Thực trạng hành vi xâm phạm bí mật đời tư người khác của người trưởng thành trẻ tuổi ở thành phố hồ chí minh

Tgp chi KHOA HQC DHSP TPHCM

Nguyin Thi Tie va tgk

THV'C T R ^ N G H A N H VI XAM P H A M BI M ^ T DOil TtT N G l T d l K H A C
CUA NGlTcn TRircnVG T H A N H T R E T U 6 l
d THANH P H 6 H d CHI MINH
NGUYEN THI TCR', DINH QUANG NGQC", VO NGUYEN ANN"
T6M TAT
Bdi viit di cap thire trgng hdnh vl xdm phgm bl mgt ddi tu (BMBT) ngudi khdc cua
ngudi trudng thdnh tre tudi tren dfa bdn Thdnh phd Ho Chi Minh. Kit qud cho thdy da sd
ngudi trudng thdnh tre tudi cd bieu hiin hdnh vi xdm phgm BMBT ngudi khdc, nhung d
muc dg thdp (1-2 ldn). Cdc hdnh vi dd mang tinh chdt vita cdng khai vita che gidu. Nguyen
nhdn chi yiu cua cdc hdnh vi ndy Id do nhdn thirc, thdi dg chua ddng vd nhu cau tim hieu
cua bdn thdn chit the. Trin ca sd kit qud khdo sdt, chung tdi di xudt mpt so biin phdp
nhdm phong chdng cdc logi hdnh vi neu trin.
Tu khda: hdnh vi, hdnh vi xdm pham hi mdt ddi tu, ngirdi tnrdng thdnh trd tudi.
ABSTRACT
The situation of private life secrets violation conducted by young adults
in Ho Ckt Mink CHy
The article mentions the situation of private life secrets violation conducted by by
young adults in Ho Chi Minh City. The results show that the majority of young adults have
signs ofpricate life secrets violation, but at low levels only (1-2 times). The behaviors are
both public and hidden. The main reason for the behaviors is the wrong awareness and
attitude ofyoung adults and the curiosity ofthe subjects. Based on the survey results, we
propose some measures aimed at preventing the behaviors mentioned above.
Keywords: behaviour, privacy infringement, young adults.
I.

D | t v^n de
Trong cugc sing thudng ngdy, ai

ciing cd nhiing BMDT md bdn thdn
khdng mudn cho nguoi khdc bilt. BMDT
dugc hilu Id nhiing thdng tin hgp phdp vd
ddi sdng tinh thin, vat chit vd cdc mdi
quan he xa h$i cua cd nhdn trong qud khir
hay hifn tgi. Nhflng thdng tin ndy se
dugc phap lu|t bdo vd ndu nhu nd mang
tinh hgp phdp vd ehua timg dugc cd nhdn
dd cdng khai d noi cdng cgng cho mgi
ngudi dugc bilt.
•TS, Tnidng Bai hpc Su ptiam TPHCM
" SV, Trudng e?i hgc Su pham TPHCM

Ngdy nay, nhung didu bi mdt ndy
dd dugc phdp ludt bdo v | vd quy djnh nd
thanh mdt trong nhiing quyin bit kha
xdm pham cua con ngudi. Ndu ai vi pham
sS bj phdp ludt xet xii theo Dilu 125 cua
Bg lu|t Hinh su vd "tdi xam ph?im b( m|t
hodc an todn thu tin, didn tho§d, didn tin
ctia ngudi khdc" [5]. Tuy nhidn, thue td d
nude ta, vin dl nay cdn chua dugc xem
frgng va quan tam thich ding. Bdng
chiing Id trong thdi gian vita qua, trdn cdc
phucmg tidn truydn thdng dl c$p rit nhilu
nhiing vu kidn lidn quan den cdc hdnh vi
" ^ Ph?" BMDT cua ngudi khac. Vi
thd, vifc tim hidu thvrc tr?ng vd nguydn

T?p chi KHOA HOC BHSP TPHCM

nhdn nhitag hanh vi xdm ph^m BMDT
ngudi khdc cua ngudi trudng thanh tre
tuli d Thdnh phd Hd Chi Mmh la ydu ciu
cip thiet.
2. Thi thirc va phirorng phdp nghidn
clhi

Hdnh vi xdm pham BMDT ngudi
khdc dugc hilu la todn bd nhung hanh
dgng, phan img bdn ngodi ciia cd nhdn
nhdm xam hji nhflng thdng tin hgp phdp
ve ddi sing tinh thin, vdt chat vd cdc mdi
quan hf xS hgi cua cd nhdn khdc khi chua
duge sg ddng ^ cila ca nhan dd. Nhitag
hanh vi nay thudng gay tdn hai tinh thdn
hay vdt chit eiia ngudi khdc trong hifn
t^i bode tuong lai.
Hdnh vi xdm ph?m BMDT bao gdm
sdu nhdm cd bdn sau;
Nhdm 1: Cdc hanh vi tu y bdc, md,
dgc, nghe trgm cdc thdng tin BMDT cua
ngudi khdc nhu: thu tm, didn tin, didn
tho?i, nh$t ki, cudc hgn, di chuc...
Nhdm 2: Cdc hdnh vi sir dung cdc
phucmg tign dien tii dd quay phim, chgp
dnh, ghi dm... nhdm khai thdc thdng tin
cd nhdn ciia ngudi khac khi khdng dugc
hg dong f.

Nhdm 3: Cdc hdnh vi tilt Id thdng
tin cua ngudi khdc trdn cdc phuong tidn
thdng tin dgi chiing nhu: ti vi, bdo, mang
internet...
Nhdm 4: Cdc hdnh vi tg y luu giO,

SS 49 nam 2013

sao chdp cdo thong tin BMDT cua ngudi
khac.
Nhdm 5: Cdc hdnh vi mua bdn, trao
ddi nhflng thdng tin, tu lieu ddi tu cia
ngudi khdc.
Nhdm 6: Cac hdnh vi xdm nhdp vd
liy cip nhflng thdng tm c4 nhan cua
ngudi khdc.
D I tim hilu miic do vd cdch thitc
bidu hign cac logi hanh vi nay, ddng thdi
cd thd lam rd nguyen nhan thue tr?ng,
chiing toi tiln hanh khao sdt trdn tdng sd
171 ngudi trudng thdnh tre tuli tir 18 den
25, vd 28 tudi. Trong do cd 84 nam
(chilm 49,1%) vd 87 ntt (chidm 50,9%).
Cdc phuomg phdp nghien ciiu dugc
sil dvmg trong nghidn ciiu ndy la phuong
phdp li ludn, phucmg phdp didu tta bdng
bdng hdi vd phuang phdp thing kd todn
hgc. Trong dd phuang phap didu tta bdng
bang hdi Id phucmg phdp chinh.
Bdng hdi dugc xay dvmg bao gdm

nhitag ngi dung chinh nhu sau:
N0i dung thii nhit nhdm tim hieu
miic d$ bilu hidn cua 6 nhdm hdnh vi
xdm pham BMDT da ndu d tten va dugc
chia thdnh 12 hdnh vi cu thd. Tuong ling
vdi timg hanh vi se cd 5 miic dg bieu
hifn (khdng bao gid, it khi, thinh thodng,
thudng xuydn, rat thudng xuydn) vdi cdc
sd dilm tuang ling tir I - 5 didm. Cdch
tinh dilm eg thi dugc phdn chia nhu sau:

Bilm trung binh (DTB)

Mirc d$ bilu hifn

1,0-1,5
1,51-2,5
2,51-3,5
3,51-4,5
4,5-5,0

Khdng bao gid (0 lin)
it khi (1 din 2 lin)
Thinh thoang (3 lin)
Thudng xuydn (4 din 5 ldn)
Rit thudng xuyen (5 lin ttd ldn)


Tgp chi KHOA HQC BHSP TPHCM

Nguyin Thi Tieva tgk

NO! dung thti hai nhdm tim hilu vl tinh chit thd hifn cua 12 loai hdnh vi ndy.
Tuong ling vdi moi hdnh vi cd 3 each thiic thi hifn (cdng khai, vita cdng khai vira che
giau, che giiu) vdi s6 didm tucmg ung tir 1 - 3 didm.
Cdch tinh dilm cu thi nhu sau:
D i l m trung binh
1,0-1,5
1,51-2,5
2,51-3,0

Cdch thiic bieu hifn
Cdng khai
Vira edng khai, viia che giiu

Che giiu

NOi dung thii ba la cac cau hdi tim hidu vd nguyen nhan, nh|n thitc, cdm xiic, nhu
ciu thtic diy vifc thgc hidn hdnh vi xdm phjm BMDT ngudi khdc.
Sl lifu dugc xii li ttdn phin mdm thing kd SPSS phidn bdn 16.0.
3.
Kit qua nghidn cuu
3.1. Thffc trgng kink vi xSm pkgm BMBT ngudi khic & ngudi Irudng Ikanh Ire
luii
3.1.1. Thuc trgng mirc dg biiu hiin cua timg hdnh vi xdm phgm BMDT ngudi khdc d
ngudi trudng thdnh tre tuoi (xem bdng 1)
Bing 1. Thuc trgng mic dg biiu hiln cita timg hdnh vi xdm phgm BMDT ngirdi khdc
d ngudi trudng thdnh tre tudi

s

T
T

1
2
3

4

5

6

Cdc hdnh vi
xdm ph^m
DQC trgm tin nhdn
di^n tho^i cua ngudi
khdc
Xem trgm nhat ki ciia
ngudi khdc
Chyp dnh ngudi khac
khi khdng dirge stf
dong Ghi am Ifii cugc ndi
chuyfn trong liic mgi
ngudi khdng de y
Tiet Ig bi mdt ciia mgt
ngirdi trdn internet md
ngudi iy khdng dong
y

Tiet If bl mdt cda
ngudi khdc trong cufc

Tinh
Muc d$ hdnh vi xam p h ^
Tinh theo ti If % or tumg mirc df
theo
Rat
Kh8ng dilm
Thiidng Thinh
it
thuiyng
trung
bao
xiiyen
thoang khi
xuySn
binh
gidr

Thii
h?ng

Ifch
chu^n

2,3

1,8

21,1

31,6

43,3

1,88

2

0,957

1,2

1,2

4,1

19,3

74,2

1,36

7

0,725

2,3

7,6

27,5

28,7

33,9

2,16

1

1,054

1,2

1,8

8,8

14

74,2

1,42

6

0,817

1,2

2,9

8,2

12,9

74,8

1,43

5

0,853

1,2

5,3

14,6

23,4

55,5

1,73

3

0,975


SS 49 nam 2013

T?p chi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM

itrd

chuyfn

m d ; hp

, khong d o n g y .

7

L u u g i a m g t sd tai
lifu bi m^t cua ngudi
khac m a hp khong
b i l t hay khong d i n g y

1,8

0,6

8,2

15,2

74,2

1,43

5

0,809

1,2

0,6

1,2

5,3

91,7

1,14

9

0^567

0,6

1,2

4,7

5,8

87,7

1,21

8

0,634

0,6

0

1,8

2,9

94,7

1,09

11

0,432

2,3

1,2

8.2

19,9

68,4

1,49

4

0,877

0,6

0,6

2,3

3,5

93

1,12

10

0,511

Sao chep B M D T cua

g

ngudi khac ra thanh
nhieu

ban

khi

hp

khong cho phep

9

Thue ngirdi tim hi6u
thong tin cua ngudi
khac nhu: mdi quan
he, n g h i nghifp, ten
t u l i , nai d, so dien
tho^ii...
Trao doi

hoac

mua

10 ban nhihig thong tin
bi mat cua ngudi khac
T g y vao e-mail ciia

11 ngudi khac ma khong
xin phep

12

T g y vao phong rieng
cua ngudi khac de lay
cgp mpt sd thong tin
ca nhan cua n g u d i do

Tinh theo DTB, bdng 2 cho thdy da
sd ngudi trudng thanh tte tudi ddu cd mgt
sd hdnh vi xdm pham BMDT ngudi khdc
d mirc do "it khi" (DTB nam ttong
khodng 1,5 - 2,5) nghia Id cd vi pham 1
den 2 ldn va tap trung chu ydu d ba loai
hdnh vi sau:
Hdnh vi "Chup dnh ngudi khdc khi
khdng dugc su ddng y cua hg" vdi DTB
Id 2,16 xep hang 1.
Hanh vi "Dgc ttgm tin nhin dien
thoai ciia ngudi khac" vdi DTB bdng
1,88 xip hang 2.
Hdnh vi "Tilt 1$ bi mdt cua ngudi
khdc ttong cugc ttd ehuydn md hg khdng

ddng y" vdi DTB bdng 1,73 xip hang 3.
Chin loai hdnh vi xdm pham BMDT
cdn lai diu cd sd DTB thip hon 1,5. Dilu

dd, cho thdy da sd ngudi trudng thdnh tte
tudi khdng vi pham cac loai hanh vi ndy.
Trong dd, hdnh vi "tvr y xdm nhdp vd liy
cdp thdng tin BMDT cua ngudi khdc" c6
sl ngudi vi pham it nhit vdi DTB bdng
1,09, xdp hang thip nhit.
Thuc ttang hdnh vi "chup anh
ngudi khdc khi khdng dugc su ding y
cua hg" cd sl ngudi vi pham nhilu nhat
Id do hdnh vi "chup dnh" de dang thvrc
hifn va kha phd phd biln ndn chiing dugc
mgi ngudi thuc hifn khd tiiy tidn, thfm


Tap chi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM

chi ca khi nguoi Idiac khong ddng y. Con
doi voi nhang hanh vi nhu trao d6i, mua
ban hay tir y xam nhap va liy c3p thong
tin BMDT cua nguai khac co so nguoi vi
phEim it nhSt vi ban chit cua nhung hanh
vi nay co dong co Idiong chinh dang, dl
bi truy t6 truoc phap luat nen mpi nguoi
de dat va khong dam thuc hien.
Xem xet them miic do bieu hien
hanh vi xam pham BMDT tinh theo phin
tram (%) so cau tra loi o timg muc do co
thi thiy ro hon thuc trang nay.
Tren 74% s6 nguoi duoc hoi da tra
Icri "khong bao gi6" thuc hiSn nhung

hanh vi nhu "xem trom nh|t ki, ghi am
cuOc tro chuySn, luu tru tai lieu cOa

Nguyen Thi Tie vd tgk

nguoi khac khi khong dupe sir dong y
cua hp". 87,7% "khong bao gia" "thue
nguoi tim hieu thong tin cua nguoi khac
nhu: moi quan h6, nghe nghiep, ten tuoi,
nai 6, s6 dien thoai...". Tren 91%
"khong bao gia" "sao chep, trao doi, mua
ban hay tu y vao phong lay cip BMDT
cua nguai khac khi khong dupe sir dong
y cua hp". Day cung 1^ m6t tin hieu dang
mimg cho thay nguoi dan da bat dau y
thirc hon trong viec ton trpng va bao ve
BMDT nguoi khac.
3.1.2. Thuc trgng tinh chdt bieu hien cua
timg hdnh vi xdm phgm BMDT nguai
khdc a nguai truang thanh tre tuoi (xem
bdng 2)

Bdng 2. Thuc trgng tinh chdt bieu hien cua timg hdnh vi xdm phdm BMDT
nguoi khdc a nguai truang thanh tre tuoi

STT

1
2
3

4

5

6

Cdc hanh vi xam pham

Dpc trpm tin nhan dipn
tho^i ciia ngudi khac
Xem trpm nhft ki cua
ngudi khac
Chup anh ngudi khac khi
khong dugc sir dong y
cuahp
Ghi am lai cugc noi
chuyen trong luc mpi
ngudi khong de y
Tilt Ig bi mdt cua mdt
ngudi tren internet ma
nguoi iy khdng dpng y
Ti6t Id bi mdt ciia ngudi
khac trong cugc tro
chuyen ma hg khong

Cach thirc bieu hl^n hanh vl
Tinh theo ti 1$ %
& tirng mirc dp
Vira cong

Cong
Che
ithai, vira
khai
giau
che giau

Tinh
theo
DTB

Thii
hang

B|
l|ch
chuan

40,8

35,7

23,5

1,81

9

0,795

15

37,5

47,5

2,42

2

0,747

53,1

29,2

17,7

1,65

ID

0,767

21,8

36,9

41,3

2,15

6

0,816

35

32,5

32,5

2,02

7

0,891

32,1

34,6

33,3

2,01

8

0,814

So 49 nam 2013

Tgp chi KHOA HOC BHSP TPHCM

7

8

9

10

11

12

dongy
Luu giu mpt s6 tai li^u bi
mdt cua ngudi khac ma
hg khong biet hay khdng
dongy
Sao chep BMDT cda
ngudi khac ra thanh nhilu
bdn khi hg khong cho
phep
Thu8 ngudi tim hieu
thdng tin cua ngudi khac
nhu: mli quan hp, nghe
nghiep, ten tuli, noi d, so

dien thoai...
Trao doi ho^c mua ban
nhihig thong tin bi m|t
ciia ngudi khac
Tg y vao e-mail cua
ngudi khac ma khdng xin
phep
Tu y vao phdng ri^ng ciia
ngudi khac de liy cip
mpt so thdng tin ca nhdn
cua ngudi do

20,4

27,3

52,3

2,32

4

0,800

15,4

30,8

53,8

2,38

3

0,768

21,1

26,3

52,6

2,32

4

0,820

22,2

11,1

66,7

2,44

1

0,882

44,4

9,3

46,3

2,02

7

0,961

16,6

41,7

41,7

2,17

5

0,835

d bang 2, sl lidu thong ke vl ti Id
phin ttdm, DTB, thil hsrag va dO Idch
chudn chi dugc tinh ttdn lihirng ngudi cd
bilu hidn hdnh vi xdm phjm BMDT
ngudi khac cdn nhiing ngudi khdng cd
bieu hidn hdnh vi xdm pham se khdng

dugc tinh.
Kit qud tinh theo DTB eho thiy tit
cd cdc hanh vi xdm pham BMDT ngudi
khdc dugc thgc hign vol cdch thilc vita
cdng khai vira che giiu (DTB chung dao
dgng tit 1,65 din 2,44. Kit qud ndy cho
thay mgi ngudi da y thiic dugc day la
nhirng hdnh vi khdng dugc phep ldm ndn
da che giiu nd khi thuc hidn, nhimg vi
chua bj xu li nghidm minh ndn vdn cdn
cdng khai.

10

Kit qua nghidn ciiu (tinh theo ti le
%) d phin nay cho thiy sg da dang ttong
each thitc bieu hidn. Chdng han, hanh vi
"tilt Ig bi mat ciia mgt ngudi ttdn
internet" vd "tilt Id bi mgt cila ngudi
khdc ttong cugc ttd chuygn" ma hg
khdng ding y till so phdn ttdm ngudi
thuc hidn mgt cdch "cdng khai", "vita
cdng khai viia che giiu", va "che giiu"
chiem ti Id gin tucmg ducmg nhau (diu
ttdn 30%). Nhiing hdnh vi dd thuc hifn
vd it hi phdp ludt xii li cd ti Ig cdch thiic
thuc hidn mgt each cdng khai chilm tm
the nhu hdnh vi "dgc ttgm tin nhdn di?n
thogi" (40,8%) hogc "chgp anh ngudi
khdc khi khdng dugc sg ddng y cua hg"

(53,1%). Ngugc lgi, nhiing hdnh vi nao


Tap chi KHOA HQC OHSP TPHCM

kh6 thuc hien va hay bj phap luat "nhom
ngo", ran de thi khi thuc hi$n, da s6 deu
che giiu nhu hanh vi "ghi ^ " hoac
"xem trom nhat ki", hanh vi "tu ^ vao email" hay "tu y v^o phong ri8ng nguoi
kh^c trpm thong tin" (tir khoang 41% 47%). Nhimg loai hanh vi de bi truy t6 va
xet xu thi khi thuc hien, nhi^u ngucri
chpn each thuc che giau nhu cac loai
hanh vi "luu tni tai lieu BMDT nguoi
khac", "sao chep BMDT nguoi khac",
"thue ngucri tim hilu thong tin BMDT
ngudi khac" (tren 52%), va hanh vi "trao
doi mua ban th6ng tin" (66,7%). K6t qua
nay cho thay ngudi truang thanh tre tu6i
dS bit dau dinh hinh dupe day la nhiing
hanh vi vi pham phap luat, tuy nhien van
chua y thuc dupe muc dp ton h^i ciing
nhu hau qua cua vi^c minh lam, dieu do
dupe phan anh ro r?t 6 ti le s6 ngu6i vi

Nguyen Thi 7«' vd tgk

phgm duoi hinh thitc "cong khai" va
"vira cong khai vira che giiu" vin con
cao.
Nhu vay, co the noi rang, tiiy thupc

vao timg hanh vi, hoan canh va timg chu
thS ma each thue bieu hien eac hanh vi
xam ph^m BMDT rat khac nhau. Tuong
ung voi moi each bieu hien khac nhau se
phan anh muc dO nghiSm trpng eua hanh
vi. Nhiing hanh vi cong khai thi dl dang
bi phat hien va duoc ngan chSn. Tuy
nhien, nhiing harih vi ehe giau se kho bi
phat hien hem, vi vay, moi nguoi truong
thanh tre tuoi eiing nhu phap lu^t c§n co
cac bien phap ph6ng chong xSm pham
dai tu mpt each hieu qua hon.
3.2, Nguyen nhan d&n din hdnh vi
xam phgm BMDT ngirdi khdc & ngirdi
trir&ng thanh tri tuoi
3.2.1. Nguyen nhdn chu quan (xem bdng 3)

Bdng 3. Nguyen nhdn chu quan dan den hanh vi xdm phgm BMDT ngudi khdc
a ngudi trudng thdnh tre tuoi
STT

N$i dung

1
2

Do nhdn thiic ciia toi con h^n che
Do tdi chua hi^u ro the nao Id BMDT
Do tdi chua hi^u rd the nao la hiinh vi xam ph^m
BMDT

Do toi khong ludng hdt dugc cdc hau qua cua
vide xam ph^m BMDT
Do tdi nghT rdng co xam ph9m cung khong bj xii
phat
Cho rdng minh khdng xam ph^m
Do tdi thich thu va to md mudn bidt
Do tdi CO nhu cdu tim hieu

3
4
5
6
7
8

So ngirM
tra loi

Tile

%

Thir
h^ng

22
11

12,9
6,4

3
5

7

4,1

7

20

11,7

4

10

5,8

6

4
59
38

2,3
•34,5
22,2

8
1
2

»9
l^ch
chuan

1,946


SS 49 ndm 2013

Tap chi KHOA HOC OHSP TPHCM

hai nhdm hdnh vi dugc nhidu ngudi ttd
Nguyen nhdn chu quan din ddn
ldi dung nhit dd la: Nhdm hdnh vi tg -y
hdnh vi xdm phgm BMDT ngudi khdc
bdc, md, dgc, nghe ttdm cdc thdng tin
phin ldn Id do nhdn thitc, thdi do vd nhu
BMDT cua ngudi khdc (78,4%) vd nhdm
ciu cd nhdn, ttong dd nhflng nguydn nhdn
hanh vi xdm nhdp vd liy cdp nhiing thong
vl thdi dg vd nhu cdu chidm ti Id kha cao.
tin cd nhan cua ngudi khdc (66,7%). Cd
Nhu ciu cdn tim hilu chilm ti Id 22,2%
15,8% nhdn thiic sai vl tac hai ciia hanh
vd thdi do thich thii, td md chilm 34,5%".
•

vi xdm pham BMDT ngudi khdc.
Cdc nguydn nhdn thugc vd nhdn thirc,
thdi dg, nhu ciu dugc bilu hidn mgt cdch
+ v l thai dg: Cd 27,5% cam thiy
chi tilt vd cu thd nhu sau:
rit binh thudng vi ai ciing cd bi mdt cua
ridng minh, 11,7% cdm thiy vui vi vira
+ v l nh?n thiic: Cd 49,1% hilu sai
bilt dugc mgt tiidng tin thii vj. Tuy
vd khdi nidm BMDT. Da sd hg chua xdc
dinh rd nhflng thdng tin nao la BMDT
nhidn, cd tdi 43,9% cdm thiy hdi h0n sau
ndn cd ti Id ttd ldi sai ldn tdi 73,7% ddi
khi cd hdnh vi xdm pham BMDT ngudi
vdi thdng tin vd cdc mdi quan he bgn be,
khdc.
ddng nghidp cua cd nhan. Cd 62,5% trd
+ Vd nhu ciu: Cd 69% cd nhu ciu
ldi sai khi dugc hdi nhu thd ndo Id hdnh
tim hilu thdng tin BMDT ngudi khdc.
vi xdm phgm BMDT ngudi khdc. Chi cd
3.2.2. Nguyen nhdn khdch quan
Bing 4. Nguyen nhdn khdch quan ddn den hdnh vi xdm phgm BMDT
ngudi kiidc d ngudi trudng thdnh Ire tudi
STT

Ngi dung

1
2

3
4

Vi c6 ngudi ep bugc toi
Vi c6 ngudi thue tdi
Vi ngudi do da tiet Ig bi mdt cua tdi
Vi b^n bd hodc ngudi than nhd vd
Vi phdp ludt hudng dan xii ph^t hdnh vi nay
chua cy the
Vi nhiing H do khac
Khdng vi li do khach quan nao

5
6
7

Bdng 4 cho thay, nguydn nhan chti
ydu ddn din hdnh vi xam pham BMDT
cua ngudi khdc Id do cdc ylu td chu quan
tdc dgng Id chinh. Cd din 46,2% s l
ngudi dugc hdi dd xdc nhjn cd hdnh vi
xdm pham khdng vi li do khdch quan
ndo, tuy nhidn, cQng cd mgt sl li do
khdch quan vdi ti Ig ddng lim y Id:
12

Songurdi
tra Idi

Tilf

%

Thii
hang

13
3
16
17

7,6
1,8
9,4
9,9

5
7
4
3

16

9,4

4

23
79

13,5
46,2

2
1

0?
I^h
chuan

1,956

Vi ban be hoJc ngudi than nhd vd
(9,9%);
Vi ngucri khac tilt Ig bi m$t cua tdi
(9.4%)r
'
. _ .,,^
Vi phdp lugt hudng dan xir^phgt
hdnh vi ndy chua eg thi (9,4%).
Dilu nay cimg phan dnh diing thgc
ttang xa hgi hidn nay khi cac hanh vi xdm


Tap chi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM

pham BMDT duprc dang tai nhieu tren
c^c phuong ti?n truyln thong nhung khi
xet xil cdc vu an co lien quan thi vo eung
kho khan va phue t^p.

3.3. Mgt so bi^n phdp nhdm phong
chSng hanh vi xdm pham BMDT ngudi
khdc
Tix viec nghien cuu H luan, thuc
tr^ng va nguySn nhdn ciia cac hanh vi
xam pham BMDT ngucri khae, chiing toi
de xuit mpt s6 bien phap nhim phong
ehong cac loai hanh vi nay nhu sau:
Bi^n pitdp 1: Nang cao nhan thiic
ve eac hanh vi xam pham BMDT va hau
qua eiia viec xam pham BMDT ngucri
khac bing nhieu hinh thtic nhu: cac cuoc
thi, bao eao chuyen de, tuyen truyen, tieu
pham kjch, bang ron, khau hieu...
Bi^n phdp 2: Nguai truang thanh
tre tuoi can co y thiic giao due va tu giao
d\ic nhu cau, dpng co, tinh earn phii hop
vcri nhthig chuan myc ehung ciia xa hOiBi^n phdp 3: Ren luy$n thoi quen
khong xam ph^im BMDT ciia ngucri khac
va su dung cae bifn phap ph6ng chong
nguy eo bj xam pham BMDT.
- Trong vi?c sii dung cac thiet bi dien
tii hay eac trang m ^ g xa hpi nhu:
Yahoo, Gmail, Facebook..., chiing ta
nen: h ^ che dang tai thong tin, hinh anh
doi tu cua minh tr6n internet; luon thoat
khoi tai khoan ca nhan sau khi sii dyng
chung thilt bi dien tii v6i ngu6i khac; cai
mat ma bao v? cho di?n thoai di dpng,
mdytfnh...

Trong giao tilp voi ngufiri than, ban
be cung can thiet thay doi chii de noi
chuyfn khi eo ngucri dl cap BMDT cua
ngucri khic ho^c cho nguoi khac bilt "toi

Nguyen Thi Tu vd tgk

khong thich nhung chuyen BMDT cua
ngucri khac" bang each khong tap trung
ling nghe, khong dap lai, la dinh, nhin
cho khac...
Trong viec lua chpn eac kenh giai
tri tren mang internet, can nha truac khi
vao mang internet, khong nen truy cap
vao cae trang web ca nhan cua ngucri
khac bang each viet ghi chu vao may
tinh, bcri khi khoi dpng may se hifn len
va nhic nho...
4.
Ket lu$n
Da so nguoi trudng thanh tre tuoi a
Thanh pho H6 Chi Minh diu eo mot s6
hanh vi xam pham BMDT nguoi khac,
tuy nhien miic dp bieu hien it, nghia la hp
CO vi pham tir 1 den 2 lan va tap trung 6
nhiing hanh vi de thuc hien va it co nguy
CO bj truy to truoc phap luat nhu chup
anh khong xin phep, dpe trpm tin nhan
dien thoai hay tilt 16 thong tin bi mat cua
nguai khac trong cac cuoc tro chuyen.

Tinh chat ciia cac hanh vi xam pham
BMDT nguofi khac rat phiic tap, chiing
duoc bieu hifn da dang tir c6ng khai den
che giau, nhung da so cac h^inh vi duac
thyc hien duoi hinh thirc vira cong khai
vira che giau.
Cac hanh vi nay dupe thyc hifn chii
yeu do cac nguyen nhan ben trong ca
nhan thiic diy nhu nhu eiu tim hilu
(22,2%), sy thich thii, to mo (34,5%)), eon
cae nguyen nhan khac deu chidm ti If
duoi 17%.
Voi kit qua khao sat thyc trang nhu
tren, ngucri trudng thanh tre tu6i can nang
cao hem nita nh$n thiic vl BMDT, giao
dye vk ty gido due thai dp, nhu ciu, dpng
ea diing din, ren luyfn thoi quen khong


Tap chi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM

SS 49 nam 2013

ndn xdm pham BMDT ngudi khdc. Ddi
vi pham ndy. Cd nhu vay, BMDT, cua
vdi phdp luat, cin cd nhflng quy djnh cu
ngudi khdc mdi dugc mpi ngudi tdn
thi ban nua vl vin dl nay, ddng thdi tiln ttgng va bdo ve.
hdnh xir phat nghidm minh nhiing hdnh vi
1.

2.
3.
4.
5.

TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
Pham Minh Hac (1999), Hdnh vi vd hogt dgng, Nxb Gido due.
Phgm Minh Hac (2002), Tuyin tap Tdm li hgc, Nxb Gido due.
^
Trin Hiep (chu bidn) (1996), Tdm li hgc xd hgi - Nhirng vdn di ll ludn, Nxb Khoa
hgc xa hdi. Ha Ngi.
Qudc hdi (2005), Bg ludt Ddn su cita nude Cgng hda xd hgi chu nghia Viet Nam,
Nxb Lao dgng.
Qudc hdi (2009), Bo ludt Hinh su (sua ddi bd sung 2009) cua nude Cgng hda xd hgi
ehu nghia Viet Nam, Nxb Hdng Diic.

(Ngiy Tda sogn nh$n duvc bii: 07-6-2013: ngdy phin bi$n ddnh gii: 18-6-2013:
ngiy chip nh$n dSng: 20-6-2013}

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