Luận án phó tiến sỹ Nghiên cứu di truyền và lai các đột biến chín sớm giống lúa 8A ( IR 2070 -199.3.6.6 ) tạo giống mới

BO GIA.O DUC VA BAO TAO
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TRUO'NG 9~I HQC TONG HQ'P TP. HO CHI MINH
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LE NGQC Qvi
NGHIEN CUU DI TRUyi)N VA
LAI CAC BOT BIEN CIIIN saM
.
GI6NG LUA 8A (IR 2070-199-3-6-6)
TAO GI6NG Mal
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Chuyennganh: DI TRUYENHQC- MA so : 01- 05-06
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TOM TAT LUAN AN PHO liEN SI KHOA HOC
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SINHHOC
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THANH PHO HO CHI MINH
1990
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Tnro-ng B4I HQC TONG HQ'~ ~_. TP. HO CHI MINH
Nhii'ng ng11'o-ihmyng d&nkhoa h9C:
- Pho tien SI TRAN MINH NAM
x ~ 7A
- Giao S11'Pho tieD sl NGUYEN VAN UYEN
Ng11'o-inh~n xet 1 :
Ng11'~inh~n xtt 2 ~
,. '. .
CO' quail nh~n xet :
Lu~n an se ,hrl1c blo v~ t~i H9i dt>ngchai111ll~n-all
Nha llmyCh9P t~i :
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ao 01: glO'
, ngay thang
Dam
Co th~ tim hi~u lu~n an t~i TIm vi~n Khoa h<]c- Ky
thu~t Thhhpho H5 Chi Minh, r:-:-:'::-":~:"'H""'~"~ . It
l;i.G;;~nr.\i" , !il,
!'-".t i'J,f~~,,',
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BE TAl:
DAN BAI
NGHIENCifU DI TRUY~NVALAI cAc DQT m~N
cHiN SG-MGJ6NG LUA 8A (Ill 2070 -199-3-6 -6)

T~O GI6NG MG-I
Phlln me, dau :
- Phan I : Ttng quail tai li~u
Phan II : V~t li~u va phlrO"ngphIlp tM nghi~m
- Phan III : Ket qua nghien cuu
CHtrO'NGI : NGHIt:N CUU BAC BIEM SINH HOC VADI
TRUYEN 10 DONG UJA BOT BIEN CHiN saM 8A
A. Nhom I
B. Nhom II
C. Nhom III
CHlrO"NGII : LAI TONG HQ"P cAc B~C f:HEM DI TRUYJ!:N
l\IONG MUON
A. Ng~nngay, bong to
B. Ng~nngay, hgt l&n
C. Nhfrngd~c ai~m di truyen m6-i (, giong m6-i do
lai 2 dgt bien
cmrO"NG III : YNGHIATHTlCTIfN cAc GIONGUJA Mal
CHUO'NGVI : A. BItN LU~N VA KET LU~N
B. BJ!: XUAT PHllUNG HlfaNG GL~I QUYET
VAN BJ!: TIEP TT)C.
C. DANH MT)CcAe GONGTRINH CUATAc GIA
- A" '" ", A'
ItA GONGBO THEO BE TAI LU~N AN.
\ ; \
PHAN MIT BAU
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an t1,t'uto o'n cua lyn ng lIen CITU ua quoe te
trono' hhlmg Ham cUiu Ia aa xiX dung cae c'on lun tan cae c ionet
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ua 1 ap cay co hem nang nang suat eao, am 'Lang n an 1 san
hrgng Ilia nhieu limy!: (BEACHELL ya JENNINGS - 1964),
Tir nhiXng Ham 1970, lRRI etaxu. d\wg loai Ilia d~i ORYZA
NIVARA (O,N) trong lai t~lO nh~m tang tinh tr~ng khang moi
tmo-ng va sau b~nh 0. cac giong Ilia m&i . Tuy nhien, chi co
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lll<}tval glOng ua ma ,~GITQ'C al rat It an VO'I cae glOng
hia trang.
Tir quail di~m ch<,>ngiong do fa nhli'ng v!?-tli~u qui gia ;
mQt trong nhiXnggiong Ilia hiem hoi nlm v{iy1a giong Ilia 8A co
tong thu-c Iai IR202
/ON CR94-13, Nhtr v~y 0. giong Ilia 8A
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, Cleo an al val cae glOng ua 'lac eOn 0' n. leu glOng
Ilia O,N deli phai Lriii qua nhieu Ian 1ai v&i nhieu giong Ilia,
Nhtr giong Ilia IR8423 (0. mien Bae co ten CR.203) co nhieu
trU di~m den n6i trong flam 1988 da dtrgc trang cUfn 1 tri~u
m&i h&&llll'&C ta (bao Nhandan ngay 11-9-89) va eta mang
11;1illlQt 19i nhu~n h~mgtram d dong (baDSGGP ngay;5-6-90) &
giong Ilia nay O,N co den 7 Ian lai v&i cac giong Ilia khat,

Chinh VIthe ma giong Ilia 8A va IR8423 co nhieu a~c
.1i~m rat khac nhau :
- 8A dtro-ng nhtr n~ng Hnh d~i hem, khang phen, khang
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, m~m, ang 1;1n, ang ray nau c ling cao va n leu 01;11san
b~nh; nhtrng bong Ilia 8A nho, h~t nh~ kho a~t Dang gnat can
va tho-i gian sinh tmo.ng 8A dai den gall 120 .ngay, hi~n nay
giong Ilia 8A aa bi 101}.ikhoi slm xuat, '
-,- IR8423 bong 10, nhieu h91 co tiem nang.nang suat can,
nhung dnh khang moitmo'ng va sau b~nh I1}.iyeu d~c bi~t bi
nhi~lll .11;10on n~ng, I1l8423 co tho-i gian sinh tm&ng ligan hcrn
8A kholmg 10 ngay,
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Xu dl).ngphtfO'ng phap di tlUyen chgn giong nao d~ wln~
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caD l~U qua Cua pong ua "'1, ngi la a van gIll' ngnyen~llJ}
klulno' nhITn
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nihw caD dlfO'C trone' IITo'no' bono' hot va I'u""no:in
b b b.b b', t.'
tho-i gian sinh tm(mg.
IRRI thITo-ngxU-d\lllg phlwng phap lai (vo-icae giong khac)
va nhITv~y genotip 8A de bi lolmg.
MQtphITO'ngphap co tri~n v<;mgrheo hmyng nay la uQt hieD
gen va lai cacdQt bien. "
Tu- Dam 1980, BQmOllDi truyen hgc D:;ti hgc Tang hcrp
TP. Ho Chi Minh dil xU-ly bOa ch~Lsien tt~)"::bien NMTJden mam
h:;tt lua 8A, chgn 19c M::. M3 O:m?'c nhien dong dQt, bien
khac nhau.
Tlr nam 1983, chung toi nghien cuu san 10 "clong lua a9t
bien chin so-m va chia thanh 3 nhom.
1. NHOMI : Gom 5 dQt bien chin rat so-m den ho'n 3 tHan
so vo-i 8A va GIT(}'Cky hi~u H22, HI. Hs. RIO. E.) tho-i gian sinh
tI'IT<yngva chien caD than cua cac dQtbien nay deuso-m va thap
gall nhu nhau.
Hai dQt bien HZ2va HI co tn;>ng ]wcrng 1000 h9t (P1000)
rat lo-n den 27gr eo vo-i chI 20-21gr 0.giong Ilia 8A.

2.NHOM~~, : Gom 2 dQt hieD so'm ho'n giong goc 8A khoang
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O'n tHan uU'(}'c 'Y l~U ,30, 4 trong n om nay c ling 'cO1rat c lU y
GQtbien H30 co tho-i gian sinh tmo'ng kholmg 100 ngay phli hcrp
vo-i vi~c t:;to giong d~t Dang suat caD (YOSHIDA-1978) va co
chien caD trullg Mnh. H30 co bong dai, hQt nhieu va lo-n hO'nsA.
3. NHOM III : GC3m3 uQtbien so-mhO'n giong goc 8A kholmg
hO'n m{Jt tHan dtrcrc ky hi~u E6. C5 va H:,Wco bong dai, so hQt
nttieu va c<\chieu caD cay caD. Day la nhom aQt bien co bon~
da.i hQt Iihieu IAv~t li~u di truyen qui gia lai t~o giong mo-i co
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Dang suat caD.
2
Ben Dam1985, 1.0-dori:{ct~t ,bje.n ntly Jiidi lm)'en an
.1jnh CJlia10 the h~ n,(M10),G1ulri'gtor .da.1ai;£.a~j:t~:t~i~'fI' vqi
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n au va al UQt leu VITi glOng goc . .
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e lD sO'm glOng ua OJ\
Do giong Ilia 8A khong cllm quang chu ky Den tho-i
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gI':n SIn tnrO'ag, nO' oa va c In cua no ong! lac U(pg
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0'1 gen nay, 0 no trong tr,ll'gng I9'P nay tIn c un su'm
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cua mOl m!}t w;>t leu Cncro Uleu - leu (fl C11111 gen
chin SO-ill.
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,~~et gp cae ilnl trl}.!lg mong muon n Itr thO'! gian
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sm tnrO'ng SO'ill, Clileu eaa p U lqp, 19t nmeu, 91 to 0' cat'
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uQt !Em neng re, m!am t{l.o illQt so glOng ua mO'I co nang
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suatvU'qtcac giOng .ua ia'lng san xuat, Ct1Uyen langp,lfO'ng
phap lai aO'D cac GQt bien (lai A x B).
- Lai ket hl}'p dgt bien th~p cay chin so-m y&i cac agt
bien bong to, nhi~u hgt.
- Lai ket hgp aQL bien chin s6om hQt nho v&i cae ugt
bien h9t to.
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~j, 81w et." qp!u~t. len C ',.U'1Sv-m n"leu.Qt n U'ng a
,to) vGi'gi()pg-gSc'8A~'(h~\nh~,'nhi~.ubong};.: .~ ct'
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3.Lam Bangto 'v~ pll1.rO'ngphap' aQt bi~n gen va 1ai a(}t
bien cungg~~n.(c6~\q.~ gi~ ~,U'Q'cg~notyp cb()ug chlu C1iagi5ng
khlri a~u.
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PHAN I:
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TONGOUAN11\1LUU
Xi'r d1J.ngph11'O"ngphilp dQt bi~n thvc nghi~m d~ t1;1.ov~t
li~u kho'i Gan trong ch<;mgiong co ho'n 60 Lam tm&c (DELONE-
1928: SAPEGIN-1935 : GODSTAFSON-1953; KAWAI-

1954).
Nam 1964 th~mh I~p ta chuc phoi hq'p FAO (cO"quan I11'O"ng
nong lien hi~p quoc) va IAEA (cO"quan nguyen ti'r nang qnoc t~)
trong vong 25 naill, tuc la G~n nam 1989 ta chuc phoi h<?,pday
di rang bo 1200 giong cay tTong G(}~hi~n mo'i Ga Gu<?,ct1;1.o.Bay
l
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a m'?t tuan. t1!u to o'n,
xu. If phong X{lho~e boa chat Gen t1;1.oG11'?,ccac Gi}t bi~n
co y nghla va ung d1J.ng tr1!c ti~p v~iO Ran xuat nhu mQt
giong m&i.
Tny nhien, xi'r 61J.ng<lQ1bi~n d'~ lai t\l.° giong m&i GaG1;1.t
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UI;>t)]en trong lOng so pong oQtnen 0" cac cay oa t lao.
MICKE, DONINI-1985), xtr d~lllg GOtbi~n trong lai t1;1.ogiong
m&i thanh cang clan Lien 13.0. a1;1.im~ch, BOt bi~n MARl Iai vo'i
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cae glOng lac ua t~o U11'Q'C glOng U:;tl m~c mO'I, con ill' u<;>t
bi~n DIAMANT Iai v&i cae giong khac cling Ga t1;1.o<lu?,c5 giong
G~i m~eh m&i (SCHOLZ-1976)
,
Lai GOt bi~n v&i cac giong Ilia khac t1;1.ogiong m&i cling
d:~t k~t qua to l&n, Nh~t eta t~o d11'q'c7 giong, My 7 giong
(MALUSZYNSKI, MICKE, DONINI 1985) cae giong Ilia lai
.1<}1bi~n (, cae nu&c GO eo hi~n qua eao trong slm xuat.
Tuy nhien, hall h~t eae giong lai GOtbi~n nh~n Gll'<rcGeU
do Iai mQt G<}tbi~n va mQtgiong khae. Lai ear 8<}1bi~n cung mQt
giong G~ t~o giong m&i eon rat it chr<rcnghien cuu,
5

" "- A " " "-
PHAN II: VATLIEUVA PHIJ'O"NGPHAP181 NCHIEM
. . . . '
I NGHIEN CUD CAC DOT BI:fN CHiN saM vA BAN
CHAT DI TRUYEN cA:c DOT BItN:
Nam 1980, Bi}mOll di truyen hQcB~i hQc T<3ngh<!p TP, H<3
(,n1 Minh Qa xu. ly hoa chat sieu a<}t bien Nitrosometyl urea
(NMU)Qen mam h~t giong Ilia 8A (IR2070 -199-3 -6-6) va
1983 chung toi ch(;m10 dong a{hbien chin so-m a:~nghien CUll,t~i
tr!}.ith'!c nghi~m Iua Hi~p Boa dnh B<3ngNai.
1. NGHIENCUD C.ACBQT Bl11:NCHIN SaM.
a) Theodoi chi tieDsinh hgcva nang sullt:
? ,
(J 3 VlJ.he thu 1983-1984 1985(M6 M8-10),
chia ra 3 nhom :
Nhom I : Ngan ngay, thap cay.
iNborn II : Ngan ngay, cay cao trung blnh.
Nhom III: Ngan ngay, cao cay. .
- Kythu~t lam m~ va cbam sac Iliathee phU'o-ngphap cua
(PHAN HD'U TRINH va CTY-1977).
- M~t (19cay (15cm X20cm). Nen ph~n : 80N-60P-40K.
Chung toi gieo tr<3ng 4 Hin l~p ]~i ng§:u nhien va thee dOl
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c.ac e 1 beu sm Qc 0- cay .0, va Dang suat t1U <m2 .0.
Nang suat h~t (tan/ha) = sobong/m2X so hQt/bong X % h~t
chac X trQng IU'<!ng1000 hQt (g)
= 80 hQ1/mz X %sohQ1chac:
tr9ng IU'o-ng 1000 hQt (g) X 10 -5 (YOSHIDA va ngU'o-i
khac -1976).
b) Su. dlJ.ngphU'O"ngphap thong ke trong sinh hQc s,! khac
bi~t giii-a hai 80 trung bluJ:tco
y,nghla khi QQtin c~y It cae myc
,xac xua1ireD 0,95 (NGUYEN BINH KHOA-1975'; NGUYEN
VAN OT -1984).
2. Elm chlltdi truyf1n:
- Xac Q!nhblm chat di truyen chin
s6-m, cae cay, hQ1to,bong dai va nhieu h0t. ' .
- Chung toi lai phan tlch mBi m<}t(1<}tbien v6'i, giong goc
8A thee doi Fl va phan Iy F2 xac i:1!nhdi truyen tinh trQi l~n
Qo-ngen ho~c nhieu gen, .
6
ll LAI T~O VA CHQN LQC NHUNG DONG UU TV:
1. LAl T40 :
V~lhe thu 1985, chung toi lai cac uQt bien v&i nhau va Q{)t
bien v&i giong lUa 8A.
.
- Ve ky thu'~t Iai huu tinhJua: chu~n, b! c&y d~ Iai va

~?'" ~ v r', "
plur<yngphap cat va trau (NGUYEN VAN HIEN - TRAN THI
NHAN - 1982)
- Theo doi cac the h~ lai :
&Fl gieo 30 cay va F2 gieo
500 cay (ch{;mng&unhien 0-Fl ).
VI}.he thu 1988 theo doi cac chi lieu sinh h<;>ccac dong
lai d{)t bien (F7)va cac d{)tbien cha m~ (M17)-(nhu la), sii-dl}.ng
phu<yng phap thong ke trong sinh h<;>c(uhu Ib).
2. CHON LOC NHU'NG DONGU'U TU :
Ket hqp duqc nhii-ng a~c ai~m di truyen mong muon cua hai
cha m~ nhu: chIn s6om, thap diy, h{)tto, bong dai va nhieu h{)t;
Dang suat vuqt cha m~.
. ~ ' ~
llI KHAONGHI:f,:MSO SANH VA KHAO NGHI:f,:MSAN
XUATGI6NG Mal.
1. KfL.\ONGHI~MSOSiNH GI6NG :
- T~i tqli th1}."cnghi~m lUa Hi~p Hoa dnh Bong Nai, gieo
trong theo bang (10X30m)1~p l~i 3 Ian, so sanh ca~ giong hia
'" . , '" '"
quac gla va quoc te.
Theo doi cac chI lieu sinh h<;>cva Dang suat (thu 20mz /
bang) (nhu la).
- Hi~u s5 co y nghia nha nhat (LSDo.os) u-ng v&i mu-c dl?
tin c~y 95% ; (Tr~c nghi~m aa ao{!n cua DUNCAN).
2. KHAONGHI~M SAN XUAT GI6NG:
- Chung toi aua cac gi5ng Iua m&i ra sllDxuat 0- cac huy~n
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m~n, chua, h~n, qua 3 VI}.: Bong man, He tlm va Mua nh~m aanh giLl
tlnh ch5ng ch!u, tlnh khang va Dang snat so v6-i cac giong lUa
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quoc gla va quoc te.
- Tlnh khang sau b~nh duqc theo doi trong dieu ki~n
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t1}."11 leu CUR san xuat.
7
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PHANIII:
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KEf O~A NGHUNClfU
CHUaNG I
~. , v JI ,'~
NGHIENCU'UBACDIEMSiNH HOCVA m TRUYEN
, A ON.". ':, '" ,

10 DONGDQJDUN[HIN SO'MCUACIONGLUA 8A
Chungtoi theo doi chI lieu sinh h9Cva cac yeu to can thanh
nang suat cua 10 dong dQtbien chin so'm cua giong]ua 8A qua
3 '1\1: He thu 1983, 1984, 1985(M6,M8 va MI0)
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et qua ng leu cU'u c 10 t ay co sl! ac n au t 1en nom,
y&i d~c di~m chu yeu: Thai gian sinh tmo'ng, cao cay, dai bong
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va so ~rt m.:H . ong 0' n om :
1. Nhom I : Rat ng~n ngay, "Lhap diy, bong ngan vo-iso hQ1
trung bInh,
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, om : 0'1ngan ngay, cay cao,nong alVO'l 1<)1rat n leu.
BANG I: TrInh bay so li~uve 1 so d~cdi~1l1sinh h9Ccua3 nhOm.

Nh6m I Bot bi~n I TGST IChienrao cay
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A. NGHI:EN CUU NH()M I ~
Gom 5 dQt bien: HZ2, HI , H5, Iho, E5
a) B~e dil3m sinh hge :
V&i 4 d~c di~m sinh h9c chinh, cae dQt bien dell 0-mITe thap

118 ngay
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- Bong dai 95 I
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B6-;; diJi 100-1
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100 120em

nhat (so nhom II va III) : chin rat so'm, cay rat thap. hong ligan

v&iso hQ11 bong trung blnh,
n"'" '
1
-' . , '- '.c3v,'c,'",-"
Ineu nay co e co Sl! nrO'ng U'ng gura car~ Q{lC(:lem no :
" ,,' V6-~,tho-igian sinh tru'c,.ng95 97 ngay, sam han SA
.den han3tu1in,.do tIt boa sam lien ngung sinh tru'c,.ng sam va
than phai-thap: 60
-70 em so 8A: 85 em thap h()'l1(ten 15-20 em,
Th
A
h
A' 7 , '~'A
b
.
A'
1
,
II
' 1 ""A ?, 1
an'~ ap cua ea~ Wl~ ~ lC.:l n 10m a aO tae c9ng eua '~mn
1
' ,
K
A' 7 -J " ,7
h
A ,
(
r ~ '\:'iTA
I

19
-~
)
c un SO'lll. et qua tU'o'ng t\r oa co tac gia n {inxe'( l,/ W II - ,'/ i
C
'
h
"A
d
"
b
A ,A'
h
A . A
J
A
1
'
b
~
1
" ,
1
on C leU aL ong va so vt :ren )ong, t 11 ang lO{lCco t laY
.ct'A.
8A
A'
I
'
d 1

,
1 8
\ ,t- ,
1
A
1
7 ,. ,.!
h
A ,
1
?
uOl so. 1119tIt a 0 c un 1 . ft, ua co )ong n 10 V0'1 so ,<;rt\'11:ap 1al.
anhom I con co m(>ttbh tn;mg m<S'iching 11my: cae d{h
1 .,.,
II
'
II
'
1
A. '1"7 1
10
"
0
' A "
h
7
2()
?
8A
!

2
.tHen' 22 va ~ I co H,h:':" Igr; \J 11y" SO VO'l e 1 gr a ., eo .
0:91bi(~nh9t 10'n han 8A mQt It.
~ac phan t1ch di truyen chung to tn;mg lU'<;rnghQt di truyen
GQcl~p:v6-idnh chin so-m.
b) Nghien CU'Udi truyen :
Phan t1ch Fl va F2 khi lai eae (1<}1bien v&i giong gac 8A,
}
, ?,
h } i
.t:. 7 X' A '}A
b
""
l
'
d
' =1A 7
C lU'ng to tm c 1 n sifm cua mol m9t (HIt' len a 0 tar W,illg cua
mQt gen trQi (Fl so-m nhU'd{rtbien, F2 phan 1y3 : 1 chin s&m
, ;TA
b
.,., .,
h
' A 7
8A)
V
, ~ X. A,tA
b
.A'
cua Q9t ., leu va c 111mu9n cua 1 rang mol m9'~ (1<;1";,leD

co mQtphenotip rat khac nhau, Hen chung toi kj hi~u gen rieng
cho m6i mQt dQt bien:.
BQT BIEN K)' RIte GEN *
fI22 SI~~
HI Sh
Hs Sb
IIIO SIlo
Es SIe5
S
' A'
I h
'
I
' .,
J
' .A' -L , etA
h
""
~ : gen 80'111'~1'91, : n om , cac so 1110: vIet tat cae w;rt reD
- Phfm ticb di truyen cua 1 so tt h<;rplai cae d91 hieD
H22X Es ; HZ2X HI') , Hz.?X HI , HZ2X Hs thay co sl! g1indong
nhat ve theri gian sinh tmc,.ng 0. F2. Do GO5 gen nay S122,SIes,
SI S1 SI 1
" ,t'A
I
'
I
,' ? - "
1
10, 5, 1 a cac gen uong a en, tU'c a ca ~ gen tn;11nay va

9
gen l~n 8A co cling trong 1 locus.nhi~u gen tr9i <19tbi~n QQng
alen v~ chin so'w O' giong Ilia T.65 cling aii QU'<!cIPOta (TSAI-
KUO-HAI-1985).
Trong nhow I nay co 2 Q9t bien 'H22. HI . rat ~J~c bi~t so
vo'i ea 3, nhow do 1a 19t to nhat 27gr (1000 hQt). Lai 8A X H22
,
8
A
H
ct""
h
~ ,
1 d
' "'? V
2
h
'? ? '
)
,
1
va -"- X 1 ne p an tIC 1 1 truyen 0'.1' t 1 0' ea '~lU'O'ng l<!P
c't'" c't
k
"" ? , '"
h
lieu u1il:t e'cqua glOng n au:
Cac cay co tn;mg IU'<!ng 1000 Mt giong cha m~ va ea trung
, ?
2

h
+""
glaD cua c a lll~ (leu co :
21, 22, 23, 24, 25. 26. 27 (gr)
Ch9n 19C trong tnrang hQ'p riay th~t laphong plll.l:co chiCad
k
'?"
I
h
'"
1
,
kh
'
h
"
1
"
I
? ?
8
A
leu tr9ng U'<!ng 91 o'n ac n au so VO'l 19t n 10 eua 1"1.,
DV'avao ket qua phan tich di 'i:ruy~nnay tier theo. chlingtoi
c't-" +
1 h
"?
1
'"
d

' ",., c't"
ua Dang caD UU'Q'C
tr9ng m;rng 91 cua so ong ya glOng uQt
bien w&ido SITdl,mg 2 dQtbien H2:3va HI d~ Iai.
B. NGHIEN f:UU NHOM II :
H30. H4 , 2 d91bien nay gall giong nhau.
a) B~c di(\m sinh hQc :
- Thai gian sinh trm:rng 102 -103 ngay; so-m hO'n 8A
hO'n 2 tuan.
- Cay cao trung binh, 86- 88 cm b~ng 8A
- Bong dai den 23,5 cm so 8A chi 18,5 cm
S
'"
h
" ."
b
"
h
""
95
h
"
0 9t tIeD ong n leu:' 9'~
NhU' v~y, dQt bien H:;o va H4 chi co 2 a~c di~m ehu yeu
khac 8A: S&m ho'n 8A hO'n 2 luau va bong dai (h(J'n 8A : 5 cm)
v&i hQt nhieu, co Ie thai gian sinh trll'o-ng khoang 100 ngay nay
du d~ rho chien caDcay phat tri~n binh thU'an~ nim 8A (klulC
v&i dQtbien chin s&m nhom I kiem ham chien caD cay).
b) Nghien cu:udi truyen :
Phan dch di truyen ve dnh chin so'm 0. FL F2 (8AXH3c,

8A X H4) cho th3:y ban chat di truyen QO'ngen trQi cua 2 a9t
bien so v&i 8A l~n, v&i ky hi~u gen: QQtbien H30: SIba va
Q9t bien H4: SII4,
10
Trong 2 dQtbi~n nay chung toi rat ehu jdQt bi~n H3ov&i
gen SII3oVIco than eu-ng,du-ngth~ngvacae d~edi~m Dongh9Cco
ynghia khae, 1a v~t li~u kho-i (tau qui ghi trong lai t~o giong
tier theo.
Phan tich di truyen ve bong dai eua ca 2 dQt,bien so v&i
b
" <t ?
8Ahh
"'
d
' '" "'?
b
"
d
"
ong ngan eua , cot ay ltruyen in;>!cua ong al.
Di truyen vc tinh chin sam va ~hieu dai bong O'2 dQt bien
nay la dQcl¥p.
C. NGHIEN CUU NH6M III : dQt bien H2o, Cs va Eo
a) 9~c lii~m sinh h,?c
Nhom III gom 3 dQt bien v&i nhirng d~c ditm chung
giong nhau :
- Tho-i gian sinh tnro-ng khoang no ngay, 86-mhoon8A
hern 1 tu~n.
- Caycao va rat cao: 1m - 1,2m
Bongdai 23,5 em v6-iso hQ1tren bongrat nhieu: 100-115

hQt
n"" ~, 1 ~ ? '
h
' 01-"
b
,'" ,
1
, '
h
'" A
:I71em nOI D:;Ltcua n om ([(;rt leu nay, a co e leu eaO cay cao
Cs va H2o deli eao h<rn 8A h<rn 20em, con Eo eao hern 10 em
b) Nghien Cu'udi truyen :
n~
h
" ,
h d
o '" '"
I
,'" ~
3
;'I'"
b
oA'
De p an tIc I truyen ve e lIeu cao cay <r ca u9t lell,
chung toi dB: 1ai v&i giong goc 8A: 8A X H2o, 8A X Eo
8A X Cs va lai v&i (191bien~hap cay H30 : I-hoX H2o, H3o X Cs
H3oX E6o '
Phan tich di truyen (y F1 va F2 cIa nh~11cItrq-cket qua th~t
d~c bi~t: tinh thap ciiy cua 8A va uQ'tbien H30 1a trQi so v&i

tinh cao cay eua ca3 GQtbien H2), Cs va E6 : di truyen G<rngen l~n.
Btrq-c biet tinh thap diy (ygiong Ilia 8A va nhieu giong Ilia
IRRI khae, do tae GQngeua gen DEGEOWOOGEN (D-G-W-G) Gtrq-c
r-,"-'-o_-"';::'~-"'-' J
'\1\ J'r"n -~f'~'f' "'o'r-I I
j Uf,\! d\JU i U:'~i) HH) 1
i
'"/" IH
\
fir" . , ~,,'
I
I
1~"I' '11'._
j
'\i
C
i\
U
d
.
(I
,
"
j I 1U r h. \ r\ !n.J.I.'
: ~~ I
. I
I
11
ky hi0u 3dl , nhi~u gen d{ltbi~n a1en vo-i sdl cling da nh~n dIT<!'~
O'mOLsogiong Iua (MALUSZYNSKI, SIGURBJORNSSON,MICKE

1988) va mQtso gell'~~lapdlYkhac sd2, sd", Sd7 khong aien
vo-i sdl cling dii nh%n ttu,<!c (NA,RAHARI-1988).
Nh
A ,
h
h
A' " ?
J
'
h
"
1
d
'
J
. A ?
11'VrJ-Y,tm t ap cay o'ua au n lll' 0 taG . ling cua gen
l~n. Trong nghiencu-u cua cluing toi vo-i 3 dOt bien cao cay deli
h
A.ct
k
A'?
l
oA
I
e,
1
" , 0
h
A' A A'

n ~n U11'Q'c et qua ngU'(}'G{lI: cay cao a 1,ln so VO'I t ap eay t1'Ql
? oA'
I
,
8
A
0' glOng ua L'-1
B
"A ,
I
?'
h
?A ,? 0
I
'
h
"
I
,?, 'tA
b
' A'
leU nay C 11 co t e Sial t IIC (lm;)'c a 0' eac (lQt leu gen
3dl mat ho~t JQng, vo-igen nhll' v~y chung toi ky hi~u ( 3dl ), v~y
oA'
I
'
8A
' 0 0
d
d h

A' A ,
d
A
b
oN, 0
glOng ua VO'I genotlp S' 1 S' l: t. ap cay, cae -91 leD VO'I
geno'Lip( sdl sdl ) : cay caD, con genotip : dI h<}'ptIT: sdl ( 3th)
1
A' A
tJap cay.
Chung toi se nol 1'0hO'Il(lieu n?q ;y phan hi~n Iu~n.
Ve di truyen dnh chin s&m, th1 ;Yea,3 GQtbien (leU c6 thai
gian sinh tnrcmg khoang 110 ngay s&m hO'n 8A hO'n 1 tHan. Phan
,
1
1
'
1
'};'
2
-
3
?A
h
I
o? , 'tA
}
0 A'
H C
'

E
tIC l' va r trollS to Q'P al cua cac (191 )leu 20, 5 va 6
vai giang gac 8A dell nh€ln 1hay di truyen do'n gen tr{li cila tlnh
h
' , ?
3
'fA
b
oA' '
]
?A
k
'
h
oA'
d
'
h
c III sO'm cua w;rt len co tIe ')' Hiu cae gen 0 n 11' sau:
BQTBIEN
E6
Cs
H2O
con -clnhdai ngay ;Ygiang lUa 8A Ia 1~n.
Cuoi cling, 1a cac {[Qtbien H3o, Cs va E6 den c6 bong dai va
rat nhien hQt.Bongdai va nhi~uhQt 0. mai lUQtdQt bien den hi~u
hi~n tlnh di truyen trQi.
Ba (l~c <li~mchlnh cila mai mQl dQt bien nh6m III :cao cay,
chin s&m va bong dai co rat nhieu h(rt dll'Q'c di truyen dQc l~p.
B~ li~n so sanh chung 3 nh6m cila 10 dong dQt bien so 8A

h
' A"
I b
'
I
?
2
c ling tal trIn 1 ay )ang .
KYHltu GENCHiNsaM
SIll6
SIlls
SIlho
12
CHUaNG 11
? , v J/ " '"
tAl TONG"UP CAtOACDIEMm IRUVENMONtMUON
. .
A, NGAN NGAY, B()NG TO:
Nghien cuu 10 dong d:Q':;hien eMn so-m, chung toi nh~n,hay
I A '"
d
' '
1
- '1"?"
J
' ",
I
, A
kh
?',j-" ", ,'i?"

I
'
m9t so ong co n nl'TIgU'UUlema V~L lVU 0'1 uau qUI gra ae at
Ir
, iii'a chune: nh~m taG £:io11.£;1116i naIlS'
)
' suat caD.
e' L' , U c. ,
l1{1tbien I-bo co tho-i giancnccl'ilg khoang 100 ngay vo'i
gen chin S&ill 511:10clm?,c SlY(hplF v(h hy vyng t~o dc dong lai
Q{lt bien mo'i cotho'i gian sinh lmo-ng nlm v~y va bong h{l'l:n~ng
h
'
Nh
~ "+'
h
' ?'
3
'
]
'"
}
""
l
'
III
' "'
h
" A
b

A
,O'n, am mvc mc nay ca' u;ri; nen 1110m co so 9t tren ong
I
",
(E
-
C II
)
'1" 4- ? -
1
"'"
1
. " etA
}
""
I
J
n lIeu <6, -5, ,20 ueu Clu9'c SIT u\mg ce at VO'I ([91 )Ien ~30:
I H30 X E6 ; Iho X C,j ; I-ho ><H2o va cta nh~n chr<rc 3 dong 1ai d{l'l:
bien m&itlro'ng ung A20, 26A, 28A den co chien caD cay va '.ho-i
, .
h
?
h
H I
:1"" '"
1
A A
}
A

h
'
glan SIn tnrO'ng n ll' 30, 111ll'ng uen co so 19t tren )ong 11 leU
nhtr E6 , Cs va H2o
Do do A20, 26A, 28A co tihn nang nang su3:t caDdang Qm?,c
? "',
h
'
I
'A
I h
- ,'" "
san xuat va t 1 ng lly111 n Ill' n u~ng glOng 1110'1.
Ngdai ra dQtbien chin so-mco h9"[nhien E6 (genSII16 ) trong
t'3 h<rp Iai vo-i giong goc 8A: 8A X E6 ciat:;w dm;)'c mi)t giong
m&i co tiem nang Hang snat caD, do ket h9'P dll'y'c cae ct~c ai~m
'" ?
2
h
1'" C""
I
)
h
A
h
'" ? etA
mong muon 0' c a m~ : (11m SOT!1(gen :>11.6 , 9" n leU 0' w;rt
b
"'"
E

'
h
A ,
l
'
h
?
1
.",
I
,
8
\
leu 6 va t an cll'ng a non 1ll' glOng na 1L
Giong mo'i ihr<rct~o co ten gili A8 (A8 1o~i trit' dll'<rc]a l&n
'
h
A '" ?,j-A
b
""
E
)va t an yeu 0' w;rt len 5 '
13
BANG 3 : Tomt~t Iai t'3ng h<Tptlo\Ocae giQng ng~n ngay, bOngto
ISo
!thu-
! 11 1"
M~
1
H30

gen SIl30
100 ng'ay
! P 1000 h{rt
=
22-23 gr eao
tmng hinh,
thancu-ng,
1
, '
h
l1
a '[ ang,
h~'~dai
H30
2
3
gen S1ho, 100
I
ngay.than eli-ng,
I
Ia th~ng, eao
tmng binh,
h~1a'ai
H30genSlho
4
than eli-ng,Iii
tMng, h<)1dai,
bong dai
8A gen s, 120
ngay, h<)1ft,

b
A <L-
ong ligan,
P 1000 h<)1=
20-21g, Iiinho,
than eli-ng
14
Lai
.1
Cha
H~o
gen SIII~ono
ngay P 1000
h{ri:
= 19-20gr
eao cay, than
yen, Iii l&n,
h~'1:ban
B~e (ti~m
cay con
A20
gen S11:3o100
ngay P 1000
h91:= 22-23g
eao trnng Hnh,
';;hfmdrng, Ia
,> "
thang, h{tt ban
Cs 26A
gen SIlls gen S1bo 100

Iiil&n, than to, ngay, than eu.ng,
eao cay, 1£tilling, eao
h~t dai '~mngbinh,
h~t dai
E6 gen SIl16
than yen, Ia
to, h<)1hall,
honr dai
0
E6 gen SIns
109 ngay, h<)'1:
nhien, hong
dai P1000 h<)t:
22-23g.Ia ItS-n,
than yen
J
28A gen SIll6
than eli-ng, ]Ii
1,:,.:2.
h
'
d
"
tllang, ~l aI,
hong dfti
A8 gen SIll6
109 ngay, h(rt
nhien, hOng
dai, P 1000
hClt:22-2.3glli

nho, than eli-ng
-_.
I
Hi~u q~N&S
,
X
cua glOng
IliaroM
giong mai,
I
,'A V
hem Dang'
nang suat
cao, than
eu.nG'la
b'
th~ng, h<)t
nhieu.
giong mo-i,
I
g{to ligon
cmn, than
eu-ng, hi
I
':/-
h
"
t lang,
,
'It

dai
giong m&i, i
g~o ligon
eerm, than
eu-ng,la
th~ng, h<)1
dai
"., , ,
glOng merl.
,"" v ,
Hem nang I
nang sna1eao
h
A '
b
"" ,
c;rt n leU,
bong dai, Ia
nha, than
eu-ng
.t, , A I
B. NGAN NGAY, HQT LaN:
T 10 d
' ;t"
b
°'" ~ , I
2
;tA
b
.,.,

h
A
1
,
rong ong uQ1 Jen ngan ngay, co UQt Jell Q-~ o'n
nhat thu9C nham I, Ga la 0:91 bien H22 va I-h vo'i -~n,)llg-1U'Q'ng
1000 h91 o:en 27gr. Bi~u o:ang hru y la khi lai H22va HI
v&i caca9t bien khac, co h9t nho hO'n, thl 0- F2 ca th~ nh~n
O:U'C!Ccac ca th~ v&i h9t 16-n nha1 (PIOOO h9t 27gl) ho~c 1a
,
d
.
Ih
'
h
".'A
]
'
h
?
2 h
cac ~ng tIling glaD \. ac n au ve <1Q o'n ~t cua . c a fit;.
D
;t'
h
' A°;t_?
d
'l-A
b
',.,

H
'
H
'I-?A A
0 uO C ling tOl ua SU \lng uc.r~ leu ::~ va I He Dang cao
trsmg hrQ"ngh9t 0' m91 s5 dong chQn lQc,
1. A20 ca nhi~u U'u ai~m VI theri gian -sinh tmo-ng (J00
ngay) va h9t nhieu (nang sua-~cao). nhung trQng lU'C;>'llg1000
h
A ,.
h
? I
22 23
"
I
0 , ';tA
b
oA'
h
A
I
,
H
'
Qt men c 1 co 0 g, Den al VO'IUQt leu Qt O'n 22 va
dii chQn dU'Q"cdong Ilia m&i A30 vo'i P1000 h9t a~1 24-25gr,
nhung cac a~c ai~m khac nlm A20, Do da A30 ca tiem Dang
~ ,., ,
Dang suat cao.
2. Lai H3o v&i HI da: t~o chrQ"cdong Ilia m6-i A32 v&i

PIOOO h9t den hO'n 26gr, co tiem Dang Dang suat cao.
3. Lai H22 va E5 (eteu rung nham I)o:a::'.lo i:lU'C?,c2 gi5ng
mo'i 22A va 24A co PIOOO hv-: n~ng liO'n E5 ]a 24gr so v&i
23gr 0- E5 .
BANG 4 : Tom tiit lai tang hQ"p ti;lo cac gi5ng, dong ng~n
ngay, h9t lo'n. .
15
So
thu-
hot" Mtf
-
1
A20
gen 51130
P 1000 h9-:::
22-23g, cli-ng
diy, Ia th~ng,
cao trung hinh,
hong dai
2
H30
gen 51130
P 1000 h9t :
22-23g, cli-ng
diy, Ia thing,
cao trung Mnh,
hong dlli.
3
H22
gen 5122

P 1000 hot:
27g, h91 bllu,
18.lo-n, than
to.
16
Lai
-
Cha
HZ2
O"
en
~
I
"
t1 , "'.
PI000 h(>t:
27g,than to,
hi to, thap,
cay, bong
ng~n.
HI
gen 511
PI000 h9t :
27g, than to,
hi to, thap
cay, hong
"-
ligan.
£5
gen 51e5

PIOOO :
23-24g,
h91 dai, la
nho, than
cli-ng.
f)~e c1i~m
cay con
A30
gen 51ho
PIOOO h9.~:
24-25g, drug
cay, 1£-;;hing,
eao -;;runghinh,
hong dai.
A32
gen 511
PIOOOh91 :
26g, eli-ngeay,
la thing, eao
trung biBb,
bong dai.
22A
gen 5hz
PIOOO:
24-25gh91bllu
dai, la nho,
than eli-ng.
24A
O"en 51 , ,
0 .""""

P 1000 :
23-24g, h9t dai,
Iii nho, than
eli-ng.
Hi~u qua SX
cua giong.
dong Ilia m&!
Tho-i gian sinh
tn.ro-nO' 100
0
ngay h9t nhicu,
h
A
I
, ."
91 O'n, bem
Dang naug
iuat cao.
Tho-igian sinh
tmo-ng dU'o-i
100 ngay, bong
nhieu h9t. h9t
lo-n. nang
'"'-
sua. cao.
Tho-igian sinh
tm o-ng<l00
ngay, h9t lo-n,
" '"'
Dang suat caD

Tho-i gian sinh
tnro-ng dU'o-i
100 ngay. h9t
dai, ligon cO'm
C. NH(rNG BIEUHr~N DI TRlJYEN Mal (; GIaNG Mar
DO LAl 2 BOT BIEN:
Lai 2 dQ"tbien H22 va Es dil t~o chl'Q'e2 giong m&i : 22A
va 24A v&i dae di~m sinh hoc mo'i khae eha me : Cay cao ho'n.
b
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h
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l
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h
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ong ual O'n, 19t n. leuO'n Dang .J,
BANG 5 :. Tom t~t nhl'rng bi~u hi~n Vll'Q't0- giong m&i 22A, 24A
khi lai 2 dQtbien H22 vaEs
.
Ghi chli
Gell Sl22
Gell Sles
,

~ ca 2 dQt bien va 2 giong m&i deli eo tho'j gian sinh
tnro'ng nlm nhau 96 -97 ng?ty,
G
""
22A
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h
1
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d
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4A
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- lOng' . co ~t>au ai, eon pong:"', co ~t cIal
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1ap an t l! neu,
Nhll' v~y, co nhl'rng bi~u hi~n Vll'9't 0' con lai (cae giong mM
22A va 24A) so v&i 2 <19t.hien cha m~ H22 va E5
'
Cuoi cling, d~ ti~n theo di5i chung ve cae (19tbien cha m~
va con lai (giong t~o thanh), chung toi ttng hQ'p cae ket qult -chi

nghi~m (blmg 6) V\lhe thu 1987 (M17 F7)
17
B&tbien I Can city I Do; bOng I H(\t I
. (em) (em) bong I
-'
H22
I
64,55
I
18,32 I
90,63 I
Es
I 68,6
I
19,94 !
90,92 !
22A
I
75,60
I 21,45 I
94,75 i
24A
I
75,0
I
21,52 i
I
i
I
I

i
i
CHtrO'NG II1
Y NGHiATRUCliEN LOAcAeGIONCLOAHU BOTBIENMffl
. .
San dteh ray nail 1978, nhieu giong Ilia m6i eo gen kluing
ray nauchling 2 GilGll'cre Gll'a vao san xuat, thay cae giong cli
khong eo gen khang.
Cae giong lUa m6i do GilGucreslm xuat r(}ngtrong hO'n 10
Dam qua: 3A, 6A, 7A, 9A, 4B, IR 8423 va cae giong eo tri~n vQng
xuat khilu m6i IR64, IR66, IR68, IR74
Trong GOgiong IR 8423, trong Dam 1988 Gilall'crc san xuat
tIeD di~n tieh 1,5 tri~u ha, giong 9A : 400 nglm ha, eon cae giong
khae khoang 200 ligan ha nhu 3A, 6A Cae giong lUa IR64, IR66,
IR68 va IR74 cling GangQucrc san xuat nhieu cho xuat khiiu.
Cae giong Ilia Iai G(}tbien m6i eo tinh khang ray nail eao,
cling Gucrc Qua vao khao nghi~m va san xuat so sanh v6i cae
giong lUaquoe gia va quoe te lieUtren.
C
'
h
?'" ~ " '"
k
'" ?
1
,
h 1
0 t e tom tat mQt so et qua c nn n 1U san :
1. Cae giong: A20, A8 va 22A eo Dang suat Vll'crt nhieu
giong Ilia khae.

BANG8: Nang suat eae giong lUagom 36 thi nghi~m Ham 1987
1988 eae V\lGongxuan, he tlm va mua t~i tr~i Iua Hi~p
Hoa va m~ng Iu6i (yeae huy~n dnh Bong Nai.
18
Nang Buat (kg/ha)
Bong xuiin I He thu
Mila
Giong (8 hi nghim) (14 thi nghim)
(14 thi Dghim)
6A
4152 4121
3901
lR 64
5081 4350

IR 8423
5623 5101
5002
IR13240-39-3
5066
4996 4427
9A
4502 4249

A20
5355 5288
5029
A8
6390 5987
6070

22A
6150
5975 5724
LSDo,O5=40,48 LSDo,O5=4lS,33
LSDo.O5=353;90
Qua b;mg 8 co th~ thtiy au,!c, Bang suat cae gioag A20, A8
,
22A
N ??
3
ot" "
h
'
h
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h
' ?
va ' rat cao er ca Vl},uong xu~n, e t u va mua, c u'ng to
tfnh thich nghi cae mua V\l riLt I6on; .
, Tho-i gian sinh tl1io-ng cae giongIlia uQt bien m&i bang ho~c
s6om hern cae giong dang slm xuatva so'm ho'n 8A nhieu (hang 7
0- ehuo'ng II),
2. Cae giongIlia 24A, 26A,28A w)oih(>tdai va rat dai (tuo'ng
~ ' 'N' '"
l
'
I
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)
" ," *- v ,,0

uuO'ng cae glOng xuat ClaU mO'l VO'! hem Bung Dang snat eao.
B
1'
NG
'
9
S
'
h
v "" ".,
I
'
I
"""'
b
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l
A
d
"
.f\. :. 0 san Bang suat cae glOng ua al w}t leu mo'! 1<)t a!
. " ".,
I
, ,., ,N , J,A "
FI
'
1
ver! glOng na quoe Ie qua cae V\1~Dong xuan- e t 1U-
Mua tr~i Ilia Hi~p Hoa 1987-1988.
Nang Built (kglhaJ

Bo,?g I He thu I Mila
xuan
Kich thmi'c hgt g?O
Chien dAi hgt
I
Tll~ C,dai D?ug
g?O (m/m) IC, rgng I hgt gl}o

6,98::t0,14 3,19
h9t dai
6,70::t0,18 I 3,13. I h9t dai
6,74+0,1~ : 3,14 1h?~d~~
7,05+0,1;:> I 3,26 ,h9Ldm
{\>IR 13240-39-3 (L9) : Giong slm xuat chu I\!,c cua dnh
Bong Nai trno'c nam 1989. .
Trong aieu ki~n dnh Bong Nai, cac giong Ilia h~t dai cua
qnoc te: IR64" IR66, IR68, IR74 rat kho thiGh nghi , khong san
xnat ri}ng aU'9'c, con cae giong Ilia 24,A, 26A, 28A thl thiGh nghi
,.", 3?A? '"
rat n;mg, ue san xuat. ,
.' 3. CaegiongIlia lai aQtbiet ma-i,co tfnh thiGhnghi moi
'trnc>'llO' rono' :
b . b ?
. - Khang phen : 0' huy~n Long Thanh tinh Bong Nai A20,
A8. eh!u phen vU"!t IR 84,23 nen aU',!c san xuat ri?ng.
19
IR 64 14850 13210IR1324,0- 4680 4530 I4120
39-3 *
24A
5250 5160 5040

26A
5290 5280
5230
28A
5800
5740 5633
LSDo,O5
LSDo,O5LSDo,os
=84,33 =91,27 =94,28
Kh
'
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"~"
h
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I
,
b
"' ,., ' ,
- , ang c u.'1, Cl~U uat t leu an: vung veil len uat cnua
ngheo Ian cua tinh Thai Binh, A20 phat tl'i~u Mnh thU"o-ngGift
v"
IR
84
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h
kh
' " A ""

h
"
Dang gnat cao so ~v co tmang yell lien t1'o oa rat mu~m,
Dangsuat thap (tai Ii~utnmg tam ky thu~t Dongnghi~p T. Thai mnh).
- Khang phen m~n: Huy~n CMu Thanh tinh Bong Nai A20,
A8 phat tri~n tot trong dieu ki?n plIeDm~n cua huy~n.
- Ch!l1h~n: Ph\lC hoi nhanh so cac giong khae san khi hl}.n.
- Vi?n di truyen Dongnghi~p (B9 Dong nghi~p) eJiiaU"av~lO
h
'
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oA ? "",,
I
,
A20
' , ct"
kh
'
kh
v ,I-"
t 1 ng l«;m san KHat gJOng ua cae vung uat 0 an; uat
b
'itA"
h
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d
(H
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H
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PI
'
~c man, uat cat p a va vung trung n a ae, al }Ong.
Ha Nam Ninh, Vlnh Phli, Ha S&n mnh) den d~t ket qua 'I;otso
v6-i giong Ilia IR8423.
4. Cae giong Ilia Iai Giltbien nuh co tlnh khang sau bfnh caD.
Tir nam 1980 khi (111"<!econg nh~n Ia giong khu Vl!Cboa :
8A dB:dm!c so saHlIky v6-iIR 8423 ve tlnh khang san b~nh ehlnh.
~~~ Tlnh khang mi)tsosaub~nheuagionglUa8Ava IR8423. ~
Giong Ilia i Rliy nan I B~c Iii I Born nanl Bt}oon IKho vAn San C,uon1a
~ I
I
*Tai 1i~u Vi~n lUa Bong Bhg Song Girl! Long 1980 (cae so
Ia cap b! h~i),
Qua bang 10. ehu-ng 10giong 8A khang caDcae IOlfisau b~nh
so lR 8423.
Trong 3 Dam 1987, 1988, 1989 theo doi cac chi lieu sau
b~nh 0. cae giong Ilia lai Q{)~bien m<)oiA20, A8, 22A, 24A, 26A
va 28 A thl thay duh khang luon caD han lR 8423. B~c bi~t la
tlnh khang; r:iy Danrat cao va nhi~m alfo on nh~ han IR8423 nhi~u.
Bien nay, chu-ng
to cae giong Ilia lai Gi)1bien m6-i v~ din
ban vlrgiir dmrc genotip khang cua 8A.
Trong cae Dam 1987 -1989 cae giong Ilia lai dQt bien m6-i
dii dmre thl nghi~m va slm xuat rQng 0. cae huy~n th! eua trnh
Bong Nai vo'i Dang 5uai cao 5-6 tanfha va cao han ho~e ngang
v6-imITenang suat cua giong lUa IR 8423 (CR.203).
8A

IR8423
RK
HK
3
7
4
7-9
7~91
3
5-7
20
CHUO'NG IV
BIEN LUANvA KEYLUAN
BEXUAT.PHU'ffNt HU'ffNGGIAIOUYET
VANfiE liEf Jut
.
A. BItN LU;).N VA KET I,u.~N :
<Eo BI:f;N LU~N :
Elm chat di truyen cua cac dQt bien chIn so'm con It GU'qc
nghien cuu va v&i ket qua rat khac nhau: do do'n gen l~n
(DERYDASI-IING-1986, KAWAI-1977) : do mOt h~ thong
gen (NARAHARI -1988) ; do gen trQi E ch!u tac dOng tang
cU'o-ng cua mOt gen l~n m khac (TSAI-KDO-HAI -1985). Ba
nhom GQt bien ehIn so-m tIT giong Ilia 8A khong b! earn quang
h
k
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h
' N, , \,
h

" ct" '
}
?
C U Y nay gom : C In rat sO'm, sO'm va 0'1so'm ueu co )an
chat di truyen Go'n gen trQi va 5 gen dOt bien chIn so'm Ctuhom
I
I
';}"
I
DA
b
" N
h
' , N C!-
d I
d d
" "
a Hong a en. 179t leu c In sO'm rat ua :;tugn urng, 0 1truyen
GO'n gen trQi, nen d~ dang tluycn l<:1i0. h~n the cay lai vo'i tho'i
gian sinh tl'U'o'ng khong h! bien c1&iso v&i dQt bien kho'i (tau, Cae
GOt bien chin so'm v6-i di truyen clO'n gen t1'Oiaa la C9i nguC3n cua
A'NoN
1
'
1
"!'A
]
"" 04 "C!-
h
"A , ,

ID9t so glOng ua 31 uQt nen ngan ngay eo UU'Q"Ctrong ng len CUDnay,
T
"N ~ "t""
k
"" 1 '"'
h
' '"
h
' ;},'
h
lec rang, VI OIeU '911 L10'1 glaD C ling tOl c U'a xa~ u!n
" ,ot,
h
" '
d
" " ?,
h
' / , ,-, /
Gll'qc IDOl quail ~ ve 1 t1'uyen cua cae gen c In so'm ]lay. "",ac
ket qua nghien cuu clingcom?t so ai~mkhacv&icacviegiadalieU,
T
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0" 'N
1
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IRRI
'

d
l~
d
/
In t ap cay O' nl1eu grong ua cua.J. 0 gen "ztn S'l co
alen t1'Oi (diy cao) SDl. Ngdfti 1'a cac gen thap cay l~n khac
sth, Sd4, aeu co alen trOi tU'O'ngung.
Lai 2 giong thap cay (80cm) y&i gen l~n khac nhau :
sd1 Sdi X sdX2 SdX2aa nh~n dU'qe mOt so cay thap nhlf cha
ID~va mOtso hrqng lo'n caccay rat cao (130 170cm) 0. F2
(NARAHARI - 1988) ao 1a do co cac genotip trQi, aC3ngva
d! hqp tii- m&i :
SD1 SD1 SDX2 SDX2 , SD1 sd1 SDXz sdX2.
Trong IDgitmung hQ"pcao cay la di truyen trQi so v6-i thap
21
"
B
.
0
.'"
b
'" A . A '
h
'
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1
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cay a 91 len caD cay trong cong tnn nay t ;l nglrq-c ~l no ell
truyen aan gen l~n so vo-i tlnh thap diy la trQi. Bieu nay chi co

th~ giai thich gen sd1 0-3 d:Qtbien cao cay etamat ho1].taQng.
Giong lUa 8A do co nhieu nhlrq-c a:i~mve Dang suat va tho-i
gian sinh trlf(yng, Den <1a:mat
j nghla trong san xuat, trong 10
<1Qtbien chin so-m nh~n alrq-c cling co lllQt so aQt bien ki~u cay
'V"abong phu hq-p vo-i san xuat, nhlrng Dang;suat ding chlra nrqt
dang k~ 80 vo-i cac giong quoc gia, quoc te.
Tuy nhien khi Iai giira 2 <1Qtbien ho~c aQt bien v&i giong
,
8A
1
, '"
h
""
h
-
d
' "
d
x
d
' ~
h
'
h
goc , t n xuat H;n n ung :.tnguu tu va e ang tra t an
giong mo-i. P'u di'~m nBi b~t cua cac giong lUa Iai d:Qtbien m&i
la co tiem nang Dangsuat cao. Neu nhlr cae giongIlia SA, 3.1\va
6A co muc Dang suat 4-5 tan/ha thl cac giong Ilia Iai aQt bien
aa thrqc Dang Ien mQt mITc ve Dang suat : 5

- 6 tan/ha ho~c
cao hun, bang v&i mITc Dang suat cua giong Ilia hang (t/iu
IR 8423 (CR. 203).
Do do, vi~c Iai cac GQt bien co j nghla rat quail tr9ng.
Tiec rang chling toi chI mo-i Iai aem neu lai keF thl k~t qua con
co th~ bat ngo- hall.
Chi co mQt trdrng hgp Iai 3 (A20 X H22) IDaaa Dang rat
caD v~t Ii~u ch9n giong (t1;1odong Ilia m&i A30).
Lai giira 2 GQtbien, co Ie khong phiii chI co Sf! ket hgp
cac G~Cai~m mong muon cua 2 eha lift ma con co sf! tac agng
tlrang hB cua cae gen aQt bien trong genotip cay lai m&i
(MICKE - 1976 ; MDSAEV, ALMATOV - 1987).
Bieu nay bi~u hi~n ro nhii't 0- 2 giong Ilia Iai GQtbien 22A
va 24A vo'i nhirng d~c 8i~m hlnh thai mo'i augc DangcaD han
so vo-i 2 dQl bien rieng re : H22va E5 ' .
Nghiell CUll ky hall ve tac GQng tlrang hi) gen GQt bien
trong cay Iai se COIlnhien
j nghla Ij thuyet va thf!c ti~n. Tiec
~ ""
h
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}
'
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h h
'" ",.+,?", "
h
.
rang Vl~C llg leu cuu cua c lUllg tO1 con :.tn c e ve (Hem nay, C 1
co alr<!c nh~n xet chung 18.con Iai eua cae <1Qtbien co nhieu

hi~u qua Vlrgt trQi.
22