Tác động của một số yếu tố khách quan đến kỹ năng tổ chức thực hiện quyết định quản lý của chủ tịch ủy ban nhân dân xã, phường

TAC DONG CUA MOT SO YEU TO
K H A C H QUAN DEN KY NANG
TO C H L ; C THUC HIEN QUYET DjNH
QUAN LY CUA CHU TjCH
UY BAN N H A N D A N XA, PHUONG
ThS. Nguy§n Thanh Giang

Vien Chinh tri hpc - Hgc vien Chinh tri Qudc gia Hd Chi Minh.
,

TOM T A T

Sif hinh thdnh vd phdt trien ky ndng td chifc thuc hien quye't dinh qudn ly ciia
chil tich iiy ban nhdn ddn xd, phudng phu thugc vdo nhieu ye'u td chii quan vd khdch
quan. Trong bdi bdo ndy chiing tdi nghien cifu sif tdc dgng cua cdc ye'u td khdch quan
gom: cdng ldc ddo tgo, boi difdng chuyen mdn, nghiep vu; chidd, chinh sdch ddi ngo;
sif chi dgo sdt sao vd quan tdm giiip dd diing miic ciia cdp tren; ndng luc, tinh thdn
trdch nhiem cao vd sit tgn tuy vdi cdng viec ciia cdn bd, cdng chifc dudi quyen khi
Ihuc hien quyit dinh qudn ly. Ket qud nghien cdu cho thdy, cdc yeu td khdch quan cd
ldc ddng tuang ddi mgnh den chieu hudng phdt trien ky ndng td chifc thuc hien quyet d
qudn ly ciia chu tich iiy ban nhdn ddn xd, phudng.
Til khoa: Ky ndng; Ky ndng td chifc thuc hien; Quye't dinh qudn ly; Chii tich
liy ban nhdn ddn xd, phudng.
Ngdy nhdn bdi: 28/3/2014; Ngdy duyet ddng bdi: 25/7/2014.

1. Dat van de
Chil tich uy ban nhan dan xa, phudng la ngudi dting ddu, giU vai tro
quan trgng trong viec quan ly nha nudc vd kinh te, van hda, xa hdi, an ninh
qud'c phdng... d dia phuong. De lam tdt vai trd lanh dao, quan ly cua minh, doi
hdi chil tjch uy ban nhan dan xa, phudng phai khdng ngirng nang cao nang luc
lanh dao, quan ly, dac biet la nang luc to chiic thuc hien quydt djnh quan ly.

Cac cdng trinh nghien cdu gdn day da chi ra thuc trang nang luc ciia ddi ngu
can bd chii chdt cap xa ndi chung, ddi ngu chii tich iiy ban nhan dan xa,
phudng noi rieng cdn bgc Id nhidu ban chd, ba't cap. Kdt qua nghien ciiu nang

TAPCHITAMLyHOC. Sd8fl85y 8 2014


luc td chtrc thuc tiSn ciia d6i ngii can bo chii chd't cSp xa cho thSy, chi co 55,7%
s6 can bO chu chflt cap xa tJat miJc dfl kha, 30,4% - dat mile dfl trung binh va
12,2% - a mile ySit (1). Nghien ciSu mdi day cua chiing toi trong de tai "Nhung
doi hoi mdi v6 nang Iuc ciia chii tich uy ban nhan dan xa (qua nghien ciiu cac
tmcmg hop 6 dflng bang sflng Hflng)" ciing cho ke't qua tuong tu. Cu th^ la nang
luc tfl chiic thuc hien cac chii truong, ducfng Ifl'i va chinh sach ciia Dang va Nha
nuoic ciia chti tich iiy ban nhan dan xa chl dat ci mile dfl trung bmh kha (DTB = 3,67
tren thang di^m 5) (2).
Cd nhilu nguyen nhan dan de'n thuc trang tren, mflt trong nhiing nguyen
nhan quan trong la ky nang (6 chile thuc hien quye't dinh quan ly ciia chii tich
iiy ban nhan dan xa, phucmg con nhieu han che'. Do vay, viec nghien cuu mflt
sfl yeu tfl anh hucmg den ky nang td chile thuc hien quye't dinh quan ly cho chii
tich uy ban nhan dan xa, phucmg la clln thi^t. Day la mot cflng viec khd khan va
phiic tap, bcri cd nhilu ye'u tfl' chu quan va khach quan anh hucmg. Tren co s6
khao sat so bfl danh gia cua dfli ngO can bfl chii chfl't xa, phucmg ve nhiing ye'u
tfl c6 anh hucmg de'n ky nang td chile thuc hien quye't dinh quan ly, chiing toi di
sau tim hilu mot sfl' ye'u tfl' khach quan cd anh hucmg nhieu nha't tdi ky nang td
chile thuc hien quylt dinh quan ly cua chii tich iiy ban nhan dan xa, phu6ng.
2. Khach the va phuong phap nghien ciiru
Phuong phap chinh dugc sir dung trong nghien cilu nay la dieu tra bang
bang hoi, phong va'n sau va thao luan nhdm.
Tdng sfl mau nghien cilu dinh lugng la 101 chu tjch iiy ban nhan dan xa,
phucmg tren dia ban thanh phfl Hd Chi Minh; mSu phong va'n sau va thao luan

nhdm la 25 ngufli (10 chu tjch iiy ban nhan dan xa, phucmg; 5 can bfl lanh dao
ca'p quan, huyen; 5 can bfl cflng chile xa, phucmg va 5 quit chting nhan dan).
Th6i gian khao sat duge tie'n hanh tiJ thang 11 - 12/2013.
Mau khao sat dinh lugng dugc phan bfl theo bang dudi day:
Bdng I: Ddc diem mdu khdch the nghien ciiu

1

2

Soluong

Ty le %

Nam

68

67,3

Nil

33

32,7

<35

28

27,7

TCt 36 - 40

49

48,5

>40

24

23,8

Tieu chi

TT
Gidi tfnh

Tu6\ d6i

TAP CHl TAM If HOC, Sfl 8 (185), 8-2014

67


3

Tham ni6n c6ng tac

Dudi 15 nam
TLC

4

Trinh do hoc van

5

Trinh do chinh tri

6

Dia ban

15 nam trd ISn

60

59,4

41

40,6

Ctrnhan

66

65,3

Sau dai hoc

35

• 34,7

Trung c^p

37

36,6

Cao cSp

42

41,6

Cir nhan

22

21,8

Xa

34

33,7

Phudng

67

66,3

'

Co 4 yeu td khach quan duoc gia thuye't la cd tac ddng de'n ky nang td chiJc
thuc hien quyet dinh quan ly cua chii tich iiy ban nhan dan xa, phudng bao gdm;
cdng tac dao tao, bdi dudng chuyen mdn, nghiep vu cua Dang va Nha nudc ddi
vdi chil tich iiy ban nhan dan xa, phudng; chd dd, chfnh sach dai ngd cua Nha
nudc ddi vdi chii tich uy ban nhan dan xa, phudng; su chi dao sat sao va quan
tam giiip dd dung miic cua cap tren dd'i vdi chu tich uy ban nhan dan xa,
phudng; nang luc, tinh than trach nhiem va su tan tuy vdi cdng viec cua can bd,
cdng chiic dudi quydn khi thuc hien quyet dinh quan ly.
Do tin cay cua cac thang do nhu sau:
- Thang do ydu td: "Cdng tac dao tao, bdi dudng chuyen mdn, nghiep vu",
vdi 6 item, dd tin cay (Cronbach s Alpha) = 0,62,
- Thang do ydu td: "Chd dd, chfnh sach dai ngd", vdi 5 item, dd tin cay
(Cronbaehs Alpha) = 0,61.
- Thang do ydu td: "Su chi dao sat sao va quan tam giup do dting miic
cua cap tren", vdi 6 item, do tin cay (Cronbaehs Alpha) - 0,62.
- Thang do ydu td: "Nang luc, tinh than traeh nhiem cao va su tan tuy
vdi cdng viec cua can bd, cdng chiic dudi quyen khi thuc hien quydt dinh quan
ly", vdi 6 item, dd tin cay (Cronbaehs Alpha) = 0,64.
Mdi item cd 5 phuong an tra ldi tti "hoan toan khong dong y" (tuong
duong 1 didm) de'n "hoan toan ddng y" (tuong duong 5 diem). Diem trung binh
cang gan 1 thl miic dd bidu hien cua ndi dung duoc do cang ye'u; cang gan 5 thi

mtic dd bieu hien cua noi dung dugc do cang ro.
3. Ket qua nghien cihi
3.1. Khdi qudt chung ve mgt sd yeu td khdch quan tdc dgng den ky.
ndng td chitc thitc hien quyet dinh qudn ly cua chu tich uy ban nhdn ddn xd,
phudng
TAP CHI'TAM LV HOC, Sd 8 (185), 8 - 2014


3.1.1. Cong tdc ddo tgo, boi duong chuyen mdn, nghiep vu cua Ddng vd
Nhd nudc dr'ii vcri chu tich uy ban nhdn ddn xd, phucmg
Hoat dflng lanh dao, quan ly la hoat dflng vUa mang tinh Ichoa hoc vira
mang li'nh nghe thuat. Do dd, ngucti lanh dao, quan ly phai cd mgt trinh dfl hgc
vSfn nha't dinh va phai dugc dao tao v^ chuyen mfln nghiep vu lam cong tac lanh
dao, quan ly.
Bdng 2: Cong tdc ddo tgo, bdi dudng ehuyen mon, nghiep vu cua Ddng vd
Nhd nudc ddi vai chit tich uy ban nhdn ddn xa, phudng

Cac bieu hien

Mirc do

^^\^

Cac phuong an tra ldi (%)
Co
Sai
phan
Hoan
Dung
nhieu dung,

toan
nhieu
hon
CO
sai
hon sai
dung phan
sai

STB
(DLC)

Thu
hang

III

^\_^

1. H6 thd'ng phuang phap dao tao,
b6i dirdng cac khoa hoc cho chii
tich xa, phudng hcfp If

0,0

0,0

24,8

75,2

0,0

3,75
(0,43)

3

2. Cha't luong giang vian cdc Icfp
d&o tao, bdi dudng tdt (co nhi^u
kie'n thu'c \f lu9n va kinh nghifim
thirc tiln trong lanh dao, quan ly)

0,0

0,0

80,2

19,8

0.0

3,80
(0,40)

1

3. Thcfi gian dao tao, b6i dirotig
haply

0,0

0,0

48,5

51,5

0,0

3,51
(0,50)

6

4. Chil tich xa, phudng dugc dao
tao, b6i dudng thudng xuySn vi
kifi'n thiJc va ky nang lanh dao,
quan ly

0,0

0,0

34,7

65,3

0,0

3,65
(0,47)

4

5. Ndi dung dao lao, b6i dudng ca
vi ly thuye't va thuc hanh ky nang

0,0

0,0

22,8

77,2

0,0

3,77
(0,42)

2

5. Di^u kien, trang thie't bi cho viec
hoc tap dam bao Irong mdi khoa
boc

0,0

0,0

43,6

56,4

0,0

3,56
(0,49)

5

DTB thang do

3,67
(0,22)

Bang 2 cho tha'y, didm trung binh bidu hien ciia tat ca cac ndi dung trong
cdng tdc dao tao, bdi dudng chuyen mdn, nghiep vu cua Dang va Nha nudc ddi
vdi chil tich iiy ban nhan dan xa, phudng ddu d miic ldn hon 3, nhung nhd hon 4.

TAPCHITAMLVHOC. Sd8 (185), 8 - 2014

69


Didm trung binh chung cua ca 6 ndi dung cua cdng tac dao tao, bdi dudng la
3,67. Nhu vay, cd thd ndi nhin chung chu tich iiy ban nhan dan xa, phudng
danh gia vd cdng tac dao tao, boi dudng nghiep vu nghieng vd phia tich cue.

Ne'u chia ddi khoang each giiia diem 3 (trung binh) va didm 4 (kha, theo nghia
kha phu hop) ta co hai khoang tijf 3,00 de'n 3,50 va 3,51 de'n 4,00. Khoang didm
thti nhat duoc coi thuoc vd mtic trung binh. Khoang diem thii hai duoc coi la
thudc miic kha. Ndu nhu vay, nhin vao bang 2 thi tha'y, ca 6/6 ndi dung cua
cdng tac dao tao, boi duong chuyen mdn nghiep vu ddi vdi chu tich iiy ban
nhan dan xa, phudng d mtic kha phd hop. Trong dd, cac noi dung duoc chu tich
iiy ban nhan dan xa, phudng danh gia phii hop nha't la; "Chdt luang gidng vien
cdc ldp ddo tgo, bdi dudng tdt (co nhieu kie'n thtic ly ludn vd kinh nghiem thuc
tien trong ldnh dgo, qudn ly)" (DTB: 3,80) va "Ngi dung ddo tgo. boi dudng cd
ve ly thuyet vd thuc hdnh ky ndng" (DTB: 3,77).
Noi dung "Didu kien, trang thie't bi cho viec hpc tap dam bao trong m6i
khoa hoc" va "Thdi gian dao tao, bdi dudng" ft hop ly hon vdi didm trung binh
lan luot la 3,56 va 3,51. Nhin nhan theo ty le % cho tha'y khdng cd mSu khach
the nao danh gia d miic do hoan toan hop ly d cac ndi dung trong cdng tac dao
tao, bdi duong chuyen mdn nghiep vu ddi vdi chu tich iiy ban nhan dan xa,
phudng. Trong thao luan nhdm cd tdi 8/10 ngudi cd nhan xet giang vien trong
cac khda bdi dudng cd trinh dd ly luan va thuc tidn, d ho cd su trai nghiem thuc
td trong viec giai quyet cac tinh hudng tu" co sd, nen trong cac bai giang da
cung ca'p cho hoc vien nhieu bai hoc bd ich. Tuy vay, vd phuong phap giang
day, giang vien cdn thien vd thuyet tnnh la chu ydu. Mdt chu tich iiy ban nhan
dan cho bidt: "Phdn ddng gidng vien vdn su: dung phucmg phdp truyeri thong,
chua tgo duac sixc hdp ddn, cudn hiAt ngudi hgc tham gia thdo ludn, phdt bieu'y
kien..."- Viec bd tri thdi gian tap huan, dao tao cung cdn nhidu ba't cap, thudng
ddn vd cudi nam, nen chu ticb xa, phudng khd sap xdp thdi gian dd toan tam,
toan y theo hoc. Mot chu tich uy ban nhan xa d Binh Chanh cho rang; "Con
nhieu bdt cap, hgn che trong cdc chucmg trinh ddo tgo, boi dudng cdn bd nhu:
cao cdp ly ludn chinh tri, trung cdp ly lugn chinh tri, chuang trinh qudn ly
hdnh chinh nhd nudc hodc cdc chuang trinh cit nhdn hdnh chinh... ditac the
hien d ngi dung trdng ldp, thieu cap nhgt, thieu thie't thuc, tinh khoa hgc chua
cao, thdi luang chua phd hdp, phucmg phdp chgm dUdc ddi mdi v.v... ddn de'n

hieu qud chdt luang chua cao".
3.1.2. Che do, chinh sdch ddi ngo cua Nhd nudc ddi vdi chu tich uy han
nhdn ddn xd, phudng
Chd dd, chfnh sach dai ngd cua Nha nudc ddi vdi chii tich uy ban nhan
dan xa, phudng la mot trong nhting cdng cu dieu tie't cijc ky quan trong trong
cdng tac lanh dao, quan ly. Che' do, chi'nh sach dai ngd cd the tao ddng Iuc cho
chil tich iiy ban nhan dan xa, phudng nang cao trinh dd lanh dao, quan 1^,
70

TAP CHI'TAM LV HOC, Sd 8 (185), 8 - 2014


nhung cung cd thd kim ham hoac triet tieu cac ddng luc, can trd su phat tridn
cic ky nang lanh dao, quan ly.
Bdng 3: Chedd, chinh sdch ddi ngd cua Nhd nudc ddi vai
chu tich uy ban nhdn ddn xd, phudng
^N.

Cac bieu hien

Cac phuong an tra loi (%)
Co
Sai
phan
Hoan
Dling Hoan DTB
nhieu dung,
toan
nhieu toan (DLC)
hon

CO
sai
hon sal dung
dling phSn
^\^
sai

Mure dp

1. Che' dd, chinh sach dai ngo v^
bao hidm xa hdi, bao hidm y te' hap

0,0

0,0

26,7

73,3

0,0

2. Ch6' d6, chfnh sach dai ngo v^
lucmg hang thang hop ly

0,0

3,0

42,6

54,5

0,0

3. Che d6, chinh sach dai ngo v6 tro
ctfp chile vu hang thang hgp ly

0,0

3,0

49,5

/47,5

0,0

4. Che d6, chinh sach dam bao \i
ibi s6'ng tinh thSn, van hoa cho chii
tich xa, phucmg hop ly
5. Ch6' d6, chinh sach dai ng6 vi
ch^d6 nghi dudng hop ly

0,0
0,0

0,0
0,0

DTB thang do

28,7
25,7

71,3
74,3

3,73
(0,44)
3,51
(0,55)
3,44
(0,55)

Thir
hang

2
4
5

0,0

3,71
(0,45)

3

0,0

3,74
(0,43)

1

.3,62
(0,25)

V6i each tinh di^m tirong tii nhu trinh bay a muc 3.1.1 cho tha'y, che do,
chi'nh sach dai ng6 ciia Nha nude dO'i v6i chu tich uy ban nhan dan xa, phucmg
ve luong hang thang dugc danh gia chi dat miic trung binh (DTB: 3,51; DLC: 0,55),
tham chi dai ngO ve chile vu con b mile du6i trung binh (DTB: 3,44; DLC:
0,55). 6 mile kha hon la che dO dai ngO ve nghi duong, ve bao hilm xa hfli, bao
hi^m y te' cung nhu ve d&i sO'ng van hoa tinh than voi DTB ISn luot la: 3,74;
3,73 va 3,71. Thao luan va phong va'n sSu cho ke't qua tuong tu nhu so lieu dieu
tra, ta't ca chi tich iiy ban nhan dan xa, phucmg deu danh gia che' dO luong va
phu cap hang thing chua dap ling nhu cSu, chua thuc su la dong lire true tie'p
thuc d^y tinh ti'ch cue ciia ho. Chia se ciia mOt chu tich xa sau dJy giai thich
phin nao mirc d6 chua hai long cua ho ve che' do, ehinh sach dai ngo: "Chinh
sdch che dd ddi vdi edn bg, cdng chiic xd, phudng ndi chung, ddi vdi chii tich
uy ban nhdn ddn xd. phudng chua hpp ly, chua thirc su Idm ddng lire cho hogt
TAPCHI TAM ly HOC, S6' 8 (185), 8-2014


dgng cua hg. Tien luong chua du tdi thieu nudi sdng bdn thdn vd con nhd. Vi
the ddn den nhUng he qud thieii tap trung trong cdng viec ldnh dgo. qudn ly,
mgt bg phgn cdn bg tim cdch tdng them thu nhdp chinh ddng ngodi tien lUdng
cua minh...". Nhu vay, cac nha hoach dinh chtnh sach, cac cSp lanh dao cdn co
nhiJng giai phap trong didu chinh che' d5, chinh sach vd tidn luong, vd tro cS'p

chtic vu d6i vd^i d6i ngu can b6 cong chdc c^p xa noi chung, dO'i vdfi chu tich uy
ban nhan dan xa, phucfng noi rieng nham dam bao mu'c thu nhap co thd nu6i
sO'ng duoc cuOc sO'ng cua ban than va cua gia dinh ho nham kich thfch tfnh tich
ctjc cua dpi ngii can bO nay trong thuc thi cOng vu.
3.1.3. Su chi dgo sdt sao vd quan tdm giiip dd dung mitc cua cdp tren
ddi vdi chu tich uy ban nhdn ddn xd, phudng
Su chi dao sat sao va quan tam giiJp do dting mirc cua cSip tren la co %cs
he't stic quan trong de chu tich ijy ban nhan dan xa, phucmg co thd nang cao ky
nang to chtJc thuc hien quydt dinh quan ly. Day la ydu t6' khach quan chi ph6'i
triJc tie'p ddn suy nghi, y chi, cam xuc - tinh cam ctia chii tich iiy ban nhan dan
xa, phucfng. Trong qua trinh to chiic thiJc hien quydt dinh quan ly, chtj tich uy
ban nhan dan xa, phucfng lu6n gap phai nhiJng tinh huong mdi kho lucmg, kho
giai quydt, co nhung viec chti tich iiy ban nhan dan xa, phudng khOng dii th^m
quydn giai quydt, cung co nhiJng viec ngoai kha nang nhan thiic ciJa chu tich tiy
ban nhan dan xa, phucmg. Do vay, su quan tam chi dao, thao g5 khd khan ciia
cap tren se la yeu to quan trong giup chu tich iiy ban nhan dan xa, phucmg nhan
thtic dling quy luat khach quan cung nhu co nhan thiic diing vd chii truong,
ducmg lo'i ciia cap tren.
Bdng 4: Su chi dgo sdt sao vd quan tdm gidp dddung miic cUa cd'p tren
ddi vdi chu tich dy ban nhdn ddn xa, phudng
\^^

Cac bieu hien

Mlirc do

^\^

Cac phuong an tra Itri (%)
Co

Sai
phSn
Hoan
Diing Hoan DTB
nhieu dung,
toan
nhieu toan (DLC)
CO
hon
sai
hon sai dung
dung phan
sai

1. Thaong xuyen giam sat tinh hinh
ihiJc hien nhiem vu cung nhu tinh
Ihan thai d6 Iam vigc cija can bo,
cong chiic cap dual

0,0

2,0

9,9

78,2

9,9

2. Dua ra cac chi dao ro riing hop ly

0,0

0,0

28,7

63,4

7,9

3. San sang co nhung phuong an ho
tro khi cSn thiei

0.0

0,0

38,6

54,5

6,9

3,96
(0,52)
3,79
(0,57)
3,68
(0,59)

TAPCHITAML'CH0C,S6'8(I85).8

Thii
hang

1

4
6

2014


4. Nhanh chong chi dao thao go khd
khan mdc phai

0,0

0,0

32,7

64,4

3.0

3,70
(0.52)

5

5. Dong vien, khen thuong kip thd
nhang ket qua dat duac ciia dp
dudi

0,0

0,0

24,8

65,3

9,9

3,85
(0,57)

3

6. Hudng dSn ca'p du6i each tir giai
quyei va'n de trong qua trinh to chitc
thuc hien quyet dinh quan ly

0,0

0,0

26,7

59,4

13,9

3,87
(0,62)

2

DTB nhom

3,81
(0,29)

Ke't qua 6 bang 4 eho thay ca 6/6 noi dung the hien su quan tam chi dao
sat sao va su giup do dting miie eua ca'p tren danh eho ehu tich iiy ban nhan dan
xa, phucmg co di^m trung binh dao dong tit 3,68 de'n 3,96 va diem trung binh
Clia thang do la 3,81 (DLC: 0,29) tucmg iing vdi miic kha quan tam. Noi dung
"thucmg xuyen giam sat tinh hinh thuc hien ciing nhu tinh than thai do lam viec
ciia can bO, eong chirc cap du6i" duge danh gia kha cao (DTB: 3,96; DLC:
0,52). Thao luan nhom va phong van sau vcfi eau hoi: "Khi ehii tich iiy ban
nhan dan xa, phucmg gap phai nhiing tinh huo'ng phiic tap, kho xir ly thi co
nhan dugc nhirng chi dao ro rang, hgp ly ciia ca'p tren hay khdng?", cho tha'y ta't
ca chil tich iiy ban nhan dan xa, phucmg deu danh gia eao su quan tam ehi dao
kip thtii eiia ca'p tren true tie'p do'i viii nhtrng cOng viec quan trgng ciia xa,
phuoiig. Theo chit tieh uy ban nhan dan xa T.N. (Binh Chanh) thi hang thang,
hang quy deu eo cac cupc hgp giao ban v6i lanh dao uy ban nhan dan huyen d^
bao eao tie'n dfl thuc hien cac quyet dinh quan ly quan trgng tren dia ban cung
nhu xin y kie'n chi dao ciia ea'p tren trong xtt ly eac tinh huong nhay cam trong

qua trinh l6 chuc thuc hien eae quye't dinh quan ly cap tren giao. Dieu dd da
cung c6' khoi day tt'nh tich eye ciia can bg cap duoi cflng nhu ciia nhan dan tren
dia ban.
3.1.4. Ndng luc. linh than trdeh nhiem cao vd sir nin tuy vdi eong viec
Clia cdn hd, edng ehi'te dudi quyen khi thuc Men quye't dinh qudn ly
Hieu qua eiia hoat ddng lanh dao, quan ly noi chung, boat dgng td ehirc
thyc hien quye't dinh quan ly ndi rieng khong nhung phu thugc vao ban than
ngu6i lanh dao, quan ly, vao mfli trucmg, hoan canh diln ra hoat dgng lanh dao,
quan ly ma con phu thuoc rat nhieu vao nang lye, tinh than trach nhiem va sy
tan tuy vdi cOng viec cua can bg giup viec. Ne'u can bg ducSi quyen eo trinh do
phat triln eao ve nang luc, lam viec va eo tinh than traeh nhiem, tan tuy vdi
c6ng viec thi sc la dieu kien tot de' boat dgng td chirc thuc hien quye't dinh quan
ly CO hieu qua. Nguge lai, can bg dudi quyen kh6ng eo trinh dg nang luc,
kh6ng eo su tan tinh trach nhiem vdfi cong viec thi dii moi truiing, hoan eanh co

TAP CHf TAM Lt HOC SO'S (185), 8-2014

73


thuan loi nhieu di chang nita, ngucri lanh dao, quan ly co gioi di chang niJa thi
hoat dOng td chtic thtrc hien quye't dinh quan Iy cung se khOng dat ke't qua cao.
Bdng 5: Ndng lite, tinh thdn trdch nhiem vd su tgn tuy vdi cong viec
cua cdn bg, cong chiic dudi quyen khi thUc Men quyet dinh qudn ly
^\^

Cac bieu hien

Cac phuofng an tra Icri (%)
Co

Sai
phan
Dling Hoan DTB Thuf
Hoan
nhieu dung,
nhieu toan (DLC) hang
toan
CO
hon
hon sai dung
sai
dung phdn
^^^
sai

Miic do

1. Co su hi^u biet vi tinh hinh kinh te,
chinh tri, van hoa tai dia phuong

0,0

0,0

24,8

68,3

6,9

3,82
(0,53)

5

2. Co sir hieu biet ve quySn han va
nghia vu ciia can bS, c6ng chiic xa,
phucmg

0,0

0,0

9,9

83,2

6,9

3,97
(0,41)

1

3. Co long say me, hirng thu v6i c6ng
viec

0,0

0,0

32,7

64,4

3,0

3,70
(0,52)

6

4. Co trinh d6 chuyen mon, nghiep vu
(tir mirc kha tret len) theo ITnh virc
nganh nghe phu trach

0,0

0,0

24,8

65,3

9,9

3,85
(0,57)

4

5. Co y thiic to chiic ky luat

0,0

0,0

17,8

69,3

12,9

6. Co tac phong dan chii, sau sat dan

0,0

0,0

33,7

44,6

21,8

DTB thang do

3,95
(0,55)
3,88

(0,73)

2
3

3,86
(0,30)

Bang 5 cho tha'y, diem trung binh bieu hien cua ta't ca cac noi dung do
ve nang luc, tinh than trach nhiem va su tan ttiy vdi c6ng viec cua can bo, c6ng
cbiic du6i quydn khi thtJc hien quydt dinh quan ly chu ydu van b mtic Idti hon
3, nhttng nho hon 4. Didm trung binh thang do ciia ca 6 ndi dung bidu hien vd
nang luc, ph^m cha't la 3,86 (tren thang didm 5) tuong ting v6i miic kha. Trong
cac nOi dung bieu hien thi "stt hieu bie't ve quyen ban va nghia vu cua can bO,
cong chiic xa, phucfng" va "co y thtic t6 chtic ky luat" dugc danh gia kha cao
vdi didm trung binh lan lugt la 3,97 va 3,95. Su hidu bidt vd quydn han cung
nhu y thiic t6 chdc ky luat la nhung ph^m cha't ra't quan trgng doi v6i m6i can
bp cong chiic trong thuc thi cong vu. Neu dpi ngu can bd cong chu'c khdng cd
hidu biet day du vd quydn ban, vd nghTa vu va khOng c6 y thu'c ky luat se khd
TAPnHllAMLtHOC. S 6 ' 8 f l 8 ' i V 8

9014


hoan thanh dugc nhiem vu cua minh, tham chi con gay ra nhiing tdn that
nghiem trgng khi lam quyin hoac thuc hien khOng he't trach nhiem eiia minh.
Ngi dung "Co long say me, hiing thii v6i cflng viec" duge danh gia thap
hem so v6i nhtmg nfli dung khae. Ly giai dilu nay, phan 16n chii tieh iiy ban
nhan dan xa, phucmg diu cho rang co nhilu nguyen nhan nhu khdi lugng cflng
vile nhilu nhung che' dfl luong, thucmg rat thSp ehua kich thi'eh dugc tt'nh ti'eh

cue lao dflng d hg.
So sanh danh gia ciia cac nhom khach the khac nhau, ke't qua kilm dinh
T-test va One way ANOVA cho thiy, vl eo ban khflng cd su khac bill co y nghia
thfl'ng kl giOa cae nhom chit tich uy ban nhSn dan xa, phucmg khi danh gia vl
cac ye'u td khach quan tae dgng ky nang td ehiic thue hien quye't dinh quan ly
cua chu tich iiy ban nhan dan xa, phudng. Tuy nhien, tit goc dfl tham niln cflng
tac, cd su khae bilt. Nhdm chii tich iiy ban nhan dan xa, phudng cd tham nien
dudi 15 nam danh gia ye'u td "Ndng luc, tinh thdn trdch nhiem eao vd su ldn
my vol cong viec cua cdn bg. edng chicc dudi quyen khi thuc hien quye't dinh
qudn ly" cao hon so vdi danh gia ciia nhiing chu tieh Oy ban nhan dan xa,
phudng cd tham nien tren 15 nam vdi dilm trung binh lan lugt la: 3,85 va 3,74
(p < 0,05). Mflt chil tieh uy ban nhan dan xa cd 20 nam cflng tae eho bie't: "Mae
dil kie'n thu'c, trinh dfl cua dfli ngu can bg eflng chiie cap xa da dugc nang cao
dang ke, h^u hit diu cd trinh do til trung cap, cao dang trd len, song nang luc
giai quylt cflng vile cdn nhilu han ehe, mflt bg phan khong nhd ehua yen tam
cflng tac lau dai, van cdn tam ly chd dgi, dua vao ca'p tren"
3.2. Tdc dgng cua mgt so'yeu td khdch quan den ky ndng td chiirc thuc
hien quyet dinh qudn ly cua chii tich uy ban nhdn ddn xd, phudng
Ke't qua nghien cuu da chi ra ring: ky nang td chUc thyc hien quylt dinh
quan Iy eua ehii tieh iiy ban nhan dan xa, phudng la mflt ky nang phiie hgp, bao
gflm bfl'n nhdm ky nang thanh phfa cd mo'i lien he mat thiet vdi nhau: nhdm ky
nang lap ke' hoach td chu'c thuc hien quylt djnh quan ly; nhdm ky nang tao
dyng td chu'c (bfl may) thuc hiln quylt dinh quan ly; nhdm ky nang dilu khiln,
dilu chinh su van hanh eiia td chirc thuc hien quylt dinh quan ly va nhdm ky
nang kiem tra, danh gia viec thyc hiln quyet dinh quan ly (3). Vay, eae ylu td
khaeh quan nay cd mfl'i tuong quan nhu thl nao vdi ky nang td chitc thyc hiftn
quye't dinh quan ly va eac ky nang thanh phii eiia nd? Kit qua kiem dinh tuong
quan Pearson cho thay, cac ylu td khaeh quan dugc nghien ethi diu ed mfli
tucmg quan thuan, tuong dfli manh vdi ky nang td chire thyc hien quylt djnh
quan ly eiia chu tieh iiy ban nhan dan xa, phudng va cae ky nang thanh pljSn

cua nd (xem bang 6).
Trong 4 ye'u tfl tac dflng thi ylu td "Sir chi dgo sdt sao vd quan tdm gidp
da dung mirc cua cap tren" la cd tuong quan thuan manh nha't v6i ky nang td

TAP CHI'TAM LV HOC, SO' 8 (185), 8 - 2014

75


chiic thuc hien quyet dinh quan ly cita chu tjch iiy ban nhan dan xa, phudng.
Didu nay cd nghTa la, khi cap tren cang co su chi dao sat sao va quan tam giup
do kip thdi dd'i vdi chu tich uy ban nhan dan xa, phudng thi se cang gdp ph^n
thtic d^y nang cao ky nang td chiic thuc hien quydt dinh ctia hg. Ngugc lai, ndu
khdng CO su quan tam, giiip do cua cap tren thi mtic dd ky nang t6 chiic thuc
hien quyet dinh quan ly cua chu tich iiy ban nhan dan xa, phudng cung se kem di.
Bdng 6: Tuang quan giita cdc yeu td khdch quan vd ky ndng td chitc thuc hien
quye't dinh qudn ly cua chu tich uy ban nhdn ddn xd, phudng
Cac nhom ky nang thanh phan
Cac ye'u td

Nhom
KNI

Nhom
KN2

Nhom
KN3

Nhom

KN4
r

Ky nang to
chiic thuc
hien quyei
dinh quan ly
r

r

r

r

1. Cong tac dao tao, b6i duong
chuyen m6n, nghidp vu

0,51**

0,44**

0,46**

0,54**

0,56**

2. Chd'do, chinh sach dai ngo

0,40**

0,42**

0,44**

0,38**

0,47**

3. Sir chi dao sat sao va quan tam
giup dd dung miic cua ca'p tren

0,56*»

0,61**

0,58**

0,50**

0,65**

4. Nang luc, tinh Ih^n trach nhifim
cao va sir tSn tuy v6i c6ng vigc
ciia can bo, cong chiic duoi quy^n

0,34**

0,37**

0,46**

0,40**

0,45**

Ghi chii: r" kht p < 0,07," / ' khi p < 0.05; r Id he sd tuang quan nhi bien pearson;
Nhom KNI: nhom ky ndng lap ke hogch td chdc thuc hien quyet dinh qudn ly;
Nhdm KN 2: nhdm ky ndng tgo dung id chdc (bg mdy) thuc hien quye't dinh qudn ly;
Nhdm KN 3: nhom ky ndng dieu khien. dieu chinh su van hdnh ciia id chitc thifc hien quyet
dinh qudn ly;
Nhom KN 4: nhom ky ndng kiem tra, danh gid viec thuc hiin quyet dinh qudn ly.

Phan tfch hdi quy tuyen tinh cho tha'y, khi co su tac ddng dong thdi ca 4
yeu td se cd thd diJ bao dugc 59,9% su thay doi cua ky nang t6 chu'c thuc bien
quye't dinh quan ly ciia chii tich uy ban nhan dan xa, phudng. Khi tac ddng
rieng le, hau he't cac ydu td khach quan deu cd thd dir bao dugc miic dd thay ddi
ky nang to chiic thuc hien quydt dinh quan ly cua chu tich iiy ban nhan dan xa,
phudng mdt each cd y nghTa thd'ng ke. Ye'u Id' "StJ chi dao sat sao va quan tam
giiip dd dling miic cua cap tren" cd miic dp du bao cao nha't trong 4 yeu td tac
dgng, CO the giai thich tdi 43,2% sir bien doi ciia ky nang \.6 chiic thuc hien
quyet dinh quan ly cua chu tich uy ban nhan dan xa, phudng. Tidp de'n la ydu td'
"Cdng tac dao tao, boi duoTtg chuyen mdn, nghiep vu ciia Dang va Nha nudc
dd'i vdi chii tich iiy ban nhan dan xa, phudng" (du bao dugc 32,3%). Cac ydu td
TAPCHITAM LyHOC, 56 8(185). 8 2014


"Che dd, chi'nh sach dai ngd ddi vdi chu tjch uy ban nhan dan xa, phudng" va
"Nang luc, tinh t h ^ tracli nhiem cao va su tan ttiy vdi cdng viec cua can bd,

cdng chirc dudi quydn" du bao 6 mdc 1^ lugt la 22,9% va 21% su bien ddi ky
nang t6 chtic thtrc hien quy^t djnh quan ly cua chu tich uy ban nhan dan xa,
phudng.
Bdng 7: Tdc dgng cUa cdc yeu td khdch quan den ky ndng td chifc thuc hien
quyet dinh qudn ly cua chu tich uy ban nhdn ddn xa, phudng
Cac ky nang thanh phan

Ky nang t6 chiirc
thuc hien quye't
dinh quan ly
Thiir
R'
bac

Nhom
KNI

Nhom
KN2

Nhom
KN3

Nhom
KN4

R^

R'

R^

R'

I. C6ng tac dao tao, b6i
duSng chuy£n mon,
nghiep vu

0,261""

0,197"*

0,215"'

0,301*"

0,323'"

2

2. Che' d6, chfnh sach
dai ngo

0,163""

0,176"*

0,200***

0,149*"

0,229***

3

3. Su chi dao sat sao va
quan tam giup d5 dung
mirc ciia ca'p trSn

0,315"'

0,377'**

0,346"*

0,257***

0,432***

1

4. Nang luc, tinh than
trdch nhiem cao va su
tan tuy vdi cong viec
ciia can b6, c6ng chirc
ducri quy^n

0,120""

0,144*"

0,215*"

0,160'**

0,210*"

4

, 0,436"'

0,455**'

0,498*"

0,441'"

0,599'"

Cac ye'u t6'

* Chung cac ye'u to

Ghi dm: R^ la he sd hoi quy: "'khi p < 0,001

4. Ket luan
TO nhiJng kft qua nghien cuu, ed thl riit ra mOt sd ke't luan sau day:
•ve CO ban, khOng ed su khac biet ed y nghTa giiia cac nhom ehCi tich iiy
ban nhan dan xa, phudng khi danh gia ve cac ye'u td khach quan tac dong de'n
ky nang td chiic thuc hien quydt djnh quan ly.TOynhien, nhdm chu tich iiy ban

nhan dan xa, phudng ed tham nien dudi 15 nam danh gia "Nang luc, tinh than
trach nhiem cao va su tan tuy v6i cOng viee eiia can bo, cong chile dudi quyen
khi thuc hien quydt dinh quan ly" eao hon so vdi danh gia ciia nhOng chii tjch
iiy ban nhan dan xa, phudng cd tham nien tren 15 nam.

TAP CHI TAM ty HOC, Sd 8 (185), 8-2014

77


Ta't ca 4 ye'u to' khach quan dugc nghien cihi ddu co tac ddng de'n ky
nang td chiic thirc hien quyet dinh quan ly cua chii tich uy ban nhan dan xa,
phudng, trong dd yeu td "Sir chl dao sat sao va quan tam gitip dd diing miic ciia
cap tren" cd miic dd du bao cao nhat.
Chu thich
1. Nguydn Thi Tuyet Mai, Ndng cao ndng luc td chdc thuc tien ciia cdn bg chii chdt
cdpxd, NXB Chi'nh tri Qudc gia. Ha Noi, tr. 102 - 111, 2007.
2. Nguydn Thanh Giang (chu nhiem), Nhifng ddi hdi mdi ve ndng life ciia chii tich «y
ban nhdn ddn xd (qua nghien cicu cdc tritdng hap d ddng bdng sdng Hdng), D6 tai
khoa hoc cap ca sd nam 2012, Vien Chi'nh tri hoc - Hoc vien Chi'nh tri qud'c gia Ho
CM Minh.
3. Nguyen Thanh Giang, Ky ndng id chifc thuc hien quydt dinh qudn ly cita chu tich
iiy ban nhdn ddn xd, phudng, Tap chf Tam ly hoc, Sd 12/2013, tr. 78 - 89.

Tai lieu tham khao
1. Vu Dung, Tdm ly hoc xd hdi - mdy vdn di ly ludn, NXB Khoa boc xa bdi. Ha Noi,
1991,
2. Nguyen Ba Duong (chii bien), Gido trinh Tdm ly hgc ddnh cho ngifdi qudn ly, ldnh
dgo, NXB Chinh tri Qudc gia, Ha Noi, 2001.
3. U.I. Lebedev, A.I. Panov, Tdm ly xd hgi trong qudn ly. Tap bai giang ciia cac Giao

su Lien x6 tai Trudng Quan ly Trung uong, tap III, 1986.
4. Nguyin Thi Tuyet Mai, Ndng cao ndng life to chiic thifc tien cua cdn bd chu chdl
cdp xd, NXB Chfnh tri Qudc gia, Ha Noi, 2007.
5. Nguyen Thanh Giang, Ky ndng td chifc thifc hien quyet dinh qudn ly cua chu lich
iiy ban nhdn ddn xd. phudng. Tap chi Tam ly hoc, Sd 12/2013.

78

TAP CHI'TAM LV HOC, Sd 8 (185), 8 - 2014