Những giải pháp hạn chế áp lực cho nghề dạy học

DHJJMHQC

167-2016

15

NHONG GIAI PHAP HAN CHE AP Ll/C CHO NGHE DAY HOC
TS. PHAN T>1ANH MY - ThS. N G U Y I N CHI OJUHQ
Trfldng Dgi hpc K H X H & N V TP, H 6 Chi M m h

N

Pi den ^ Iflc li lam dio ngddi ta khdng khdi n ^ din sfl
d n g thai^ met mdi, lo au... Theo quan diem xi hpi hpc:
" j ^ tflc dflpc hieu 11 tlt d nhdng tic dpng cda edng vile,
dtri sdi^ gia dinh, d c moi quan h i tinh d m . . . mar^ d ^ cho con
ngfldi"[l].

Nhd didngta da b i ^ con ngudi la mpt thfle thl tfl nhiln mang dac
tinh x l hpL Sfl lln tai va phit triln cua eon ngfldi luin bi chi phli bdi
d e nhin to xi hpi va d c quy lugt x l hpi. XI hpi biln doi thl mil con
i^Ufri cui^ bien doi v l ngflpc lai, sfl phlt tii^ eiia moi d nhln lgi
trd tiiinh tiln d l cho sfl phit triln x i hpi, nhfl Karl Marx da ndi "ban
ehit con ngfldi Ii ting hda nhiii^ quan h i xa hpi". Chinh vi Iudn bj
ehi phoi bdi d e nhin to xa hpi vi quy lugt xa hpi nen moi i ^ d i , mdi
nginh nghl khie nhau deu cd nhflng ip Iflc tie dpng khic nhau. Ap
Ii^c din vdi moi ngfldi rat da dgng va td nhieu hddng: c6 the 11 nhflng
m S quan he m hp^ nhdng moi quan he trong cdng vile bgn be, gia
dmh; nhdng dil tilu, tilu diuln do ylu d u cPng vile ^ t r% td kinh
t l eupe song... eung eo the li nhiing nly sinh chinh td nhgn thdc d
nhln, mye tilu m l minh td d l ra v i phli dgt dflpc no. Nhfli^ khi da

e l gang thflc hi|n hit sde minh ma chfla hoic khdng the thpa man
dflde nhdi^ylu d u muc tieu da dat ra thl nd se li mpt ap Iflc dl ning
trln vai, d n g thang, de chl tam ly den Idc nio dd ed the "diln" len vi
no, n l i ^ nl, met moi vi nd. Nhat 11 trong cupe song hien dai, luon
ludn phit tiiln v i thay ddi nhanh ehong nhfl ngly nay thl Ip Iflc den
vdi mdi ngfldi d n g ldn.
Song Ip lfle nd cung cd hai mgt la: tieu cflc vi tieh cflc. Ap Iflc tilu
cfle se inh hflPng rlt Idn doi tam Iy, nd se gay ra cing thing, lo iu,
tiilm chl llm cho ngfldi ta cd nhflng suy n ^ thilu tidi cdc tiroi^
cupc sdng cd the dan doi nhflng hiu qui nghilmtirpng.Cdn ip Iflc
tich cflc sl thuc day sfl phit triln, dpng viln, tiidi thde eon ngfldi eo
ging phSn dau dgt ddpc mye tilu d l ra. Vi tii^ vi^c xie djnh vi hilu
ddpc nhflng nguyen nhin gly ra lp lfle se giup ehung ta ehd dpng
ngan ngda, giai quylt nhflng ^ Iiic trong cupc sing, lim Ip Iflc tan
bieh ra cupc song trd nln nh? nhing, tuih tiian tholi mai hdn.
Khdng rieng gi nghl gilo, m l tlt d d c nginh nghe hpp phap nao
cung diu dflpc x i hpi tdntirpng,nhflng vdi truyen thong tdn sfl trpng
dao cua din tpe ta thl nghe giio d n g dflpc ton trpng hdn d VI quan
nilm day la i ^ l d^c biet "nghe trong ngfldi" That viy, dat nfldc cd
phk triln, c6 phPn vinh chinh 11 nhP tfl gilo dye m i ra. Nhfl d u ndi
cua Bic "Vl ldi ieh mfldi nam phii trong dy, vi lpi ieh tram nam phli
trong ngfldi". Cau nPi do d i nlu bit y nghia vo edng quan trpng v i
to ldn cda ehiln Iflpe xiy dflng con ngddi, vile trlng ngfldi Ii quan
trpng vi lau d i l Sinh thcri, Dai tddng Vo Nguyin Giip eiii^ cho ding:
1. Gidi tda dp lUc, Nguon:http://text. 123doc.org/
document/1982222-nhung-giai-phap-de-giam-cac-ap-luctrong-cuoc-song

"Tirong nhdng nhan to tao nfin sdc mgnh ting hpp d l dUa dit nUdc
tiln lln, con ngflPl Ii nhan t l quan trpng bic nhlt, Ii nhln t l quyet
djnh". Nhd vgy muon llm dflpc dilu niy thi d n phli cd sfl chung tay

gop sflc cua tat d d c d p , d c nginh dgc biet li nginh giao dye trong
dd Iflc Iflpng dpi ngu gjlo viln li nhflng ngfldi trflc tiep dao tao ra
nhflng con ngfldi cd it cho xa hpi, dap flng dflpc myc tieu gilo dye
eda Dli^, Nhi nddc
Dieu 14 ciia Lugt giio dye khi ndi ve vai tro eda nhi giio cd neu:
"Nhi gjao gjfl rai tro quylt djnh trong vi|e bio dam chat Iflpi^ giio
dye. Nhi gilo phai khor^ ngflng hpe tip, ren luyen nlu gfldng t6t cho
ngddi hpc. Nhi nflde t l didc dio tgo, bPi dddng nhi giio; c6 chinh
sich bio dim d e dilu kiln d n thilt vl vit chat vi tinh than de nhi
giio thflc hiln nhi|m vy cua ndnh; gifl gin va phit huy truyin t h l i ^
quy trong nhi giao, ton vinh nghe day hpe" [2].
Nhflng tror^ tinh hinh dat nflde dang tren d i phlt triln vi hpi
nhap; kinh te x i hpi cd nhdng tiiay doi va phit trien nhanh ehlng
nhfl hi|n nay till li^u nhdng ngfldi lim giio dye nhflng thay eo 0ao
cd thflc hi|n ddpc hit vai tr^ trich nhi|m to ldn do khdng? Cd edn
gifl vflng dflpc lap trddr^ tfl hidng dao dde trfldc nhuiig cam vo cua
xa hpi, vi phli chju tie nhiing tie dpng, ap Iflc nio cda cong vi|e, eda
cupe sing? Theo Miller LH. vi Smith AD. cho ring; "vile llm ^ i m
Ip Iflc CO thl 11 phflc tap vi nham Ian bdi vl cd nhilu logi ap li^e khae
nhau, va bin thin mpi ngfldi phii hiet minh d ti^g thii Ip Iflc nio
d l CO dch dng phd phu hop" 6 pham vi bii vilt niy chung toi nlu
ra mpt so nguyen nhan cd bin nhat d i tao ra ap Iflc cho nhflng ngfldi
lim nghl giaa
TTtifn/iA 14 ap Iflc td yeu d u cua cdng vile
Do ylu d u ngiy cing chuin hda, nlng cao tiinh dp, nang lfle
chuyln mon... Cho nen, de trd thinh mpt giio vien dflde ddng trln
bye giang thflc chat khong h i ddn gilng. CIc gilo viln phii dap dng
dflpc cae yeu d u ve blng d p , trinh dp chuyen mon, d c chdng ehi
cd lien quan, tiiam chi xet d din ly lich theo ylu d u cua nhi tuyin
dyng. Ngoii ra, hi|n nay tmh trgng thda giao vien ngiy d n g nhieu,

sinh viln d e trddng dgi hpc cao dang nil chung ciing nhfl sinh vien
sfl phgm nPi rilng khi ra tiiidng tim dflpc vi?c lim phu hpp Ii rat
khd, Vi?e dflpc tiayen dyng da khd khln nhfl viy, nhflng khi dflpc
vio lam vi|e thi Iai eP nhflng khd khan khic de nang lln vai ngudi
giio vien, tao cho hp mpt ap Iflc rat ldn nhfl vl thdi gian gilng day,
s6 tilt quy dinh, chd nhilm ldp, dfl gid, tiiam gia cie hoat dpng cda
trddng,., Theo ThPng tii Ban hinh Quy djnh vl chl dp lim vi|c ddi
vdi giao viln pho thong: "Thdi gian lim vi|c cua gilo vien tilu hpe,
pho thong trung hgc cd sd v ltirunghpc pho thong trong nlm hpe la
42 tuan, tiidi gian ngU he, nghl phep nghi le cin cd theo quy dinh
2. Biiu 14, Ludt gido due. so 11/1998/QHlO


^
16

S6 7-2016

^?y^

eda Bp Lugt lao dpng"[3]. NhUng thfle tl dc giio vien phli lam hdn hpc tro. chfl khong phli thly c6""'
thM gian qui dinh rat nhilu. VI dy nhU: muon c6 mpt giP ddng ldp Nhfl viy cd thl thay, thly cd giao khdng ddn thuin ti dii
gilng dgy, ^io In hoin chlnh thi ^ o vien ^m dpc sach. nghien edu llm cdng vi|c giang day vl ngliiln cflu Idioa hpc nil pl^
^ lifu, biln sogn 0io in...; ngoli ra cPn phli tham gia coi thi, c h ^ tim nhilu vi|c Ididi^ ten tdiic vi thdi gian tim viec tiii
bii thi, dc hogt dpng chung cua nhi trudng... Vfla giing dgy vda (Jili
khdng theo mpt quy djnh nio cl, tam den bao gid hit v ^
tfl boi dddng chuyen mdn, kiln thde sd phgm vl ky nii^ gilng day,
mdi thoi.
dd thflc sfl la mpt ching dfldr^ ^an nan digilo vien eo mpt diuyln
ThvChai id, ap tflc td xa hpi

min sfl phgm tlt
Bdi nghl day hpc til xUa dflpc xa hpi tdn trpi^ coi li
Cdn ^ i v&i gjing vien,tiieoDieu 9, Thong tfl lien tjdi cua Bp "nghe eao quy" nln vo hinh chung ngfldi gjio vien phfi
qui dinh nhi?m vy cda giii^ vien: "Nhilm vy giing dgy; Nhilm vu ch(u sfl dinh gil tdi^ tdie cua xa hpi du ve cac mgt: nliai
nghiln cflu khoa hpe va cdng i ^ ^ Nhi|m vy tham ^ ixng tic quin cich, dao ddc loi song... Vi du, ciii^ mpt mpt du nm,
ty dio tgo, boi dfldng, i ^ l n cdu khoa hpc coi^ tie dan^ doln thl nhdng doi vdi ngfldi lim mpt so nglnh nghe kMc ndi till
vi de hogt dong khiq Ntii|m vy hpc tap, boi dfldng ning cao trinh
binh difldng, nhUng gilo vien ndi thi bj cho thiea td dd^
dd"[4j.
dao d d c . hdi hp luon dflpc cho la ngfldi co nhln dch cdi
Djnh mflc thcri gian lim vi|c hing namtiieotdng nhiem vy, doi ngfldi tri thde hoat dpng trong tinh vflc giio due
via mli ehde danh eu the nhfl sau:
Chfla cd sfl gan ldt gida phu huynh - nha tn^(ng - giao
vien, nliilu phu huynh coi vipc gjlo dye con cii la cua thly
H091 dpng chuyen
Giang Nghien
CO, ciia nha trfldng. Nln mpi trich nhilm deu giao hS dw
Chuc danh
mon va cac nhi^m
day
cim
\'ukhac
ttiay cd, nhflng khi giao viln cd mpt hlnh xd nao dub
Gians vten
900
400
460
chuan mflc chfla dung vdi con em minh thi se bi bat la
Giane vien chinh
900

500
360
ngay, thim ctii thUa kiln yeu cau dudi vile thay cd vl ptifia
Giang vien cao cap
900
600
260
Cd thl ndi cd mpt bp phan ngfldi trong xa hdi gan nhfl turai
Ddn vitinh:gid chiic chd ten in moi khi cd mpt vu vi|c sai ptigm nao dd x^
ra td cie gilo viln. nhi trfldng. \^y nln. xa hpi cln ed mgt
Qua dd eho thay, khoi Iflpng cdng vile cua giang vien cii nhin thoing hdn vl nghl nha gilo. thdng d m vl chia se
trong cac tnidng dgi hpc la tUcmg doi nhilu (gilng vien: vdi hp. Bdi gjio viln eiing 11 mpt con i ^ d i , cung cd nh&ng
gilng day 900 gid, nghien cflu 400 gid, hogt dpng chuyln khuylt diem, cung ed thl mic sai lam khi ma ip lfle clqg
mon va cAc nhilm vu Ichic 460 gid). Trong tnidng Dai hpc vi|e, ap Iflc cupc song den vdi hp ngay cang nhilu.
gilng viln ed hai nhiem vu chinh Ii: giing dgy vi ngliiln
Thii ba Id, kp tflc phlt sinh tii rdiflng van de tiong qu
cdu, diy la hai hoat dpng bo trp cho nhau, thuc day nhau. trinh giao dep sfl pham
Nhiing trln thfle te, ngfldi giio vien muon dat dupe chuan
Trong nha trfldng moi quan h | giao tiq) ciia giio viln dii
n ^ l nghilp thi ngoii viec dflpc trang b; Idln thfle chuyln ylu gdm hai ddi tflpng, dd la ngfltri hpc va d c ddng ng^ii^
mdn cdn phli tfl mloh thfldng xuyen ning cao trinh dd,
Vdi ngUdi hoc: Giao tiep sfl ptiam ta dilu td|n tien qu]id
diuyln mon nghilp vy, phai xiy dflng nen ting tri thflc de hinh thinh vi phit trien tam ly, nhan each giao vien vi
slu sle trong linh vflc chuyln mdn, d c phfldng phip, ky sinh viln. Trong qui trinh giao tilp nay gilo vien tni)^
nai^ vl giing day vi giao due, ngoai ra cdn phii tham gia thu kiln thdc chuyln mdn, day do, tflng t>fldc hinh thanb
cac hogt dpng phong trio cua nhi trddng... Day thflc sfl ta nhin each, dao ddc cho hpc sinh, nhCng tdnh ngtiilin
ap tdc. Nliieu giio vien bay td, hiln nay chddng trinh dli trong eude song xl hpi, hin thin....de hoc sinh tiip thu
mdi nhilu, ndi 11 gilm tii nhflng rat ntillu vile ddn vio va din dan boi dfldng cho nhln clch phit trien tidi cflt
trfldng hpc.
Khi giao tilp trao ddi vdi hpc sinh ttii ban than giio vies

cung rut kit ra dUpc nhiing pham chat tot dep can boi ^
Bflc thfl eua Cd gilo Hoing Thi Thu Hiln. giio vien them de holn thipn nhan each, tam ty cho cliinh minii
mpt trudng THPT tgi TP HCM vita gdi tan Bd trfldng Bd- "Ngoai nhdng pham chit dao diic, trf tddng chinh tri, nai^
GD&DT Phung Xuan Nhg cd doan "Thda Bp trUdng, cd luc, loi song va cic pham chat tam iy khic da hinh thlnh
can phii duy tri qui ntiilu s3 sich nhfl vly eho moi giio nen nhln clch cua ngfldi gilo vien. Ben canh do cung li
vien hay khdng? Ma trong do rat nhilu cudn chvi ylu dl can ngfldi giao viln la phiJ cd ddpe ning Iflc sfl phgm, sd
"hanh ti cliinh": so bao giing, so td bdi dfldng, so glii chip... hdu cic pham chat tri tul nhd tinh quan sit va sfl sing
Hang nlm, tat ca cac gilo viln diu phli trai qua Idem tra tgo, cic pham chat ngon ngfl nhfl tinh thuyet phyc tinh
giao an, ke d gilo viln mdl ra tnidng vi gjio viln sap vl nghilm tiic, tinh logic cua ngon ngfl, cic pham chit tdftij
hUa Sxi d o bang nly llm mat tinh sfl pham vl sfl tdn trpng tflpng nhfl kha nang djt ininh vio vi tri ngfldi hpc vl hifil
doi vdi thly cd tdn tuoi cd ldnh nghipm lau nira trong nghl. hp. Tfl nhflng ylu clu nay vd tinh da tao nen ap tflc ngi? Wi4i
Vk nhlt la tim cho giio vien cd cam giic hp bi quin ty nhfl nl cho ngfldi giio viln trong vi|c phli thfldng xuyen rin
3. Theo Diiu 5, Thong tUBan hdnh Quy dinh vi chi dp ldm viic
5. Theo Duy Anh/An Ninh Thu Do. nguon httpj/news.a>^
doi vdi gido vien pho thdng So: 28 /2009/TT-BGDDT
vn/nu-pao-vien-^i'tam'Au-toi-bo-tivong-gd-dt-post64900i
4. Thong tu lientich,so: 06/2011/TTLT-BNV-BGDDT
html
••


iSjS Dgt/wJHjysa 7-2016
luyin nhflng nit nhan clch, phlm chit dac trrfng rieng cho
nghl nghiep.
Theo nhi giio due ndi tilng V.A. Xukhblinxtd: "Giing
dgy khong phii ti sfl truyin dgt mly moc cac tri thflc. Dd li
nhflng moi quan h | phdc tgp cua con ngddi." Vl vgy, trong
qua trinh giao tiep, gilo viln phli bilt djnh hfldng dung cic
holn clnh giao tilp, hiet tgp diddng trioh vi th\(c hien giao
tilp, biet ling nghe tam td nguy|n ngddi hpc, chia si nhflng

kinh ngtiilm, thong tin, kiln thflc mdi vdi ding nghi|p, bilt
sd dyng ngon ngfl va eac cd ehi giao tilp phd hpp vdi tdng
ddi tflpng sinh viln.
Ylu cau ve nhln dch, ning tflc sfl pligm cua ngfldi gilo viln
khit khe nhfl v^y, nhflng tai sao thdi gian gan dly tgi xly ra rlt
nhilu chuyln khdng hay trong nglnh gilo dye. Nhd trfldng
hpp ttily Nguyen Ddc Lam, gjlo viln trfldng THCS Quing
Hpp dinh chiy mlu mui mpt hpc sinh trong trfldng; nhilu
trddng hpp khic nhfl thay gilo ddng thfldc dlnh hpc sinh
bim mdng, ran xfldr^; bgt tai thung 16 nhi; bit "thyt dau" dan
tdi hlu qui phii nhgp vi|n... [2]. Theo tdi nguyin nhan ehinh
Ii giio -vien tliln nay dang phil ehju mpt Ip ldc rlt ldn tfl phy
huynh (ky vpng qui ldn vio con em), nhi trfldng (hlnh thinh
tieh), td ip tflc cupc song hlng ngly, Ip tfle td sfl vP '^ thflc cda
mpt bp phgn hpc sinh da tim eho ngfldi giio vien khong kim
chl dflpc bin thin, mat binh tinh de xfl ly nhflng tinh huong
xiy ra dot ngpt.
Vdi ddng nghilp: Ii mPi quan hi vl edng vi|c, mdi quan
tam chia sl cudc sdng vdi nhau...nhung trong mli giao tilp
nay d c giio viln cung cti;u rat nliilu Ip tdc td sfl ganh ghet,
tranh dua Idling tanh mgnh cua mpt bp phln giio vien, sfl tru
dip cua mpt so cln bp tanh dgo...cung iim xau di mdi trfldng
gilo due. Nhfl tnidng hpp mpt giio vien d quin Gd Vap da
gly huyin nio cl tnidng do bflc xuc vdi dch dfl gid lien tue
bat kl con dm, me dau; hat kl hlng chuc gilo viln tchic tdiong
"dflpc" dfl, vi mpt thay giio d tinh Binh Dinh ddi mo bung td
sit vi cho ring minh bj tii|u trfldng "di".
O nhflng trfldng hdp tren, diiing tdi khdng dim kit Iu|n ai
ddng, ai sai. Nhung ro ring, tinh trang trln 11 rlt ding clnh
bao, da lam giim Idng tin cfla xa hpi, mat di sfl thanh cao vdn

dflpc coi Ii "nghl cao quy".
TTii? tti Id, kp Iflc td kinh tl, tfl nhflng nhu clu cd bin eda
cupc song
Trong cupc sdng bpn be khd khin, ddng tiln thi trddt gii,
kinh tl ttii Iam phat.. Iim cho ddi song sinh hoat hii^ ngiy
eua gilo viln cang them gian nan. vit vl. Nghe giao eung nhU
mpt s6 nhflng nganh nghl khic trong xa hpi diu phii ginh
chiu nhflng ap ldc ning nl, phii lao dpng cgt Iflc mdi cP thl
dip dng dflpc nhu clu cd bin eda cupc song hing ngiy
Theo qui djnh vl che dp tiln Ifldng: "Nhi giao ddpc hfldng
tiln lddng, phy capfludil theo nghe vi cie phu cap khic theo
quy djnh cua Chinh phu,.."[3] Nhdng thdc tl hi|n nay dong
lUdng giao vien li chfla dip dng dflpc cupc sing cd ban cua

17
ck nhln chd chfla ndi din lo cho cupc sdng gia (finh, eon eii.
Nhfl VnMedia di dfla tin: "Vdi ddng Ifldng vln ven chi trln
dfldi 15 nghin ddng/ngiy (khdng dd ttin mua tP phd binh
din), nhflng ngly dau nim hpc mdi vda qua, hdn 60 gilo viln
mim non d xl M§u Lim vi Thanh Hn, huy|n Nhfl Tiianh,
Thanh Hoi da dong logt nghi day vdi ly do tiln Iddng qui
thip khdng dds6ng"[4].
Cung nhfl nhgn xet ciia GS Ngd Bio Ctilu tgi hpi thio cii
eleh gilo dye dgi hpc do nhom Doi thogi giao dye phoi hpp
vdi Lanh sfl quin Hoa Ky tgi TRHCM t6 chfle sing ngly 31
thing 7 nam 2014: "Chl dp thu nhap cua giing viln dgi hpe
Vi|t Nam hi|n nay phflc tgp, thieu minh hach, cd chl cflng
nhlc. Vdi thang tfldng hi|n tgi, mflc tfldng cd bin cfla giing
viln dai hpc khdng dim bio cho hp mpt mde sdng trung tflu
trong xi hpi. Trong mpi h | thing xa hpi, mflc song trung Iflu

cao cho cln bp gilng -vien nghien cdu Iudn 11 dilu kiln can
cho mpt hi thdng giao dye tlt".
Theo hoc thuylt vl thip nhu d u cua Maslow. "nhu d u cCia
eon ngddi bao gom nam d p bgc: nhu d u sinh ly. nhu d u an
toln, nhu elu ddpc cdng nhgn, nhu clu dfldc tdn trpng, nhu
du tfl the hiln. Trong do nhflng nhu elu d elp bic cao hdn se
phat sinh nlu nhflng nhu d u cin bin d p dfldi da dflpc thoi
man". Ddi vdi nghl giao la nghl tfldng doi die thd thl nhu cau
dupe tdn trpng vi nhu clu tfl the hien luon ton tai trong tdii
hp tudn gap khd khin trong vile thoi man nhflng nhu elu d
d p thap hdn. Chinh dilu nly da tgo ra tim ly ap Iflc ning nl
cho nhflng ngUdi lim cdng tic giang day.
Thd ndm Id, kp Iflc tfl ylu cau ning Iflc chuyln mdn
nghilp vu
Ngoii d c bing cap chuyln mdn i^tiilp -vy mi giio vien cln
phii thfldng xuyfin hpc tip, tip huan nlng cao theo qui dinh
cua nginh. Bfin eanh do cdn cd nhflng qui dinh bit hupe da
trd thlnh lp tfle rat tdn cho gjio viln. thgm ctii 11 khdng Ichi
thi ddi vdi mpt so gilo vien. Chang ban nhfl theo Thdng tfl
tien tjch so 22 vi s6 23/2015 cua Bp Giio due vi Dio tgo vi
Bp Npi vu qui dinh: "Dl bo nhilm giao -vien hang 1, giio viln
phai cd ehflng ehi ngogi ngfl bac 3 (chflng chi Bl theo khung
tham ehilu chiu Au- khung ning lfle ngoai ngfl 6 blc dinh
cho Vi|t Nam). Theo dd, doi vdi bic THCS, khi du dilu ki|n
li giio viln hgng 1 se ddpc lp dung h | so Ifldng cda vifin chdc
Ioai A2 nhdm A2.2 (hi so lddng tfl 4,00 din 6,38). Vdi bic
THPT, giio vien dflpc ip dyng h | s6 lddng eda viln chdc Iogi
A2 nhdm A2.1 (h? so Ifldng tfl 4,40 den 6,78)" [5].
Tit nhdn dtnh vd phdn tich nhiing nguyin nhdn gdy ra dp
lUc. cd thl cho ehung ta thly, Ip Iflc thfldng la nhflng tic dpng

tilu cdc cda cdngvilc ddl sing gia dlnh, tinh eim ...mang
den cho con ngfldi. Nd ktiiln eho ngfldi ta cam thay chin nin
vi thit vpng, Ichdng cdn chiit sinh tfle nio de hp ed ging vl
vflpt qua khd khin, vit vi. kp tflc qui nliieu se giy ra stress
vi cd the dan din nhflng hlu qua nhilm trpng khic. ^i hgn
chl vi ed thl tiilt tilu di ip Iflc, chiing toi dfla ra mpt so giai
phlp sau:

2. [Theo Phqm DUdc, ngudn [HodngSdn. Hdn 10 nghlngido viin mdm non lUdngkhdng
ap-luc-don-len~vai'nguoi-thay-0196840.html]
du an sdng nguon: [Diiu 81. Tiin lUdng , si: 38/2005/QHll Hd Npi, ngdy fien-mam-non-luong-khong-du-an-sang-01586729.html]
14 thdng 06 ndm 2005]
5 [Thanh Timg, Bdo Ddi song & Phdp ludt, so 55-06/5/2016]


18

S6 7-2016

Dett/MJF^

kilra tra mang ning tinh tiinh thflc Co nhd viy gjao vifin mdi
toin tim, toln ldc lim vile, gilng dgy vl ngjiiln cdu khoa
hpc, gilm bdt ip Iflc eho ^ i o vien, gidp hp duy tri tam ly linh
mgnh dl thinh cdng hdn tiong cong vific
Tdm Id, vl ptiia xa hph nln nhin nhgn nghl giio thoang
hdn, vi nghl ^ o cung nhd nhflng nganh nghl khic tirongd
hpi; Hiy thay ddi quan niem. ttili dp dlnh gji, dflng qua Id
vpng hay qua xlt nit doi vdi giio viln. nhin ntiin dung tiii^
ctiat cdng vile eua gilo vien; Dflng giao hit trich ntiilm dfj

dfi con d i cho thly cd gilo. ml phli cd sfl kit hpp chat chfi v&
nhau. Cd nhd viy ttiiraPicd thl gilm bdt ap tlic eho giao vi&L
CMn Id. gilo vien phli nhin ^nh dupe diu la Ip Iflc de
cd phfldng hfldng. dilu ctiinh vk giai toa nd mpt d d i hpp I^
nhat Vk hay ling nghe nhflng tdi khuyln ttuit thi^c vi slu sic
cua Dale Carnegie trong euln "Quing ganh Io di vl vui sin^
mi dieh gii Nguyin Hiln 11 da dich sang ti&g vifit
THAY Ldi Kfr
Dfla tren cd sd phin tich cic nguyin nhln giy ra ap luc dm
nhiing ngfldi lira nghe day hpc. Nhflng gjii pli^ ml ehiii^
toi dfla ra cd thl ehfla hoin toin ctunh xic hogc chda phit tipp
vdi tdng cl the gilo vifin, tflng holn clnh Idilc nhau Nhdngd
ptiam vi bli vilt nly vdl mong mudn ddng gdp mpt ptian tM
CO the giup cho d c gilo vien dang chiu ^> tfle ttiam Idiao vk
giai tda nhiing ap tfle dem din hang ngay, die bifit li doi vH
d c giio vien tre neu khong cd gili phlp eang as, £nhhfl^
tot nd 11 ganh nang ludn deo bim, se gay chin nan, bd n^va
c6 the dan din nhflng tiau qui khdng dang cd.
TAI u e u THAM KHAO
1. Nguyen Hien Ll (bin dich). Qudnggdnh lo di vd vuisa^
sang tiing Viet, Nhd xudt bdn Long An -1989
2. Nguyen Thac (chd bien) (2009). Tdm li hgc sUpham B^
hgc Nhd xudt bdn Dqi hoc Suphgm.
e
3. Phqm Hiin, Ky nang gjii tda stress
Ngudn: Id, tu ban thin moi giao vifin phai Iudn y thfle dflpc eong/ky-nang-song/477-tcy-na:^-giai-toa-stress
4. 20 tdi khuyen ktii ed qui nliieu Ip lfle trong cupe song
cdng vifie eua minh: cong viec dpi hoi ci tii vi dflc cd kien
Nguon:http;//donga.edu.vn/dieuduong/loiliayydep/
thflc tri thde siu rpng vl dupe xa hpi trpng vpng. Cho nen,

tabid/2735/cat/1892/ArtideDetailId/9770/ArtieteId/9768/
phii tu tu dfldng ban thin. Idi^ yeu nghl. gid tinh than lac
quan doi vdi edng viec. Cd nhU vgy tM nhflng ngUdi chpn Defaultaspx -10/01/2014.
nghl giio mdi khdng bj chin nin trfldc nhflng khd khin, thd SUMMARY
With the economic development, the global exdianp,
thich do cong vi|c, cupc sdng dem den.
Sdu Id, diing tfl tgo Ip Iflc cho minh: dat ra mue tilu, the intergration and the government socialized policy in chUdng trinh hinh dpng cho ban thin II tdt. nhflng phai vda areas, everone has been under a certain pressure in workJng
sflc phd hpp vdi bin than vi ddng qua ky vpng vio nd. Nlu which may from the surrounds, the living conditions and du
khdng ban phii chju mpt ip Ifle rat ldn nlu khdng dgt dflpc personal awarness. The teachers are not an acception. It is sad
that teaching is an honorable career and the teachers of^
muc tilu da dl ra.
Bdy Id, vi phia ckc cap llnh dao vi nhi trfldng: cln tao mdi mentioned in the most respected titles such as "the nobk',
tirfldng Iim vific edi md, hda dong. cd chl Iam vific vi phln "the human growth maker". "The engineers of souls" because
cong nhifim vu phii phu hpp vdi tdng d nhln. tgo dieu kifin of their dedication to share and transfer the experience and
cho giao vien ed ed hpi dflpc nlng cao kinh nghifim. chuyln knowledge to other Howerver, in current complicated societji
mdn thdng qua viec to chfle nhdng budi ndi chuyen, trao doi how to help the teachers confront and resolve the worfco?
kinh nghifm gifla d c gilo vien liu nim vl giio viln tie. gifl pressures is a big question.
Keywords: The solutions; Pressure of teaching; Reduce die
quan ni?m unghp cho nhflng y kiln tich cflc cda d c giio vifin
tie nhlm tgo ra mptraditifldngsd pham hoan tiiiln hdn; Co pressure.
chl dp tiln lUdng vl cic khoin phu d p dim bao dUpe cupe
Nhdn bdi ngdy 20/6/2016. SUa chaa xong 26/6/^16
song; Giamtiiieud e hoat dpng dointiie,d c hoat dpng thanh
Duyet ddng 2/7/201^Mdtld, ludn duy tri trang thli tim Iy lanh manh: nhlm giup
eho sfl thlnh cong trong vi|c gilng dgy, truyen dgt tdln thdc.
Giao vien can phli cd thli dp did dpng tim kilm, trau doi kiln
tiiflc cua minh. Chang hgn nhfl chu dpng di thflc tl d nglnti,
tinh vflc cd lien quan den npi dung minh giing dgy hoic ehu
dpi^ troi^ ngtiiln cdu khoa hpc. Td dd se cd tuin thdc vflng

vli^ hdn se lim giim di ap lfle tim ty tfl r ^ l nghilp cda
minh.
Hai Id, tiay luon tim kilm nilm vui trong cong vific biln
nhdng cpng vi|c khd khan vat vi thinh dpng tde de chung
ta hoin thinh nd cho dd ed thinh edi^ hay that bai; Phli c6
ging hit sdc minh trong mpi vi|c du dd li vi|e nhd vl tao tim
ly tholi mii klii xd 1]? cdng vific nhln nhin cdng vifie ddpc
giao theo ehilu hfldng tieh cfle.
Ba Id, hay vflpt qua ip tfle cupe sdng gia dinh, xa hdi bang
tinh ylu vi sfl ^ tuy vdi nghl; Suy nghi tich cflc hdn cupc
sing, cd cii uhin toln diln. U'ch cue vl nghl minh dang lfla
chpn du cho hp cd nhilu khd khin, trd ngai Td dd, tinh than
vi tinh cim se mgnh me hdn. tholi mii hdn; Luon dung thii
dpti'ehcfle nhat de xfl \f mpi tinh hudng jdy ra; Ddng quan
tam nhilu khi co nhflng Idi bin tin khdng tot xung quanh
nginh nghl cua minh vl chinh bin than minh. Vi nhflng ldi
ndi dd khong cd f nghia gl ngoii viec llm cho chflng ta mat
tinh thin, dao dpng vl tfl tudng; Hay tilp cgn nhflng ldi sdng
tieh cflc Igc quan, ylu ddi, yeu nghl, coi nhflng ip lfle trd nggi
trong cupc sdi^ li thfl ttileh di chiing ta phaa dia vuon tin.
Bin Id, phii co ging ren Iuyen trgi^ thli tim ly In dinh,
giao tilp chuin mflc dd trong nhi trfldng hay ngoii xi hpi
ddi thfldng. Cd nhfl viy till ngfldi giio vifin mdi duy tii dflpc
hinh vi giao tilp ehuin mflc Co ging gifl t l ^ dp binh tinh,
tira deh giii quylt vln dl Idii ddi difin vdi nhflng tinh huong
kho khirL Mpi thii dp ndng niy ndng nly, tdidng Idem chl se
phai chju sU phi phin rat nang nl tfl dfl lugn xa hpL Bdi hp
diu tiilu vi thong d m cho ng^e giao, mpt nghe mi chju rat
tdn td quan nilm xi hdi vl ngUdi thly, ngfldi cd.

~sciug;-tJidiJi iJittu-tae-iioarBong uwdii UICA^I. .