kiến thức cơ bản và nâng cao ANH 9

Nguyễn Thị đào-Ngô sĩ liên-TP:Bắc giang
English 9 _ main points for revision
Part 1: Cách dùng các thì.
1. Hiện tại đơn ( Present simple )
form : be am / is / are (-) am not / isnt / arent (?) Am / Is / Are + S .?
V( thờng ) V / Vs , es (-) dont / doesnt + V (?) Do / Does + S + V ?
Nhận biết : có các từ : always , usually , often , sometimes / never , every .
Eg: I am a student. He is , too.
I learn English at school. He learns English at school, too.
2. Hiện tại tiếp diễn ( Present progressive )
form : (+) am / is / are + V-ing
(-) am/ is / are + not + V-ing
(?) Đảo ngữ.
Nhận biết : có các từ : now , at the moment , at present , at this studying E now.
Ngữ cảnh : look !
Eg: I am studying E now. He is studying E now.
3. Qúa khứ đơn ( Past simple )
form : * Be was ( I , He, She , It ) (-) wasnt
were ( We , You, They ) (-) werent
* V( thờng ) Ved (-) didnt + V
V2 (?) Did + S + V ?
Eg: I was in grade 8 last year. I worked very hard.
Nhận biết : Yesterday , last , ago , in + năm , mệnh đề có when
Eg: In 1998 I met very big man when I was on the way to school.
4. Qúa khứ tiếp diễn ( Past progressive )
form : S + was / were + V-ing (-) wasnt / werent.
Nhận biết : ( at + giờ ) Thời gian quá khứ / Mệnh đề While / when / at that time
Eg: I was watching TV at 7 oclock lastnight.
I was watching TV while my sister was doing her homework.
I was watching TV when the phone rang.
5. Tơng lai đơn ( Simple future )

form : S + will + V (-) will not ( wont )
Nhận biết : tomorrow , next , someday ( ngày nào đó / gần đây )
Eg: We will be on holidays next week.
6. Hiện tại hoàn thành ( Present perfect )
form : have / has + P2 ( Ved / V3 ) (-) havent / hasnt .
Nhận biết : since , for , just , already , recently , lately , yet .
Part 2 : Câu điều kiện _ If clause.
Part 3 : Passive voice ( Thể bị động )
S : tiếp nhận hành động do 0 gây ra
S + be + P2 by 0
1. Hiện tại
Đơn (+) S + am/ is/ are + P2 Newspapers are delivered everyday.
Present (-) S + am/ is/ are + not + P2
(?) Am/ Is Are + S + P2 ?
TD (+) S + am/ is/ are + being + P2 I am being interviewed by the teacher now
(-) S + am/ is/ are + not + being + P2
(?) Am/ Is/ Are + S + being + P2 ?
2. Quá khứ
Đơn (+) S + was / were + P2
Simple past Newspapers were (received) delivered yesterday.

TD (+) S + was / were + being + P2 ( by O )
Eg: I was being interviewed when you phoned me yesterday.
3. Hiện tại hoàn thành
Present perfect (+) S + have / has + been + P2 ( by O )
(-) S + havent / hasnt + been + P2
(?) Have / Has + S + been + P2 ?
Eg: All the newspapers have been delivered.
4. Tơng lai
Gần (+) S + am / is / are + going to + be + P2

Future (-) S + am / is / are + not + going to + be + P2
(?) Am / Is / Are + S + going to + be + P2 ?
Đơn (+) S + will be + P2
(-) S + will not + be + P2
(?) Will + S + be + P2 ?
Eg: This room is going to be repainted
If clause
ĐK đa ra có thể thực hiện đợc
1. V HTĐ am / is / are ( not )
V/Vs (es) (dont/doesnt)
If I am free,
If he works hard ,
Main clause
*V (TLĐ) Simple future.
Will (not) + V(inf)
I will go to the movies.
He will pass the exam.
*Có thể dùng can/ must/ should/ have to +
Vinf
2. ĐK đa ra trái với hiện tại ( ko thực hiện đợc
)
QKĐ were ( not)
Ved / V2 ( didnt +V)
If I were you ,
If I worked hard ,

Would (not) + Vinf
( could/ might/ had to )
I wouldnt make noise.
had to work hard.

He would passed the exam
wouldnt fail the exam
This room will be repainted next week
5. Với các trợ V ( Modal verbs ) : must , can , may , should , have to.
(+) S + modal V + be + P2
Eg: The door must be kept locked
This test cant be done.
Part 4: Relatives pronouns ( Đại từ quan hệ ).
* ĐTQH : who , whom , which , that : dùng để thay thế 1 N hoặc 1 đại từ đứng trớc nó và mở
đầu 1 mệnh đề quan hệ tính ngữ (relative adjective clause ) để bổ nghĩa cho N , Đại từ đó
1. Cách dùng who , which , that
Eg: a/ The man gave me a book. I met him at the bookstore.
The man whom I met at the bookstore gave me a book.
b/ The man is very friendly. He lives next door.
The man who lives next door is very friendly.
( that) ĐTQH MĐQH
c/ Thats the dog. He has just given it to me.
Thats the dog which he has just given to me .
N O đtqh mđqh
Note: * ĐTqh who va whom dùng cho N chỉ ngời.
+ who cho từ chỉ ngời làm S trong MĐQH
+ whom cho từ chỉ ngời làm O trong MĐQH
which thay cho từ chỉ vật , con vật , sự vật lam S or O
ĐTQH đứng liền sau N mà nó bổ nghĩa và liền trớc MĐQH
That : có thể thay thế cho who , whom , which .
2. Whose : của
là ĐTQH sở hữu dùng cho cả ngời và vật , đứng liền sau danh từ mà nó chỉ quyền sở hữu ( of
which cần dùng để chỉ quyền sở hữu của sự vật.)
Eg: a/ I have a friend. His father is a good doctor.
I have a friend whose father is a good doctor.

b/ The tree should be cut down. Its branches are dead.
The tree whose branches are dead should be cut down.
The tree the branches of which are dead should be cut down.
* Tóm tắt cách dùng who ,whom , that , whose , which.

Từ đứng trớc Ngời Vật / sự vật
S : chủ ngữ Who ( that ) thay cho he , she , they Which thay cho It, they
O: Tân ngữ Whom thay cho him / her/ them (that) Which thay cho it, them(that)
Sở hữu Whose thay cho his / her / their Whose ( of which) thay cho its/
their.
Part 5: Mệnh đề sau wish.
Để diên tả 1 điều ớc / mong muốn ở hiện tại / ở tơng lai.
Form: S + wish/ wishes + S + be(were) / V (Ved, V2 ) will /can would / could
Eg: I am thin I wish I were big
He will not come to my party I wish he would come.
We cant speak E well We wish we could speak E well.
Part 6: Adj Adv .
1. Adj
* chỉ tính chất , đặc điểm ,tình trạng của chủ thể.
Form: S + be ( feel / make / look ) + Adj
Eg: She is beautiful. She look happy.
2. Adv
9 chỉ cách thức , tính chất , đặc đỉêm của hành động
Form: S + V + +Adv
Eg: She sings beautifully.
Part 7: Conjunctions.
1. and : và ( bổ sung thông tin ) Eg: I like chicken and fish.
2. but , however : nhng , tuy nhiên chỉ sự tơng phản
although , even though, though , in spite of, despite ( mặc dù )
Eg: She was tired , but she went to work.

Although she was tired , she went to work.
In spite of the fact that she was tired she went to work
3. or ( hoặc ) chỉ sự lựa chọn
Eg:Do you like fish or meat? I like fish.
4. Because = Since = As (vì ) chỉ nguyên nhân / lý do .
Eg: I work hard because I am afraid of failing the exam.
5. So = therefore : vì thế nên : chỉ hậu quả , kết quả
Eg: I am afraid of failing the exam so I work hard.
Part 8: Reported speech.
* Tờng thuật lại lời nói của ai đó theo ngôn ngữ của mình nhng ý của câu không thay đổi.
1. Imperatives ( câu ra lệnh / yêu cầu )
form: s + asked / told + O ( me, him, her, us ) + to-Vinf / not to Vinf
Eg: a/ She said : Open the windows, please.
She told me to open the window.
b/ She said Dont talk in class.
She asked us not to talk in class.
c/ Can ( could ) you turn on the radio , please? Said my mother.
My mother asked me to turn on the radio.
2. Statements.
Form: S + said ( that ) / said to / told + O + (that) + S + V lùi về quá khứ 1 thì
Eg: a/ He said : I will go to the movies.
He said that he would go to the movies.
He told me that he would go to the movies.
He told me that he would go to the movies.
b/ Lan said I am a student
Lan said that she was a student.
3. Yes / No qs ( có không )
S +asked + O + if / whether + S + V + O
Eg: a/ He said : Are you a student , Lan?
He asked Lan if she was a student.

b/ He said : Do you like fish , Lan ?
He asked Lan if (whether) she liked fish.
4. Wh- qs
form: S + asked + O + wh-S + V ( lùi về qk 1 thì )
Eg: a/ She said : What do you do,Nam ?
She asked Nam what he did.
Notes:
Khi V tờng thuật ở quá khứ ta đổi thì của V và các từ chỉ thời gian , nơi chốn nh sau:
1/ Thì
Direct speech Reported speech
1. HTĐ ( walk) QKĐ ( walked )
2. HTTD ( is walking ) QKTD ( was walking )
3. HTHT / QKĐ / QKHT QKHT (had + P2)
4. QKTD QKTD
5. Modal V
can / will / must could / would / had to
2/ Các từ chỉ thời gian / nơi chốn
today that day yesterday the day before tomorrow the next day
now then ago before next week the next week here there
this that these those.
Part 9: Used to V # Be used to _ Ving.
1. Used to + V (bare) thói quen đã từng làm gì đó ở qk mà hiện tại chấm dứt.
(-) didnt use to + V bare
(?) Did + S + use to + V bare ?
Eg: He used to smoke when he was young
I didnt use to eat vegetable.
2. (+) Be / get + used to + Ving / N Quen với việc làm gì / cái gì ( ở hiện tại , qk , TL)
(-) S + be/ get + not + used to + Ving / N
(?) Be ( get ) + S + used to + Ving / N ?
Eg: a/ Jack has lived in Vietnam for a year. He is used to the hot weather.

b/ He is used to eating Vietnamese food.
Part 10: Infinitive / Bare Infinitive / Ving.
Can/ could prefer / get / try love / like
May / might allow / permit enjoy
Have to/ ought to want / need dislike
Should + V( bare) ask / tell +To_V hate / start Ving
Must advise/ hope suggest
Make / help start / decide finish / mind
Used to would you like giới từ
Lets Its +adj on / in/ at / of / up
Fell refuse / start/ begin
Part 11: Making suggestion.
1. S + suggest ( chia ) + Ving I suggest walking to school.
2. S1 + suggest + (that) + S2 + should + V bare inf
Eg: I suggest that we should walk to school.
3.Lets / Shall we + V bare
4. Why dont we + V bare
5. What / How about + Ving ?
1. Tóm tắt câu chủ động- câu bị động-cách nhận biết
Thì Công thức-chủ động- > Câubịđộng(P2=V+ed/V3(bqt
)
Cách nhận biết(có các từ)
Hiện tại
đôn
S +V/ Vs / Ves +O ->
S+dont/doesnt+V+O
S +am/is/are+P2 +by + O
S+(am,is,are)+not+P2+by+O
Always,sometmes,often
usually,every,frequently

Hiện tại
tiếp diễn
S +am,is,are+Ving+O S+am,ia,are+being+P2+by+O Now,at the moment,at that
time,Look! Listen!
HT hoàn
Thành
S +have/has+P2 +O
S+have/has+not+P2+O
Have/Has+S+P2
S+have/has+been+P2 by+O
S+havent/hasnt+been+P2
Have/Has+S+been+P2 ?
Since,for,just,recently,
,already,ever,never,lately,
before
Quákhứ
đơn
S+Ved/V2(bqt) +O
S+didnt+V +O
Did+S+V +O ?
S+was/were+P2 +by+O
S+(wasnt/werent)+P2
Was/Were+S+P2 . ?
Yesterday,last,ago,in+năm
/tháng
Quá khứ
tiếp diễn
S+was/were+Ving+O
S+(was/were)not+ving
S+was/were+being+P2

S+wasnt/werent+being+P2
at+giờ(qk),when+s+v(qk)
while+s+v(qktd)
QK hoàn
thành
S+had+P2 +O
S+hadnt+P2 +O
S+had +been +P2 +by +O
S+hadnt+been+ P2 .
When+S+V(qk),before+V
(qk)/năm,after/until+Vqk
Tơng lai
đơn
S+will+V +O
S+will not+V +O
Will+S+V+ .O ?
S+wll+be+P2 + .by O
S+wont+be +P2 by +O
Will+S+be+P2 ?
Tomorrow,next, until
Sự việc sẽ sảy ra,không dự
định trớc lúc nói
Tơng lai
gần
S+am,is,are+going+to+
V
S+am,is,are+going to+be+P2 Tomorrow,next,(dự định
trớc lúc nói)
Khuyết
thiếu

S+V(kt)+V +O
S+KT+not+V+O
S+kt+be+P2 +by +O
S+kt+not+be+P2
can,may,must,should,will,
have to,has to
Câu cầu
khiến(nh
ờ ai làm
gì đó
S+have/has+SB+V+ST
had
will
S+have/has+ST+P2 (by sb)
have/has
had
will
Có thể dùng getthay cho
havehoặc gotthay cho
had
2.câu điều kiện
Loại Cách dùng Mệnh đề If Mệnh đề chính
1 Có thật ở hiện tại If+S+V(ht) S+will+V
S+modal(v)+V
Please+V
2 Không có thật ở hiện tại If+S+V(qk) S+would/could+V
3 Không có thật ở quá khứ If+had+P2+ S+would/could+have+P2
3.Mệnh đề sau WISH(Điều mơ ớc)->Khó thực hiện đợc
a.Tơng lai: S + wish/wishes + S +would + V .
b.Hiện tại: S + Vqk -> (Chú ý : be -> were tất cả các ngôi )

cQuá khứ : S +wish/wishes + S + had + P2 .
4. Used to + V(bare) Be/Get +used to+ Ving /N
didnt +use to +V be+not+used to+ Ving / N .
Did + use to +V ? Be + + used to + Ving / N ?
Thói quen ở quá khứ, hiện tại Sau một thời gian thì quen hoặc thích nghi với một điều
đã chấm dứt. gì đó
Eg. I used to smoke. I am used to smoking .
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