Tác động của quá trình toàn cầu hóa và hội nhập quốc tế đối với đời sống văn hóa tinh thần của giai cấp công nhân việt nam hiện nay

T A P C H I K H O A H O C T R U 6 N G O A I H O C M 6 T P , H C M - S < 5 1 (40)2015

75

TAG DONG CUA QUA TRINH TOAN CAU HOA vA HQI NHAP
QUOC TE DOI vdl DOI SONG VAN HOA TINH THAN CUA GIAI

CAP CONG NHAN VIET NAM HIEN NAY
Ngay nhan bai: 06/10/2014
Ngay nhjn l?i: 18/12i'20I4
Ngay duySt dang; 15/12/2014

Pham Thj Minh Nguyet'
u9

l( ^ I

0 2 (Todn cdu hda vd hdi nhap qudc te dang Id xu the tdt yiu, khdck quan, ldi cudn mgnh me su
tham gia ciia tdt cd cdc quoc gia vd khu vgc trin tbi gidi. Vdi tinh rdng ldn vdphuc tgp cda no,
loan cdu hda vd hoi nhgp qudc ti da vd dang ldc dQng mgnh me din tdt cd cdc quoc gia ddn tgc,
din tdl cd cdc link vuc cua ddi sdng xa hdi. din tdt cd cdc giai cdp, tdng l&p trong xd hdi. Ddi
vdi Vi4t Nam, lodn cdu hda vd kpi nkgp quoc te cdng dang tgo ra cd thdi ca, nhirng tdc ddng
tick cyrc ben cgnh cd nhirng nguy ca, nhiing tdc ddng tieu cifc doi vdi d&i song van hda tinh tkan
cua giai cdp cdng nhdn Viet Nam, doi hdi chung ta phdi tiip tuc nghiin ciru, pkdn tick de cd su
nhin nhgn, dank gid mgt cdch khdch quan. todn dien vi ran di trin.
Tir khoa: D&i sdng van hoa tinh thdn, giai cdp cdng nhdn, hdi nhdp qudc te, todn cdu hda.
ABSTRACT
Globalisation and international integration is an inevitable, objective trend which
attracted strong participation of all the countries and regions in the world. With its vastness and
complexity, globalization and international integration has exerted enormous influence on every

nation, on every aspect of social life, and on every social class and stratum in society.
For Vietnam, globalization and international integration is creating opportunities and
positive impact as well as risks and negative impact on the spiritual, cultural life of the
Vielnamese working class, wkich requires us to continue to study in order to have an objective
and comprehensive understanding and assessment ofthe issue.
Keywords: spiritual cultural life, working class, international integration. Globalisation.
1, Dat van de
Toan cdu hda " la ragt qua ttinh biln cdc
vung mien, cdc cgng ddng ngudi khac nhau tir
ttang thai biet Igp. tach rdi nhau thdnh mdt
tt^ng thai khac ve chdt, bdng su lien kit g k bd
thanh mgt thl thdng nhdt hiru co tt8n quy md
loan cdu. Khi do, mdt su kien, mgt hien tugng,
mgt vdn de xay ra d vimg mien nay, d cdng
ddng ngudi nay se cd anh hudng, tdc ddng tdi
cac viing mien, cac cgng ddng ngudi khac tten
quy md loan the gidi" (Quat, 2003, tt.11-14).
Hdi nhgp kinh le qudc td Id qua tiinh "md ciia"
nln kinh te, dua cac doanh nghigp trong nudc
'ThS, TnimiBD#ilnifDonBNdi. Email pli,immiiJi;i];iiyell55@yaIioo,ix>in.>n

lham gia tich cyc vao canh tranh qudc te, tham
gia vao phan cdng lao ddng qudc te nham md
rdng khdng gian vd tbi trudng dl chilm ITnh
nhung vi tti phu hgp nhat cd the dugc trong
quan he kinb t l quoc tl. Trong bdi canh toan
cau bda, hdi nhap quoc tl dang diln ra sdu
rgng nhu hien nay, dl bdt kip su phal tiiln ciia
thai dai, Viet Nam da "chii dgng hgi nhdp kinh
te quoc tl va khu vyc" tten ca sd nlidn thtrc

sau sdc vl thdi co. Uiugn Igi cung nhu khd
khan thach thirc tten tat cd cdc ITnh vyc cua ddi
song xa hgi ma lodn cdu hda va hdi nhdp qudc
t l dem Igi. Xet d phuang dien van hda, toan
cdu hda va hdi nhdp quoc t l cd tac ddng manh


CHiNH TR! - XA HOl

me, sau sdc den ddi sdng van hda tinh thdn ciia
tdt ca cac giai cdp, tdng ldp trong xa hgi tren
ca hai mgl vira tich cue vira tieu cue, ttong do
ddi sdng van hda tinh thdn cua giai cap cdng
nhan Viet Nam cfing khdng nam ngoai sy tac
dgng nay.
Giai cdp cdng nhan Viet Nam la "mgt
lyc lugng xa hgi to ldn, dang phat ttien, bao
gdm nhung nguin lao ddng chdn tay va tri dc,
lam cdng hudng luang ttong cac loai hinh sdn
xuat kinh doanh va dicb vu cdng nghigp, hodc
sdn xudt kinh doanh va dich vu cd tinh chat
cdng nghiep" (Dang Cdng san Vigt Nam,
2008, tr.43). Trong su nghiep ddi mdi hign
nay, giai c ^ cdng nhan Vigt Nam khdng chi
lang nhanh ve sd lugng ma cdn cd nhung
chuyen biln quan ttgng ve chat Iugng va ca
cdu. Theo sd lieu thdng ke cua Tdng Lien doan
Lao dgng Viet Nam, tinh den nay, tdng sd
cdng nhdn nudc ta udc llnh cd khoang 12,6
trieu ngudi, chiem 11% dan so va 21% lyc

lugng lao dgng xa hgi (Timg, 2011, tt.47), bao
gora sd cdng nhan Iam vigc ttong cac doanh
nghiSp thudc cdc thanh phdn kinh te, sd Iao
dgng Viet Nam dang lam viec theo hgp ddng d
nudc ngoai, sd Iao dgng chdn tay ttong cac co
quan ciia Dang, Nha nudc, doan the. Tuy sd
lugng cdn khd khiem ldn, nhung hang nam ddi
ngu cdng nhdn nudc la da tgo ra khdi lugng
san phdm chiem tten 60% tdng thu nhgp qudc
ddn, dam bdo tten 70% ngdn sdch nha nudc
(Timg, 2011, tt.47). Trinh do hgc van, ttinh do
chuyen mdn ky thuat, ky nang nghe nghiep
cua cdng nhan nudc ta timg budc dugc nang
cao. Ddc biet, lrong nhiing nam gdn ddy. nen
kinh te nudc ta da xudt hien mdl sd nganh kinh
te mui nhgn vdi trinh dg ky thudt - cdng nghg
cao nen bg phan cdng nhdn ttong cdc ngdnh
nay tang manh va dang ttd thdnh lyc lugng
ndng cdt day nhanh qua Irinh tri tbiic bda cdng
nhdn d nudc ta. Tuy nhien, hien nay, ttmh do
hgc van, trinh do chuyen mdn ciia giai cap
cdng nhdn Viet Nam vdn chua dap img dugc
yeu cau phal ttien kinh le xa hdi cua dat nudc.
Ty Ig Iao ddng qua dao tgo d nudc la kha thap,
lrong khi dd con sd ndy d cac nudc trong khdi
NICs, NIEs thudng cao gap 2,5-3 ldn Viet
Nam (H^u, 2012, tt.108). Co cdu cua giai cdp
cdng nhdn Viet Nam cOng dang cd su chuyln
bien rd ret d tat ca cdc nganh nghl, cac ITnh

vyc va d tat ca cdc thanh phan kinh te lheo
diing djnh hudng cdng nghidp hda, hign dgi
hda dat nudc. Cung vdi nhung chuyen bien vl
sd lugng, chat lugng va co cau, ddi sdng ciia
giai cap cdng nhdn Vigt Nam ndi chung, ddi
sdng van hda tinh than ciia giai cap cdng nhan
ndi rieng, dang cd nhimg bien ddi nhat dinh.
Han nfia, khi raa Viet Nam ngay cang tham
gia sdu rdng vao qud trinh loan cau hda va hdi
nhgp qudc le thi tdl yen ddi sdng van hda tinh
than cua giai cdp cdng nhan nudc ta Igi cang
biln ddi nhanh chdng do sy lac ddng tryc tiep
tir qud trinh nay tten ca phuang dign tlch cue
lln tieu cyc. Ddi sdng van hda tinh than la mdt
vdn de rdng Idn, bao gdm nhilu linh vuc: tu
ludng, dgo diic. ldi sdng, khoa hgc, giao dye,
nghe thugt, lin nguong ldn giao,... Cac linh
\'uc dd cd radi quan hg chat che, lac d^ng qua
lgi, quy dinh lan nhau vira the hien tinh phong
phli, da dgng vira bao ham tinh dan xen, phiic
tgp. Do do, xudt phdt lir ddi tugng nghien ciiu
la ddi sdng van bda tinh thdn ciia giai cap cdng
nhdn, trong pham vi cua bdi bao nay, tac gia
gidi hgn viec nghien cihi tac ddng oia qua
trinh toan cdu hda va hgi nhdp qudc tl ddi vdi
ddl sdng van bda tinh than Hen quan true tilp
din giai cap cdng nhdn Viet Nam - luc lugng
lao dgng cdng nghiep d Viet Nara - ti^n mdt
sd ITnh vuc ca ban nhu: tu tudng, dgo diic. ldi
sdng, khoa hgc, gido dye, nghg thuat.

2. Noi dung
2.1. Tdc dgng cua qud trinh todn cau
hda vd hgi nkgp quoe te doi vdi tir tirdng, dao
due, loi sdng
Tren co so nhdn thiic sau sac ve loan cau
bda va hdi nhap quoc te, xuat phat tir boi canh
qudc te vd ttong nudc cd nhieu bien ddi, dua
tten nhigm vu kinh te - xa hgi va nhfing \'an de
tiiuc tien ciia dat nudc ttong thdi ky mdi. Dang
ta da khang dinh "chii dgng hdi nhgp kinh te
Iranh thii mgi thdi ca de phdt trien tten nguyen
t5c gifi viing dgc lap ty chu vd dinh hudng xa
hgi chii ngJiTa, chii quyen quoc gia va ban sac
van boa dan tdc, binh ddng ciing cd Igi, \'ira cd
hgp tac, vira dau tranh da dang hod, da phuang
bda cac quan he kinh le ddi ngoai, de cao canh
gidc tnrdc mgi am muu phd hoai ciia cac the
Iuc thil dich" (Dang COng Sdn Viet Nam,
2005, tt.SlI], Dudi sy lanh dao ciia Dang, su


TAP CHI KHOA HOC TRUONG OAI HQC M 6 TP.HCM - S6 1 (40) 2015
quyet tdm ddng thuan cua toan he thdng chinh
tri vd toan xa hgi, chiing la da budc ddu dat
dugc mdl sd thdnh tuu to Idn vd kha todn dien
tren nhieu Imh vyc, bg ragt kinh le - xd hgi ciia
Viet Nam cd nhieu khdi sac. ddi sdng vgt chat
va tinh thdn ciia nhan ddn dugc cai thign dang
ke. Nbung tbanb tvm budc dau dd da tac dgng
tich cyc den tdm tu, tinh cam, ciing cd Idng lin,

s\r ung hd cua nhdn ddn ndi chung, ciia giai
cap cdng nhan ndi rieng vdi cac chu truang
chinh sach cua Dang.
Giai cap cdng nhdn Viet Nam vdn vira
mdi Ihodt thai tir phuong thiic san xuat Igc
hau, khep kin manh miin, lgi ttai qua mgl thdi
gian kha ddi ciia co che ke hoach hda tap trung
quan heu bao cap nen tu ludng, nhgn tbiic, tap
quan, thdi quen Igc hdu, bao thii, tti tte vdn cdn
hien dien kha rd net ttong ddi sdng tmh than
cua mdt bg phdn khdng nhd cdng nhan nudc
ta. Qua trinh loan cau hda va hdi nhdp kinh t l
qudc te hien nay ddi hdi d ngudi cdng nhan sy
nang ddng, sang tao, nhay ben trong each nghT
va lam, ttong hgp tac vd canh ttanh vdi cac
qudc gia tten the gidi. Han nfia, hdi nhgp qudc
te tang cudng moi giao luu kinh te van hda lao
dieu kien cho giai cdp cdng nhan cd co hdi
dugc tiep thu cac he tu tudng tien bg, each tu
duy nang dgng, chudn muc dao diic, Idi sdng
van minh hign dai ciia cac qudc gia phat trien,
nhd do da gdp phdn hgn che, loai bd dan
nhirng yeu td tieu cyc ttong ddi sdng tinh than
ciia cdng nhdn, lam cho tu tudng, nhan thiic
ciia ngudi cdng nhan ngay radt nang ddng, cdi
md, nhay ben va linh hogl phu hgp vdi yeu cdu
ciia thdi dai mdi.
Todn cdu hda va hgi nhdp kinh te qudc te
lac ddng manh me vao tinh than dan tdc, y
thiic cdng ddng, kich thich tinh than ddn tdc

phat trien, cung cd Idng tu hao ve ljch su vd
van bda dan tgc, phat huy tinb than tu lyc ty
cudng ciia giai cdp cdng nhan trong sy nghiSp
xay dung ndn van hda Vigt Nam lien lien, dgm
da ban sdc dan tgc. Ddng thdi vdi qua trinh dd
la nang cao tinh than ddu ttanh ciia giai cap
cdng nhan chdng Iai nhiing ludng "tu tudng,
van bda phan lien bg, ttai vdi nhihig Iruyen
thong lot dep ciia dan tdc vd nhung gid tri cao
quy cua loai ngudi, trdi vdi phuang hudng di
len chu nghTa xa hgi" (Ddng Cdng San Viet

Nam, 2005, tr.l I), xda bd nhfing tan du van
hda cu, ngan chgn sy xam nhgp cua cai phan
vdn hda, phan gid tri, ddu ttanh khdng khoan
nhugng vdi cac hien tugng vi pham dao diic
va phap lugt cua xa hgi, canh gidc vdi nhiing
lugn dieu xuySn tac, chdng pha va cac am muu
lgi dung vdn hda de thyc hign am muu phd
hoai, ldt dd cua cac the lyc tbu dich.
Cd the thay, loan cau hda va hdi nhap
qudc tc da lac dgng mgnh me den tu ludng dao
dire Idi sdng cua quan chiing nhan dan ndi
chung, ttong do cd giai cap cdng nhdn Viet
Nam, nhu ddnh gid cua Dang Cgng sdn Viet
Nam "Tu tudng, dao dire va Idi sdng la nhung
ITnh vuc then chdt ciia vdn hda, dd cd nhiing
chuyen bien quan trgng. Y ihuc phan dau cho
ddc lap ddn tdc va cbii nghla xd hgi, tinh thdn
trach nhiem va nang lyc td chiic thyc lien ciia

can bd, dang vien dugc nang len mgl budc,
Nhilu net radi ttong gia tri van hda va chudn
myc dgo diic timg budc hinh thdnh. Tinh ndng
ddng va tinh tich cyc cdng dan dugc phdt huy,
sd trudng va nang lyc ca nhdn dugc khuyen
khich. Khdng klii dan chii ttong xa hgi tang
len. The he tte tiep thu nhanh nhung kien thurc
radi va cd y chi vuon len lap than, lgp nghigp,
xdy dung va bao vg Td qudc" (Dang Cgng San
Vigt Nam, 1998, tt.l51-l52).
Ben canh nhiing ldc ddng tich cue ke
tten, qua trinh loan cau hda va hgi nhdp qudc
tl Cling cd nhung tdc dgng tieu c y c d e n tu
tudng, dao diic, ldi sdng ciia giai cap cdng
nhan Viet Nam.
Trudc qua ttinh loan cau hda va hgi nhap
qudc tl ngay cang sdi dgng, ttudc su thoai trao
ciia chd nghTa xa bdi, ttudc siic mgnh kinh te
ciia cdc nudc phdt trien vd nhung khd khan,
thdch thiic, tiiiet thdi ma cac nudc ngheo, cac
nudc dang phat ttiln phai gdng minh chap
nhdn, khdng it y kiln, quan diem xet lai, thdi
dg hodi nghi, dao ddng xudt hien d nudc ta da
lam cho mgl bd phan nhan dan, ttong dd cd ca
cdng nhdn, rai vao do tudn^, rao hd, lham chi
thd a, bdng quan hoac mat canh giac ttudc
nhiing ludn dieu sai trai.
Qua trinh todn cau hda va hdi nhdp qudc
te cfing Iam xudt hien va phal tan mgt each
nhanh chdng nliung ludng tu tudng dgc hai.

CHfNH TRI - XA HOl

cdc chuan muc dao dire, ldi sdng lai cang, tliuc
dyng, ca nhan, vi ky. Cimg vdi do, thdng qua
toan cdu hda va hdi nhdp qudc te, vd sd Iogi
hinh vdn hda phdm phdn dgng, ddc hai da va
dang tham nhgp vao nudc ta thdng qua nhieu
con dudng khac nhau, timg ngay timg gid thdm
thau gay anh hudng tieu cyc den ddi song vdn
hda linh than cua giai cdp cdng nhan. Cang hdi
nhgp sdu rdng vao xu the loan cau hda, tbdng
qua lien ket kinh te gifia cdc qudc gia, thdng
qua mgng ludi thdng tin loan can, nguy ca xa
rdi van hda tmyen thdng, coi thudng nhiing gia
tri tinh hoa ciia ddn lgc, danh mdl bdn sac dan
tgc ngay cang the hign rd ttong ragt bg phan
cdng nhan. Mat khac, Igi dung qua trinh loan
cdu hda va hgi nhgp qudc ll, cac the lyc thu
dich chdng pha chii ngjiTa xa hdi khdng ngimg
thuc hiSn chien lugc "dien bien hda binh" bang
nhieu thii doan tinh vi, biem dgc, ttong dd ddi
tugng chii yeu ma chung nham tdi la thanh
nien cdng nhan hdng lam cho hg mdt dinh
hudng lrong nhan thiic, tu tudng, lung Igc y
chi, niem tin, suy thoai dao diic, ldi sdng, phai
nhat ly tudng, muc tiSu chii ngbia xa hdi, tir dd
lara suy ylu vai ttd, sire manh ciia giai cap
cdng nhdn, can ttd sy nghiep cdng nghiep hda,

hign dai hda ddl nudc va cdng cudc xdy dyng
chii nghTa xa hdi d Viet Nam.
2.2. Tdc dpng ciia qua trinh todn cau
hoa vd kgi nliap quoc te doi vdi kkoa kpc,
gido due
Qud trinb loan cdu hda va hdi nhdp qudc
le da md ra co hgi ldn cho ngudi cdng rihdn
Viet Nara khdng nhung dugc tilp can, hgc hdi
cac gia tri van hda tien bg ciia thdi dgi; dac
biet la tri thiic khoa hgc tien tiln, ky thudt
cdng nghe hien dai, kinh nghiem id chiic va
qudn ly Iao ddng cua cdc nudc, ma cdn tgo
dieu kign phat tiien quan he hap tac, giao luu
va tang cucmg radi quan he doan kit, tuang ttg
vdi giai cdp cdng nhan vd nhan dan tiln bd
tt^n the gidi. Nhd do, ngudi cdng nhan Viet
Nam dugc md rdng tdm hilu biet, ddn khde
phuc Idi tu duy va phuang phap Iao dgng lheo
cam tinh, true quan, kinh nghiem dugc tao nen
ttr nen sdn xuat tieu ndng, ren luyen cho hg
quen vdi ^ thiic va phuang phap lao dgng khoa
hgc, tac phong cdng nghiep, tirng budc bdi
dudng cho ngudi cdng nhan Viet Nam nhung

td chat va nang lyc cdn thilt 6i ttd thdnh
ngudi cdng nhdn hign dai. Khdng chi vdy, do
cdn Id CO hdi de giai cdp cdng nhdn Vigt Nam
nil ngdn ddn khoang cdch ve trinh dg vdi ciia
giai cap cdng nhdn d cac nudc ttong khu vuc
va tren thl gidi, nang cao kha nang canh tranh

cua sire lao dgng va ciia hang hda Viet Nam
tten till trudng the gidi.
Qua trinh loan cdu hda va bgi nhdp qudc
te ddy nhanh quy md, nhip do oia thuang mai
qudc le va phat trien thj trudng loan cdu ca bl
rgng ldn be sdu. Hang hda trong thdi ky loan
cdu hda va hdi nhgp qudc te khdng cdn niim
trong khudn khd chgt hep cua bien gidi mgt
qudc gia ma da dugc tu do luu thdng tten quy
md lien qudc gia va the gidi. Do dd, cac doanh
nghiep mudn diing vung tren thi trudng va
thdng the ttong mdi trudng canh tranh gay gdt
nay, bugc phdi nhanh chdng cap nhdt, ddi mdi
day chuyen san xuat hiSn dgi de ndng cao nang
suat va chdt Iugng san phdra hang hda. Hon
nfia, trong thdi ky bimg nd cua khoa hgc ky
thudt nhu hign nay, doanh nghigp lgi cdng phai
lang loc trong qua trinh chgy dua chuyen giao
khoa hgc cdqg nghg, ddi mdi ddy chuyen sdn
xudt hign dai. Theo dd, le tdt ylu, giai cdp
cdng nhdn - luc lugng van hdnh nhung day
chuyen san xudt dy - cung phdi cd dugc ttinh
do khoa hgc tuong img. Day chtnh la dgng lyc
manh me thuc ddy mdi ngudi cdng nhdn
khdng ngimg vuan len hoan thien chuyen
radn, nghiep vu, ky nang n ^ e nghiep de dap
ung yeu cdu cua su nghiep cdng nghiep hda,
hien dai hda ddt nudc.
Tham gia %'ao loan cau hda va hgi nhdp
qudc te, ben cgnh ca hdi hgp lac, phat tiiln kinh

le, Viel Nara cd dieu kien thudn lgi ddy raanh
quan he hgp ldc qudc te tren cac ITnh vuc nghien
ciiu khoa hgc, giao dye, dao lao, khoa hgc cdng
nghg. Dieu nay dd giiip cho nudc ta khdng chi
ttanh thil dugc nguon vdn, kinh nghiem cua
nudc ban raa cdn la ca hgi tang cudng lien kk
vdi cac td cbiic giao due. Id chuc dao tao nghe
uy tin khu vuc va qudc te trong xay dyng cac co
sd dao lao hign dai, cgp nhdt gido trinh tdi lieu,
chuyen giao co sd vat ch^t phyc vu dgy - hgc,
ttao ddi thdng tin khoa hgc, dao tao bdi dudng
giao vien dgy nghe,... Nhd dd, he thdng giao dye
- dao tgo ciia nudc la tung budc phat trien hien


TAP CHf KHOA HQC TRLfONG OAI HOC M 6 TP.HCM - S6 1 (40) 2015
dgi, vira nang cao chat Iugng giao dye, dao tgo
nghe cho cdng nhdn, vira md ra nhieu ca hgi
thudn lgi cho cdng nhdn tham gia hgc lap, gdp
pban quan ttgng trong nang cao trinh do hgc
vdn, trinh dd chuyen mdn ky thuat cua giai cdp
cdng nhan Viet Nam.
Song song vdi nhirng thdi co, thuan Igi
do loan cdu hda va hgi nhdp quoc te raang Iai,
can phai nhin nhgn ragt thyc tl qua trinh ndy
ciing d|lt ra nhieu thdch thiic ddi vdi cdc quoc
gia dang phat tiien nhu Viet Nam khi ma
chiing ta dang gap phdi nhilu ban che: yeu vl
ndng lyc cgnh tranh, ve vdn, ve ndng luc quan
ly, ve trinh do khoa bgc cdng nghe, vd yen ve

chat Iugng ngudn lyc cdng nhan. Trong nhung
nam qua, giai cdp cdng nhan Viet Nam tuy da
cd nhung budc chuyen bien quan ttgng ca ve
sd Iugng, chat lugng ca cdu nhung ve ca bdn
van "chua dap ung dugc yeu cdu ve sd Iugng,
CO cau va trinh do hgc van, chuyen mdn, ky
nang nghe nghiep cua su nghiep cdng nghiep
hda, hign dgi hda va bdi nhap kinb te qudc te;
thieu nghiem ttgng cac chuyen gia ky thuat,
can bg qudn ly gidi, cdng nhdn ldnh nghe; tac
phong cdng nghiep va ky Iuat lao ddng cdn
nhieu bgn che: da pban cdng nhdn tii ndng dan,
chua dugc dao tgo co ban va cd he thdng"
(Dang Cdng San Viet Nam, 2008, tt.45). Day
la thach tbiic Idn ddi vdi giai cap cdng nhdn
Vigt Nam, neu kbdng vuon len pbat trien
ngang tam vdi thai dgi se la mdi de dga den su
on dinh chinh tii, kinh ll, xa hgi, nhat la nguy
CO tut ban xa ban \ e Idnh te.
Todn cdu hda va hdi nhgp qudc te lam
trdm ttgng them nan thdt nghiep va phdn hda
ttong ngi bd giai cap cdng nhdn Viet Nam.
Tham gia vao todn cau hda va hgi nhap qudc
ti, bg mat kinh tl Viet Nam da khdi sac ban,
tgo dgng Iuc thiic day cac thanh phan kinh te
ttong nudc phat trien mgnh mS, song su canh
tranh gifia chiing ciing cd phdn quylt liet ban.
Chinh su cgnh ttanh dd da Iam cho nhieu co sd
sdn xudt, nhieu doanh n ^ i e p bi pha san, nhieu
CO so sdn xual phdi tien hdnh linh gidn bien

chl. Tinh ttang dd lam tang them ddi ngfi
nhung ngudi khdng cd viec lam hoac cd viec
lam khdng ddy du. Han nfia, mdt bd phan
khdng nhd cdng nhan nudc la hien nay van
chua qua ddo tao bai ban, han che vl trinh dg

chuyen mdn ky thuat thi tinh trang thdl nghiep
khdng nhfing khdng giam raa cdn cd nguy ca
tang cao. Mgt khac, su phdn hda ve Igi ich,
trinh do, thu nhdp, raiic sdng, khd nang dap
ling nhu cdu vat chdt va tinli than giua cdng
nhdn d cac nganh nghl, cac thanh phdn kinh te
vd cac vimg mien ngay cdng sau sac, tham chi
cdng nhan ngay cung mdl doanh nghiSp cung
cd sy khac biet. Nhiing dilu ke tren dd it nhilu
lao nen sy xao ttdn, phdn hda vl tu tudng anh
hudng tieu cyc den tinh than doan ket, tuang
trg, y thuc ky ludt cfing nhu ve mat td chuc
ttong ngi bd giai cdp cdng nhan, lac ddng tieu
cue den vigc phat buy vai ttd, siic manh ciia
giai cdp lien phong ttong sy nghigp ddi mdi
dat nudc hign nay.
2.3. Tdc dpng cda qud trinh todn cdu
hda vd hpi nhap qudc ti ddi vdi ngki tkuat
Xet d phuang dign ti'ch cyc, lodn cau hda
va hdi nhap qudc le tgo co hdi cho nudc la
nhanh chdng chuyen giao vdn, ky nang, kinh
nghifm td chuc, phdt trien cdc ngdnh cdng
nghiep van hda va dich vu van hda, dgc bigt la
chuyen giao nhiing thdnh tuu cdng nghS ky

thugt mdi tren cdc llnh vyc truyen thdng,
truyen hinh, in dn, san xudt bang dXa am thanh
va hmh dnh, sdn xuat cdc phuang tign nghe
nhin, do dd da gdp phan khdng nhd vdo qua
trinh hien dai hda ca sd vat chdt ky thuat phuc
\u cho vi^c trien khai cac hoat ddng van hda
tinh thdn phuc vu nhan ddn ndi chung vd giai
cap cdng nhdn noi rieng.
Qua trinb todn cdu hda va hdi nhap qudc
te ddn tdi qua trinh ty do hda luu thdng san
phdra va djch vu van hda, ddy manh qua trinh
giao luu lien ket giua cdc td chiic van hda
trong nudc vdi cac td chirc van hda khu vuc,
qudc tl nhd dd cd ca hdi de tiep thu cdc thanh
tuu trong nghe thugt gdp phdn lam phong phii
thSm nln nghe thudt ciia nudc nlia, dap iing
nhu cau thudng thiic nghe thuat ngay cang cao
ciia giai cdp cdng nhdn. Them vao dd, su du
nhdp cac logi hinh van hda, nghe thugt, vui
chai giai tri, the tbao mdi, hien dai... ciia nudc
ngodi vao nudc ta da lam cho ngudi cdng nhdu
cd them nhieu dieu kien tiep xiic. lya chgn,
Ihudng thiic cac tdc pham nghe thuat cac hinh
thiic gidi tri chdt lugng cao phii hgp vdi tam
ly, thj hieu, nhu cdu ciia giai cap cdng nhdn


CHiNH TRI - XA HOl

nang cao su thda man nhu cdu thudng thirc

nghg thuat ciia giai cdp cdng nhan.
Ben canh dd, ddi sdng nghe thuat ciia
giai cdp cdng nhdn ciing khdng ttanh khdi
nhiing tdc ddng lieu cyc tir qua trinh lodn cdu
hda va hgi nhdp qudc te. Trudc bet, qua trinh
todn cdu hda vd hdi nhdp qudc tS tao ra mdi
trudng cgnh ttanh gay gal, va be qud ciia nd
ttSn ITnh vyc vdn hda do Id gia tang hien tugng
thuong mgi hda nghe thugt, vi phgm tdc quyen,
budn idu van hda phdm. Do bi chi phdi kha
mgnh me bdi xu budng thuang mai hda, hieu
qua kinh te tir lac pham nghg thudt ttd thanh
myc tieu hdng ddu ttong khi do gia tri thdm
my, linh giao dye va tinh dinh hudng xa hdi
ciia nghe thudt bi xem nhe, do vdy tten ITnh
vyc nghS thudt hiSn nay "cd il nhiing tdc pham
van hgc, nghe thugt cd gia tti cao ve tu ludng
va nghg thuat" (Ban Tuyen giao Tmng uang,
2014, tt.ll) nen it nhilu da tac dgng tieu cyc
den ddi sdng tinh thdn cua giai cap cdng nhan.
Thdng qua qua ttinh todn cau hda va hdi
nhgp qudc tl, nhieu san phdm nghS thuat cd
ndi dung bgo lyc, khieu dam, kinh di, ... dugc
truyen bd, phd bien vao nudc ta va van de nay
ttd Ihanh radi lo ngai cho nen van hda dan tdc.
Neu tinh ttang nay khdng dugc quan ly chat
che va ngan chgn kip tiidi thi nhung sdn phdm
phan van hda ndy se Id tac nhdn ddu dgc tara
Iy, lu tudng, hanh vi, dao diic, Idi sdng ciia con
ngudi va xa hgi, ldt ylu ngudi cdng nhdn ciuig

khdng ndm ngoai su tac ddng lieu cyc nay.
Vdi sy ldn manh ve tai chinh, ve ky
thudt, ve ttinh do chuyen radn hda, cac nudc
phat ttien dang gianh nhiing Igi the nhat dinb
ttong ITnh vyc san xuat, phdn phdi va tieu thy
cdc san phdm nghg thudt. Qua trinh ddy mgnh
ty do hda luu thdng san phdm nghg thuat thdng
qua todn cdu hda va hgi nhgp qudc te da lara
cho cac tdc phdm nghe thudt tren dugc phd
biSn rdng rdi tten tiie gidi. 6 Viet Nam hien
nay, phim My, Trung Quoc, Han Qudc chilm
mgt thdi lugng phat sdng kha nhilu ttSn truyin
hinh va chilm sd lugng chii ylu ttSn thi tiirdng
kinh doanh bdng dTa. Sy thao tiing va gdn nhu
dgc chiem vi tri ciia cac van hda phara nudc
ngoai, ben cgnh nhfing ylu td tich cyc, da
tiTjyIn bd va phd bien cac gia tri, chudn muc
dao diic ldi sdng kiSu phuang Tay thuc dung,

de dai, budng thd radt each rgng rai ttong ddi
sdng xa hgi, ddng thai tir cdc vdn hda phdm dd
ciing day len cdc ttao luu "hgc theo, lam theo"
tinh cdch, mdt thdi trang, each sdng, Idi iing
xii,... cua cac nhdn vdt, sy kign ttong phim anh
mgt each vd thiic, thieu chgn Igc gay hgi den
thuan phong ray luc ciia dan lgc. Day thyc su
la radt thach thiic Idn ddi vdi ddi sdng van hda
tinh than ciia xa hdi ndi chung va ciia giai cdp
cdng nhdn ndi rieng.
Dudi sy tac dgng thugn nghich cua loan

cau hda vd hdi nhap qudc te, ddi sdng van hda
tinh thdn cua giai cdp cdng nhdn Viet Nara viia
cd thai CO, van hgi radi dS phdt trien lanh
mgnh, ldt dep, tien bd song ddi mgl vdi khdng
it nguy CO, thdch thiic, va dap, nhdt Id nguy ca
suy thoai tu tudng dgo diic ldi sdng. phai nhat
ly tudng, muc lieu xa hgi chu nghTa, phai nhat
bdn sac van hda dan tdc. Do dd, dl khac phuc
bieu qua nhinig tac ddng tieu cyc cua toan cdu
hda va hdi nhap qudc te ddi vdi ddi song van
hda tinh than cua giai cdp cdng nhdn Vigt Nam,
Dang va Nhd nudc ta da dua ra nhieu chii
truang, chinh sach; thuc hien ddng bg, quyet
Iiet nhilu giai phap, trong dd, theo tac gid, cdn
tdp trung vao mgl sd giai phap chii yeu sau:
mgt la, "nang cao nhan thirc ciia toan xa hgi va
ban thdn ngudi cdng nhdn" ve ldm quan trgng
cua nhigm vy xay dung ddi sdng van hda tinh
thdn ciia giai cap cdng nhan (Tung, 2011,
tt236); hai la, "xay dyng, hoan thien va thuc
hign nghiem he thdng phdp lugt va cdc chinh
sach lien quan den xay dung ddi sdng van hda
tinb than cua giai cdp cdng nhan" (Dang Cgng
Sdn Viet Nam, 2008, tt.58); ba Id, tang cudng
cdng tac "dao lao, dao tao lgi va bdi dudng
ndng cao tiinh do hgc van, tiinh do chuyen
mdn, ky nang nghl nghigp" (Dang Cdng San
Viet Nam, 2001, tt.53) ren luyen tac phong
cdng nghigp, ban ITnh chinh tti, gido due tu
tudng, dgo diic, ldi sdng ciia cdng nhdn; bdn Id,

"phdt huy vai ttd ciia Id chiic Dang, cac tb chiic
chinh tii xa hgi, doanh nghiep" va ban thdn
ngudi cdng nhan ttong xay dyng ddi sdng van
hda tinh thdn cua cdng nhdn (Dang Cgng San
VietNam, 2001, tt.62-63).
3. Ket luan
Giai cdp cdng nhan Viet Nam cd vai ttd
Sli menh to ldn ddi vdi sy nghigp ddi mdi vd


TAP CHI KHOA HQC TRUOfNG OAI HQC MOTP.HCM - S6 1 (40) 2015
cdng cudc xdy dung chu nghTa xa hdi a Vigt
Nam. Trong bdi cdnh toan cau hda vd hdi nhdp
qudc te sdu rdng nhu hien nay, ddi sdng van
hda tinh thdn cua giai cap cdng nhan Vigt Nara
tdl yeu chiu sy tac ddng khdng nhd tir qua
trinh. Tren co sd nhdn thiic radt each sau sdc
ve xu hudng lac dgng thudn - nghich cua toan
cdu hda va hdi nhdp qudc te den ddi sdng van
hda tinh than cua giai cap cdng nhan Viet
Nam, chiing ta cdn tiep tuc tang cudng cdng
tac nghien cim ly ludn, ldng kit thuc tiln dl cd

nhiing dy bao khoa hgc ve xu hudng bien ddi,
pbat ttien cua giai c ^ cdng nhan trong thdi ky
pbat ttien mdi, dong thai hoach dinh chiln
lugc xdy dung giai cdp cdng nhdn diing ddn,
phil bgp sao cho vira tan dyng hieu qud thdi
CO, van hdi vira vugt qua nhirng nguy co va
thdch thiic, thiic day giai cdp cdng nhdn Viet

Nam vuon len phat trien loan dien thyc hien
thang lgi myc tieu "ddn giau, nudc mgnh, dan
chu, cdng bang, van minh".

TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
Dang Cgng San Vigt Nam (1998). Van kien HQI nghi lan thu ndm Ban Chdp hdnh Trung uang
khda VIII, Nxb. Chinh Iri qudc gia, Hd Ngi.
Dang Cdng sdn Viet Nam (2001). Vdn kiin Dgi hgi dgi biiu todn quoc ldn tku IX, Nxb. Chfnh tri
qudc gja, HdNgi.
Dang Cdng San Viet Nara (2005). Van kien Ddng tk&i ki ddi m&i (Dgi hdi VI, VII, VIII, IX) ve
van koa, xa hdi, kkoa hoc ky thugt, gido due ddo Igo, Nxb. Chinh tti qudc gia. Ha Ngi.
Dang Cdng San Viel Nam (2008). Vdn Men Hdi nghi ldn thu sdu Ban Chdp hdnh Trung uang
khda X, Nxb. Chinh tri qudc gia. Ha Ndi.
Ban Tuyen giao Trung uang (2014). Tdi lieu hQc tap cdc Nghi quyet vd mdt sd chu truang cua
hgi ngki ldn thu chin Ban chdp hdnk Trung uang Ddng Cgng sdn Viet Nam khda XI (Dank
cho cdn bg, ddng vien & ca s&), Nxb. Chinh tri qudc gia. Ha Ngi.
Biii Thj Kim Hdu (2012). Tri thuc hda cdng nkdn VietNam trong hgi nkgp kinh te qudc te kiin
nay, Nxb. Chinh tn Qudc gia, Ha Ndi.
Bui Thanh Qudt (2003). Toan cdu hda - mdt each tilp can mdi. Tap chi Cdng sdn, Sd 27/2003,
tt.Il-14.
Dang Nggc Tung (20! 1). Bdo cao tdng hgp dl tai: "Xdy dung giai cap cdng nhan Viet Nam giai
doan 2011 - 2020" (chuang trinh KX.04.06/10), Ha Ngi.
Dang Ngoc Timg (2011). Xdy dung Xdy dipig giai cdp cdng nkdn Viit Nam giai dogn 2011 2020, Nxb. Lao ddng.