(TIỂU LUẬN) FINAL EXAM ASSIGNMENT what are the types of tourism give details of one typical tourist destination

HỒ CHÍ MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES – INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
FACULTY OF TOURISM - HOSPITALITY

FINAL EXAM ASSIGNMENT
Major: Introduction to Tourism

Lecturer: Mã Xuân Vinh, M.A
Student: Nguyễn Trần Thu Phương
ID: 19DH710625
Class: TA1901

Hồ Chí Minh City, 2021


HỒ CHÍ MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES – INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
FACULTY OF TOURISM - HOSPITALITY

FINAL EXAM ASSIGNMENT
< What are the types of tourism?
Give details of one typical tourist destination >

Major: Introduction to Tourism

Lecturer: Mã Xuân Vinh, M.A
Student: Nguyễn Trần Thu Phương
ID: 19DH710625
Class: TA1901

Hồ Chí Minh City, 2021

INSTRUCTOR’S COMMENTS
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Adventure Tourism......................................................................................8
Figure 2: Business Tourism.........................................................................................8
Figure 3: Culinary Tourism.........................................................................................9
Figure 4: Culture Tourism...........................................................................................9
Figure 5: Religious Tourism.....................................................................................10
Figure 6: Camping Tourism......................................................................................10
Figure 7: Ecotourism.................................................................................................11
Figure 8: Honeymoon Tourism.................................................................................11
Figure 9: Ha Long Bay.............................................................................................13
Figure 10: Location and map....................................................................................13
Figure 11: Priceless geology and geomorphology....................................................14
Figure 12: Soi Nhu cave...........................................................................................15
Figure 13: Cai Beo Floating Village.........................................................................15
Figure 14: Dinner in a cave in Ha Long Bay, Vietnam.............................................16
Figure 15: Cycling on the beach in Halong Bay, Vietnam........................................16
Figure 16: Halong Carnival - The most famous festival in Halong..........................17
Figure 17: Swimming and Sunbathing in Ha Long Bay...........................................17

Figure 18: Biking on one of the island......................................................................18


LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
Abbreviation

Explanation

UNWTO
Brit
Etc
E.g
SqKm
Sino-Vietnamese

United Nations World Tourism Organization
Britian
Et cetera (other similar things)
Exempli gratia (for example)
Square Kilometer
Vietnamese words which contain Chinese
original morphemes
United Nations Educational, Scientific and
Cultural Organization

UNESCO


1. Introduction
Defining tourism is not a simple matter, as it is a complex industry made up

of many different businesses, the common theme being that they provide
products and services to tourists/visitors. The word ‘tour’ is derived from
the Latin word, meaning ‘a tool for making a circle’. According to UNWTO
(1993), tourism may be defined as the movement of the people from their
normal place of residence to another place (with the intention to return) for a
minimum period of twenty-four hours to a maximum of six months for
different purpose. But for me, tourism is a process of spending time away
from daily routine or home in pursuit of recreation, relaxation, and pleasure
while using the commercial provision of services. The most common
thought is, pack the rucksack and travel away from the day to day life. That
means the movement of people from their usual residence to another place.
Suppose your friend’s aim of the tour might differ from yours. For example,
you may travel for recreation, but he may go for business purposes. Whether
it is to rest, discover new things, meet others or to have a unique experience,
everyone has a right to tourism. But what does everyone actually think about
tourism? In this article I will explain what is meant by the term “types of
tourism”, provide definitions and give example. Lastly, I will give “details of
typical tourist destination” to make this essay as complete as possible
2. Impacts of Tourism
Nowadays, tourism appears to be one of the most developing sciences to
research and study. Over the last decades, the industry of travel and tourism
has evolved significantly, increasing its pace of common development year
by year. What is more, it shows promise for growth in the nearest future as
well, providing the existing professional and career domains within the
discipline with considerable potential. Therefore today, tourism includes
travel for business, travel for pleasure, touring and its theoretical and
practical principles, and business-related to tourists, their attracting and
entertaining. Besides, tourism has a straightforward relation to the business
of developing and operating various tours and tourist routes, including both
local and international areas.

3. International tourism and domestic tourism
First of all, this article provides the definition and extra example of the types
of tourism. According to the UNWTO, tourism is divided into 2 types is
international tourism and domestic tourism with many forms based on the
purpose of visit. Basing on territorial classification, international tourism
further divides into two types: Inbound Tourism and Outbound Tourism.
When people visit a foreign country, it is referred to as Outbound Tourism
(e.g. a Brit visiting an overseas country). Outbound tourism is an important
type of tourism. To travel to a foreign country, people must have a valid
passport, visa, health documents, foreign exchange, etc… Many countries


rely heavily on travelers leaving their home country in search of an
international tourism experience. In fact, when traveling overseas, you may
encounter some problems with the language barriers, lifestyle, and cultural
difference of the neighboring country. For that reasons, outbound trips need
to be meticulously planned. Most tourists traveling abroad often sign up for a
tour guide. In contrast, inbound tourism means visits to a country by visitors
who are not residents of that country (e.g. a Spaniard visiting Britain).
Inbound tourism is often seasonal, meaning that many destinations will have
evident peak, shoulder, and low seasons. This often depends on weather
conditions. As an example, most tourists flocking to Korea in Autumn for
specific reasons: Autumn in Korea is the season of famous specialties and
fruit harvest. Besides, local people also held many special festivals such as
fireworks festival - which is very popular with tourists. Many countries rely
heavily on the demand from inbound tourists to fuel the development and
operations of their tourism economy. On the other hand, domestic tourism
can be described as tourism involving residents of one country traveling
within their own country (e.g. residents in the UK visiting another parts of
the UK). It does not involve the crossing of international borders at entry

points. Traveling within the same country is easier because it does not
require formal travel documents and tedious formalities such as compulsory
health checks and foreign exchange. In domestic tourism, a traveler
generally does not face many language problems or currency exchange
issues because they are familiar with their country.
4. Popular types of tourism:
On the other hand, based on the classification on the purpose of the trip, I
have listed several popular types of tourism in the world.
4.1 Adventure Tourism:
Adventure tourism involves the exploration of remote places where travelers
can expect the unexpected. It involves connecting with a new culture or new
landscape and at the same time being physically active. Some of the
adventure tourism activities involve day hiking, backpacking, zip lining, free
fall, rafting, mountain biking, skiing and snowboarding.


Figure 1: Adventure Tourism

4.2 Business tourism:
Business tourism involves traveling to a destination away from home or a
normal workplace. It is a type of travel for professional purposes rather than
personal. Some types of business tourism are incentive travel, exhibitions &
trade fairs, conferences & meetings, and corporate events.

Figure 2: Business Tourism

4.3 Culinary Tourism
Culinary tourism or food tourism is for food enthusiasts who love to explore
new food destinations. This is a welcome change from the standard travel
itinerary as the trip involves the opportunity to learn new cooking techniques

or attend a food tasting. Some of the top culinary tourism destinations in the
world are Italy, Spain, Dubai, Thailand, India, Tokyo, Bangkok, Japan, Peru,
Ethiopia and New Orleans.


Figure 3: Culinary Tourism

4.4 Cultural tourism
Cultural tourism is where travelers engage with a country or religion’s
culture, especially the lifestyle and other elements that shaped the life of the
people. Tourists get immersed with related activities such as rituals and
festivals. Some of the popular cultural tourism destinations in the world are
Madagascar; Lombok, Indonesia; Latvia; Haida Gwaii, British Columbia;
Northern Sri Lanka; Chiang Mai, Thailand; Aristi, Greece; Western Cape,
South Africa and Tamil Nadu, India.

Figure 4: Culture Tourism

4.5 Religious tourism:
Religious tourism, also known as faith tourism refers to traveling
individually or in groups to holy sites. These sites are also visited by nonreligious tourists who want to know the cultural, historical and religious
significance. Famous religious tourism destinations in the world are


Shwedagon Pagoda, Basilica of San Vitale, MECCA, Harmandir Sahib,
Temple of Heaven, Bahá’í Gardens, The Vatican, Wat Rong Khun, Saint
Basil’s Cathedral, Paro Taktsang, Spanish Synagogue, and Jerusalem

Figure 5: Religious Tourism

4.6 Camping tourism:
Camping tourism is a famous outdoor activity that involves an overnight stay
in a tent or recreational vehicle. It is considered as an inexpensive
accommodation option. A minimum of one night is spent, distinguishing it
from day-tripping, picnics, and other short-term recreational activities. There
is also one more luxurious type of camping called Glamping. Some of the
famous camping types are tent camping, backpacking/hiking, survivalist
camping, canoe camping, RV and van camping.

Figure 6: Camping Tourism


4.7

Ecotourism

Ecotourism involves visiting undisturbed natural areas. It promotes
conserving the environment and improving the well-being of local people.
Some of the best ecotourism destinations in the world are Alaska, The
Amazon, Antarctica, Australian Blue Mountains, Borneo, Botswana, Costa
Rica, Dominica, Galapagos Islands and Himalayas.

Figure 7: Ecotourism

4.7 Honeymoon tourism:
Honeymoon tourism is taken soon after a couple is married. Generally,
newlyweds spend more on this than any other type of tourism. Popular
honeymoon destinations in the world are Cappadocia, Turkey; Harbour
Island, Bahamas; Harbour Island, Bahamas; Livingstone, Zambia; Pacuare
River, Costa Rica; Sintra, Portugal; Sintra, Portugal; Railay, Thailand; and

Torres del Paine, Chile.

Figure 8: Honeymoon Tourism


5. Definitions of a tourist destination
In addition, this article also give details of one typical tourist destination and
examines its influence. One of the most influential definitions of a tourist
destination is the one given by Goeldner and Ritchie (2003, p. 466) in their
worldwide recognized textbook, which states that “tourism destination is a
particular geographic region within which the visitor enjoys various types of
travel experiences”. A tourist destination is a place or area that relies heavily
on the economic benefits of tourism. A tourist destination can be large, for
example a city. It can also be small, for example a small coastal resort or
village.
5.1 Different types of tourist destinations
There are different types of tourist destinations around the world. We can
also generally group destinations together into categories. The most common
different categories of tourist destinations are as follows: Beach area, natural
areas, towns and cities or somewhere known for its culture and heritage.
Among them, beach areas are popular types of tourist destinations. Some
people travel a long way to reach a beach, whereas other people may only
travel a short distance. For that reason, beach tourism is popular with both
domestic tourists and international tourists. But beach areas are not all of the
same. In fact, beach areas vary considerably! It can be divided into several
categories such as islands, resorts and secluded spots…
6. Details of one typical tourist destination
Specifically, in this article, I will consider nature tourist destinations among
several types of a tourist destinations. There is a countless popular nature
tourist destination all around the world such as Trang An Ecological (Ninh

Binh), Cat Tien National Park (Dong Nai), Sapa … Among various tourism
destinations, nature-based tourism areas around the world increasingly
international tourist attractions and play an important role in the international
tourism industry.
As an example, Ha Long Bay - a beautiful natural wonder in Northern
Vietnam near the Chinese border. According to the Sino-Vietnamese, “Ha”
means descending, “Long” means dragon. Therefore, Ha Long Bay literally
means "the bay of the descending dragon", a fusion of ancient mythology
and Vietnamese history. Ha Long is more popular through word of mouth
due to a perception that has been existed for a long term while Ha Long is
still an official name of the Bay. Many travelers are unaware that Ha Long
Bay actually has an immense value to the world because of its rare
concentration of biodiversity, culture, and history. Hence, this uniqueness is
exactly what makes Ha Long Bay a magical destination where travelers can


have the chance to get up close and personal with the beating heart of
Vietnam.

Figure 9: Ha Long Bay

6.1 Its location and map
About its location, The Bay is dotted with 1,600 limestone islands and islets
and covers an area of over 1,500 sqkm. This extraordinary area was declared
a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1994. A spectacular seascape of some
1,600 limestone islands and islets towering from emerald water. The Bay has
first recorded as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1994 thanks to its
exceptional natural beauty and aesthetic importance. In 2000, it had the
honor of being recognized the second time for its significant geomorphic
features, as a billion-year-living proof of Earth's formation.

Figure 10: Location and map


Many travelers are unaware that Ha Long Bay actually has an immense
value to the world because of its rare concentration of biodiversity, culture,
and history. Hence, this uniqueness is exactly what makes Ha Long Bay a
magical destination where travelers can have the chance to get up close and
personal with the beating heart of Vietnam.
6.2 Priceless values:
Firstly, Ha Long Bay is famous for its priceless geology and geomorphology.
While UNESCO recognition is relatively recent, Ha Long Bay has been
billions of years in the making. For more, the deep water of The Bay was
filled with fine mud and sediment that rarely shifted, even with rising and
falling sea levels. It was in the Carboniferous period - during the late
Paleozoic Era and some 300 million years ago - that the area lifted due to
tectonic activity. The shallower and warmer water in the Bay formed the
limestone - up to one kilometer thick - that makes Ha Long Bay so unique.
During the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods, the area shifted again and, over
millions of years, became mountainous highlands, exposing the limestone
and forming karsts. The limestone karsts eroded over time, forming millions
of small caverns and canyons. Flooding caused the bay to sink, turning caves
and tunnels into deep valleys amid rising columns of rock as the limestone
dissolved. It is interesting to note that the Ha Long Bay we see today is only
around 7,000 years old.

Figure 11: Priceless geology and geomorphology

6.3 History and culture:
Besides, Ha Long Bay well-known for its history and culture. Aside from the

geology and landscape, what is also of interest to tourists who visit Ha Long
Bay is the rich tradition of ancient Viet culture found in the area, with the Soi


Nhu culture being the oldest culture, followed by Cai Beo, then Ha Long.
The Soi Nhu culture was first detected by Swedish archaeologist Johan
Gunner Andersson in 1938. On various digs in the area, he found evidence of
ancient Vietnamese people in the Bai Tu Long area. Around the same time as
they uncovered the existence of the Soi Nhu, French archaeologist Madeline
Colani discovered the Cai Beo culture. Excavations in the area have yielded
a rich supply of over 500 artifacts used by the Cai Beo: pestles and mortars,
grinding tables, axes, nets, statues, and unfired pottery, as well as human and
animal bones. Bronze implements and decorated pottery have also been
uncovered that indicates the Cai Beo culture was quite advanced.

Figure 12: Soi Nhu cave

Figure 13: Cai Beo Floating Village


6.4

Top things to see and do:

When tourists come here, there are several activities for them to experience which include onboard and off-board activities. For instance, on-board
activities such as cruising, enjoying food and drink, spa and wellness
treatments, cooking demonstration, tea ceremony, Vietnamese wine tasting,
BBQ... And off-board activities such as visiting islands, visiting caves,
kayaking, fishing village excursion, swimming, dining on beach, BBQ,
sunbathing…

Figure 14: Dinner in a cave in Ha Long Bay, Vietnam

Biking is indeed the popular Ha Long Bay activity that is loved by thousands of
passengers. With more than 100 islands around the bay, you can even witness a
typical rural life of residents here in their traditional houses and farms. With this
activity, you will see the World Heritage Site in a different light. Get rid of the
common route of normal tourist boats for the one who provides a biking tour,
you will have the most unique experience compared to other tourists.

Figure 15: Cycling on the beach in Halong Bay, Vietnam


Ha Long Carnival has a lot of attractive activities to the visitors. The best is the
street festival with models, dancers dancing elaborately. In this place, there are
local and foreign artists that gather here to make such an interesting festival
show that is famous to visitors from all around the world. Aside from the
carnival, there is also a music night that consists of traditional and modern
music. This musical show symbols unity and harmony in everything

Figure 16: Halong Carnival - The most famous festival in Halong

Stay away from other crowded and busy beaches you may find everywhere,
make sure you come to one of those lovely beaches in Halong Bay. Vung Ha
beach and Three Peach beach are the perfect 2 options you may look further
into. And don’t forget to bring your own swimsuit, sun cream, and sunglasses to
enjoy a tropical sunny sunbathing in the middle of nature.

Figure 17: Swimming and Sunbathing in Ha Long Bay

While you can do kayaking in many other places in the world, kayaking in
Halong Bay is a totally a different and unique experience. Never before you can
get so close to the magnificent limestones in your life, where you can even
touch the nature with your own hands and take a closer look at the living
environment. Enjoying the ethereal of Halong Bay from water level is simply
amazing. The combination of emerald sea water and green nature will take your
breath away.

Figure 18: Biking on one of the island

6.5 Right time to visit:
The first peak season runs from June to July, which attracts mostly
Vietnamese and Asian travelers. The period between December and February
is the second peak season with tourists coming from Europe, America, and
other countries in a frigid and temperate zone. The first off-peak season runs
from April to May and the second lasts from August to October. Prices in the
second peak season are generally 10% to 20% higher than the off-peak
season and availability may be an issue, so book your cruise early to secure a
slot in accordance with your preference with the best price.
7.

Conclusion:

To sum up, tourism is a great opportunity for foreigners to learn about a new
culture, but it also creates many opportunities for local citizens. Moreover,
residents experience the benefits that come with tourism occurring in their
own country. Tourism is a remarkably important industry. As you can see,
the tourism industry does not stand alone- it is closely interrelated with many
other parts of society. Not only do entire countries often rely on the

importance of tourism, but so do individual members of host communities
and tourists


REFERENCE
(Following APA Format)

1. Cornelia Elena Tureac, PhD. (October 2008), Types and Forms
of Tourism.
file:///C:/Users/Admin/Downloads/56%20(1).pdf
2. Destination BC Corp. (2015), Research Guide For Tourism
Operators
/>3. Dr Hayley Stainton (May 2020), Inbound tourism explained
/>4. Dr Hayley Stainton (May 2020), Outbound tourism explained
/>