vietnamese cultural establishment learn about vietnam quoc tu pagoda

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11/18/2022

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Learn about Vietnam Quoc Tu Pagoda

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TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC CƠNG NGHIỆP THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH

TP.HCM, THÁNG 11 NĂM 2022

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DANH SÁCH, NHIỆM VỤ PHÂN CÔNG VÀ KẾT QUẢ ĐÁNH GIÁ THÀNH VIÊN THEO NHÓM:

STT Họ và tên MSSV Nội dung phân công

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THANK YOU

It is not just our knowledge and the hard-working from all of our team members

to finish our field trip and topic: "ACKNOWLEDGE AND STUDIES ABOUT VIETNAM NATION TEMPLE ( VIỆT NAM QUỐC TỰ)". But it is also for the

sincere help and guidance of Ms. Nguyen Thu Ha, and the vibrant cooperation from our classmates.

On the field trip, we also received a lot of help from M.E.C ( Media & Event Club), who created the perfect environment for us to collect documents, media, and an unforgettable memory.

Through this essay, we would like to express our sincere and deep gratitude to Ms. Nguyen Thu Ha and all the teachers in our school for creating all conditions for our class to have this field trip.

Sincerely thank!

Ho Chi Minh city, November 11, 2022.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I: PROLOGUE _________________________________________________________ 6 PART II: CONTENT __________________________________________________________ 8

CHAPTER I: HISTORY AND THE FORMATION PROGRESS ______________________________ 8

I. 1: History of Vietnam Quoc Tu: ______________________________________________________ 8

I. 2: Prime location on the most beautiful route in Saigon: _________________________________ 10

CHAPTER II: DETAILED ARCHITECTURE OF THE TEMPLE _____________________________ 11

II. 1: Vietnam Quoc Tu architecture: ___________________________________________________ 11

II. 2: The 13-storey tower: ___________________________________________________________ 12

II. 3: The main sanctum: ____________________________________________________________ 15

II. 4: Vietnam Quoc Tu-A vital work of Vietnamese Buddhism: ______________________________ 17

II. 5: The meanning of Lotus in Buddhism: ______________________________________________ 22

PART III: CONCLUSION ______________________________________________________ 24 1. SUMMARY: ___________________________________________________________________ 24 2. EXPERIENCES AFTER FINISHING THE ESSAY: __________________________________________ 24 3. SOLUTIONS TO PRESERVE VIETNAM QUOC TU: _______________________________________ 24 SOURCE OF REFERENCES: __________________________________________________________ 26

TABLE OF FIGURES

Figure 1 Vietnamese culture class-DHAV18LK-Fieldtrip to Vietnam Quoc Tu. Source: : M.E.C ... 9

Figure 2 Alex presenting to all classmates under the supervise of Ms. Nguyen Thu Ha. Source: M.E.C : ... 9

Figure 3: Although it is still early, the street is crowded. Source: Taken ... 10

Figure 4: Vietnam Quoc Tu together with the monks. Source: Internet ... 11

Figure 5: 13-storey tower in the campus of Viet Nam Quoc Tu pagoda. Source: dulich3mien.vn ... 12

Figure 6 The top of the copper tower has just been installed on April 6th. Source: giacngo.vn : ... 13

Figure 7: Buddha's Birthday celebration. Source: Tuoi Tre newspaper ... 15

Figure 8 The deities chanted the Buddha's name in front of the statue of birth. Source: pgtphcm.vn ( Vietnam : Buddhist Cult) ... 15

Figure 10: Religious Orders Proof Council, Governing Council celebrate Buddha's Birthday. ... 16

Figure 9 Bodhisattva's Ceremony. Source: pgtphcm.vn ( Vietnam Buddhist Cult) : ... 16

Figure 11: Vietnam Quoc Tu view from above. Source: vietnamese.quest ... 17

Figure 12 Close-up of the statue of Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara in Vietnam Quoc Tu. Source: Tanken : ... 19

Figure 13: Buddha's Birthday celebration with a very large number of attendees. Source: vuonhoaphatgiao.com . 20Figure 14: Vietnam Quoc Tu can be spotted from far away. Source: Vietravel ... 21

Figure 15 Lotus has a very special connection and played a vital role in Buddhism. Source: The New York Times 22: Figure 16 Salute under the statue of Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara. Source: giacngo.vn : ... 23

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PART I: PROLOGUE

1. Reason for choosing the topic:

• On the development path of the nation's history, the previous generations have left behind a rich and diverse cultural heritage treasure, including a system of historical and cultural relics.

• Cultural and historical relics are places and works and include objects and relics related to historical characters, events, and socio-cultural activities belonging to individuals or communities in a particular area. They are the place of crystallization, preserving the historical and legendary values of the land and the people where it was born and existed. The late Professor Tran Van Giau once said: "According to the law of the time, the past will be distilled and crystallized into eternal values." Therefore, cultural-historical relics are places to honor the cultural values of the past built, preserved, and passed on to future generations by generations of ancestors, a mirror reflecting the nation's history. With the flow of time, historical and cultural relics have increasingly crystallized their unique values, becoming treasures of each nation's incredibly precious cultural heritage.

• Among the historical and cultural relics, architectural and artistic relics account for a significant number, especially pagoda architecture - A type of relic that is indispensable in the spiritual life of Vietnamese people. • However, many relics are increasingly degraded and damaged for various

reasons, directly affecting the national cultural identity. Therefore, finding out and researching to develop conservation solutions to promote the monument's value is always an urgent issue.

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• On the vast land of ancient times, Vietnam Quoc Tu Pagoda is an important architectural and artistic work of Ho Chi Minh City.

• The temple still retains the ancient architectural style with a unique artistic style. With rich creativity, folk artisans have created this temple, which to this day is still the pride of every resident here.

• Currently, due to many objective and subjective reasons, the study of Vietnam Quoc Tu Pagoda in a specific, detailed, and systematic way has yet to be paid much attention. Stemming from the passion for learning about the local historical and cultural relics and heritages and the desire to learn more comprehensively and thoroughly about this temple, the group chose "Finding out and understanding the Vietnam Quoc Tu" as our topic.

2. Essay layout:

• CHAP TER I: HISTORY AND THE FORMATION PROGRESS • CHAPTER II: DETAILED ARCHITECTURE OF THE TEMPLE • CHAPTER III: CONSERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT SOLUTIONS

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PART II: CONTENT

CHAPTER I: HISTORY AND THE FORMATION PROGRESS

I. 1: History of Vietnam Quoc Tu:

• The Vietnam Quoc Tu was built in 1964 by the Unified Buddhist Cult of Vietnam and was built on an area that accounts for more than 4 hectares which the Government of Vietnam donates. At that time, the Prime Minister of the Republic of Vietnam, Mr. Nguyen Khanh, contributed 10 million VND to build the pagoda.

• After 1975, the government of the Republic of Vietnam collapsed, and the pagoda gave away most of the land to build Ky Hoa amusement park and Hoa Binh theater.

• In 1988, Venerable Tu Nhon, in the name of the former abbot, applied to requisition the land and request ownership of the Vietnam Quoc Tu. After five years, on February 28, 1993, the state granted the monk Thich Tu Nhon the proprietary according to the application, yet, the temple area decreased to 3,712 m , and the original tower was still unfinished. 2

• In 1993, Vietnam Quoc Tu was restored and renovated with many new additions.

• In 2014, Vietnam Quoc Tu Pagoda was renovated and inaugurated in November 2017 with a new architectural style that is more solid and spacious.

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Figure 1 Vietnamese culture class-DHAV18LK-Fieldtrip to Vietnam Quoc Tu. Source: M.E.C:

Figure 2 Alex presenting to all classmates under the supervise of Ms. Nguyen Thu Ha. Source: M.E.C:

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I. 2: Prime location on the most beautiful route in Saigon:

• Being built in 1964, Vietnam Quoc Tu has been through a lot of transformation over the centuries. The wild area around the site has been replaced with infrastructures, facilities and services. Vietnam Quoc Tu is located right on the Ba Thang Hai route in district 10. Ba Thang Hai is one of the streets well known for its size and provides a big diversity of utilities and services.

• In addition, the design of the campus of Vietnam Quoc Tu is very open and spacious. Therefore, given the 13-storey tower, although standing in the middle of a residential area, it is still not obstructed from view. • Vietnam Quoc Tu is situated in a very convenient location because it lies

next to a big main road which make it really easy spotted and access by pedestrians and people driving past. In the future, this will be a great place that meets all conditions for Buddhism. It is a gathering place for monks or Buddhists to celebrate important Buddhist holidays.

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CHAPTER II: DETAILED ARCHITECTURE OF THE TEMPLE

II. 1: Vietnam Quoc Tu architecture:

• The temple was built according to the ancient Northern pagoda design architecture using yellow as the main color with red-brown for the tiled roof. The roof of the pagoda was built with many floors and curved in the shape of a knife which corners decorated with a unique dragon head design.

• The overall architecture of Vietnam Quoc Tu situated on an area of 3,700 m2 includes Tam Quan gate, the main hall, 13-storey Bao tower, Southern University, Quach Thi Trang orphanage with its shrines, and together with the Buddha statues in the temple grounds.

• Vietnam Quoc Tu Pagoda is one of the largest religious architectural works, invested in and built methodically. The large and small architectural items are solidly built and sophisticatedly carved, showing the identity of the ancient Vietnamese pagoda style.

Figure 4 Vietnam Quoc Tu together with the monks. Source: Internet:

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II. 2: The 13-storey tower:

• The beautiful Vietnamese pagoda Quoc Tu is known for its size with a total of 13 floors and a height of 63 meters. It is considered a symbol of the unity of 13 organizations in Buddhism. Contemporaneous, it is the place to store and worship the sacrifice of the monk Thich Quang Duc. • The largest bell in Vietnam can be found here, with a height of 2.9m and

weighing up to 3 tons. When stepping into Vietnam Quoc Tu, you will find yourself immersed in the spiritual atmosphere and overwhelmed to admire the artistic values.

Figure 5 13-storey tower in the campus of Viet Nam Quoc Tu pagoda. Source: dulich3mien.vn:

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• Stupa on the campus of Vietnam Quoc Tu started construction on August 3rd, 2015. The top of the tower is cast in monolithic bronze by a group of copper-casting village workers in the Y Yen district, Nam Dinh. Following the design of the stupa, the total height was calculated to be 63 meters and consisted of 13 floors. And on April 4th, the top, made of 6 tons of solid copper, was installed right after the concreting process finished on the 13th floor and the roof.

Figure 6 The top of the copper tower has just been installed on April 6th. Source: giacngo.vn:

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• Regarding the stupa's architecture, the tower has a height of 63 meters and 13 floors because that is a religious work commemorating the Buddhist nonviolent struggle for religious equality in 1963. Stupa 13 The floor has symbolic significance for the spirit of service and unity of 13 organizations, associations, and sects that participated in the nonviolent protest of Buddhism in 1963. After completion, the stupa will be a place to display ideas and thoughts about the historical struggle.

• One thing that attracted the attention of many people is that after completion, people expected the heart relic of Thich Quang Duc to be placed there. On June 11, 1963, at the intersection of Phan Dinh Phung Boulevard and Le Van Duyet Street, the monk Thich Quang Duc burned himself to protest against the suppression of Buddhism by the Ngo Dinh Diem's government. Then the body of Venerable Thich Quang Duc was brought back to be cremated again in the 4,000 degrees Celsius furnace, but the heart still did not burn.

• According to the Enlightenment newspaper, the Speech Agency of the Vietnam Buddhist Sangha in Ho Chi Minh City, during the regular meeting, several critical Buddhist affairs were discussed at the headquarters of the Board of Directors on the morning of March 12. During that meeting, the venerable monks are expected to ask permission from the relevant agencies to offer the relic of the heart of the monk Thich Quang Duc for veneration at the stupa on the Great Buddha's Birthday this year.

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Figure 8 The deities chanted the Buddha's name in front of the statue of birth. Source: pgtphcm.vn ( Vietnam Buddhist Cult): Figure 7: Buddha's Birthday celebration. Source: Tuoi Tre newspaper

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II. 3: The main sanctum:

• The main sanctum had a wide diversion of Buddhist symbols with outstanding craftsmanship. In the middle of the hall stands the statue of Shakyamuni Buddha, and behind the hall is the Patriarch's house. The bronze statue of Shakyamuni Buddha in the main hall was cast in 2015. The statue is 7.5 meters high, weighs 35 tons, and is the largest bronze statue in a temple's main hall in Vietnam.

Figure 9 Religious Orders Proof Council, Governing Council celebrate Buddha's Birthday. : Figure 10 Bodhisattva's Ceremony. Source: pgtphcm.vn ( Vietnam Buddhist Cul: t)

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II. 4: Vietnam Quoc Tu-A vital work of Vietnamese Buddhism:

• Vietnam Quoc Tu project combines the traditional architecture of Vietnamese Buddhism and modern structure. The tower started construction in October 2014 with a scale of 11,000m 2.

• Vietnam Quoc Tu was redesigned to create a building worthy of this spiritual site's name and history and meet the Buddhist city's need for a cultural-administrative center. The scale and function are suitable for diverse Buddhist activities.

• Present since 1963, is a historical temple marking the period when Vietnamese Buddhism was amidst the French crisis in 1963. Vietnam Quoc Tu was quite rudimentary and remained for more than ten years. It was destroyed, so it was dismantled, and only the tower and the foundation remained.

Figure 11 Vietnam Quoc Tu view from above. Source: vietnamese.quest:

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