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Tiểu luận: Phát triển du lịch cộng đồng ở vườn quốc gia Xuân Thủy

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Mở đầu
1. Lý do chọn đề tài

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Sinh viên: Phạm Thị Thắm Lớp: VHDL 12B
1
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Q2.:H *<3-B3":+T
HUVVW/Q2.A&XY2"#


*/SU2"#63Q2.EG#/
<A/$#4O:<
UVVZ[UVXR*<3 /W-U\[Y-Y\-
0:G A+EP]*<
*29,/0:^:F #'*/
#O/,0##
"_C2/#"A!FD
v,63"G604"# …
`1/0Ia#/8A'$#$
2'*2/0:9,*/$#44''
G$#41**//&-
NP@7b'P/0:9[
,4*7G$#41*P,"0
"!,G+P$&*/*2T(#
A"1*A$$85$
F_PIC2(O$c<"#63
'$J'+"-Q<T5
A$#4P20B/9H
2'60#:G/<
G$#41*/-
Q,63d+002e+0%.`0
/"*GG604<bT4"G
604*MPbTf9gP*/I/"h8:
+"*G`9.¸*/0O+Q2.iXYjYk
UVVRQ2.<A"h(U/"Pl/fO*,63
Sinh viªn: Ph¹m ThÞ Th¾m Líp: VHDL 12B
2
Khoá luận tốt nghiệp
m#:i`P.kihD9<<*1'P#*MO
5$<A86F63C2/&)+#/[

<6Lk-
Q,63/4#O$c"9%+.
`/I";$'<*<!F+2
#5$C'6&K$+*/4C2/
636F1/6L*/#
a) ` ,3*#+*M2C
';#:4+*M6:*B4B/P/
0:*#(O$c-
n97P0G*,63d
^*/*M2ed/<<A$$8)J0*/
#7+%.`P,A$$8'*2/
0:*,63"1*,3"
$&<G$#41*-
o//&C2*<7'+
,6:&.`'E3AA$p
G*/6#7$#4*+.`*<'<-
q74*1"*G*,63d^9F1/=Phát triển
du lịch cộng đồng tại vờn quốc gia Xuân Thuỷ và xã vùng đệm Giao
Xuân?/1/"#532$+7-
2. Lịch sử nghiên cứu vấn đề
g20A397:(*1"*G*,63
d^0:)%15$*O19,
FG:/15$1*2$#4C2/
P/D=m#*,63[1#'?_=q06'L
'*2 $#4*,63d^UVVS[UVXV[r^
Sinh viên: Phạm Thị Thắm Lớp: VHDL 12B
3
Khoá luận tốt nghiệp
%.`?_=l##1$#4#*[
,63d^[/0:9,2$?-nC

"#97P 0IO>*78A1
97:(4$#4&97/0&-
Q795O0*2:(1//0/O83*<
+*,63d^[*M2ed
ET4+%.`-
3. Mục đích nghiên cứu của đề tài
96/"#5+79374#*O1&
'*1 P<$#4+A20##
1*/G*/P"
*G/0-A1O'$#$A$$8J0*/$#
4&" /4O$c,<-
4. Đối tợng và phạm vi nghiên cứu
`1/:(*2$#4*/
P"*,63d^*/*M2ed
i%.`k-
5. Phơng pháp nghiên cứu
k#5Hs$&$#$!D
[t!/2
- u'#G
- t&$#$T$
Q/3$&$#$"#
6. Bố cục đề tài
Sinh viên: Phạm Thị Thắm Lớp: VHDL 12B
4
Khoá luận tốt nghiệp
./$8 8"5$HH"#5Ps&!D
Chơng 1. Tổng quan về loại hình du lịch cộng đồng
Chơng 2. Thực trạng hoạt động du lịch cộng đồng tại vờn quốc gia
Xuân Thuỷ và xã vùng đệm Giao Xuân.
Chơng 3. Một số đề xuất góp phần phát triển du lịch cộng đồng tại

vờn quốc gia Xuân Thuỷ và xã vùng đệm Giao Xuân.
Sinh viên: Phạm Thị Thắm Lớp: VHDL 12B
5
Khoá luận tốt nghiệp
Chơng 1
Tổng quan về loại hình du lịch cộng đồng
1.1. Các khái niệm cơ bản
1.1.1. Khái niệm du lịch
./NA6#77/*/$#4
-m#/:(b" 0:
,T"#6392*<#1*Gv
wm5$ovg/ấ`g0o$on7/-+8
+0/674*/%&"$M
*<#"*A01#9#
0#4#*MO</< O$6L+9P<
#&
20,3"+,/0/$#
4_5$63 78,%&
'!"#$#*>K$+#1*A"#:
";$</0/:P]*<G$#4"9
+-N /2/"
A609/8-
m0"#2*c3O*1C
]-hlBo6B3=u?"xD=`3*<
A:#':(7AO0:]M0B
A/F15$<?-
m)y74]*1+#T(#
*//<:(*1]*G/047#'O
O+"#2-
Sinh viên: Phạm Thị Thắm Lớp: VHDL 12B

6
Kho¸ luËn tèt nghiÖp
n]<O*1$'"4A/
] /"FócgB*f*/
XYXV-B9=N//:6G$G */
04+"#</:0:/*M/
$3C63O?iwww. worldtourism .org )
Q/XYSU/:(/gzuB*/u$
]<*1D=N/GT$+#362*/#
2'0G04*/ +,"#*<1
"2/G A"9bH!5$&3*/"9:
6#"#?iwww. worldtourism .org )
n"#2"#BO$T ócD=N/
/92$*HP#/3*97*/7-m#
037PD9G$JP3#&7
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A  #  H  G  $:      4  0  &  8  /  G   ?
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ë v2.#97:(*1/92$
"9"A/0##'E"#2*1"#
:$&2:(7-
T$:(A1XV$#$2Q2
.60D=N/+,/& ),
0:'7ba86'!%v
"',O?-
BT(<{|DNPO'F
+"#)*<H!6"#$#7
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,:H"96# :/9,3
#"#/H!!/"1-

Sinh viªn: Ph¹m ThÞ Th¾m Líp: VHDL 12B
7
Kho¸ luËn tèt nghiÖp
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P$&6#7)*/A$"#-
.*50A4O0bCMA]"#*1
7O'13O C4_/
+,/&),0:ba8*
&'!%vJ5*>K$G:*/*+4
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$#4+7,/$#
41720Dd*A2
B#P NM*50… 
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NP0IF/G*/Pim0
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:}9,*/,_,G+P$[
&*/46''G$#4
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92$#9A20-
1.1.2. Kh¸i niÖm du lÞch céng ®ång.
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/,<AO2C4*1
/$8O$*112$*14H*/)-mEA
PP'I3;
?-.*50"AP8$'15$0
3!$T6#T5DuL9*
A!v9#*/33-

Sinh viªn: Ph¹m ThÞ Th¾m Líp: VHDL 12B
8
Kho¸ luËn tèt nghiÖp
5PO$#7(/'
XYWV #<$#4"*Gm~mn•*/
móc-nH!"#2/08:"#-u#
6#/'74*1,3$H5$
6#_"#$#2#+*M)-m#/0T
(#*M)I!G:74
 O<_#1"2O"A"-
.)*50"#8$'AG)$v+'
c,"a&%6:G$J u#… 
,F0A/0AGp+,
'(-`0!/11G$#47P
20-
NP!(7/*/$#4y#
<mtm ócm~mn]*/jV}YV+
"^<-sA"*Gm¸AA#<"*G
wf€w.•Bt$#oQ2.…
./00P#T(pP#
T($!$+!$+#/+#<6
1&: /]*G<O$c/92$
-l:A#T($!$+1"2)$v*/
*/]*G/0:A#*O1*A!"
*/#"9*:+/' /#
O$*H"#*/)1"#
6-.,'(EA5$*2O$*H$H*H
"#:7G*/P/$T*/
AL]"9%3*<,!601 /'3
*<P#"P-

Sinh viªn: Ph¹m ThÞ Th¾m Líp: VHDL 12B
9
Kho¸ luËn tèt nghiÖp
m0M0B=A7?64:(/
PA:F*/"#2"#-
.:F"#:6$#4AG
+PD
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[NG*/Pim0}lBk
[t#4PG*/im0}NB*B$B
k-
[t#4#G*/Pim0}lB
Bk
[t#4AG+Pim0}
t$k
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0#:F"##7/01A
3*O1&'3C&P*14$&(T(H
:*!T($#4*/P-m)1/7
: "#6#"*GA/0:
::0A#"#/0:O$c"#
6-
`4T($#4P/"*G4
A/0:::*/*$$)A(O$c)
"#_A0'*1FC*A
O<_*/2#+,i"#*/,
'k-.46/0A0&23/0::
Sinh viªn: Ph¹m ThÞ Th¾m Líp: VHDL 12B
10

Kho¸ luËn tèt nghiÖp
:#O"3"#*6((B60*/
#A+"-
QO1P;</#8<$3
*MC#*M1"1A/0:i::*kD
c#"'PG:*,63*M)&A1
4)"#-&/01"29
:3,C$1"A"*/(3O$&#*M
"#_3//0+F+0G*/"#/
0:G:-N3"#/0:::/0/
c/0:"9%+0/IA0&02+-
p#4PyA$$8$#4A*/$#
4P$&'P/0:G:*-
.XYYW-T(#o=hB$B€f
?"#2=NP/$&(T(
1G1**19,*A-NP
P */6'L*7P$‚$"#5
(*/Fa*1P*13,,+F?-
g/:(.BgB*/wƒs
3=c0BBBB?7bD=d
P/7#A+0/,$&
($#4*/6'L-o!"AyF1
"$&?-q4:O*I!+,
$&*O1$#4P0:/
6'L-
`/o63;$O<*<7
P#gBgBoBB}2 ,`Fc®Pg}
gi`/ok::"#2PD=N
Sinh viªn: Ph¹m ThÞ Th¾m Líp: VHDL 12B
11

Kho¸ luËn tèt nghiÖp
P/b'P/0:#4A"#
*7G$#41*/-`P,"0"!#
&+,$&?
u#2/015$*O1/0:#1"2
"0"!'609*2/P#4$#
4-
mE(:64:(:T('*2:
:362P/0:*/+
P$#4PD
.P/0:*/*A
N
g*/5$
u0"!
n97:O0362P/0:*//
+PAL]O<$#4P(
/DmA/0:/3$H*H*2)"#
#'P'*2/0:9,-./0:
9,3yO$c"#60A#"#0
/*I8/*2$#4P-
`3*<<*O1$#4P88:
=g'>/F"2$#4P
Q2.}UVVs?T(g .-m#0:/à <
'5#*O1&'+7Pv2n-
BA*2:($#41)"#2*1
Sinh viªn: Ph¹m ThÞ Th¾m Líp: VHDL 12B
12
Khoá luận tốt nghiệp
PD=NP/b'P/0:
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P"0"!G+,$&*/A
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$!#!"'PP*/9,
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q:(#"#2+#T(*//<-
]Qq3=NPL0*/*5H?)
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=NP/$&($#4A
PT(O$#*H4$#$#4P,
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601*1*5O*/8$#4*/'PG
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1.2. Đặc điểm và vai trò của loại hình du lịch cộng đồng
1.2.1. Đặc điểm của loại hình du lịch cộng đồng
$!"#2:A45(3C
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Sinh viên: Phạm Thị Thắm Lớp: VHDL 12B
13
Kho¸ luËn tèt nghiÖp

#4A/0:::*/*604$#4
-
[ .0:;+P3*<*2$#4
P#DmP*/*/60
$#4_"#/0:0G#'
$J_T(6'L"#*H$H*H
"#-
NC4/0:1"2P:8B‚#
03p1"2+#:T(
PAA*I+#T($!$+*//[
<#T(!$+ Q1/!"•5"2$#4… 
 :& "9/0TC4&'+';*A… 
'"-
t#4PP]*<*2''G9
b*2>!PP
"#:M0G$#4
"*G-NP$'B/"1*
*2,3"8+,$&-
m!C4::23#'$J*/*H
+7P"#*/AC"#
p"P:2-`1/0$H*/C4
"*A+"P/0:*/
#&7FA+#/-N<0/3
7P:4D
Lo¹i h×nh Du lÞch céng ®ång §Æc ®iÓm chung
m0:1C2 [ dB
[ dB
[ 7403'
[ gF1+9•2
Sinh viªn: Ph¹m ThÞ Th¾m Líp: VHDL 12B

14
Kho¸ luËn tèt nghiÖp
[  (*A
N4
[ `
[ m…01':9#1
[ l&C
[ oB)
[ dB*5
N/'
[ mM *<$&
[ 6/'b$&29
&C
N#92$
[ 6P1"9
P
[ #M,iP
F9#;^''k
[ #/,
"*G99
N:9":
[ N016#'K$:
9*B4"#
[ #:/01
[ .%6::01
e    *  A    6
F5$
[     #    p   
P
[ e*A25

[ 74>"27
';*A*<$[
&-
nCMA'$JP"#G[
1AC4D`A/#&7#;1*<
"'P6:"#G$J5##*A'
*/'23"-
1.2.2. Vai trß cña lo¹i h×nh du lÞch céng ®ång
Sinh viªn: Ph¹m ThÞ Th¾m Líp: VHDL 12B
15
Kho¸ luËn tèt nghiÖp
BQ2:($#41)in•k4$#4
P7H:$#4P$'P4
D
[ o/9H'P-
[ o/9H$#4O3-
[ o/9H45("(*/G4+F
,:/P*1*O1P[
,3"*G92$&6019,
/'-
[ o/9HPM'5#*O1M
/*2*/'60#*O1P-
[ n #&T"(*/*A"#
*/P-
[ mO$"'5$:##/*:
P-
[ n5$6•$#4P-
.*50NPA$$8'*2/0:::*/
*APG*1F/0:<';*
A…

NPA$*/$#4"$&96*2
*/!"#P$&-
NPAG/0/9'*/!G+
P$&"#'$JA#
23*<9,*/-
mA4APO1!*1F
C*/A*IO<3*<1*O1"!*A
63$I/0: 9,+63"*G*/
!'P-
[ `3*<9#'P/0:
†gA$$8'*21*/0:G:9,#
 †l'P*/$#0##';*#*54*/$*5
4+P
[ `3*<D
†G'$J*H+*M63-
Sinh viªn: Ph¹m ThÞ Th¾m Líp: VHDL 12B
16
Kho¸ luËn tèt nghiÖp
†eA$$8)"#-
†eA$$8'*2/0:::A*//0:
A:-
[ `3*<PD
†n!"#/*:G$
O$#*H"#-`P,/*:"#+
PE G#8+P*/*2
pO$$#4& 8A$$80TC
$&-
†e)$P5#2+73*<*2'*2/
0:*/9,+$&"A#5
(+#P"#*1*O1L('*2/0:

9,+$&F)-
.*50A4"xb*2$#4PA
L]O<3*<FC+-O::
!+77AE03#' O3*<
P$&*//0:A-.M)
E"94$+586FC2+*2$#4
P:1"!-
1.3. Xu híng ph¸t triÓn du lÞch vµ du lÞch céng ®ång trªn thÕ giíi
vµ ViÖt Nam hiÖn nay.
g20N"9%//92$"9"A
($#4AI03O*7'609
*2/A$$85$,#
$&63-NP,//A!]*G
:/:TAG+1T(*/
P-N+3<E(bP
A$$8"9a*/*2$#4#*HO$"#
Sinh viªn: Ph¹m ThÞ Th¾m Líp: VHDL 12B
17
Kho¸ luËn tèt nghiÖp
'*2/0:*/9,0A#"#P*/3
*/+44$#4#*M63-
N /83*A#63#/
F"'#:<,!8*7G$#4
/8-
n1:(,"#P60
9<+2$#<UVVU}UVVsO0
<<+192$/8-
N"#A8/0/*27"9*/
Fa74"#]*GL*A$H
5$6#*/9#H9,-N"#374#*O

1*A!$)*<,$&JG$[
&0%#& )609a+'_##
9,*/#2+"#4"#6
/8 A*50"#<A&#
"*G"99‡*#0:&/0
+FAL]*&-u#E42#
2+7 "'ˆ/'#pG'P/
0:4-
ZV\"#n•ˆ/*<90A#2'
*2*A+4c#&R\-WV\"#n•w
ócˆ/':<X-RVVrfNU8%"#A
!#'*29,$&-:(*1G#p
1*f$O0"#63ˆ/'O$S[R8$!
61HP-
Sinh viªn: Ph¹m ThÞ Th¾m Líp: VHDL 12B
18
Kho¸ luËn tèt nghiÖp
m!*7*50"#P*7G$#41*
7/*/$#4+7,(<&
=O#?20-
:";$<197P60
*/$#4Dl/,a nfB}
n•/ 9gP.qo}q3"
*,63e.gn}•B0/e"
"'P63w$}.B$-
.;;!$#4+P:
<#/v2n*/$3$*<#T
(63!601P$&0G#97
P #$&A1$$)-l<8#
97"x*+7*/)O1"#

6C2/"#63-NP/
7OO$c Q2.AB,<4
)"#</-
mA4"4397P0G/
9 Q2.20Dn97f$"nm
igIl7k"PQoi.l7k …
Q,63d+002e+0%.`0
/"*GG604<bT4"G
604*MPbTf9gP*/I/"h8:
+"*G`9.¸ */0O+Q2.iXYjYk
UVVRQ2.<A"h(U/"Pl/fO*,63
m#:i`P.kihD9<<*1'P#*MO
5$<A86F63C2/&)+#/[
<6Lk-
Sinh viªn: Ph¹m ThÞ Th¾m Líp: VHDL 12B
19
Khoá luận tốt nghiệp
Q,63d+0*</0:G:$$)*//
0:*A*M2C;/"
#O$c"#-0:*2"#6#(*2
+P$&/*,7BF:
F*1G0#P/0:G:-
.5(!*I6FP
'P*54*/$#4PinmNk
$3$*<*,63d+0P$&*/#T(
/40G97P*,63d+0*/
*M2ed-n97<<8*/*/B
<<.`P,/$&(2
'P/0:G:*,63d^*/"
<Ped-m97P*,63

d+0*/*M2ed$H$#4/2
&*/(Ky/4OO$c"#,
<-
Có thể nói, hiện nay ngành du lịch thế giới đang phát triển rất mạnh
mẽ và hớng đến mục tiêu phát triển bền vững và dài hạn. Du lịch cộng đồng
là một trong những loại hình đang rất đợc yêu thích và có khả năng phát
triển mạnh mẽ. Phát triển du lịch cộng đồng trong giai đoạn hiện nay là ph-
ơng thức hữu hiệu góp phần thúc đẩy sự phát triển du lịch một cách bền vững
trong tơng lai.
Sinh viên: Phạm Thị Thắm Lớp: VHDL 12B
20
Khoá luận tốt nghiệp
Chơng 2
Thực trạng hoạt động du lịch cộng đồng
tại vờn quốc gia Xuân Thuỷ
và xã vùng đệm Giao Xuân
2.1. Khái quát chung về vờn quốc gia Xuân Thuỷ và xã vùng đệm
Giao Xuân.
2.1.1. Đặc điểm tự nhiên
2.1.1.1. Vị trí địa lý
.`/$&A013*0:<*/#
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15O$"Q2.
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4*/*#T_&v0:!(
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c*/)"#*<1!*#*/'6
C;Dk!18MtTnq84!$+e80

Q1/23 tT! ,mQ,q3d
^4oqOo
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U
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A*!&35',9*/,4-
`,,4/WU"
t!9#$%#l7
Sinh viên: Phạm Thị Thắm Lớp: VHDL 12B
21
Kho¸ luËn tèt nghiÖp
t!0#$%.l7
t!.*/`9.#$4`9
t!b;#$%g/.
.`AY02ie^g'g5.G.]g
n•oG.d,QHl'ý Y:)*//$3.`-
"!*A+%//$3.`#
+9g/."'YV"-
Q,63d^b $!`9.02e^
ỉ.`#/$3.`"'ZV"#g/.
XRV"-Q,63/*MPO5$C<b 
9gPlo*B4-.&0'PcJ4
7+2#* F*MO5$C*B4Cà 
2A1/<6L)
#XXYjY*,63d^95/"
hf8:+"*G®9n¸*/0O Q2.
UVVRQ2.<A:"hf(U/"l/fO*,63
m#:i`P.k-g:0*,63d^/"hf

(RV+<ihfD9<'P*MO5$<A
86F63C2/&)+/<6L
k  0R‰Y‰XYYSAà !( /"'P::
d^-. 0U‰X‰UVVs"'P::à 95/*,
63B60X‰X‰UVVs++<!$+-Q,63
d^E/$5!T4"G604
<Pb9gPi"Gb:/#02.]
ge^i.`k*/1g'#H0i#l7k*<$8
2!!/*,q3d^*/"'P::1
g'krB95UVVSk-
Sinh viªn: Ph¹m ThÞ Th¾m Líp: VHDL 12B
22
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B$O$6'LQ,63/U"*GP
*M„*/*M2-QM„A2!W-XVVPPoP
.Pd-QM2A2!jVVVP$82!I
+P.2!*/"*GR*M2ie2
eweoedeg'k
N<*,63D
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2.1.1.2. §Þa h×nh, ®Þa m¹o
Q,63d^/*M1/:41
P17OD#PI91
#'O5$<5$C-
l1O 8!+f9gP*/4`9P
;$-fGP;$$MB,:7#+*,
 20-.7d^7O$l;3.
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 :49t/9vF$*/1:P
nPo*/Pd-
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3O$-
Sinh viªn: Ph¹m ThÞ Th¾m Líp: VHDL 12B
23
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Sinh viên: Phạm Thị Thắm Lớp: VHDL 12B
24
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m-
[ m
nM#R#XV-T7
X-RVV}XWXR-o3&7#:jZ[XUZ‰
#-o3&O*/#W-
[ mAD
g<ADnM9A//<Ab;i#XX
#sk-nM…A//<`9*/`9.i
#S#XVk-3A7s[S‰0-l[
,O2*/#W}#Y3:jV"‰
02<*1,*/+,$&
[ ,DXQ,q3eAC4,
!D
,*/"9*/8M9-t,#>A
$M*/J<*1M-t,;A*/A9/*1
M-,#*1M-
[ m<*/^1

Sinh viªn: Ph¹m ThÞ Th¾m Líp: VHDL 12B
25

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