Giáo trình môn Anh Văn chuyên ngành thú y (Nghề: Thú y - Trình độ: Cao đẳng) - Trường CĐ Kinh tế - Kỹ thuật Bạc Liêu

ỦY BAN NHÂN DÂN TỈNH BẠC LIÊU
TRƯỜNG CAO DẲNG KINH TẾ KỸ THUẬT

GIÁO TRÌNH
MƠN HỌC: ANH VĂN CHUN NGÀNH THÚ Y
NGÀNH/NGHỀ: THÚ Y
TRÌNH ĐỘ: CAO ĐẲNG
(Lưu hành nội bộ)

Bạc Liêu, năm 2020
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TUYÊN BỐ BẢN QUYỀN
Tài liệu này thuộc loại bài giảng lưu hành nội bộ nên các nguồn thơng tin có
thể được phép dùng nguyên bản hoặc trích dùng cho các mục đích về đào tạo và
tham khảo.
Mọi mục đích khác mang tính lệch lạc hoặc sử dụng với mục đích kinh
doanh thiếu lành mạnh sẽ bị nghiêm cấm.

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LỜI GIỚI THIỆU
Bài giảng được biên soạn vào tháng 10/2020, theo chương trình mơn học
mơn Anh văn chun ngành thú y, trình độ cao đẳng dựa theo chương trình đào
tạo của ngành Thú Y, hệ cao đẳng.
Trong quá trình biên soạn chủ biên đã tham khảo tài liệu từ 2 nguồn: 1. Bài

giảng Anh văn chuyên ngành chăn nuôi thú y – 2006. 2. Bài giảng Anh văn
chuyên ngành– 2010.
Xin chân thành cảm ơn Ths Trần Xuân Đào (tác giả bài giảng Anh văn
chuyên ngành chăn nuôi thú y – 2006), Ths. Võ Văn Việt (Trường Đai học Nông
Lâm - tác giả bài giảng Anh văn chuyên ngành– 2010).
Bạc Liêu, ngày 01 tháng 10 năm 2020
Biên soạn
Huỳnh Thị Thúy Ngân

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MỤC LỤC
TRANG
1. Lời giới thiệu

1

2. Mục lục

2

3. Lesson 1

3

4. Lesson 2

10

5. Lesson 3

18

6. Lesson 4

25

7.Lesson 5

31

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BÀI GIẢNG
Tên môn học/mô đun: ANH VĂN CHUYÊN NGÀNH THÚ Y
Mã mơn học/mơ đun: MH24
Vị trí, tính chất, ý nghĩa và vai trị của mơn học/mơ đun:
- Vị trí:là mơn học bắt buộc trong chương trình đào tạo; được bố trí giảng dạy
sau các mơn học/mơ đun cơ sở và chun mơn nghề.
- Tính chất:mơn học trang bị cho sinh viên từ vựng liên quan, cách hiểu và sử
dụng từ vựng tiếng Anh trong lĩnh vực chăn nuôi - thú y.
- Ý nghĩa và vai trị của mơn học/mơ đun: giúp học sinh tiếp cận lĩnh vực chăn
nuôi – thú y bằng ngơn ngữ Tiếng Anh. Từ đó nâng cao kiến thức của học sinh
trong lĩnh vực này.
Mục tiêu của môn học/mô đun:
- Về kiến thức:
+Ghi nhớ được các từ vựng và thuật ngữ chuyên ngành trong lĩnh vực chăn nuôi
- thú y- Về kỹ năng:

+ Sử dụng được từ vựng, thuật ngữ tiếng Anh để dịch thuật tài liệu chuyên môn;
+ Đọc và ghi nhớ được nội dung, ý nghĩa của một số tài liệu trong lĩnh vực chăn
nuôi - thú y.
- Về năng lực tự chủ và trách nhiệm:
+ Học sinh có khả năng tự nghiên cứu, đọc hiểu các tài liệu chuyên ngành chăn
nuôi – thú y. Từ đó mở rộng, nâng cao kiến thức chuyên ngành trong lĩnh vực
chăn nuôi – thú y.
Nội dung của môn học/mô đun:

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LESSON 1
OVERVIEW OF ANIMAL SCIENCES
Giới thiệu:
Mục tiêu:
- Trang bị cho người họcmột số từ vựng cơ bản về chăn nuôi và thú y;
- Người học biết các từ tiếng Anh và cách sử dụng các cụm từ trong câu tiếng
Anh về những thành tựu khoa học trong lĩnh vực chăn ni - thú y.
Nội dung chính:
I. Readingcomprehension:

Animal agriculture is a significant portion of agriculture production. Related
research, education and extension activities are continually changing to address
new challenges and opportunities brought about by rapidly advancing
technologies, evolving consumer demand, and the need to make positive
contributions to environmental, human, and animal health. Efficient, sciencebased animal agriculture translates into affordable and high-quality food for the
consumer. Researchers collaborate with industry and other interested parties to
develop and disseminate knowledge and methods to improve agriculturally
relevant animal systems.

1. Animal Breeding, Genetics & Genomics: Animal protein is essential in
meeting escalating nutritional needs around the world. Animal Breeding,
Genetics & Genomics research focuses on desirable genetic animal traits that
have revolutionized poultry, livestock, and fish production. These genetic traits
include animals that are leaner; have increased disease resistance; or excel in
growth rate or the production of eggs, meat, milk, wool, or mohair. The natural
efficiency of an animal to usenutrients in its feed could affect the nutrients in
the manure and thus affect the environment.
2. Animal Nutrition and Growth: Inefficient nutrient intake by animals is
financially and environmentally costly in animal operations from livestock farms
to fish farms. It not only hurts animal growth, health, and well-being, but it may
also affect the safety and quality of the food products. It may result in excess
nutrients polluting the environment in the form of odors or ground water
contamination. The primary objective of the Animal Growth and Nutrition
Program is to discover the nutritional, biological, and genetic factors underlying:
•

Normal animalgrowth.

•

Nutrient digestion andefficiency.

•

Metabolism.
P a g e 4 | 45


•

Lactation.

•

Muscle and bonedevelopment.

3. Animal Products: Americans buy approximately $100 billion of animal
products at the farm gate, and several times that amount at retail each year.
These products include meat and meat products, poultry products (meat and
eggs), fish, shellfish, dairy products (milk and cheese), and non-food products
such as fiber (wool, mohair, cashmere, and leather).The quality and safety of
animal products prior to harvest are influenced by genetics, nutrition, and
management systems. After harvest they are affected by handling, processing,
storage, and marketing practices.
4. Animal Reproduction: Reproductive efficiency is the major factor
affecting profitability in many livestock production systems. For example, the
fertility of domestic ruminants (cattle and sheep), even under optimal
conditions, is only about 50 percent. Inefficient reproduction may be caused by
numerous factors,including:
•

Increased genetic selection for meat or milk productiontraits.

•

Early embryonic and fetalloss.

Failure to reach puberty at an optimum age or an inability of young females
to conceive early in the breedingseason.

•

•

Environmental
stressors such as temperature extremes or changes
in photoperiod (day and nightcycle).

•

Production of sperm with a low potential forfertilization.

•

Limited sexdrive.

5. Animal Well-being: Evaluating farm animal well-being is a challenge to
the animal food industry and scientific communities. Scientists study how to
accurately measure an animal’s state of comfort and well-being. For example,
scientists study animals in different environmental conditions that vary in
temperature, humidity, amount of daylight, bedding, size and shape of living
quarters, and the number of other animals in the environment. They also work
to understand how animals react both behaviorally and biologically in stressful
situations, such as in transport, or when animals must be restrained, such as
during a medical evaluation or treatment. These understandings are important
to those who work with animals as pets, livestock, or wildlife to ensure the
safety and well-being of both animals and humans as they interact.
II.

Vocabulary:

Agriculture (n)

['ỉgrikʌlt∫ə]

Nơng nghiệp
P a g e 5 | 45


Significant (adj)

[sig'nifikənt]

Quan trọng

Portion (n)

['pɔ:∫n]

Phần

Production(n)

Sự sản xuất

Address (v)

[ə'dres]

Giải quyết

Challenges (n)

['t∫ælindʒ]

Thách thức, thử
thách

Rapidly
technology

advancing ['rỉpidli][əd'vɑ:nsin][tek'nɔlədʒi] Cơng nghệ tiến
bộ nhanh chóng

Evolve

[i'vɔlvin]

Đang tiến triển

Efficient

[i'fi∫ənt]

Hiệu quả

Affordable

[ə'fɔ:dəbl]

Phải chăng

Consumer

[kən'sju:mə]

Người tiêu thụ/
tiêu dùng

Disseminate(n)

[di'semineit]

Phổ
truyềnbá

biến,

Knowledge (n)

['nɔlidʒ]

Sự hiểu
kiếnthức

biết,

Relevant

['reləvənt]

Liên quan

Breeding

['bri:diη]

Sự sinh sản, Gây
giống

Genetics

[dʒi'netiks]

Di truyền

Genomics

[dʒi'noumik]

Gen

Escalating

['eskəleitin]

Leo thang

Nutritional

[nju:'tri∫nl]

(thuộc)
dưỡng

Desirable

[di'zaiərəbl]

Ao ước, mong
dợi

Dinh

P a g e 6 | 45


Trait

[treit]

Nét, điểm

Revolutionize

[,revə'lu:∫ənaiz]

Cách mạng hóa

Poultry

['poultri]

Gia cầm

Livestock

['laivstɔk]

Vật ni, thú
ni

Leaner

[li:nə]

ốm hơn

Excel

[ik'sel]

Trội

Wool

[wul]

len

Mohair

['mouheə]

Vải nỉ

Manure

[mə'njuə]

Phân bón

Growth

[grouθ]

Sư tăng trưởng,
phát triển

Intake (n)

['inteik]

Sự hấp thu

Odor

['oudə]

Mùi/ dấu vết

contamination

[kən,tæmi'nei∫n]

sự làm bẩn, sự
làm ơ uế

Digestion

[di'dʒest∫n]

Sự tiêu hóa

metabolism

[mə'tỉbəlizm]

sự trao đổi chất;
sự chuyển hố

Lactation (n)

[lỉk'tei∫n]

Sự sinh sữa, thải
sữa

Puberty (n)

['pju:bəti]

Tuổi thành thục
về tính

Shellfish (n)

['∫elfi∫]

Sị, hến, động
vật có vỏ

Cashmere

[kỉ∫'miə]

khăn san (bằng
len) casơmia
P a g e 7 | 45


Leather (n)

['leðə]

Da/ Bằng da

Fertility (n)

[fə:'tiliti]

Khả năng sinh
sản, thụ tinh

Ruminant (n)

['ru:minənt]

loài nhai lại

Optimal (adj)

Tối ưu

Embryonic

[,embri'ɔnik]

trong thời kỳ
đầu của sự phát
triển/ phôi thai

Fetal loss

['fi:tl][lɔs]

Mất thai nhi

conceive

[kən'si:v]

Thụ thai

Photoperiod (n)

[,foutou'piəriəd]

Chu kỳ
sáng

Sperm

[spə:m]

tinh dịch

chiếu

Limited sex drive

Hạn chế ham
muốn tình dục

Well-being (n)

Hạnh
phúc,
khỏe mạnh

Bedding
['bediη]

Chất
chuồng

Quarter

['kwɔ:tə]

Khu vực

React

[ri:'ỉkt]

Tác động, phản
ứng lại

Re-strain (v)

['ri:'strein]

Cố định gia súc

độn

Medical evaluation or ['medikl][i,vælju'ei∫n]
treatment
['tri:tmənt]

Đánh giá hoặc
điều trị y khoa

Interact (v)

Tương tác

[,intər'ækt]

III. Practice
P a g e 8 | 45


Practice 1: Answer the following questions:
1. What should researchers and educationist do to improve agriculturally

relevant animalsystems?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………
2. How many genetic traits do researchers focuson?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………
3. What could be the consequences if inefficient nutrient intake byanimals?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………
4. How many products can be harvested fromanimals?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………
5. What are the main factors affect the quality of these animalproducts?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………
6. What

could be
inefficientreproduction?

the

causative

factors

accounted

forthe

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………
Practice 2: True or false statement:
1. Research, education and extension activities did not change to address

new challengesandopportunities.

TRUEFALSE

2. Researchers collaborate with industry and other interested parties to

develop and disseminate knowledge and methods to improve agriculturally
relevant animal systems.
TRUEFALSE
3. The quality and safety of animal products prior to harvest do not depend

on genetics, nutrition, andmanagementsystems.

TRUEFALSE

4. Inefficient nutrient intake by animals does not affect environment in

animal operations from livestock farms tofishfarms.

TRUE FALSE

Practice 3: Word/phrase usage
P a g e 9 | 45


Fill in the blank the most appropriate word or phrase
One of the most important tasks for the extensionist is to …….... knowledge
to the farmers.
1.

A.disseminate

B.talk

C.tell

D.get

Beside dogs and cats, some wild animals e.g. snakes, croccodie etc. are also
considered as..............…..
2.

A.friendly

B.pets

C.aggressive

D.submissive

3. Animal products include meat, eggs, fish, shellfish, milk and cheese, wool,
mohair, cashmere, and........................
A.leather

B.livestock

C. poultry

D. genetic

4. The quality and safety of animal products ...................................... are
influenced by genetics, nutrition, and management systems.
A. during the harvest

B. after harvest

C. prior harvest

D. All are correct

5. After harvest, the quality and safety of animal products are affected
byhandling, processing, .........................., and marketing practices.
A. storage
temperature

B. nutrients

C. humidity

D.

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LESSON 2
ANIMAL NUTRITION AND FEEDS
Mục tiêu:
- Trang bị cho người học từ vựng dinh dưỡng và thức ăn chăn nuôi;
- Người học biết từ vựng và cách sử dụng từ, cụm từ mơ tả, trình bày về các chất
dinh dưỡng, nhu cầu dinh dưỡng của thú nuôi; các loại thực liệu dùng chế biến
thức ăn cho vật nuôi, các chất khơng được hoặc cấm sử dụng.
Nội dung chính:
I.

Readingcomprehension:
1. The role of animal nutrition

Animal nutrition plays an important part in the animal production and has
implications for the composition and quality of the livestock products (milk,
meat and eggs) that people consume. To achieve more efficient animal
production, amino acids, fatty acids, minerals, vitamins, and water must be
provided in amounts necessary to meet the animal’s requirements. The
formulation of balanced diets that provide the correct amounts and proportions
of these nutrients is essential to support the requirements for maintenance,
growth, and reproduction. As nutrient requirements become more accurately
defined through research, it is possible to formulate diets more precisely. Thus,
there is a continuing need to quantify nutrients requirements accurately for
various stages of an animal’s lifecycle.
2. The nutrition composition
The nutrition compositions include energy, protein and amino acids, vitamin,
minerals, and water. Energy plays an important part of animal nutrition.
Estimates of energy intakes of animal are expressed as kilocalories (kcal) or
mega-calories (Mcal) of digestible energy (DE) or of metabolizable energy (ME)
per kilogram of feed and animal per day. Digestible energy is dietary gross
energy intake minus the gross energy of the excreted feces. Metabolizable
energy is the gross energy of the diet minus fecal, gaseous, and urinary gross
energy. Net energy (NE) is the difference between the metabolizable energy and
heat increment (HI). The heat increment is the amount of heat released because
of the energy costs of the digestive and metabolic processes. It has been
demonstrated that net energy, although difficult to measure, is the best
measure of the energy available to an animal for maintenance and production.
Protein generally refers to crude protein, which is defined for feedstuffs as
the nitrogen content x 6.25. This definition is based on the assumption that the
nitrogen content is 16 grams of nitrogen per 100 g of protein. The capacity of

P a g e 11 | 45


the diets to provide sufficient indispensable (essential) amino acids and nitrogen
for synthesis of dispensable (nonessential) amino acids determines the
adequacy of a dietary protein level. Although dispensable amino acids are
needed for normal metabolism, dietarysources are not usually required. They
can be obtained from feeds or are synthesized by using amino groups derived
from amino acids present in excess of the requirement.
The term vitamin describes an organic compound distinct from amino
acids, carbohydrate, and lipids that is required in minute amounts for normal
growth and reproduction.
Vitamins are generally classified as either fat soluble or water soluble. The
fat - soluble vitamins include vitamins A, D, E, and K. The water – soluble
vitamins include the B vitamins (biotin, cholin, folacin, niacin, pantothenic acid,
riboflavin, thiamin, B6, and B12) and ascorbicacid.
Water account for as much as 82 percent of empty body weight (whole
body weight less gastrointestinal tract contents) in the 1.5 kg neonatal pig and
declines to 53 percent in the 9 kg market hog. Many variable factors, including
environmental ones, govern the water requirement of animal. Animal obtain
water
from
three
sources:(1)waterthatisconsumed;(2)waterthatisacomponentoffeedstuffs;and(3)
water that originates from the breakdown of carbohydrate, fat, and protein
(metabolic water). Water is lost from the body by four routes: (1) the lungs
(respiration); (2) the skin (evaporation), (3) the intestines (defecation), and (4)
the kidneys (urination).
3. Animal feeding practices
Animal feeding practices have developed over time, and have generally

been validated by their use. The pace of development has quickened markedly
over the past 150 years - in particular, the intensification of the livestock
industry in the second half of the 20th century means that a much wider variety
of ingredients is used in feed than previously. This includes ingredients that
might not be thought part of an animal's natural diet, such as fishmeal.
Concerns about the recycling of animal material into feed (a practice common in
developed countries for many decades) have led, during the past ten to 15
years, to a number of prohibitions on what may be used in feed. The use of
mammalian meat and bone meal (MBM) was banned because it was thought to
have caused or spread mad-cow disease (Bovine spongiform encephalopathy,
BSE); the ban was subsequently extended to almost all formsofprocessed animal
protein (PAP). However, there is no positive, restricted list of what may be fed to
farmed livestock. This is partly because of the likely length of such a list, which
could run to hundreds of items, and partly because research into animal
P a g e 12 | 45


nutrition is continually revealing new uses for potential crops. Research also
continues into the genetic modification of crops used for feed. Farmers' choices
of what to feed their livestock will be governed by many different factors - the
age and species of the animals concerned, their intended products (meat, milk
or eggs), the price and availability of feed materials, their nutritive value, and
even the time of year and the geographical location (soil type and climate) of
the farm. The energy and nutrients that feed provides occur in different
proportions in different materials, and for many animals a typical diet will
consist of a combination of feeds to provide everything they need for their
health, welfare and production. Ruminants (cattle, sheep and goats) are an
exception to this because grass may be the only ingredient in their diet for much
of theyear.
II.

Vocabulary

Implication

[,impli'kei∫n]

Sự liên quan, (Số
nhiều) Sự quan hệ
mậtthiết

Composition

[,kɔmpə'zi∫n]

Thànhphần

Achieve

[ə't∫i:v]

Amino acid

['ỉsid]

Axit amin

Mineral

['minərəl]

Khống chất

Provide

[prə'vaid]

Cung cấp

Necessary

['nesisəri]

Cấn thiết

Requirement

[ri'kwaiəmənt]

Nhu cầu, sự địihỏi

Formulation

[,fɔ:mju'lei∫n]

Sự làm thành cơng
thức,
xây
dựng
cơngthức

Proportion

[prə'pɔ:∫n]

Tỉ lệ

maintenance

['meintinəns]

Duy trì

Accurately

['ỉkjuritli]

Đúng đắn, Chính xác

Define

[di'fain]

Xác định, định nghĩa
P a g e 13 | 45


Precisely (adv)

[pri'saisli]

Rõ ràng, chính xác

Quantify (v)

['kwɔntifai]

Xác định số lượng,
định lượng

Estimate

['estimit - 'estimeit]

Đánh giá, ước lượng

Digestibleenergy

[di'dʒestəbl]['enədʒi]

Năng lượng tiêu hố

Metabolizableenergy

[mə'tỉbəlaizəbl]
['enədʒi]

Năng lượng traođổi/
chuyển hóa

Gross energy

[grous]['enədʒi]

Năng lượng thơ

Net energy

[net]['enədʒi]

Năng lượng thuần

Excreted feces

[eks'kri:t]['fi:si:z]

Phân thải ra

Gaseous

['geizjəs]

Khí

Urinary

['juərinəri]

Nước tiểu

Heat increment

[hi:t]

Sự tăng nhiệt lượng

['inkrimənt]
Metabolic processes

[,metə'bɔlik]['prouses] Q trình chuyển hóa

Feedstuff

[fi:d 'stʌf]

Thức ăn gia súc

Crude protein

[kru:d]['prouti:n]

Protein thô

Assumption

[ə'sʌmp∫n]

Sự thừa nhận, sự cho
là đúng

Capacity

[kə'pỉsiti]

Khản năng, sức chứa

Sufficient

[sə'fi∫nt]

Đủ/ có khả năng

Indispensable

[,indis'pensəbl]

cần thiết

Dispensable

[dis'pensəbl]

Sự khơng cần thiết

Synthesis

['sinθəsis]

Tổng hợp

Determine

[di'tə:min]

Xác định
P a g e 14 | 45


Adequacy

['ỉdikwəsi]

Sự tương xứng/ thích
hợp

Dietary

['daiətəri]

Chế độ ăn

Obtain

[əb'tein]

Đạt được/ lấy được

Excess

[ik'ses]

Vượt q

Compound

['kɔmpaund]

Hợp chất

Distinct

[dis'tiηkt]

Đặc biệt/riêng biệt

Readily

['redili]

Dễ dàng

Constituent

[kən'stitjuənt]

Cấu tạo, thành phần

Microorganism

[,maikrou'ɔ:gənizm]

Vi sinh vật

Intestinal tract

[in'testinl][trækt]

Đường ruột

Fatsoluble

[fỉt] ['sɔljubl]

Hồ tan trong mỡ

Watersoluble

['wɔ:tə] ['sɔljubl]

Hồ tan trongnước

Gastrointestinal tract contents

Chất trong đường tiêu
hóa

Neonatal

Mới sinh

Govern

['gʌvən]

Chi phối/ quản lý

Breakdown

['breikdaun]

Phân hủy

Respiration

[,respə'rei∫n]

Sự hơhấp

Evaporation

[i,vỉpə'rei∫n]

Sự làm
bốchơi

Intestine

[in'testin]

Ruột

Defecation

[,defi'kei∫n]

Đại tiện

Kidney

['kidni]

Thận

Urination

[,juəri'nei∫n]

Tiểu tiện

bay

hơi,

P a g e 15 | 45


Validate

['vỉlideit]

Làm cho có hiệu lực,
hợplệ

Intensification

[in,tensifi'kei∫n]

Sự tăng lên cao/ phát
triển mạnh mẽ

Ingredient

[in'gri:djənt]

Thànhphần

Fishmeal

[fi∫][mi:l]

Bộtcá

Prohibitions

[,prouhi'bi∫n]

Sự ngăn cấm, sựcấm

Mammalian

[mỉ'meiljən]

Thuộc động vật có vú,
lồithú

Bonemeal

[boun] [mi:l]

Bột xươngthịt

Processed animalprotein(PAP)

Protein động
được chếbiến

vật

Geneticmodification

[dʒi'netik]
[,mɔdifi'kei∫n]

Biến đổi ditruyền

Feedmaterials

[fi:d][mə'tiəriəl]

Nguyên liệu thứcăn

Nutritivevalue

['nju:tritiv] ['vælju:]

Giá trị dinhdưỡng

Grass

[grɑ:s]

Cỏ

Exception

[ik'sep∫n]

Ngoại lệ

welfare

['welfeə]

Sức khỏe tốt, hạnh
phúc

III. Practice

Practice 1: Working with detail
First read each of the statement in this text. Then decide whether each one is

true or false according to the reading. Circle TRUE or FALSE.
1. To achieve more efficient animal production, we must provide in

amounts necessary of nutrition to meet the animal’srequirements. TRUE FALSE
2. The net energy, although easy to measure, is the best measure of the

energy available to an animal for maintenanceandproduction.

TRUE FALSE
P a g e 16 | 45


3. The dispensable amino acids can’t be obtained fromfeeds.

TRUE FALSE
4. Many variable factors, including environmental ones, govern the water

requirementofanimal.

TRUE FALSE

5. The use of mammalian meat and bone meal (MBM) was banned due to

the veterinaryhygiene.

TRUE FALSE

Practice 2: Checking Your Understanding
Read each question carefully and then answer the question:
1. What are nutrition compositions in the livestockfeedstuffs?

............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
2. How can we define crude protein?

............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
3. Why some vitamins are not required in diets?

............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
4. How much is water amount in empty body weight in the 1.5 kg neonatal

piglet?
............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
5. Why a typical diet of the ruminants will not consist of a combination of

feeds?
............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
Practice 3: Building Vocabulary
Practice with words and learn more about them. Choose the best word or
words to complete a sentence. The words in bold type will have you.
1. Amino acids, fatty acids, minerals, vitamins, and water are the

substances in thefeedstuffs.These................... are necessary for animalgrowth.
A.nutrition

B.compositions

C.growth

D. livestock
P a g e 17 | 45


2. The term vitamin describes an organic compound distinct from amino

acids, carbohydrate, and lipids that is required in minute amounts for normal
...................... and reproduction.
A.energy

B.minerals

C.combination

D. growth

3. Ruminants include animals such as cattle, sheep and ................................
A. pig

B. dog

C. cow

D. chicken

4. Estimates of energy intakes of animal are expressed as kilocalories (kcal)
or mega-calories (Mcal) of digestible energy (DE) or of …............... energy per

kilogram of feed and animal per day.
A. metabolizable

B. crude

C. net

D. gross

5. For many animals, a typical diet will consist of a combination of feeds to
provide everything they need for their health, welfare and production. However,
there is an exception to ..................... because grass may be the only ingredient
in their dietfor much of theyear.
A. mammalian

B. ruminants

C. livestocks

D. poultry

Practice 4: Finding the MainIdeas
1. The main idea of paragraph1:
A. The important of animalnutrition
B. The need of formulation of balanceddiets
C. The role of feed to the animalhealth
2. The main idea of paragraph2
A. Clarification of the energy role to the animalgrowth
B. Classification of the energy of animalfeeds
C. How to measure the net energy in animalfeeds

3. The main idea of paragraph3
A. The definition of protein and classification of aminoacids
B. The protein digestion in digestivetract
C. The synthesis of protein in the animalorgans
4. The main idea of paragraph4
A. Drinking water forlivestock
B. Water in animalhusbandry
P a g e 18 | 45


C. The animal farms should establish the water system for theiranimals
5. The main idea of paragraph5
A. The use of materials in animal feedproduction.
B. The risk of using processed animal products as animalfeeds
C. The grass production forcows.

P a g e 19 | 45


LESSON 3
ANIMAL BODY
Mục tiêu:
- Trang bị cho người học từ vựng về tên các bộ phận trên cơ thể động vât;
- Người học biết từ vựng và cách sử dụng từ, cụm từ mô tả về các cơ quan, bộ
phận trên cơ thể gia súc.
I. Reading comprehension
The organ systems include:
The cardiovascular system includes the heart and blood vessels. The
cardiovascular system performs the function of pumping and carrying blood to
the rest of the body. The blood contains nutrients and oxygen to provide energy

to allow the cells of the body to perform work.
The lymphatic system includes the lymph nodes and lymph vessels. The
lymphatic system is part of the immune system that helps the body fight off
disease.
The digestive system includes the mouth, teeth, salivary glands, esophagus,
stomach, intestine, pancreas, liver and gall bladder. The digestive system
absorbs and digests food and eliminates solid wastes from the body.
The integumentary system is the skin and fur that cover the animal's body.
The skin protects the underlying organs.
The musculoskeletal system includes all the muscles, bones and joints.
The respiratory system includes the mouth, nose, trachea, lungs and
smaller airways (bronchi and bronchioles). The respiratory system is responsible
for taking in oxygen and eliminating waste gases like carbon dioxide.
The urogenital system includes the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder,
urethra and the genital organs of box sexes. The urinary system is responsible
for removing waste products from blood and eliminating them as urine.
The nervous system includes the brain, spinal cord and all the nerves that
communicate between tissues and the brain and spinal cord.
The endocrine system includes several glands that produce hormones.
Hormones are substances that travel through the blood stream and affect other
organs. Endocrine organs include the thyroid glands, parathyroid glands, adrenal
glands and part of the pancreas.
The organs of special senses allow the animal to interact with its
environment; sight, taste, smell and hearing.
P a g e 20 | 45


The hematopoietic system includes the bone marrow which is located
inside the bones. Three types of blood cells are made in the bone marrow: white
blood cells that fight infection, red blood cells that carry oxygen and platelets

that are part of the blood clotting process.
II. Vocabulary and Picture
cardiovascular

tim mạch
[,kɑ:diəʊ'væskjʊlə]

vessels

['vesl]

Mạch máu

pump

[pʌmp]

bơm

lymphatic (adj)

[lim'fætik]

bạch huyết

nodes

[noud]

cục u, bướu cứng

immune

[i'mju:n]

miễn dịch

digestive (adj)

[di'dʒestiv]

tiêu hố

salivary glands

['sỉlivəri][glỉnd]

Tuyến nước bọt

esophagus

[i:'sɔfəgəs]

thực quản

pancreas

['pỉηkriəs]

tuyến tụy

gall bladder

Túi mật
[gɔ:l]['blỉdə]

integumentary

[in,tegju'mentəri]

Thuộc da/ vỏ

joints

[dʒɔint]

Khớp

musculoskeletal

thuộc cơ xương

respiratory

['respirətri]

hơ hấp

trachea

[trə'kiə]

khí quản

smaller airways

đường thở nhỏ hơn

urogenital

[,juərə'dʒenitl]

niệu-sinh dục

ureters

[juə'ri:tə]

niệu quản
P a g e 21 | 45


urinary bladder

Bàng quang
['juərinəri]['blædə]

urethra

[juə'ri:θrə]

genital organs of box
sexes

niệu đạo /ống đái
Hộp cơ quan sinh dục

nervous

['nə:vəs]

thần kinh

spinal cord

['spainl] [kɔ:d]

Dây cột sống

endocrine

['endoukrain]

nội tiết

blood stream

[blʌd][stri:m]

Dòng máu

Thyroid (adj)

['θairɔid]

(Thuộc) Tuyến giáp

parathyroid (adj)

[,pærəθairɔid]

tuyến cận giáp

adrenal (adj)

[əd'ri:nəl]

thượng thận

hematopoietic

Hệ sinh huyết

marrow

['mỉrou]

tuỷ

platelets

[pleitlit]

tiểu huyết cầu

blood clotting process

Q trình đơng máu

P a g e 22 | 45