tóm tắt tiếng anh đảng bộ tỉnh nghệ an lãnh đạo thực hiện chính sách xã hội ở các huyện miền núi từ năm 2001 đến năm 2010

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INTRODUCTION
1. The necessity of thethesis
During the innovation period, the Communist Party of Vietnam regarded
social policy as a major part of the policy system of the Party and the State. It is
also a constituent of Vietnam’s socio-economic development strategy. It has
been promoted significantly the process of constructing and protecting the
nation. Continue to promote the achievements gain in implementing social
policy, Communist Party had lots of guidelines and specific policies in order to
address social issues in accordance with national practice before the new
requirements, thus contributing to the goal of a prosperous people, a strong
nation, democracy, justice, civilization socialist-oriented. Social policy is the
issue that the scientists are interested in researching, approaching in many
angles such as sociology, ethnography, etc
In the perception of Party History, however, rearching about social policy
is limited, especially researching in leadership of the local party. Thus, learning
about social policy implementation process at the local level to see the creative
application of the parties, and better contribute the leadership of the Party
about social policy in the innovation.
The highland districtsare located in the West of Nghe An Province is an
important strategic about socio - economic, defense - security, foreign policy
and the ecological environment of the province and the North Central regions.
This is the residence of many ethnic people with uneven qualified development.
Therfore, the Party and State had multiple policies and mobilize more resources
to develop socio-economic, bringing highland districts of Nghe An exit from
underdevelopment status.
With the attention of the Party and State, more than 25 years of national
renewal process ,the highland districts of Nghe An province has achieved
significant accomplishments, physical life and people spirit were improved.
However, the highland districts of Nghe An province is still a "poor
navel" of the province and the nation. The implementation of social policyis

still limited. Some prolonged weaknesses, slow recovery as employment issues
for employees in the process of international economic integration; not
sustainable poverty reduction, the percentage of poor households and poverty
remain high; education quality is uneven between urban and rural areas, have
not meet the development requirements yet; Vocational training still have many
inadequacies; health care system and health services for the mountainous
people are scarce; Economic development has not been well combinated to
solving social problems Meanwhile, the enemy forces are taking advantage
of the ethnic problems, distorting the guidelines and policies of the Party and
State Vietnam, propaganda, inciting fellow free migration, destabilize the
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political situation, social in some highland villages, border of Ky Son, Que
Phong, Xiangyang province, creating hotspots in mountainous areas of Nghe
An province. That affects the stability and development of the comprehensive
highland districts of Nghe An province in particular and in general. So, going
deep research the lines and policies of the Party for mountainous in general and
the process that the leadership of the Nghe An Party Committee in
implementing social policies in the highland districts from 2001 to 2010 in
particular, summed up the experience to perform better in the coming period is
essential.Therefore, Candidates chose research problems "The leadership of the
Nghe An Party Committee in implementing social policies in the highland
districts from 2001 to 2010"as doctoral thesis in history, specializing in History
of the Communist Party of Vietnam.
2. Research objectives and tasks
Purpose of research: clarifying the thesis process Nghe An Provincial
Party leaders implemented social policies in the mountainous districts, raises
major achievements, pointing out the limitations and draw some initial
leadership experience in implementing social policies in the mountainous
district from 2001 to 2010.
Research mission analysis system lines and policies of the Party and

State social policy in general and social policy towards the mountains in the
renovation period; Essential characteristics of natural, economic, social
mountainous areas of Nghe An impact on the process of implementation of
social policy in the area; clarify Nghe An Provincial Party to apply all policies
of the Party and State leaders to make some in the mountainous districts of the
province in 10 years (2001 to 2010); comment process performed SPB
leadership of Nghe An Provincial Party; which summarizes some experience
can apply to better implementation of Social Policy in the mountainous districts
of Nghe An province in the near future.
3. Objects and scope of research
Audience research: research thesis focused operations leader of Nghe An
Provincial Party on the implementation of social policy in the mountainous
districts of the province.
Scope of the Study
- Content of research: research thesis focused policy Nghe An Provincial
Party Committee, direct the course of a number of social policy in the
mountainous districts of the province such as poverty eradication policies and
poverty reduction , employment policy, education policy and education, and the
protection of people's health care.
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- Space: Research implementation of social policies in 10 districts and 1
town mountainous provinces of Nghe An (Tuong Duong, Que Phong, Ky Son,
Quy Chau, Quy Hop, Con Cuong, Tan Ky, Nghia Dan , Thanh Chuong, Anh
Son and Thai Hoa Town).
- On time: from 2001 to 2010, over 02 congresses of Nghe An Provincial
Party lock XV (2001-2005) and lock XVI (2006-2010).
4. Rationale, methodology and resources
Rationale: thesis based on a theoretical basis of Marxism - Leninism and
Ho Chi Minh and the Communist Party of Vietnam in terms of social policy.
Research Methodology: thesis mainly uses historical methods, logic

method. In addition, graduate students use some other methods such as
statistical methods, comparison, synthesis, survey
Source material: mainly documents of the Party Central Committee, the
text of the State, the resolution, the final report of the Party, the People's
Committee of Nghe An province and 11 districts mountainous communes,
survey data in some mountainous districts. A number of monographs, scientific
topics, research paper
5. Contribution of the thesis
- Clarifying the characteristics of socio-economic in highland
districtsthat has impacted on the process ofthe leadership of the Nghe An Party
Committee in implementing social policies.
- Analysis of the policy, the leadership of the Nghe An Party Committee
in implementing social policies in highland districts (2001-2010).
- Clarifying the roles of all levels of Nghe An province Party in
implementing some social policies in mountainous areas of the province.
- Affirm achievements and limitations in implementing social policy in
the highland districts of Nghe An Provincial Party from 2001 to 2010, then
summarized some practical experiences.
- Systematic of resources on social policy of Nghe An Provincial Party.
- The results of the thesis is a scientific basis for Nghe An Provincial
Party to have adjustments, supplement guidelines and implement solutions
more effectively in local social policy; contribute to summary the leadership of
the Party, and State for social policy in the renovation period.
6. Thesis’s structure: Besides the introduction, the overview of the
research situation, and conclusions, list of references and appendices, thesis
content including 3 chapters, and 7 sections.
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OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH SITUATION
1.1. The study of social policy in general
Social Policy work - some theoretical issues and practical, publisher of

social science, 1993 by Bui Dinh Thanh as Editor; Some issues of social policy
in our country today, the national political publication, H, 1993 author Hoang
Chi Bao; Social policy and innovation management mechanism
implementation, the National Political Publishing, 1996 by Tran Dinh Hoan as
Editor; Pham Xuan Nam author works Innovation social policy - Arguments
and solutions, the National Political Publishing, 1997; Author Louis Charles
Viossat and Bruno Palier with social policy and the process of globalization, the
National Political Publishing, 2003; Some basic issues of social policy in
Vietnam today, the publisher national politics, by Mai Ngoc Cuong as Editor;
Party leaders of the social policies implemented during the renovation of
Nguyen Thi Thanh, the National Political Publishing, 2011; Vietnam's
Communist Party leaders implemented social policy innovation in 25 years
(1986 to 2011) of Dinh Xuan Ly, publisher National University, 2011;
Scientific foundations for social policy adjustment to agricultural development,
rural Vietnam, Publisher of Social Sciences, 2001; Rural social policy: the
experience of the Federal Republic of Germany and practical Vietnam Mai
Ngoc Cuong made by editors, publishers, Political Theory, 2006; The work of
social development issues and social development management now apply for
Vietnam, the national political publication, 2012 by Hoang Chi Bao, Doan
Minh Huan as co-editor
In addition to these published works, a number of research doctoral thesis
on the social policies defended at the Institute of Politics - National
Administrative Ho Chi Minh as: doctoral thesis combines with party leaders
economic development with social policy implemented from 1991 to 2006,
2011 by Pham Duc Kien; Vietnam's Communist Party leaders implemented
social policies in the Central Highlands from 1996 to 2006 by Pham Van Ho,
2012.
The above discussion of the social policy in terms of both theoretical and
practical; Party leadership for social policy and implementation process in a
number of localities; position, the role of social policy in economic

development - social; the combined effects between economic policy and social
policy, between social policy with other policies in the comprehensive
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development of the country. These are the valuable reference for graduate
students in the process of completing the dissertation.
1.2. The study of social policy in the mountainous regions
Thesis classified monographs, journal articles by authors in the country
and abroad on economic development - social mountainous general and some
specific areas of social policy in mountain areas ethnic policy in particular as
alleviation of poverty; jobs; education and training and protection, health care; a
number of social policy in the region, specific local mountain: Highlands, North
West Development works as sustainable upland Vietnam: looking back 10
years and the problems posed , Agriculture Publishing House, 2002;
Sustainable development in ethnic minority and mountainous areas of Vietnam,
Publishers Ethnic Culture, 2007, by Phan Van Hung as Editor; Some issues of
poverty reduction among ethnic minorities in Vietnam, Publisher social
sciences, the authors of the 2003 Bui Minh Dao, Nguyen Van Minh, Huynh
Dinh Chien, Nguyen Van Tiep, Nguyen Van Thai Council
The work highlights the achievements, limitations on economic
development - social mountainous nation; opportunities, challenges and
propose some solutions in order to implement effective social policy on
mountain areas. The project is an important document to help graduate students
get an overview and comparison, compare to see specific, characteristic of each
region in the process of implementing social policies of the Communist Party of
Vietnam.
1.3. The research that is related to social policy in mountainous area of
Nghe An province
The ecosystem approach works humane and sustainable development of
mountainous southwest of the author Nghe An, Le Trong Cuc, Tran Duc Vien,
Agriculture Publishing House, 1997; Sustainable mountain development Nghe

An Agriculture Publisher 2002 is a collaboration between the People's
Committee of Nghe An and Research Center for Natural Resources and
Environment, National University of Hanoi; Poverty Assessment of community
participation in Nghe An, publisher Social Labor, 2003 by the Poverty Task
Force (PTF); Combining economic growth and solve social problems in rural
North Central in the process of industrialization and modernization of the
author Doan Minh Due and The Dinh Dinh, Nghe Publishing House, 2003; An
Art Book - World and new power in the twenty-first century, the National
Political Publishing, 2005.
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Many scientific topics, the journal article reflects on the implementation
of social policy in the mountainous districts of Nghe An: Thread scientific
research and develop solutions to overcome poverty model Khmu ethnic
poverty in Nghe An, Hoang Xuan Luong homeroom, 2004; Proceedings of
scientific conference solutions implement the scheme effectively Economic
Development - Social western Nghe An provincial People's Committee of Nghe
An, 2008; Proceedings of the Congress of Ethnic Minority First Nghe An, Nghe
Publishing House, 2009; Author Tran Van Hang with the article "An Art
focusing economic development - social improve peoples lives in the West",
Communist Review, No. 807, 2010; The "theory" poles of development "and
economic problems - society western Nghe An" Ho Thi Thanh Van, Journal of
Information Science - Technology Nghe An, No. 12, 2011; "Six training
solutions for Nghe An employee mountains" of Quang Hung, Journal of Labor
and Social Affairs, No. 288, 2006; co-author of the article, Nguyen Thi Huong
and Nguyen Thi Diep "Vocational training for workers in the districts of Nghe
An program 30a in integration period", Economic Journal Asia - Pacific , No.
316, 2010…
Many articles published in the Journal of Information Science -
Technology Nghe An: "The model supports economic development - social
Muong Ai Ky Son district," the still of the third floor, No. 1, 2010; "Some

results of the application of science - technology in ethnic minority and
mountainous areas of Nghe An on contemporary table", No. 2, 2010 by Nguyen
Quy Hieu; "The building application models and transfer of science and
technology for economic development - social and rural mountainous stage
2004 - 2010 in Nghe An," No. 6, 2010 by Tran Xuan Bi
Many master thesis has approached solving social policy on mountain
areas in Nghe An province field economics, sociology, protected at the National
Academy of Politics and Ho Chi Minh City.
Looking a whole, the research works on the under many perspectives,
commentary geared to issues of social policy, objects, tasks, views, guidelines
for social policy ; the implementation of specific social policies of the Party in
the reform era. The work has also clarified the relationship between social
policy with economic policy; approaches, including notable approach
sociological approach to the study of social policy It is well documented
successor to the author, under the thesis used in historical perspective Party
Communist Vietnam on a specific area - the mountainous district of Nghe An
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province. However, no scientific work in depth comprehensive research on the
process leading social policies implemented in the mountainous districts of
Nghe An Provincial Party from 2001 to 2010.
Chapter 1
THE POLICIES AND THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SOCIAL POLICY
IN HIGHLAND DISTRICTS OF NGHE AN PROVINCAL PARTY
COMMTTEE
(2001 – 2005)
1.1. The social policy conception and the factors affecting to the
implementation of social policy in the highland districts of Nghe An
province
1.1.1. The concept of social policy
On the basis of present some views on social policy, confirms the thesis:

social policy is a policy to regulate social relations, solve social problems are
posing to perform equal, equality, social progress and development of the whole
person; facilitating people have prosperous life, liberty, happiness, enjoy the best
achievements of the innovation country.
1.1.2. Natural characteristics, economic - social mountainous districts of
Nghe An impact implement social policies
* Natural features: Mountainous districts of 10 provinces of Nghe An and
1 town (Ky Son, Tuong Duong, Con Cuong, Anh Son, Thanh Chuong. Que
Phong, Quy Chau, Quy Hop, Tan Ky, Nghia Dan and marketing Thai Hoa
commune), with 217 commune-level administrative units; natural area of
13747.69 km2, accounting for 83.36% of the total natural area of the province.
In terms of administrative boundaries, north of Thanh Hoa Province; south of
Ha Tinh province; east 4 plain districts of the province; 3 provinces west by the
Republic of Lao People's Democratic with 419 km long border. Dissected
topography, forming many small areas, harsh climate. Nghe An province is No.
2 on the national forests. The mountainous district of Nghe An province is
strategically important political, economic, cultural, especially on defense -
security and foreign affairs of the Province and North Central regions.
* Economic characteristics – social: The mountainous district of Nghe An
province is still the most underdeveloped regions in the province and the
country and is facing many difficulties and challenges. The economic structure
transformation is slow, labor in agriculture and forestry accounted for 86.4%.
Culture, education, health, social many shortcomings and weaknesses, the high
rate of poor households; shifting cultivation, nomadic large; The illiteracy rate
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in a high number of ethnic groups, such as 43% among the Hmong, Khmu
ethnic groups is 32.01%.
Population, ethnic groups: more than 1 million people, accounting for one
third of the provincial population, in which about 41 thousand ethnic minority,
mainly living in the mountainous districts. This is also the land of diversity, rich

ethnic cultural nuances, which is the dominant Thai culture. However, besides
the good cultural values, in the life of ethnic minorities in mountainous districts
of Nghe An province survived a number of outdated customs. These are
obstacles in the process of implementing social policies in the mountainous
regions of the province.
1.1.3. Implementation of social policy in the mountainous district of
Nghe An province the early re-establishment (1991-2000) and the
requirements of economic development - economic development of the
province before the new millennium
From all policies of the Party and State reform era, Nghe An Provincial
Party leaders implemented social policies on mountainous districts in the first
10 years of re-establishment (1991-2000) achieved the remarkable results.
However, in a general way, the mountainous district is still underdeveloped
areas, people's life more difficult, needy, high rate of poor households.
Education and training are not required to keep up with new, low-quality
training. The staff and facility staff professional scientific - technical and
insufficient in number, and poor in professional capacity.
So, Provincial Party must require timely undertakings, in accordance with
the policies in the local mountains Nghe An; strengthen the guidance and
supervision of the implementation of social policies into practice mountainous
areas. Party government in the mountainous districts to creatively apply
guidelines and policies of the Party, State, Provincial Committee, Provincial
People's Committee on the specific conditions of the local general power to
mobilize of economic development, effectively solve social problems.
1.2. Nghe An Provincial Party has been applied the Party's policies
on social policy in the highland districts (2001-2005)
1.2.1. Party's policies on social policy in general mountainous areas,
mountainous province of Nghe An in particular
Thesis generalized views of the Communist Party of Vietnam in social
policy reform era (1986-2000). Starting from the situation of the country

entering the twenty-first century, Congress IX and the Central Conference of
the IXth have additional, more specific of the Party's policies on social policy
with the new content, claims the dialectical unity between social policy with
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economic policy; economic growth coupled with social justice and social
progress within each development step; close the gap regions, implementation
of social justice between peoples, between the mountains and the plains under
the motto "equality, solidarity, mutual support, help each other grow together".
From the general policy, the thesis clearly stated guidelines and policies of
the Party and State on the implementation of social policy in the mountainous
province of Nghe An province as Conclusion No. 20-KL/TW, dated 02/6 / 2003
of the Political Bureau of results after 2 years of implementing the Resolution
of the Ninth Party Congress and the Party Congress Resolution XV Nghe An
and some advocated economic development - social Nghe An By 2005 and
2010; 37-NQ/TW Resolution, dated 01/7/2004 of the Politburo on economic
development orientation - social security and defense midland and mountainous
regions to 2010; 39-NQ/TW Resolution dated 16.08.2004, on economic
development - social and ensuring national defense and security of North
Central region and Central Coast in 2010 and Decision No. 147/2005 / QD-
TTg, date 06.15.2005 Economic Development - Social western provinces of
Nghe An in 2010 with the goal of "Bringing Western Nghe An escape from
underdevelopment; physical life and spirit of ethnic minorities is enhanced,
particularly in ethnic minority areas, border areas; pushing back the social evils;
protection of national defense, border security and ecological sustainability”.
1.2.2. Advocates of Nghe An Provincial Party on Social Policy in the
mountainous districts (2001 - 2005)
From 2001 to 2005, the Party and government Nghe An province has many
documents guiding the implementation of social policy in the mountainous
districts such as Conclusion No. 13-KL/TU, on 12/12/2002 Results of the
implementation of Resolution 14-NQ/TU of Provincial Party Committee (XIII)

on economic development - social mountainous and ethnic oriented economic
development - linked to social security defense in the highland districts and
communes border; Conclusion No. 02-KL/TU Date 17/07/2001 Improving the
quality of education and training in mountainous areas and ethnic groups
associated with resource development and training of ethnic minorities;
Resolution on Strengthening 18-NQ/TU dated 15.01.2004, the political system
built facility ethnic minorities, the teacher; The scheme of the training and
retraining of staff communes, wards and townships focus is key officers and
staff of 10 mountainous communes in 2001-2005; Additional proposals,
amendments to a number of policies on ethnic minorities and mountainous
which emphasizes economic development combined with a good deal of care
for social policy through the integration of projects provincial and national
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programs; jobs for workers; improve the quality of education and training and
health care for people, training and retraining of staff for the mountainous
districts, primarily focusing on hunger eradication and poverty reduction,
remove the dilapidated, makeshift for the poor mountainous districts.
Along with the promulgation of the resolutions, own conclusions about the
mountainous, Nghe An Provincial Party Committee has issued several
resolutions and directives on specific areas of social policy such as alleviation
of poverty; remove dilapidated housing, temporary for the poor; professional
development training; improve the quality of education in mountainous areas
and ethnic groups associated with resource development and training of the
nation; consolidation and strengthening health mountainous districts.
1.3. The process of the leadership of the Nghe An Party Committee in
implementing social policies in the highland districts (2001 - 2005)
Thesis clarify and direct the implementation process SPB in the
mountainous districts of Nghe An Provincial Party Committee, and the writing
system of the steering committee of provincial departments, branches, district
committees, the rights mountainous districts implement social policies on

specific areas:
1.3.1. Make poverty, improve living standards for people in mountainous
districts. A highlight is the general health of the community in the direction to
clean their houses, temporary poor households in the mountainous districts. By
the end of 2005, 7/10 mountainous districts have basically eliminate dilapidated
houses, temporary; poverty rate decreased from 26.46% (2000) to 11% (2005).
However, the work of poverty alleviation unstable. Parts poor households and
poverty is even greater, especially in areas inhabited by ethnic minorities.
1.3.2. Step by step to create jobs for workers in the mountainous districts.
Implementing the policy of the Provincial Committee, Provincial People's
Committee issued Decision 4949/QD-UB.VX, dated 30/12/2005 on the
Development of Vocational Training for employees mountainous 2005-2010
Nghe An with mechanisms and policies to improve the quality of labor in the
mountainous districts, which focused on labor export - see here is the
breakthrough channel for job creation, poverty alleviation in the district in
mountain province.
1.3.3. Develop education and training, and their knowledge, staff
training for the mountainous districts. The provincial government and the
mountainous districts issued many decisions to improve the quality of education
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and training, which focus on solving the shortage of teachers in the high
mountain districts with incentives; simultaneous deployment training schemes,
training local staff for 10 mountainous districts. So the school system is
expanding; end of 2005, over mountainous areas of Nghe An essentially
complete elimination of bamboo classrooms; overcome the shortage of teachers
in the high mountains; Working nomination is enhanced; levels of education
and professional qualifications as well as political theory, state management of
the mountainous commune officials raised significantly. Number of staff with
university degrees and college from 4.23% to 8.85% and professional schools
from 8% to 53.3%; the level of political discourse bachelor, advanced from

0.74% to 1.2% and secondary political theory from 45.9% to 53.3%.
1.3.4. Protection, health care for people in mountainous districts. Enhance
training of specialized expertise in various forms, proposed mechanisms and
policies to attract medical personnel to work in the mountainous districts.
Medical Work in the mountainous districts have the obvious changes; basic
health network investment and evenly distributed to residential areas; the major
disease outbreak under control; the national health program activities effectively,
especially the proportion of children under 5 malnourished fell sharply, from
60% (2000) to 30.4% (in 2005), contributing to Nghe proportion of malnourished
children lowest in the country.
Brief Chapter’s summary: In 5 years (2001-2005), under the leadership
of the Party and the guidelines and policies of the State, Provincial Party
Committee and People's Committee of Nghe An province was particularly
interested in the mountainous districts Nghe An by issued many resolutions,
directives and decisions to lead and direct the departments, agencies and
mountainous districts implement social policies contribute to economic
development - local society table.
Many resolutions and directives of the Provincial Committee of solving
social problems is people in mountainous districts responded extensive and
effective implementation of the proactive way, creativity, overall strength
mobilized of the whole society, in accordance with the characteristics of each
region and area, as Resolution No. 10 on poverty reduction; Directive No. 21 to
remove dilapidated housing, temporary for the poor; Conclusion No. 02 on
improving the quality of education and training in mountainous areas and ethnic
groups associated with resource development and training of ethnic minorities;
Resolution No. 18 on the strengthening and building grassroots political system
ethnic minorities; Directive No. 17 on consolidation and strengthening health
This reflects the leadership of the Party Committee of Nghe An implementation
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of social policy in the mountainous district from 2001 to 2005 were derived

from practices of the local mountain to Nghe An Provincial Party policy and
propose appropriate measures.
Identify key issues to create a breakthrough in economic development - in
particular social and implementing social policies in particular in the area of the
mountainous district human resources. Party committee, the provincial
government, the mountainous district of Nghe An has many advocates, policy
priorities to mobilize, strengthen the staff, especially teachers and nurses, more
doctors working in mountainous districts to meet the learning needs and health
care for people in mountainous, ethnic, contributing to equality in education and
health care in the province.
In the process of leading social policies implemented in the mountainous
districts, implementing Party policies focus on hunger eradication and poverty
reduction. Nghe An Provincial Party Committee chose the delete key issues
dilapidated houses, temporary poor households, mainly in the mountainous
districts to deal with Directive No. 21, to mobilize the power of unions,
community, accordance with the aspirations of the people, therefore, only in 1
year was 84% deleted their houses, and temporary in the province. It is most
evidence for the Party's guidelines apply in directing the implementation of
social policy locally.
From directing the implementation process, awareness of resolving the
social policy of the Party committees, governments mountainous districts of
Nghe An has been a marked improvement in the overall economic development
- social local. Therefore, some mountainous districts of Nghe An province have
applied Party's policies, Provincial Committee a flexible way to bring back the
real results and effectiveness as soon Qishan County Commissioner issued a
resolution on hunger eradication poverty reduction to overcome the poverty rate
in the area; Thanh Chuong districts to mobilize the power of the community,
especially children living home, work outside the district to contribute to
building infrastructure, economic development, improving people's lives.
Despite the efforts of leaders implemented social policies in the

mountainous district, Nghe An Provincial Party but still faces many social
problems to be solved, such as higher poverty rates, lower educational quality ,
and the distance to the lowland districts, health care was inadequate, weak staff
expertise, indicators and proposed solutions are not consistent with reality
This requires the Party committees, governments and Nghe An provinces in
mountainous districts continued leadership and close guidance and more
13
effective to put the mountainous districts soon overcome underdevelopment,
towards sustainable development.
Chapter 2
THE LEADERSHIP OF NGHE AN PARTY COMMITTEE IN
IMPLEMENTING SOCIAL POLICIES IN THE HIGHLAND
DISTRICTSTO MEET THE REQUIREMENTS PROMOTING THE
INNOVATION OF THE NATION
(2006 - 2010)
2.1. The guidlines of Nghe An Provincial Party about social policy in
the highland districts in the new situation
2.1.1. Social Policy of the Party and State requirements before promoting
industrialization and modernization
On the basis of analyzing the impact of the global situation of the country,
continue to confirm the thesis of the Communist Party of Vietnam on social
policy in Congress, especially in solving social problems Assembly in
mountainous areas, ethnic minority. New in the text of the Party, State period
2006 - 2010 is more clearly defined position of social policy in the overall
economic development - economic development of the country, which was
concretized development of regions and localities, especially in mountain areas
and the role of social policy for the comprehensive development of the
mountainous nation. Since then, the party has properly handle the relationship
between economic policy with social policy in conditions of market economy in
the local mountains. At the same time, the Party and State policies have

mobilized resources to contribute to solving social problems and organize the
implementation of social policies with the ability of the participating
organizations, unions and every people on mountain areas. Implementation of
social policy in mountainous regions not only meaningful support, solving the
difficulties of the mountain people but also creating equal opportunity for
people to access developer resources and enjoyment services , social welfare.
2.1.2. New requirements and guidelines of Nghe An Provincial Party on
Social Policy in the mountainous district (2006-2010)
Thesis clarify the advantages and difficulties affecting the policy making
of Nghe An Provincial Party social policy hoitren mountainous areas. Congress
locked in Nghe An Provincial Party XVI (2006 - 2010), thoroughly understand
the Party's policies of economic development associated with better care for
social issues, implementation of social justice, wealth gap poverty between
regions. Maximum mobilization of resources for development investment,
investment priorities for exploiting the potential of the western provinces;
specific plans to take appropriate steps to implement the Decision No. 147 of
14
the Government Economic development - Social western provinces of Nghe An
in 2010.
Nghe An Provincial Party Committee has issued several resolutions,
directives, concluded that social policy leader in the mountainous districts as
06-NQ/TU 16/10/2006 Resolution on the implementation plan Decision 147 of
the Prime Minister on economic development - social western Nghe An in
2010; Conclusion No. 24-KL/TU to Accelerate, improve the efficiency of the
implementation of Decision 147 of the Prime Minister; Conclusion No. 10-
KL/TU Date 5/12/2006 Build system on the basis of political ethnic minorities;
Policy support schemes specifically aimed at implementing economic
alleviation of poverty and eventually eradicate shifting cultivation, nomadic
freedom of Mongolia (dated 7/10/2008); Conclusion dated 03.13.2009 No. 20-
KL/TU to implement effective programs and sustainable poverty reduction in

Ky Son district 3, Tuong Duong, Que Phong and continue to target Congress
Resolution Party XVI set; 02-DA/TU number of projects Training and
retraining of ethnic minority cadres, female cadres and local officials,
promising young officers; Resolution No 08-NQ/TU Improving the quality of
health care and health care to the people in 2010 and the next year
Thus, in the years 2006-2010, Nghe An Provincial Party Committee has
issued several resolutions, directives, conclusions leaders to strengthen social
policies for the mountainous districts; especially direct the implementation of
Decision 147 of the Prime phu.Tiep continuous investment perspective to the
mountainous district, provincial steering committees focused comprehensive
development for the poor mountainous districts, and interested to the ethnic
Mong, Đan Lai, Ơ Đu umbrellas by the project, the specific program.
2.2. Nghe An Party Committee in implementing social policies in the
highland districts(2006 - 2010)
Grasping the resolutions of the Provincial Committee, implementation of
the decision of the Prime Minister on economic development - society western
Nghe An, Nghe An provincial People's Committee issued Decision No.
436/QD-UBND on 03/02 / 2006 dated 5/10/2006 309/2006/KH-UBND-TH
Plan with 22 projects, development projects in the mountainous areas of many
areas of the departments associated with the solution synchronization. In
particular, the focus of economic development priority attached to addressing
social issues.
With the close guidance, the People's Council, People's Committee and
other departments and agencies of Nghe An integrated active steering,
coordination of projects and programs of economic development - social
15
mountain areas, organizing and directing the implementation of social policies
effective on the following key aspects:
2.2.1. Promote hunger eradication and poverty reduction in a sustainable
way in the mountainous districts. Focus steering finish removing dilapidated

houses, temporary for the poor; implementing effective alleviation of poverty in
three mountainous districts with Decision 30a; implementation of social
policies for ethnic minorities, such as navigation, Mongolia, umbrellas The
alleviation of poverty is to attract the participation of political institutions -
social, unions and the will of the poor escape poverty with more movement,
model reduction effective poverty, contribute to reduce the poverty rate from
37.35% (2006) to 25% ( 2010), reaching its objectives. However, the number of
poor households in the high mountainous districts even more, not yet
implemented support for the protection of productive land under the program
implementation plan 134
2.2.2. Improving the quality of labor, contributing to job creation in the
mountainous districts. Implementation of the resolutions of the Provincial
Committee of the jobs program for 2006-2010, the provincial People's
Committee has issued a number of resolutions and decisions, mechanisms and
policies to attract jobs, focusing on building vocational training centers in the
mountainous districts; expanding the types of training Compared to the
period 2001 - 2005, the number of workers employed in agriculture and forestry
decreased by 25.2% (61.19% left), the number of employees in the industry
construction increased 14.45% (reaching 19.05%) and services sector increased
10.76% (19.76% achieved); create new jobs for approximately 30,400
employees, the average per year over 6000 employees. The proportion of
trained workers increased from 13% to 23%, in which workers are trained from
6.38% to 15%, an increase of 2.5 times compared with 2005. However, the
number of employees vocational training in the mountainous districts was low,
only 15%; quality training, especially short-term vocational training, vocational
training establishments in the non-public limited and can not meet the
requirements of the labor market.
2.2.3. Focus investment in education and training, building staff
development to meet the requirements of the mountainous districts.
Implementing Resolution No. 04 of the Provincial Committee on Development

Program Human Resources 2006-2010, People's Committee issued Decision
No. 3524/QD-UBND.VX, 12 / / 9/2007 on the consolidation of schools and
16
classrooms, building housing for teachers, improving the quality of early
childhood education and general education Western Nghe An for 2007-2015
Nghe An province is one of the earliest plans for building a learning
society, thus arousing the spirit of learning of all people, equality of learning
opportunities and social policies in education education, especially in the
mountainous districts. Many private schools, private shows built their hands
together of organizations, businesses and people in the education and training of
children mountainous nation.
The training and retraining, staff rotation basis focused. Training of project
implementation, staff training establishments Western Nghe An for 2008-2010
(dated 1/8/2008) effectively contribute to improving the professional, educated
staff , especially the grassroots cadres deep, remote and ethnic minority areas.
2.2.4. Strengthening protection, health care for people in mountainous
districts. Provincial People's Committee has issued many decisions, typical
3413/QD-UBND-VX 31/8/2007 Decision on Health Network Development
Western Nghe An area in 2010 with the policy of smoking, support for health
workers, strengthening team of doctors, clinics, building up to national
standards for health Therefore, infrastructure and medical equipment in
mountainous areas of Nghe An has gradually been expanded and renovated
spacious, better equipped, contributing to improving the quality of healthcare
for people . The percentage of national social standards of health by 5 times
compared with 2005, reaching 63.42%, exceeding the target set; team doctor
promptly supplement and enhance physician ratio from 2.3 / lakh population
(2005) increased 4 doctor / ten thousand people; increase the percentage of
clinics have doctors 2.4 times compared to 2005, contributing to improving the
quality of healthcare at the grassroots level. However, the standard rate of
national social health and number of beds / thousand people on low mountain

areas, especially in the high mountainous districts.
Brief Chapter’s summary: In 5 years (2006-2010), sticking to the policy
of the Party and State on the implementation of social policies hoitren
mountainous areas, the Party, the government and the mountainous province of
Nghe An leadership, directing the implementation of effective policies
eliminate hunger, reduce poverty, create jobs for workers, improving the quality
of education - training, strengthening and protecting health care workers
population.
17
From the state of implementation of social policy in the mountainous
district, Nghe An Provincial Party leaders close in time and undertakings set out
to solve many difficulties and shortcomings. At the same time, interest in
directing the poor districts, there are guidelines and specific policies for ethnic
minorities difficulties (Mong, O Du, Dan Lai). From the general policy of the
Central Government on hunger eradication and poverty reduction, Nghe An
Provincial Party creatively applied, subject to the policy of social support for
the poor have poverty rates over 25% outside Decision 30a. Therefore,
extended object provincial investment contributed to rapid social completing
the hunger eradication and poverty reduction.
Many issues need to be resolved for the poor, Party, Nghe An provincial
government has focused leadership, focused direction, need immediate
assistance deleted dilapidated houses, temporary for the poor to people stable
life and decision to finish before 09/02/2007. Demonstrate the leadership of the
executive committee, the provincial government and the mountainous districts
have closely the actual situation of local mountainous districts, advocates
accord with the aspirations of the masses. With determination on, until 2010,
Nghe An Province is one of complete deletion of temporary houses for the poor
under Resolution No. 37 of the Politburo.
New in the leadership of the Party, Nghe An provincial government has
mobilized the synergy, the general strength of political institutions - social

business in social work education and training create, step by step improve
facilities, increase the percentage of schools meeting national standards in
mountainous areas. System in private schools and vocational secondary schools
are established and expanding, contributing to improving the quality of human
resources in the mountainous district of Nghe An province.
With Resolution No. 08 on health, Nghe An Provincial Party Committee
has strengthened the leadership for the protection of health care workers and
people in mountainous districts, focused on improving the quality of staff, staff
medical doctors to strengthen district, commune, infrastructure investment for
health centers, therefore, the rate of communes, wards and towns meet national
standards for health, the rate of CHCs have Doctors are exceeding targets,
exceeding the average rate of the northern mountainous provinces, significantly
contribute to the human development index (HDI).
The direction of all levels and sectors for the implementation of social
policies on mountain areas more comprehensively and more effectively,
contributing to local development requirements of the business before
promoting industrialization, modernize the country and homeland.
18
Chapter 3
GENERAL COMMENTS AND SOME EXPERIENCES
3.1. General comments on the implementation of social policy in
highland districts of Nghe An Provincial Party (2001 - 2010)
3.1.1. Basic Achievement
In 10 years (2001-2010) led social policies implemented in the
mountainous district, Nghe An Provincial Party gained remarkable
achievements.
One is, uniformly high in awareness of the importance, content,
implementation of the principles of social policy in the mountainous district of
Nghe An province
From the practical implementation of policy leadership in the social

mountainous districts, Nghe An Provincial Party has increasingly clearer
awareness of the position and the important role of social policy in the process
of economic development - social issues that are of strategic significance in the
construction and home protection reform era.
Through advocacy, education and creating general awareness, consensus in
the Party and society, bringing to life the policy; entire population launching
arouse the spirit of overcoming conservative, stagnant, narrow-minded,
dependence, decision taken mountainous provinces of Nghe An escape from
underdevelopment, limited distance between mountain and on lowland areas -
economic society.
Leaders implement social policy in mountainous, Nghe An Provincial
Party has renewed awareness of the implementation of the principle of equality
between the regions and the nation. It simply is not fair equality of income
distribution, economic benefits, but also fair and equal opportunity to develop
economic, cultural, educational, health care for individuals, community,
opportunities for mountain people equality in social consumer products.
Implementation of social policy in the mountainous districts of Nghe An is not
only help bring that subsidized domestic resources to promote each locality.
The help for the mountain means to facilitate greater access to resources,
developing internal resources available, ensuring sustainable development,
creating conditions for people in mountainous districts done right equality of
opportunity and enjoyment development services, social welfare.
Second, the process leading social policies implemented in the
mountainous district, Nghe An Provincial Party has achieved some concrete
results:
19
The leaders implemented social policies of the Party Committee of Nghe
An province in the mountainous districts have created equal opportunities for
people to access developer resources and enjoyment services, social welfare on
the field : poverty reduction; jobs; education - training and protection of

people's health care.
The initial success achieved in the process of implementing social policies
in the mountainous districts to fully grasp and manipulate the fit characteristics
and situation of the mountainous areas of Nghe An Provincial Party 2001 -2010
has contributed to raising living standards and morale of ethnic minorities.
Rural areas, especially mountainous regions inhabited by the ethnic minorities
are renewed each day. That is the test of the correctness of social policy in
practice, and affirms the efforts and proper orientation of the Party and State in
sustainable mountain development.
* The cause of the achievements
- Party and State of Vietnam was aware of the role and importance of
social policy in the area are generally mountainous and mountainous districts in
Nghe An province, in particular the industrialization, modernization water.
Government planned economic development - social western Nghe An province
with orientation, a clear mission.
- Party authorities and Nghe An provinces, especially committees,
government mountainous districts of the province are thoroughly consistent,
flexible application guidelines and policies of the Party and State policies in a
new social situation, in accordance with local practice. Some committees,
governments in the mountainous district of Nghe An province also has a policy
early in directing the implementation of social policy in advance of the situation
requires specific, it reflects the creativity and initiative of lower levels of
general policy, and at the same time show the correctness of the general policy
is to realize in practice.
- The consensus of the political system, companies, international
organizations and the people in the implementation of social policies. The close
coordination and synchronization in the political system from provincial to
grassroots has made clear consensus among the leadership and direction of the
party committees with management role and implementation of the authorities,
social organizations at all levels, resulting in a profound shift in perception as

well as in the implementation of social policies in each locality.
20
- With the unanimous support of the people of the mountainous district of
Nghe An province, especially ethnic minorities in the process of
implementation of programs and projects of the State Party and social policy in
the area. People are not only beneficiaries of the fruits of social policy by the
State "subsidy", which is the subject of the process of implementing social
policies with the active role, positive. This is one important reason for the
effective implementation of social policy in the mountainous districts.
3.1.2. A limited number
One is, in leading social policies implemented in the mountainous districts
of Nghe An Provincial Party Committee, a number of social policy issues have
not been implemented in accordance with the province's mountainous regions;
also spread investment, lack of focus, not yet identified any areas need major
investment to create the stimulus point, a "positive development" for the
province's mountainous region; not effectively promote good inter-mountainous
region between localities in the province, neighboring provinces in
implementing social policies; a number of committees, local administrations
and industry awareness and not properly understood the links the economic
development - social defense and security to solve social problems seamlessly.
Activities of the Steering Committee are not program at all levels. The
propaganda and dissemination of policies, guidelines implementing the policies
of the local grassroots level is weak and not really focused.
Second, in directing the implementation of social policy, and some exist on
the specific areas:
The number of poor households in the mountainous districts of the country
compared to other provinces and higher; reduce the level of poverty in a region,
a district uneven. Some social policies are summarized delay, modify,
supplement or other policy applies principles, not promote all the positive
meaning of the policy, but also create moral hazard, expectations people of the

State policy.
Labor also working mainly in the agricultural sector (accounting for
61.19%). Employment policies are mainly focused on creating new jobs by the
width, less attention to quality jobs. The proportion of trained workers, low
skilled workers in the labor structure.
Quality education - training low, failing to meet the training requirements
of human resources for economic development - social mountainous areas. The
system centers and treatment delayed development, concentrated in the low
mountains in the high country is still insufficient. Regarding training, staff
21
training, quality training of staff is limited, especially for those kind of selection
and non-formal training.
The inspection and supervision of the implementation of social policy at
the local level has not been given due attention. Not as well the review, learn
from experience and develop models for replication point. The direction is not
regular, not depth basis.
* The cause of the limitations
- The starting point of the mountainous district of Nghe An province lower
than the general level of development of the province.
- Awareness of cadres, party members and civil servants at all levels and
sectors of social policy and social policy of the Party and State incomplete. The
process of leadership and direction at times lack of testing, positive urge, should
be the resolution, not the program come to life, the actual efficiency is not high.
- A majority of people in mountainous, ethnic minorities, including
officials also expect thought, rely on the support of the State, the province's
help, awareness is not high rise.
- Qualifications and responsibilities of a department officials also did not
meet the mission requirements have directly affected the effectiveness of social
policies on mountain areas.
3.2. Some experiences

3.2.1. Awareness in place of social policy in the process of building and
developing the mountainous district of Nghe An province in particular and
the country in general
Practical implementation of the Party's social policy in Nghe An province
in the years 2001 - 2010 showed that awareness of the role and position of
social policy of the Party, State officials, party members and ethnic minorities is
a leading factor in the decision effectively implement the Party's policy on
social mountainous areas.
Awareness of the position and role of social policy in the mountainous
areas of Nghe An province, is making people understand the concern of the
Party, the State and the province, Vietnam clearly see the superiority of the road
policies. Moreover, to make people see the mountainous districts of their
responsibilities in the implementation of social policy in the area, avoid relying
on others, rely on the aid of the Central Government and all levels. At the same
time, to do for all members of the community understand the importance and
22
necessity of social policies for full development of mountainous areas.
Investment priority in developing nations and mountainous regions, as well as
the priority, the necessary incentives for ethnic minorities requires l is a natural
- inevitable, creating conditions and opportunities for co- ethnic minorities in
mountainous areas ltren beneficiaries justice, equality and progress to self-
development in the overall development of the province.
3.2.2. Proactive, creative leadership implementing the policies of the
Party and State social policies consistent with practices in mountainous
districts
Stemming from the practical situation of the mountainous district, Nghe
An Provincial Party has defined the orientation of the development regions. At
the same time, focus resources to invest in the development of mountainous
districts, especially in the high mountainous districts in the implementation of
social policies. Contents of provincial Party leadership does not stop at

identifying thoughts, views and the issues that have particular chemical, using a
proactive, creative resolution of the central objectives, tasks, large measure of
local police with the actual situation of the mountainous districts of the
province. At the same time, the provincial Party also issued a number of
mechanisms and policies to facilitate the mountainous districts developing
internal resources, to mobilize resources for the implementation of social
policies.
Since the policy of the Provincial Party Committee, Party mountainous
districts actively promulgate resolutions to implement the policy leaders of
local society effectively.
3.2.3. Leaders implement social policies in interactive relationship
between economic - social - political - defense, security guarantees stability
and sustainable development in mountainous districts
In the process of leadership, Nghe An Provincial Party grasp unified view
of social policy with economic policy, and the ability to see the level of
economic development is a condition for the implementation of social policies,
implementation good social policy is an important driving force to promote
economic development. At the same time, with the hedge position of the
province, bordering the Republic of Lao People's Democratic leaders
implemented social policies in the mountainous district of Nghe An province is
also the leader perform security tasks defense, border protection sovereign
territory, taking care to promote the solidarity of ethnic minority border areas.
Combating the ethnic division of the hostile forces, requiring the Party to
23
recognize social issues tied to the political situation, related to the existence and
stability of the country. Political stability is the foundation for Nghe An
Provincial Party leaders implemented social policies on mountain areas.
3.2.4. Promoting the strength of the political system associated with
socialization in implementing social policies in the mountainous districts
Mobilizing the synergy of the political system, close coordination between

agencies, local agencies in implementing social policies of the Party in the
mountainous district of Nghe An province is an objective requirement, there
significance, a great influence on implementing effective social policy.
Leadership Practices for Social Policy of the Party from 2001 to 2010, Nghe An
Provincial Party has always attached great importance, attention and guidance
to promote synergy of political systems and the coordination between agencies,
departments of the provinces in implementing social policies.
Focus motto socialization in implementing social policy, "State and people
working together" to effectively use the resources of the State, the assistance of
international organizations and mobilize community resources to better meet
the needs of economic development - social. At the same time, promoting the
role of the unions and mass organizations in the implementation of the Party's
social policy. Socialization is also developing internal resources are themselves
the enjoyment of social policy, evoked potentials of individuals, strive with the
support of the community in the process of implementing social policies
associations, especially policies on hunger eradication, poverty reduction,
education - training, health care.
3.2.5. Building staff on mountainous districts to ensure effective
implementation of social policy
Reality shows in Nghe An province, when, where staff are concerned
grassroots level, taking care to build, consolidate and where there is effective
implementation of social policies are achieving good results, policies to be with
people. Cadres, party members do good propaganda, advocacy organizations as
well the organization of movement, action will directly contribute to improve
the living standards of the people, especially copper ethnic minorities.
Brief Chapter’s summary: In the years 2001 - 2010, under the
leadership of the Party Committee of Nghe An, implement social policies of the
Party has achieved many significant accomplishments. Awareness of the
peoples of the mountainous district guidelines and policies of the Party and
State are significantly improved, creating consensus among the people;

economic - social development, hunger eradication and poverty reduction to
achieve positive change; education and training to achieve remarkable results
24
shrugged; health system improvement, medical staff, doctors increased both in
quantity and quality, contributing to enhance the protection and health care for
people in mountainous districts; political system is built, strengthened; defense
and security is maintained and enhanced.
Besides the results achieved during the Nghe An provincial Party leaders
implemented social policies in the mountainous districts are still some
limitations. On that basis, the Party aware of the cause of objective and
subjective achievements and limitations, and draw initial experiences as a basis
for Nghe An Provincial Party leaders continued effective effective social
policies in the future.
Practices which are helping the Nghe An Provincial Party continues to
exercise quality, staff capacity, members, strengthen the construction of party
organizations at all levels, enhance leadership capacity and combativeness Party
organizations and cadres, party members.
These positive changes in the mountainous district of Nghe An province
confirmed leadership capacity and implementing social policies of the
Provincial Party for 10 years (2001-2010), is the foundation for provincial Party
An technologies continue to develop and strive to build Nghe An province
became quite in the country.
CONCLUSION
1. The Social Policy is an component of policy system of the Party and
State of Vietnam, and plays an increasingly important role in social life. During
the renovation period, the party is not only properly awareness of the
importance of the social policy, but also clearly confirms the dialectical unity
between the social policy and economic policy; implement progress, social
justice at every step and every development policy, well perform social policy
on the basis of economic development, associated with rights and obligations,

dedication and enjoyment, create strong motivation and sustainable for socio-
economic development.
Implementing the social policy in the mountainous areas, and ethnic
groups not only aims at bringing mountainous areas keep up with the plains, but
also to ensure real equality in the Constitution, the law and in reality, most
important are equal development opportunities, equal access to resources and
25
enjoyment of social welfare, guarantee to bring the mountainous region towards
sustainable growth. Hence, implementing social policy in ethnic, mountainous
area is a issue that has significant long-term strategy, and is urgency in the new
situation.
With the importance of socialism in the mountain areas, the Party and
State has issued lots of Resolutions and mountainous regions develpoment
policies, including the highland districts of Nghe An province. In order to bring
the highland districts in particular and Nge An province in general
comprehensively develop, as an economic – cultural center of the North Central
region, Politburo has been continuing to issue Resolution No.26-NQ/TW dated
07.30.2013 to mobilize resources bringing Nghe An province exit the poverty.
2. The highland districts of Nghe An province have an important role in
socio- economic development of the province in particular and the North
Central region in general. With complicated and dangerous geography, where
has many ethnic minorities live. In the years 2001 - 2010, Nghe An Provincial
Party has concerned, chose the breakthrough apexes, adjusted in the leadership
and directed the authorities and industry, implementing the social policy.
Upholding the patriotic tradition, diligence, creativity, self-reliance, incessantly
striving to overcome difficulties and challenges of the mountainous people,
implementing social policy in the highland districts have achieved many
important accomplishments, worthily contributed to the overall achievements of
the province’s innovation.
The thesis has selected two steps to reflect the process of implementing

social policy: Phase 1 (2001-2005), the content of the social policy is to focus
on all resources to solve the problems in highland districts, to develop
economic step by step for poverty reduction, improve education and training
quality, build teaching staffs, medical staffs, local officials to the highland
districts of the province. Phase 2 (2006 - 2010), Social policy is increasingly