thực trạng điều kiện vệ sinh và hoạt động y tế trường học tại một số trường tiểu học, trung học cơ sở, tỉnh hà nam năm 2013

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
 !
" #$%&'()*+,-. /+,-#&
0"0"012 0345678
9#7:*7;< -=> <9=8
7;<;?89==8@AB4
CD7. (E?28FGH
D 2 03+,-4G?/I?J =9
KL4MMM=8-7$87G!N O=9
PQR!KMR;2@B-S=:0!N
8D /T;2- 4U=
8D8V/7 ;"
8&$=W/?:E=T*04U/9=8X:
&$=0D= 0 D=&1;Y(?$7
2/4I!TN0-G97=8X-0Z;[
+E/=7#:T444U'NGS0$7=\"\
>E**S=*(]ZOS0N
=4^&/ D=8&$N=8_E*='
N$0N\318&$X\
$$3262/S#0N8@PLB4I&/?
. (E?289$ -$3
==8'$7=\;?N?=E?`
;2- 4
a7;<aEJ!7;<;?(Z
EbacU=TcU\c5dce0-f4U=>. aECT
$0,2 03$7=\7;<bg7;<7
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03f4h7=\'?$7;<=7? D$E=9 -
72 +,-4U=0Y!N1D7iN
=8j-iN0,+70Y. 8 - <9

='?$(E?2;2@PLB4
 56;k&/0"8>%01
2 0% 4CD7/N=7=8l`Z#"
.(&$45#!7(-/N=`N"1
0E (E10"?7;<. G
0E (E;N:*&=N(Y$T#0-444C7
.Z#9=90,;l0N=#8$3
E %. -(?&80&%+#&Y
m-444k!0"??=80E (E0,E
*D!8@PLB4
G?/ -903/0"'=#0"?
?=8#0-/N=8#nGJ 4I&/
%DN90" 
 !
"#$%&'()*+!7 <9o
1- Đánh giá thực trạng điều kiện vệ sinh trường học v vệ sinh lớp học
tại một số trường Tiểu học v Trung học cơ sở, tỉnh H Nam năm 2013.
2- Mô tả thực trạng nhân lực, trang thiết bị v các hoạt động y tế trường học
tại một số trường Tiểu học v Trung học cơ sở, tỉnh H Nam năm 2013.
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
 !"#$%
=8(Z ?=8/N=8@B4
),),),-
1.1.1.1. Khái niệm về vệ sinh trường học.
bI?=8FIUGH -p'-/9/8
;'$`970-7/N D=F'9+,-H
9=#7.:\8=9:*0(79
q?FIH'?7(?$7$;'$`V (E?

DO2FrHG4f@B4
1.1.1.2. Yêu cầu về tiêu chuẩn vệ sinh trong trường học
Us/N0YPPtPMMMtsacjiU/u7A. PMMM
j-=*j-iNs/N0YKvKKtPMMPtsacjiU/M7M.
PMMPj-=*j-iN/0Y"? D=FI5UH=
=8o
IY=T+2/;'=8@Bo
U=8$E01+2/;'*3;20Y=70-
;KR0\;[7!7 7/9p?E;#/8&$4
j7T$<<=k/$8oD7MMM w
0!8\8D7QMM w0!8=8
:*D7KMMM w0!8=8$SD4x9
0! "%E7O0N=D7PMMM w0
!8U\8FUGHD7KMMM w0!8U=
8:*FUGCH4
A
U=830E (E0\G08D07=<0
D! &0-+-#D$E00`6-D
4U=806Y=T8UGUGC*DD0(-
O0N=D 7PM$%GU=8$SD0(V
+0#$D 7AQ$%F=(OKM$%0NKQ$%H@B4
U=8V +7:*+/9NZ67
0-# 7/+T?$1(N+(??:*.D
%3 4U9q"E7I:*E+D
[ #$E7=8\MMM #$E7
\QMM w#(\$E7MM w4
c^?T=o
^?T+2/;'=801T7;'G=
0E (E;?T=( -GD;!L
P

F0!
$HD;!M
P
F0!DD "%H
3 y$8o0N(3UGCUGz(0N
(3U=8$SDFUGhUH4
crD9=o
rD9=$E=(E?F+2/6
=2/+H\Q w4
c56(V=01('To'
=Z2/+'2:(,&$'+2/;'7D=4
^?T=( -8F
P
H01T(V/S;?
T=8S84JN=8/S
;?T818":07!/
0Y4JN;?T=(tG0#=9M
P
F0!=*kD
D "%H=9L
P
F0!=*$H0#/93?4
Q
U{?;?T2:(,&$FRH(VS;?T2:(,&$
S;?T=02!MM4^?T0\ 2:
(,&$|N OAMR0NQMR0#9q?4
U{?;?T$+FRH(VS;?T$+S;?
T=4^?T0\=Z2/+OPMR0NAMR0#9q?4
^?T0\+2/;'7#D=N OPMR0NKMR0#
9q?4

2=$E(V$}=-=,=,7!D(Y
3/-08!= 42017(V#7+ .6
(V0?64
ca!?$!o
J! -$3D\N0!03
4I&/!$E0E (E/93o0#4
J!#*==8;k0\F!TH0\=~I
=:6(S0-&$\;<4
•C$!#0\] =~o
C\~;<! 7/6!N4JN;k! 7/ y
`PMMG= y84JN;k!NOA0NLT
-G= y84
•C$!o
C0!#0,010D6!80\G=
8#=4
I" kWo0E (E(2 yG y8MKT4
I" k0Do0E (E(2 yG y8MT4
C.$<<!W!E7$E0E (E1?
4
L
€C1!
J!;k0\.#$E0E (E>/9302/o
•J!$ETE $E=D D
kDY06(?0\2/E 7Y~;<4
•J!$E$378D0-#:\
D70-2/$+#444JN$E
* 9qZ0-!#$w$/0YJ!c
j-iN4
•J!D7#q=2/(?7#
=k7#&7$E0E (E" 6;Y[84

C7/93?1!!#01/
0Y<\=7/qj-iNos/qd&"
!.FsCIJMoPMM•tjiUHs/qd&"
!799!0FsCIJLcoPMMtjiUH4
ca!?7!oJ=$E?=,
T0\;l7! !EO=?4
cr?
‚>:0"?F$Y+,Y=|H+2/;'
9'#6(7'#`!=~/+$`0?
4‚7k.~;<9.1$?4
x9k2k+\;k9DEN4
19(2OMM0NPMMG= y8 -
9F =9>=979=98=9H@APB4
G\oj2= y80E (EQMG - w"
;\@KuB4
cU +~=7
x7E==/D"=70-#3D
/N/#72/%'\7 E{]w$
0074C37;<G +~=70%/0Y4
v
‚7$Y+,Y==8$Ek=74
G/ =7O7!$8 =7 I45y!$8
$` ?$E8=74
1.1.1.3. Yêu cầu về tiêu chuẩn vệ sinh lớp học.
Us/N0YPPtPMMMtsacjiU/u7A. PMMM
j-=*j-iN/0Y"?=84
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;7~S>&D9+2/~SD/D
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5:!$8E*!0-N7=!$
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Thông khí lớp học [43].
5D=DT=!$8E*!{?(?&
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Vi khí hậu trong lớp học
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J?0-DT=!$80#9q?OPP
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=. =/N!/77`
!$8(7`2/#4C~SX0 -
=`==8oNN~S;7~S!/7706
0\ 0-#T~S =3 N
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Hệ số ánh sáng {?S;?T~S!;?T!$84
US;?T~S!!$801N74i93
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98S;?T!$8D\;?T~=
=O(!$3=. ;?T~SNF=OMR;?T~SN
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Hệ số chiếu sáng tự nhiên: ?N7'9{?$3=.
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=010k -0\ =9= - 6$}D

4a2/n06=N7'94J7S0YT
/0SNT&=. 0\ =/4J7
7n$E7?ES1$?SN7'
9=!$84
Hệ số chiều sâu {?"#=9~S!"2
!$84C"#=9~S7702:
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74
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72#4
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ca"?"(E=!$8
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1.1.2.1. Khái niệm y tế trường học
C!/7? "/N=8FiUUGH="0Yp
=7?7o
U=9N!I?J ="987"iUUG4U#
I?J 7&>01~;</N=8/N80
IUG80=8=82
@B@QB@KB@MB@PB@KQB@AAB@AuB4
U…GƒbiUUG/U=82=8
=0E? 0">#0-y=1 N%
0q/;?E 89=-0Z=O
E +,-\0N70"0#0f@KB@AB4
U>?7iUUG>0Ypo
biUUG?7$:$7$(?$7$?$V (E?
28(N7N87d.
'= 8#0-S80f@B4
biUUG -p'-/9/8;'$`?
<970-7/N D=8&$!:\8
+2/;'=\7(?$7$?$V . (E?
2G#0"?7 $7=\;?
"E\3f@APB4
iUUG -(-$&/N >06k
=9oS/N. G-?7;<0
#06(?%0NSG$SD= l74iUUG
-"0`>d.S1$"/9 D=3N

'$7=\2 (G4
A
IN\/=ViUUG0 -=`N=83
&$='?D7/N=7=8$7=\
:*/N=7=8=E!(=T03/02.
'/9 D7(-/N=7=8E?0"?
I5U8&$0Z(E0E :(EZ'7#0-/N
=7=84
1.1.2.2. Nội dung hoạt động y tế trường học@AKB
€r\ =7 77/N D==8o
c‡2/;'(9q/q"IUG
cr\ =7 7?'?7/93IUG(Z o
•s/#NN+2/;'=8
•‡2/;'~;<(EE7D=I$!
#+~!E=7E
•a"?I!$8$`(- DN7NZT
&=N(YE;#/(NG4
•CN0-8&$=W/?84
€r\ =7 7?'$q ==84
ci93?0!(N$.FY=T+2/;'$
!+~!E=7E;<<N(N.H4
ci93I0!'$q N(N.4
ci93I0!29(N$..4
€C. 8(Z o
cr7 0"=Y -(?DoE % 0(<0
039E/[ =k;|
c:$(03V +~/#y! 7#7
(N;#2/=oE/ 7l/+:(2!$
Q
O O*0?&0!(-0-%&];Y&

=: ];Y0-|
cUS7 r0Y)84
ch`7(?=/"[ 4
•j?=/"0D$F% (#3*(
{0&0 ]0(Y9  ,ˆxGQJH4
•j?=/"097FE‰:(#?9E/
$79 9= ˆH4
•j?=/"0 7F^+/N^
9 ,J&jE9 jz;Y#=wn444H
•j?=/";9  #F7&3 
$$=;# ]-GŠItˆŠ^444H
ch`(?&=8F&Ym-=[
2 =T|H
cU=\'?7:=. r==8
F. =. ?$`$`=w$`
]-444H
csE84
•h2#\'=#(?&G4
•sES7Z:G4
•US1$$2T7D" D(?
&G0\+2/;'=\N#. ?E
0!O=8/?tYnt=9$# 4
€U=/"D7;<Fg^rH==84
c‡2/;'7?=/"Dg^r4
cUS=/"Dg^r"7-;oI?72?
 D=$`(?&4
L
1.1.2.3. Nội dung hoạt động cơ bản của mô hình trường học nâng cao sức
khỏe (NCSK)4C7-;/'9y=1l0o
cJ2?Eg^r==84

•eZw$g^r=7 D8T(&8$
884
•U=\#0-=/"Dg^r7#0-#
7#&$\$7$$Tq?=E|j\;:
*Y$?4
•US7#0-Zw$=/"Dg^r>=
0-0Z4
cUS7;Y<=84
•r7 :>=1$ 06#4
•r7 0Y)0\$7?! 7=1$(Y(?&$
Z:;‹G4a6(?32 0N= E
06(?F=(Y(=:D0:0""2 /(Y070&$|H0\
(?$7$. %$0Œ4
•U=\7:=. r(03F:=
9  *=-$`7$`/;;Œ444H
•U'?:=807;< ]8
07;<$`&&Y4
•C3/$<<+/9#$`r=
8F`8$`/N=H4
•U (E\ 84
c‡2/;':*& D==8
•e!$8=N(Y0%/74
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•C2:(,&$;<<$:?/?&$\;<\
0E (E4
•CD=I!#0E (E1$I4
•aE (E0!#4
•U +~=7!E/4
•U=Z2/+*2=4
•aE (E?'$q 7=8-=%(7=%4

cU'?7T72=8
•rDo%7=1(9 % TT74
•rDo?;<! # ;<;<4
•rD(#'o0;#070&$N$G4
•rD0\+E/=7#:T07N4
•UN+,-7#0-2=8
J-;#0-/N=7=$SDV (E?7
;<. G797(-29=
(Z o
€sE. ==<\o
•US7 r0Y)$2#8T
y.  -303. 8z
•sEZ:;‹8z
•5(EE$/0Yz
•:$(03. r(03/0Yj-
iN/\(?20N:*/N=>=1$3N4
€U/9=/97;<70"90N
G794
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1.1.2.4. Nhiệm vụ của cán bộ y tế trường học @AKB
c‡2/;'N##0-/N. 8=,0#$9
;/?S'?4
c:+~(037(?DE/
;<<4
cUS'?7 r0Y)EZ:G794
cUS7:=/N010=84
cU  ,0#=o
•Cn0#'?7/93?80I5U=
=?'$q ?'-=%(7=%7/
0Y0,(j-iNj-g7;<a#-/=

•U'?D7/9=/"g^r$`(?$`;Y
Y#0-=/93/N0Y$:4I?i8
0-I5UrI?„=8
cU 7!$0#(Z;Œ"iUUG;/NS
k7/93;/N80$&/?0"=4
c:NSND7iUUG(779/N=8/0Y4
1.1.2.5. Quyền lợi của cán bộ y tế trường học @KB
ca1*N0-0,-T7?/0Y
7(-/N:*6*N0-E&>=(E24
ca1 ;'7!$/?(Z;Œ/9 D0\2
=0-?$<4
ca1 70"98$7/7N0\
EN21?ED74
ca1 7(S#7#0-77(-
79=4
•
ca1 E Dr /9=/"$`;Y(?G
97(-79="70". (E?r4
ca1+w*/0Y?7;<
0#/N4
ca"Y$=9*70:Y72T
+]"D77;<\iUUG4
cCn0#=\7:=;'7N"?
 D=7;<\897$4
cUSN077D77;<\iUUG9T
0$=9(4
cr\ =?'?D77;<\iUUG#7:
*7;<==4
cU=\'??(E=1!j-g7;<a#
0!7S+,-3%"\;<\9

G/9?$G$SDI?J 4
ch1$!7:90"+=j-=*j-iN
j-g7;<0#N# *=-?N=p'\
;<\iUUG$<< <97;<;?4
1.1.2.6. Các văn bản pháp quy về y tế trường học.
cUD9j-MKtPMMMtUUeUcjiUcjg^•aU/7
K. PMMMj-iNcj-g7;<a#bG!;l'?
D7/N=8f
cs/N0YPPtPMMMtsacjiU/u7A. PMMMj-
=*j-iN"?(bs/0Y"?=8f
cs/N0YAtPMMtsajg^•aU/K7Q. PMM
j-=*j-g7;<a#bI"?(s/Ng7;<\
iN=8f4
PM
cCnYPKtPMMLtCUcUU/P7v. PMMLbI"?.
D7/N=7=8f4
cUD9YKQtPMMLtUUeUcjg^•aUcjJI/PK7u
. PMMLj-g7;<a#cj-J-<bG!;l0Y 
(9N9*7:*7;<$SDD&$f4
cUDAtPMMvtUUcjUC/u7K. PMMvj-=*
j-UT"G!;l~;<$T'?D7/N=
7=84
cs/N0YvKtPMMvtsacjg^aU/A7P. PMMvj-
=*j-g7;<a#"?js/0Y"#0-/N
=7=U\8=U=8:*=U=8$S
D=$SD"$84
cs/N0YPPtsacjiU/Mv7A. PMMuj-
=*j-iN"?(^ <=N(YN/N
;k=$`/N807=U\8U=8:*
U=8$SD=$SD"$84

cUD9YM•tPMM•tUUeUcjiUcjUC/A7u.
PM"G!;l'?(E\ /N4
cUDALtPMMtUUcjiU/P•7P. PMMj-
=*j-iN"js/qrd&s"?$`
(?=/"[ =7:*7;<-?7;<;2
FsCIJMvoPMMtjiUH4
cUD9YutPMtUUeU„jg^•aU„jiU/Pu7
A. PM"s/0Y7-;077D7/N#7=
U\8=U=8:*=U=8$SD=$S
D"$84
P
cUD9YPLtPMtUUeUcjg^aUcjrGCJcjiU/L
7L. PM"G!;l9q(N8=U\
8=U=8:*=U=8$SD4
),),*,/012
1.1.3.1. Các nghiên cứu trên thế giới.
UONn‡Š‡"!*2Ž0,>=:
$:$7$'?/N=84C79&$=
?9+2/;'=*(]030=>9q?
=p'/4
J. uvv7j(0,+(E77"?
87,j==7G= CO. uLA0,9
'.(?&Y8090NN7@KKB4
U=>. Nn‡Š‡?iUUG0,$7=\
7(7p/780!? <7 r0Y)7 /9
4U=82 D7iUUG$`(?;YSE
D79 4
aNNn‡‡0,'-76_>(7p80!
7:*$`0,07; -(!N(-0;'
$`4

 UO. •LM0,$7?=?1bf$7=\:
\= *S804J>D=9"' ? 
= =8&$0,01=(/#-YN*U2/j
J'S/N=8?=8X
010"&$!4J>D=9"+2/;'=*N
7=N(Y0Z;k8&$E;#/06(?>9
"(NG0,01%=8!4
PP
J. •uI= =rI?I?+,-C-G`^2Ca
0,D( D+2/;'iUUG!? <3/=8
 97S+,-@KQB4
J. PMMC-'9'D$k1$>-
!$8!2=]8==8*C@QPB4
•;ƒF•vKH9"76= =8&$
n=‹> ?8&$$';[(N"/N7$3
 #7!>= =(!= ?8&$
=80,0"+E?N0-8&$V 2?
=8&$@KQB4
J9ˆ•-'. PMP"+2/;'
 ?8&$$k1$!E ?0Z
@QMB4•-'. •uu9NN0Z-=8
8*GZrD@Q•B4
J. PMP^-'0,9$2T" 
?>70Z-=877!N:\78
==8D&$*‘hh=(j=’@QQB4
5=$/-'. PMMP9"?~;<7$:$7$
7 ?;0-Fh•ƒH0\;‹NZ8=!$8@LQB4
‘/=-'. PMM•0,9# -&=
e0\+70Y'$2(7/N90N]$+N$yZ
=!$88@LPB4

G((-'9{?7060\ 2=]8=
\8!T!0Z-!$8*Š“Š=. PM@LMB4
J. PMx ;970-(&$q0"n
N1$N†=9Y==9T8#” x&$@LvB4
PK
J95r4g= =. PMMAX/ 
9>00-8!T!(N@LAB4
5-9*h3e=-'. PMMv/G
Z=NE.; -(-$&07\7(8@LuB4
J>9"Y0'"= =/?
&$\;<\0,0=>/0YN0-/?&$=9
>G(Y(? ,T  #D$44402/?0,
010 D8T*7=$SD=9N!4
^-'9. PMK"0Z-!$806
0\ 2=]88=8#Š=@QLB4
J9G-'. PMK"~? 8'
&$8!N0@LB
J9=-'. PMMv"70-0"n
N/9'\(7+(8!0E 7$1$
/=9N8&$G@L•B4
 U4‘49. PMK"NN D=8&$0\%
0q/7=8&$8@vB4
U=/•4C44‘4e. PMML9/3+
+w7/N/:90N(?0*= OS0NA
S06(?>08#=8@vPB4
JV 0q/ #D7iUUG. ••Q…Gƒ0,+2/;'7
NiUUG3Fg(GŠHV .1
7b=82fFGch= H47N
/V  <0T287(-=8
09-0ZD=8456;k"

0Yp7k/-3E y! -
PA
=8JCr01\=8 D= #0\
#8&$ ?@•B4C:*0\…Gƒ+2/;'=7N/
;'/9Dƒ–"JCrF•uLH/9(‘=#G-Y
N3A"JCrF••vH0"+ /9S/
NN!"7;<JCr=8;?F••QH4
G* <9…Gƒ"!='0,0q/ #
D7iUUG06(? D•x•GŠ0D9+4U/9* -
!=' N0\ DED7iUUG
l00"2 7#0YT70"
/0`Dn'y' -/N/7;< 3'
$1$0Z(-94
1.1.3.2. Các nghiên cứu ở Việt Nam
U=>. aEJ!0,D2 03$7
=\7;<bg7;<703f4h7=\'?$
7;<=7? +,-4j9#?EN7:
=7;<0#(Z;Œ0-X79!0,03+2/
;':*&F=!$(N|H$=N(Y$k1$
S7=84‚I?J !/0,7D=
9"?=8iUUG/N&$=T
#9> D=84
J. ••Kc••QJ/[I‹r)ˆe9IdGkU=3I.^3
-'9"I5U(?&*G7
n "%$Tj]@PB4
IXaUCI.U.-'9" D
==87(?80*8GJ-. PMMM@KPB4
PQ
e9G:-'9&Y80 -/N
9* -=$SDU$GEh`. PM

(No=7!$87=01E70"?77=
!$80-77'9=!$=(QQv•+
0-772#=!$8=(PvA+4U/
0Y"?=80-77'9•PKR!$0#
9q0-772#v•A•R!$0#9q4@PPB
h# GZGE9'=#?!$8 -(?
6$GU$U7J/9. PMMK/o!$8
N77N QQR(E(Y(N PLR•LRGD
=‹>N=9(E4G3N7!$0"0-N7'
9FAL+0NQ•u+H@PMB4
rNE9aUY5k"m-*G$S
DGJ-. 8PMMAcPMMQ/oMtP=~;<#(
=N(G#(y(#NZ #yZ"
!(#N(.yZD'#N -y
Z'zLtP=?N7'9D0#/93
tP=0-N72#D0#/93@PQB4
a6ˆJ89&&Y*8\8=8
:*#GEh`PMMP„PMMA/o=K•!$80"=PL!$
D0E (E?N7'9QMR!$80#9q?
N7'9@PvB4
GJ8C:-'9'=# D=8
&${? ]&Ym-G$SDnUO
U9GN. PMMu@MB4
IXs^X-'9'=#I*=
UGCU7J/9. PMMv@uB4