Q%dˆ]‡L
?M+lsbWPl]l=Q%dˆ=
‡L
3.3.3 Lệnh MOV :
?6.>!ST4+<,fl/04r2++<,Gd8
3.3.4 Lệnh XCH :
?6.>!ST44+<,Gd] d=/0F48
3.3.5 Lệnh BCD :
?6.>!S,2j$+<,fl/0'F4ZUd
/WA /$+<,Gd8
3.3.6 Lệnh BIN :
?6.>!S,2j$+<,fl/0'F4ZUd
/WA /$+<,Gd8
Chương 4: