đồ án kỹ thuật xây dựng Nghiên cứu độ tin cậy của mặt cắt ngang dầm hộp cầu bê tông dự ứng lực theo cường độ chịu uốn và chịu cắt

/\
MUC
LUC
Mo
DAU '
' , ,.',
l
l. Trang
rh6i
vdn
dd vl
x6c
lap
dd
tli
nghi€n
cfu 5
2.
Xdc
dinh
pham
vi
bii
todn
ddnh
pij
rti, ti.,4r, ,;._ _j
^n.
h6p
bC
r6ng

du
fng
hJc
gi6
do
tin
cay
caa
mat
ait
ngang
cldm
,
5
3. IViuc
ti€u
vi
c6c
ndi
dung,
pham
vi
nghi€n
criu

_.6
4.
Pliuong
phr4p
nghi€n

cri,
7
Chr-rong
t:
fdruC
queu
, 8
l.l.
Tinh
hinh
xiy
drmg
cdu
dem
hOp
bC
r6ng
dr
img
l.rc
d Vier
Nam 8
1.1.1.
Dang
k€i
cdu
nhip
ddm
hop
BTDt_IL

dLic
h,i*g

g
I.1.2.
Dang
k€_t
cdu
nhip
ddm
hOp
BTDUL
dtic
ddv _
t 0
l.
1.3.
Dang
kdr
ca.u
nhip
ddm
hOp
BTDIIL
thi
c6ng
bn,rg
circ
p!_ruorg
phdp

khric"
""
.
.
-,. ,.

1 { }
I .2.
Do
rirr
cay
cua
let
ciu
crrng
trinh _
l;
1.2.1.
Khdi
nienl
vc!
clO
tin
cAy
cia
ker
cd-u
xriJ,,j+rg.

,

i
i
I.2.2.
C6c
dinh
nghia
vd
thuat
ngrr
1.2.3.
Nhfrng
d4c
didm
co
bin
trong
rinh
roi{n
DTC
ddi
vdi
ket
ctiu
cdng
.rinh
"
"
"
"
" r-i

1.3.
Tinh
hinh
nghi€n
crfu
ring
dung
li
rhuyCt
dO
rjn
cay
hong
xay
dung
cOng
trinh
cdu
ren
th6gidi
vi
trong
nudc 16
I
.3.1
.
Tinh
hinh
nghi€n
cfrr

drig
tJung
li
rhuydr
dO
tin
cay
h.ong
tinh
'
toiin
cong
trinh
ftcn
rhdgidi.
18
1.3.2.
Tinh
h)nh
nghi€n
cLfu
ing
dung
lf
rhuydr
al0
tin
cay
rong
tinh

to6n
c6ng
trinh
n Vidt
Nam
1.3.3.
M6r
sd
nhan
dinh
vd
vdn
tld
nghidn
crlu
DTC
ddi
vdi
KCCI
cdu
hidn
nay
""
" "
:to
chudng
2: PHAN
TicH
LUA
cHoN

pHUdNG
pHAp
DANH
GiA DO
rrN
cAy
cu,q Kdr
cAu Nurp
lAru
Hop
sE rowc
or_luNc
r.uc
rneo
orEu rlElr
cudNc
o0
cruu
udN vA
cHru
c,{r 2s
2.1. D0 tin cay
ciia kdt
cdu nhip
ddm
h6p bC
tong
du rirlg luc 28
2.1.1.
Cic dai

ludng
ngiu nhi€n
6nh
huong
ddn dO
tin cAy
lim vi€c
'cirakdtcdunhipBTDUL ; 2g
2.1.2. DO
tin cay
d6c
tnnrg cho
khi ndng
ldm
vi€c
cua kdt
cdu nhip
BTDtlL
30
2.2. Ca
s& li thuydt
xdc
sudt sii
dung rrong phAn
tich
DTC ddi
v6i
cdng
trinh cdu i
32

2.2.1.
Cdc dinh nghia
vi
thuar ngi?
32
2.2.2.
C6c thaln
s6 d6c trung
x6c
sudt thdng
k€ 33
2.2.3.
Xdc sudt
srr cd cria
kdt cau
cong trinh
.
35
2.2.4.
Chi sd
d0 tin cey
8
.
37
2.3.
Cdc
phuong ph6p
x5c
dinh chi sd
d6 tin cay

38
2.3.l.
Trudng
hqp hlm
trang thdi
l) him
tuydn tinh 40
2.3.2. Truong
hqp h)m
trang
rhdi li him phi
tuy6n , 41
2.3.3.
X6c d0 tin cAy
bing phrrong ph6p
Monte-Cailo
. 42
2.3.4. Xdc
d0 tin c6y
bing phucrng phdp
h)nh
hoc
, 44
2.3.5.
Tinh todn
chi
sfi d6 tin cAy
tir kdr
qui
tinh

to6n thidt
kd 47
chuong
3: NGHTEN
ciu IHAN
pndr
xAc
su.{r ctia
cAc Brgi.r
co.BAN vA
oE xuAr
rHANc DrdM
DANH
GrA DO
rrN cAy
c{re rf,r
cAu NHrp
DAM HOp
BE rONc
pu(xc
LlJc 4e
3.1. Trinh tu
phdn
iich
quy
luit
phAn phdi
xilc sudt
cira cric bidn co
ban 49

3.2.
Quy
luat
phdn ph6i
x6c sudt cua
kich thu6c
hinh hoc mat
c6t ngang
kdt
cdu nhip di.m hop
bc rdng du
fng lirc 52
\r
3.3.
Quy
luat
phan
ph6i
xric
sudl cria cudng
d6
be rong kdt
cdu nhip
ddm
bC tdng du fng
luc
56
3-4.
Phen
pheii

x6c sudt
crrdng d6 chiu
k6o cria
c6p drr rlng luc
ve
c6t th6p
thudng
59
3.4.1. Phan
phdi
x6c
sudt cudng d0
chiu k6o
cria cdp du
rlng 1rrc 59
3.4.2. Phan
phdi
x6c suft
cudng dd chiu
k6o cira
ccit th6p thuong 59
-
3.5.
Phan
phtii
x6c sudt cira rlng
luc do tii trong gay
ra
do tei irong 60
3.5.1. Phan phdi

x6c su{t
cia rinh tii
'
3.5.2. PhAn phdi
x6c sudr
cfia hoar
tai o t0 _ 61
3.5.3. Dac didm
phdn
phdi
xdc
sudt cira hi€u
fng tii trong
n6i chung 61
3.5. X6c dinh tham
sd dac trung cia
c6c dai luong
ngdu nhi€n
dai di€n
.
cho srlc kh5ng
cia kdt cdu nhip tidm
hdp
BTDUL
vir
rlng luc
do tii
fong
gay
ra

63
3.6.1.
Xric dinh c6c hang
sd trong him
bidu dicn trang
thdi chiu
udn
vd
chiu c6t cira
kdt cdu nhip ddm
h6p bC tong
dd fng 1uc 63
3.6.2.X6c dinh c6c
tham sd dac trung
cira c6c bidn
cd ban trong
ha,m
'
rrang
thdi ctia kdt ca'u
nhip ddm h6p
bC tong drr dng l1rc 63
3.7. Lua chon,
dd xudt thang
didm ddnh
gi6
d0
tin cdy cfia kdt
c{u nhip
ddm hdp bC tong

dU irg
Uc
67
3.'1.1. Clc nghi0n
crfu
qui
dinh
chi s6 dd tin
cay ffong c6c
ti€u chudn 67
3.1.2. DC
xudt thang
ctidm d5nh
gi6
dO tin cny cria
kdt cdu nhip
ddm
hop bc tong
du ritlg luc

71
chudng4: DANH
crL DO
TIN cAy cHru
udN
vA cHru ciT
ctA
MAT
cAr
NGANc

lArra
uOp cAu BE rONG
Du r-Nc rtlc 2:
4.l.
Xdc
clinh cdc bidn
co bin trong cdc hlm
bidu tliOn trang
rhdi chiu u6n
vd chiu
cit ctra kdt ctiu
nhip ddm hop
bC tOng du ring lrrc 74
4.2.
Xdc dinh
c6c him
bidu didn trang th6i
chiu udn vd chiu
c6r cia mit
c6t ngang
kdt cdu
nhip ddm hOp
b0
rOng
du ring h;c 76
Ii
4.2.1.
Tinh
dac
tnrng

hinh
hoc
crja
kdt
cdu
nhip
ddm
h6p
bC r6ng
du
rrng
lqc

76
4.2.2.Tinh
to6n
kich
thudc
c&a mdt
c6r
ngang
qui
tldi
7.7
4.3.
Tinh ro6n
ddc
rrung
h)nh
hoc cira

mdt
cft
ngang qui
ddi
78
4.3.1.
Tinh
rodn
dac
rung
hinh
hoc
ci.ra
mat
cdr
ngang qui
ddi ?9
4.4.Tinhtoln
xdc
dinh chi
sddd
rin
cAy
mrlc
dO
2 g2
4.4.1.
C6c bu6c
x6c
dinh

chi
sti dO
tin
cay
theo
tlinh
nghia
cira
Hasofer-Lind
g2
4.4.2.
Xdtc
dinh
ciic
hirm
bidu
di€n
trang
th:ii
chiu
udn vir
chiu
ciit
g4
4.5. Xdc
dinh
dao hdm
ri€ng
theo
cdc

bidn
cira h)m
trang
rh6i
dd
tinh
c6c
gradient
g6
4.6.
Phdn
mdm
tinh
ro6n
do
tin cdy
chiu
ufin
vd
chiu
c6t cria
kdt cdu
nhrp
ddm
hdp
bd t6ng
drr
ring
luc
probpCB

version.1.5 Ag
4,6.l.Gidithi€uchung ' :, '
4.6.2.
Cdu
tric cita phdn
mdm rin
hoc
lrobpCB
ver.l.5
_ gg
4.7.
,4.p
dung phuong
phrlp
Monte-carlo
dd
rinh
to6n
rl0
tin
cdy chiu
udn
vi
chiu
cdLt
cira
kdt cdu
nhip
ddm
hdp

bC
t0ng
du fng
luc
90
4.7.1.
Phuong phdp
tao
c6c
bidn
co bin
khi
xric
dinh
duoc quy
luar
phan
phdi
cfra
chfing
90
4.1
.2. Xdc
dinh
khoing gidi
han
cfra
cdc
bidn
co ben

rheo quy
luar
.
phAn
phdi
chudn
4.i.3.fhuar
to6n
rinh
do rin
cAy
cfta
kdr
cdu
nhip
ddm hop
bc rong
dd
-dnglrrctheophuongphi4pMonte-Carlo g4
4.7.4.
Tinh gi6
trih)m
trang
th6i
(lrrong
du
rrf
an toan
G
) 97

4.7.5.
Xir li
thdng
k0
xdc
dinh
phdn
phdi
x6c
sudt vd
tinh
dO rin
cay
98
4.8.
Phdn
mtlm
tinh
toiin
d6 rin
cay
chiu
udn vi
chiu
cit cira
kdt
cdu nhip"
dem
hdp bc
rdng

dU fng
h.ic
probsoft
version.1.0
gg
4.8.1.
cidi
thi€u
chung
gg
4.8.2.Cfu tnic
cfia
phdn
mdm Probsofr
ver.1.0
100
4.8.3. MOt sd kdt
qui
tinh
toi4n d6 tin
cAy
bing
phdn
mdm
probsoft
ver.1.0

l0l
4.9.
Kiem

rra so siinh k€i
qui
rinh
todn d6 tin
cay
bing ciic
phdn
mdm 103
4.9.1. Lua
chon sei li6u
ddu vio tld
tinh to6n 103
4.9.2.
C6c kdt
qruh
tinh toan : 106
chrons 5:
TiNH
TOAN
D0 TrN
cAy vA
KHAO
sAT D0
NHAY
cuA Mor
sd BCB
D6r
vdr od rm
cAy
c0erfr

cAu Nurp
.
DAM
Hop BE roNG
DufNc
Luc
10e
5.1. Tinh to6n dd
tin ciy cira mOt
sd kdt cdu
nhip ddm
h6p bC t0ng
du fng
luc bang
phdn
mdm
hobPCB
ver.1.5
11
I
5.1.1. Thu thAp vi
x& lf s6li0u

11
I
5.1.2. Nhap
sd lidu vi
tinh to6n d6
tin cey cfra
c6c m6t cit

ngang kdt
.
ciiu
nhip ddm hop
bC tdng du
fmg luc.
1l3
5.2. Tinh rodn d0
tin cAy chiu
udn crla m6t
sd kdt
ca'u nhip
ddm h6p
bc
t(ing du
fng luc dric
hing & Vi6t Nam
114
5.2.1. Kdt
qu6
tinh rodn do
tin cdy cira
kdt cdu nhip
bc tong du
fng
luc cdu
Tuy€n Nhdn
TP. Hd
Chi Minh.
I

15
5.2.2. Ki€m
tra d6i chfng
dO rin cay
chiu udn
cira mOr sd
mat cit
ngang
ddm cdu
Tuy€n Nhon
bing
phdn
mdm
probsofr_M
'
ver.1.0
_.117
5.2.3.
Mdrsd nhAn
x6t vii kdt
qui
tinh roen
d6 tin c6y
cira cdu Tuy€n
'
Nhor TP.
Hd Chi Minh
121
5.3.
Nghi0n

crfu d0 nhay cia
h0 sd bidn
sai ddi v6i
dO rin c6y cfra kdt
cdu
nhip
ddm hdp bc tdng
du fng ldc
123
5.3.1. Kdt
qui
khio
sdt D0 nhay ciia
hd sii
bidn sai dac trung
cho su
phdn
t6n cira
cudng d0 bc tong vi
fng sudt
trung blnh trong
c6p
du ring 1uc
124
r\.
5.3.2.
K€t
qua
khao s6t d0
nhay cia h€ sd

bidn
sai dac fiung cho
cutmg
dd chiu k6o cira cdp du fng luc 126
5.3.3.
Kdt
qui
khio s6t dO
nhay
cira
h€
sd
bidn
sai
d+c tnmg cho vi tri
cira c6p
DUL trong mit cit ngang ddm
12'l
5.3.4.
Kdt
qui
khio s6t d0 nhay
cira hd sd bidn sai ddc
trrrng cho kich
thu6c hinh
hoc cia Mit cit ngang ddm
1?9
xfir
ruAN
.

133
DANH
MUC CONG
TRiNH CTA TAC GI4 ,
,,,
135
rAr
LrEu rHAM
KH4o

136
Phu
luc I
PHU LUC
(Quydn
2)
Chuong
trinh
phdn
mdm c6c
phAn mtlm: ProbPCB ver.1.5 vd
Probsoft
ver.1.0 - Tinh to6n do tin cay
chiu udn vi chiu cit
cria
kdt cdu nhip dem
hop b€ tong du fng
luc.
Chuong trinh tinh
to6n hem bidu di6n

hang thili chiu udn
vi
chiu c6t d6i
vdi mat c6t ngang kdt c,fu
nhip ddm hop bc tdng
du Ling luc
Kdt
qui
xir lf x6c dinh
dac
trung
phan phdi xdc sudt cudng
dO cria b€
tong, kich thudc
hinh hoc mat cit
ngang vi tinh
todn
do
tin
cay cira mot sd kdt c{u
nhip ddm hop bc
tong drr
fng luc & Vict Nam
Phu luc II
:
Phu luc III :
I
\
cAc rf ur0u
srlnuNc rnoNc r,u4N AN

Y nghia
chi s6 dd tin
cAy
gi6
tri x6c sudt hu h6ng
gi6
tri nghich dio cria hdm
phan ph6i
chudn hod
gid
tri srlc khdng cfra kdt cdu cdng trinh
(khi
ndng
chiu lrrc
gi6i
han)
fng lrrc do tii trong
gdy
ra do tii
trong rdc d6ng
l€n k6t cdu cOng
tr)nh dang xem x6t
gid
tri trung
binh cia
sfc khring
gi6
tri trung binh cria r?ng lrrc do tii trong
gay
ra

dd ldch chudn cfra srlc khdng
dO l0ch chudn cira fng luc do tii trong
gdy
ra
h€ sd bidn sai cria srlc khdng
h0
sei bidn sai cira ring
luc
do tiLi trong
gAy
ra
hd
sd tuong
quan
kj hi€u kdt
qui
cta
miu
thri
ld
hlm
phAn
phdi
x6c sulit
ld
tap hgp
meu
h)m
phdn phdi
xdc

sudt
cta
dai luong ng6u nhi€n
X
him mdt dd xdc sudt crla DLNN
X
Gi6 iri trung binh cira dai,ludng ngiu
nhiOn X
kb ki,vong todn cta dai lLrong ngiu nhi€n X
ld
phrrrrng
sai
cua dai
luong
ngiu nhidn X
D6 l€ch chudn cira dai luong ngAu
nhiOn X
Kj
hiQu
Idon
vi]
p
Pr
o.t
R
s
Pn
Ps
oR
o.s

vR
v.
p
E
Po
a
F(x)
fln
Fx
E(X)
dx
ox
Dinh nghia
6 trang
sd
t3
t3
.i3
zo.
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
32
32
32
32

32
32
32
32
32
20
XI
Z
f^(
)
fd)
G(R,S)
D
3,fr
dang
phan phdi
chudn
hod
cira DLNN X
hem mat d0
xdc sudt cia srlc kh6ng
him mat d0 x6c
sui't
cia rlng
luc do tei rong
gay
ra
him bidu di€n
trang th6i
gi6i

han
(him
gi6i
han)
mi6n
c6 thd
x6y ra srr cd
c6c
gii4
tri ng6u nhi€n cira ring luc
do tei trong
gay
ra vi cuimg d0 cia
kdt cdu cOng trinh
Gi6 tri ngdu nhi€n
cita lrrcmg du trfi
an todn
gi6
tri trung
binh cira ludng du trfr
an toen
dd ldch chudn
cira luong drr trtr an todn
narn mai
do
phanphdi
x6c sudt cria
srlc kh6ng cira
kdt cAu cdng
trinh

him mat
dO
phan phdi
x6c sudt ciia
rlng lrrc do tii
trong gay
ra
gi6
tri
gidi
han cria srlc kh6ng
gi6
tri
gidi
han cira fng luc do tii
trong
gdy
ra
gi6
tri v6 hurrng cira kdt
qui
chudn ho6
phan ph6i
x6c sudt cila sfc khdng R
gi6
tri
vd
huong cria kdt
qui
chudn

hod
phan phdi
xdc sual cira sLic
khring R
c6c hC s6cia him
gi(tihanG(X1,
Xr,
Xn)
udc lumg
t6t hc'n toa
dQ
cira
didm rhidr kd tren
mit phing gi6i
han
hd,rn mdt dd xdc
sudt
cria lurrng
drr trt an toin
G
sd ludng cdc
phep
thir thdpg kc
sd lucng kdt
qui
thir
md ludng
du tfi an to)n G30
he sd an to)n thidt kd
J3

JJ
JJ
34
34
35
G
Pc
o-
f(R)
35
36
36
38
38
f(s)
r
s
ZR
zs
34
35
35
35
ai
zi
39
40
f,{c)
n
k

m
42
42
42
46
xll
Ut
C"
Ro,
R,"
r
gi:i
lri dd tin cAy
gi6
tri
phuong
vi ti€u
chudn voi
sai sd cr
d0 bdn chiu
k6o cfia c6t th6p
d0
ben tieu chudn
cira ceit th6p
h€ sd didu ki€n
llm vidc
he sd an toin
chidu r0ng mdt
cdu
chidu r6ng c6nh

hing bin
mdt cdu
chidu rdng vrit
b€n ngoii
chidu rdng
vft tr€n bCn
trong
chidu rOng
bin mit
cdu bdn trong
hdp
chidu r6ng
vft dudi bCn
trong hop
chidu r6ng
bin d6y b€n
trong hdp
chidu r6ng
bin di4y
b€n ngodi
chidu
cao mat
cdt ngang dAm
h0p
chidu
cao bin
mit cdu bdn ngoii
chidu cao vrit
bdn ngo)i
chidu

cao tlo4n c0ng
son c6nh
hing
chidu
cao b6n mdt
cdu
phia
b€n
trong hop
chidu cao
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trong hdp
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c6ch
tit trong tam
cdp du
rfug luc
cira bin
mit cdu
ddn m6p
trCn cing
khoiing
c6ch
til trong tam cfp

drr rlng
lrrc cria bin
d6y
ddm ddn
m6p du6i cing
kho6ng
c6ch ti
cdtlihdp thudng
ben mdt
cdu tldn
m6p trdn cing
cria mat c6t ngang
ddm h6p
47
50
59
59
59
59
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75

75
75
75
75
75
75
yp
bl
[nm]
b2
[mmJ
b3
[mm]
b4
[mm]
b5
[mm]
b6
[mm]
b7
[mm]
b8
[mm]
h
[mm]
hl
[mm]
h2
[mm]
h3

[mm]
h5
[mm]
h6
[mm]
h7
lmml
h8
[mm]
apt
[mml
apd
[mm]
75
asl
lmml 75
:ittri.:,
:'.
:
;
asd
[mm]
'
Spt
[mmJ
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[mm]
Sst
[mm]
khodng

c:ich
tit c6t thdp
thrrong
bin ddy ddm ddn
m6p dudi cing cia
mdt c6t irgang
ddm hOp
khoang cdch
theo
phudng
ngang
gita
cdc b5 c6p
du
rlng
lrrc bin mdt
cdu
khoang c6ch
theo
phudng
ngang
gifra
c6c
b6 c|p
dq ring
h1c b?in d6y
ddm
khoAng
cdch
gifra

cdc thanh cdt thdp
thudng ban
mat cdu
khoang
cdch
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cdc thanh cdt
th6p thudng
ban
driy ddm
cu
ly
gifa
cdc
ceit th6p dai
cudng
tl6 chiu
n6n cfra bC
tong
m6duyn
ddn hdi
ctra bC t6ng
cudng
dd k6o
quy
dinh cria
thdp du rlng
lrr. c
gidi
han chiy cira

th6p du rlng
luc
mdduyn
iiln hdi
cira.cdp du fng
lrrc
cudng
dO chiu k6o
r6i thidu cta
cdr rh6p thudng
moduyn ddn
hdi cira cdt rh6p
thudng
momen noi
luc tinh todn
luc
c6t rinh
todn
luc
kdo tinh
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tdng mdt mdt
rlng sudt trong
c6p du
rlng lrrc
fng sudt trung
binh trong
c6p du
fng luc
dudng kinh

cria
mot tao c6p du
fng luc
sd lu(mg
tao cdp
trong I b6 c6p
du rlng luc
sd luong
b5 c6p du
fng lrrc bin mdt
cdu
s6 luong
b6 c6p du
tlng luc bin dfy
ddm
dudng
kinh m6i rhanh
cdt th6p bin
mat cdu
'75
'75
75
76
76
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[mm]
Sd.ai
[mm]
fc
IMPa]

.
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fpu
[MPa]
fu tMPal
Ep
IMPa]
fs
IMPa]
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Es
IMPa]
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IN.mm]
Q tN]
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tN]
Deha
IMPa]
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IMPa]
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76

/o
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
76
't6
76
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76
76
76
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i;jl
Dd
[mm]
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m6i thanh c6t rh6p
ben d6y
ddm
76
Nsr
sd lrrong thanh
c6t th6p thrrong

bin mdt
cdu
76
Nsd
s6luong thanh
cdt th6p thuong
bin ddy ddm
76
BetaQ hc s0 chi
khri nang bi nLir ch6o
cia be tdng 76
Theta
[d6]
g6c
nghi€ng cira ring suAt
ndn so vdi
rruc cta
76
ddm
NpQ
s6lrrong cdp drr rlng lrrc
chiu cat 76
Alpha
[dQ]
g6c
nghi€ng cira
c6p du ring luc
so v6i hrrdng
76
ngang

Ddai
[mm]
dudng kinl
crla cdt th6p dai
76
Qdai
td1l
g6c
nghidng
cfra cdt rh6p dai
so vdi
phuong
76
ngang
l'=.tri**ri,;
,.
.,-:,;.!ii,l
nro oAu
'
1.
Trang
th:{i
vdn iti vi xic lAp
di tii nghiGn cfu
.
H€
thfing
cdu
trOn drrdng bd Vidt Nam duoc
xay drrng trong nhidu

giai
doan
theo
c6c
ti€u
chudn tii trong thidt kdkh6c
nhau,
quy
m6 xAy drmg khOng
thdng
nhfit.
Theo
sd li€u ncu trong Nien
gidm
duong bd nim
2002 do Cuc
Drrong
b0
Vict Nam
ban hlnh
[l8],
Vict Nam
c6 khoing 7.879 cdng trinh
cdu
c6c
loai
vdi tdng chidu
ddi ld 223.818m.
'Irong
sd d6, trdn he thdng

qu6c
16 c6
4.239
cN
vdi tdng
chi6u dii li 144.539m,
trdn cdc
dudng tinh c6 3.640 cdu
v6i
tdng
chidu ddilit79.279m. Kdt
qui
th6ng k€
phAn
loai cdu
bc tong du fng
I'rc
(BTDUL)
chidm 317o vd chidu dli, song cl.ri
c6 13,167o
vd
sd luong; cdn
Ioai
cdu b€ tong cdt
th6p
(BTCT)
thong thirirng
chidnr 38.817o
vd
chidu tlii

nhung
lai chidm 61,127o
vd
sd
h.rong.
Trong
khoing 10 ndm trd lai Cdy, dang kdt cdu nhip cdu BTDUL
khdu d0
l6n
vi trung binh tlang
la
giii ph6p
chir
ydu
trong
xAy
tlLmg ciu nrii
chung
&
ViCt Nam. Tinh d6n
nay, trCn c6c tuydn
qu6c
16 VieJ Nam cri khoring
gdn
600
cdu BTDUL
v6i tting chidu ddi 50.000 m, trong
do
sd luo-ng cdu c6 dang
MCN hinh hop BTDIIL

thi
cong theo
phuong phrip
ciLie
hing, rhic ddy vd dfc
tai ch6 trcn dd
gi6o
khoing rrcn 50 cdu, vdi tdng chidu
dli
gdn
10.000m. Sd
cdn
lai li c6c
crlc kdt cdu nhip don
giin
BTDUL mat c6t
ngang
hinh chf T,
hinh
cht I, ddm
hOp bin tlac, ban r6ng, ddm Super Tee v.v c6 khdu d6 tit
15,0m
d6n
40,0m.
C6c cong
trinh cdu mdi xay ddng da
g6p
phdn
to
ldn viLo vi€c

hodn thidn
hc
thdng kdt cdu
ha tdng
giao
thdng van di Viet Nam. Vd chdt
lrrdng
thidt kd,
thi
cong vd khai thdc
nhtng loai c6ng tdnh niy ctng rdt da dang,
phu
thuOc
vdo
trinh d0 cong
nghc cua nhi thdu
thi cong,
tu
vdn thidt kd, chir ddu trr, don
vi
quin
lj khai
thdc v.v .
Hi€n nay, mot
sd kdt cdu
nhip BTDUL c6 nh0ng ddu hi6u inh hrrong
tdi
ch{t
luong c6ng trinh
ngay sau

khi thi cong hoac sau mot khoAng thdi
gian
khai
th6c
nht{t
dinh
nhrr: mit'
16 be
tong
ddm,
lop bio
vc cdt
th6p khong
darn
bao,
ch{r
lddng
bc t6ng
k6m,
bd
tri cdt
th6p
khong
dir, khong dfng
v'v
"
viec
rldnh
gi6 chllt
lrrong

ddi
vdi
c6c
kdt
ciiu
nhip BTDUL
hicn
nay mdi xay
drrng
chi
tlrroc
thdng
qua c6c
phuong
phdp kidm
tra chdt
ludng
thi cong
vd nghi€m
thu
theo
c6c
phdong
ph6p
<idn
giAn, kh6ng
thd
phin 6nh
dring d4c
didm

ngdu
nhi€n
vd
cha't
lrrong
ctra
cdng
trinh.
V)
vdy, vdn
dd lua
chon
cong nghc
quen
lf,
d6nh
gi6 chdt
lugng,
tr4ng
thdi
ky thuat
ddi vdi clc
cOng
trinh
cdu cdn
drro' c
tidp
can
nghi€n
crlu

dd
bd sung
hoin
thi0n
h€
thdng
quin li vd khai
th6c
cong
trinh
cdu.
Do
nhidu
ydu t6 ng5u
nhi€n
tdc
dong
tdi
cong trinh
cdu
n€n
vi6c d6nh
gi6
chdt
ludng
lim
vi€c
vi
du b6o
thdi

han
phuc vu cira
cdng
trinh
n6i chung
ndu
chi
phan tich
theo
phddng
ph6p ti6n
dinh
se
tudng
ddi
k6m hicu
quA' Vi vAy'
thidt
ldp md
hinh
tinh
todn
dqa
trcn
cd sA
li
Jhuydt
xfc
sutit,
1i thui'dt

DTC
'td
tinh
todn
diinh
gi6
khi
nang
chiu
luc
cira
cdrrg rfinh
cdu
th6ng
qua vi0c khio
s6t,
thu
thap
c6c
sd li€u
thdng
k€
nhfrng
ydu t6 li0n
quan lh xu
huong
hi'9n
dai
vd tlem
lai hi€u

qui trong
quin
lf
chdt
luong
cOng
trinh'
Thdi
han
khai
thdc
cira KCCT
n6i
chung
c6 thd
bi
suy
giim
do
nhidu
ydu
tei rinh hrrong
tir khau
thiet
kd,
thi
cong,
quan li khai
th6c
v'v

'
do tinh chdt
phtlc
tqp cira
cdc
nguy€n
nhin
gAy hrr
h6ng
vi dudc
x6c
dinh
thOng
qua c6c
ddu
hidu hrr
h6ng.
Do c6c
di6n
bidn
kt thuat
phtlc tap cua
c6c
ydu
td
xdc
dinh
vd ci c6c
ydu
khdng

x6c dinh
ddc fidng
cho
cdc
t6c
ddng
vi srlc
kh6ng
cia
KCCT
nhu: dqc
didm
kdt ciiu;
su
phrit
tridr
cudng
do cira
vdt lidu,
inh huong
co
ng6t'
ti bidn;
t6c
dung ddng
cira
tai trong
v.v ,
ncn theo
cdc

phuong
ph6p tinh
to6n kdt cdu
thdng
thudng
khong
thd xdc
lap
dudc
mo
hinh
t6i du
vd to6n
hoc
ve
vat li
dec
trung
cho su
lem
vice
cira
KCCT
tlrrdi
tr{c tlung
cira
rdt
nhidu
dai luong
beit

\
dinh
vi
thay
ddi
theo
thdi
gian. Mat
kh6c,
viOc tl6nh
gi6 chdt
lrrong
lim viOc
vi
du
b6o
tudi
tho
ctra kdt
ciiu
nhip
BTDUL
theo
milc
d0
inh
huong
cira
c6c
dai

_
phan
dch,
d6nh
gid
khi
nang
chiu
luc
khong
su
c6
cria
KCCT
dqa
co s& kdt
qu6
th&
nghi€m,
kidm
tra
thu
rhap
cdc
sd
rieu
thdng
kc
vd
di;

tdc ddng va
sfc
kheng
cira
cOng
trinh.
-
X6c
dinh
thdi
gian
khai
rh6c
an
I
:oin,
du
b6o
tudi
tho
vdL
du
ffi
cur
(st1c
kh6ng)
cria
KCCT
khi
bi6i

duryc ouv t,,Ar r,; v4^
^ ai
, .rop
quy
lu{t
vd
x6c
sudt
su
cd
c6
t}6.r
Tini
to6n
didu
chinh
chd
tld
khai
th6c
vi
rhdi
han
khai
rh6c
"i,a
fCCn
fhici
ke.
-

Ddnh
giri
trang
thiii
Ling
suar
bicn
dang
vi quri
rrjnh
tich
lug
crla
KCCT
trong
kho6ng
thdi
gian
khai
th6c,
dd
drr
b6o
rrang
thi4i
c6ng
trinh.
-
Nghidn
ctiu

xay
dung
ciic
h6
so
DTC
trong
cric
ti€u
chudn
c6ng
vd
hudng
d6n
rinh
to6n
d6nh
gi6
chdf
ldong
cong
rrinh
v.v
ViCc
rlng
dung
li
thuydt
DTC
rrong

rinh
to6n
d6i
v6i
KCCI
ve
xi
hQ
thdng
ti€u
chudn
xdy
drmg
dang
duoc
nhidu
qudc
gia,
,a
"f,,f"
qui
nhidu
nhi
khoa
hoc
rr€n
rhd gidi
quan
ram
ngf,i.n

.fu
tfOl,
U|l,
l2gi,,
t341,
t401,
144),
t46),
t471,
t481,
t4el,
t5ll,
ts:2l,
ls3l,E+1,
1861,
tSzl;
le0l.
letl.
ls7l.
le8l.
lt0Jl.
lt04l.
ll23l.
lt06l.
lt07l.
til01.
ll;21.
t
u231,t1341,[135]v.v
- -,

:J,
Nam
lg98
Td
chLic
tieu
chuAn
rhd
gitii
ISO
dd
ban
h2rnh ldn rhLi.hai
Tieu
Trong
ti€u
chudn
thi6t
kd cdu duong
b0 cira M! AASHTO
LRFD
t78l
hi6n
nay,
clng
nhu
trong cdc ti€u
chudn cira c6c
nu6c vi khu vuc
kh6c nhu

BS5400
(Vuong
qudc
Anh); Euro Code
(ci4c
nudc thenh vien
li€n minh
ChAu
Au)
phdn
l6n cric
h€ sd vd tii
trong, vat li€u t16
duoc
qui
tlinh tt
kdt
qui
nghien
crfu
cria
cdc
du
6n, chudng trinh da
dud. c tridn khai thuc
hien t€n
co s&
thu
rhep,
thdng

kc sd li€u thuc td vd
phan
tich tinh
to6n theo li rhuydt
x6c sudt
thdng
k6
vi ly thuydt
DTC.
Trong d6, c6 nhidu
nhi khoa
hoc tren thd
gi6i
da
c6
nhfng
d6ng
g6p
l6n ddn vi6c
nghi€n crlu
ring dung ly
rhuydr DTC
d6i
vdi
cong
trinh
cdu va xay dung
he thdng ti€u
chudn thidt kd
hi€n nay nhu:

Nowak
A:S.
[103], t1041, I1231,
Christensen
P. T.,
t861, [87],
Baker M.J.
[87],
Faber
M. H., Sorensen
J.D.
t901,
Frangopol M.
[91],
Peter Tanner
[1061,
Poul
Linneberg Pedersen
[07],
Iffland,
J. S. B.,
[93],
Sherif El-Tawil
[110],
Tarek
N Kudsi
[12],
Vrouwenvelder
A.C.W.M.
[115],

I-d-xi-lev-xki
[123],
Trircov
V.P.
!331,
Iu-ma-sev V.
M.
[135]
v.v
-
Trong
hO th6ng ti€u chudn
cdu duong
mdi cira Nga hdu
hdr c6c hC
sei rei
trong v)
cudng dO
lthuc
chdt ld nhfng h€
sd DTC rieng)
cfing de
dudc xay
dqrng
dr.ra ftCn co
sd nghi€n
crlu thdng kd vir
phAn
tich rheo li
rhuydt DTC,

didn
hinh ld: Ti0u
chudn
thidt kd cdu cfing
CHuII 2.05.03-84*
[129];
TiCu
chudn
thrl nghi€m
cdu CHuII
3.06.07-86
[130];
Tidu chudn thi
c0ng cdu cting
CHtr[
3.06.04-91
[31]
v.v HC
s6 di rrong
vi hd sd srlc
khdng trong
ciic
tiOu
chudn
niy
ddu ttrroc
qui
dinh rr) kdr
qui
cira

ciic du dn, chuong
trinh
nghien
cdu
trcn
co s6
phan
rich.
ddnh
gid
theo l)t
rhuyer xdc
su6i drji vdi
czic
sfi
lieu
thdng
k6. Vi€c
nghi€n
cfu rfurg dung
li rhuydt DTC
trong tinh
to6n
KCCT
v)L
xay
dung hc
rhdng
tiCu chudn tld drroc
nhidu nhi

khoa hoc
cila Nga
thuc
hi6n
tir
ddu thap
kj
80
trd
lai day.
d
Viet
Nam
c6 nhidu
r6c
gii
nhu Nguydn Vin
Ph6 vd tldng
nghidp
t461,
t441,
[48],
[49],
Phan Vdn
Khoi
[34],
Lc Xudn
Huj,nh
t291, [30],
Nguycn

Vidt
Trung
[24],
t691,
t7ll,
Trdn Dfrc Nhi€m
t401, t441,
[45],
Nguycn Xudn
Ch(nh
4
[17],
Bni
Drlc
Chinh
[16],
v.v
di c6 cdc cOng
trinh nghiOn
cfu ring
dung 1!
thuydt
DTC
dd
glli
c6c bdi todn liOn
quan
ddn tinh
to6n, d6nh
giri

cr4c
KCCT
n6i
chung,
tl6nh
gi6
cdng ngh€ thi cOng
bC t0ng, x6c
dinh ddc tlidm phan phdi
x6c
sudt
cia
bC t0ng
vh brrdc tldu
nghidn cdu x6c
dinh ciic hd
sd
vrrot
tii.
TrOn
co s&
ph6t
tridn cr4c
phrrong phdp phen
tich DTC, ring
dgng c6ng
nghC
tin
hoc vd
x6c tlinh du.c

yeu
cdu d6nh
gi6
DTC ddi vdi
kdt cdu
nhip
BTDIJL
da xay dung 6
ViCt
Nam tong ttldi
gian
qua,
tdc
gii
dt
chon dd rii
"Nghi€n
crhu illnh
giti
ilQ tin cQy
cfia mdt cdt
ngang ildm
h
p
cdu
bA fing
d(
ttng
hlc theo didu kian cudng aI6
chiu udn vii

chiu cdt".
Phddng
hudng
giii
quydt
vdn dd khoa hoc
trong niy ld vi€c
ring
dung lf thuydt
x6c sudt,
lf
thuydt
DTC, cong nghc
tin hoc vd c6c
s6 li€u thuc
td dd nghi€n
crfu m0
hinh
bii
to6n DTC, xay
dmg
phuong
phdp giii
bii to6n
ddnh
gi6
DTC
cria
mat c6t
ngang

(MCN)
ddm hop
cdu BTDIIL.
2.
X6c tlinh
pham
vi bii
torin ddnh
gi6
d0 tin cAy
cria mat
cdt ngang
ddm hop
bd tong
du ring lrrc
Vi€c
dr4nh
gi6
DTC
ddi v6i kdt
ciiu nhip ddm
hdp BTDUL
l) vdn
dd rdt
phfc
tap
do
phdi
thu
thapddy di

vd xir lf cric
sei li€u rhdng
kd. Hon nia,
ngay
ci
khi
c6 dri c6c
sd li6u th6ng
kd, rhi vi€c
ddnh
gi6
chinh x6c DTC
cua dang
k6t
c{u
nhip
ddm h6.p BTDUL y6u
cdu
phai
thuc hien
khdi luong cong
vi€c
rdt
l6n,
ddng
thdi
ddi vdi kdt
cflu nhip ddm
hOp BTDUL
li dang kdt

cdu si€u
tinh,
n€n
h€
thdng
c6c
chi s6 DTC
thanh
phdn
(chi
sd DTC
cira cr{c MCN)
c6 inh
huong
rdt
phrlc
tap ddn
DTC cria h€
thdng.
N6i c6ch kh6c, vi€c
xay
dung
phuong
ph6p
dd
xdc dinh
ddy tlir chi
s6 DTC
thdnh
phdn

vi
mrlc tld inh
hu6ng
cira
chring
d6i vdi
DTC
chung
cfia kdt cdu si€u
tinh dang
ddm h6p BTDUL.
Do
d6,
luan
6n
gidi
han vi6c tidp cAn ve phan
tich
DTC cua kdt
cdu nhip
ddm
hop
BTDUL
rh6ng
qua
vi€c
phAn
tich vi
diinh
gi{

DTC
cira
cdc MCN,
ddc
bi€t
chri
f
tdi
c6c MCN
ddm h6p c6 DTC
lim vi€c
thdp nhdt, nhu
nhimg
khdu
ydu
nh{t
cira
toin h6
thdng
(duoc
xem
nhu h€ thdng
m6c ndi tidp
nhrr
dang
k6r
cdu
nhip
ddm
BTDUL

ddn
giin),
md
chrra dd cdp duoc tdi vi€c
d6nh
gi6 hC
thdng
chi
sd
DTC cing nhu m6i
quan
he
giila
c6c chi sd DTC
cia cr4c
MCN
trong
toan
he th6ng
kdt
cdu nhip ddm nhu
he thdng ddm
si€u tinh.
Ddi
v6i
kdt cdu
ddm n6i chung, khi ndng
chiu udn vd
chiu cit li hai
dac

tlmg
co
bin
nhdt,
vi vhy
pham
vi
nghiOn crfu
du-o. c
gidi
han ld
giii
guydt
b)i
to6n
co bin
nhdt
trong d6i vdi kdt cdu nhip
ddm h6p BTDUL
tl6 li d6nh
gi6
DTC
theo
tlidu ki6n
cudng
tl6 chiu uon
vi
chiu
cdr cfra kdr ceu nhip
ddm hdp

BTDUL
phn
hqp
v6i didu ki0n
cta
ViCt
Nam,
sau d6
ph6t
tridn
ddn dd
giii
quydt c6c bai
to6n cdn lai.
3.
Muc ti€u vir cr{c n6i dung,
pharn
vi nghidn
cfu
Muc deu
cira dd tdi li nghiOn
crfu tinh todn
DTC cira kdt ct{u
nhip ddm
hOp BTDUL
theo didu ki€n
crrdng 116 chiu udn vi
chiu c6t vdi nhtrng
n6i dung
v) pham vi nghidn criu cu

lhe llhu sau:
-
Nghi0n cfu
quy
ludt
phan phdi
cira
c5c BCB
dac fiung vd kich
rhudc
hinh hoc, cudng
d0 cira bC tdng cfra m6t
sd kdt cdu nhip
BTDUL dn xay
dmg
6 Vict Nam, ker
hqp
v6i
vi€c kh6o sdt cdc
kdt
qua
nghi€n
crfu tr€n thd
gi6i
vd
phan
phoi
thdng kC cia rirrg luc
do tiii trong
gay

ra do tii trong, dAc
fimg
cudng
d6 ciia cdt th6p v.v
x6c dinh h€ sd
bidn sai
gdn
dring
sit dung dd tinh
ro6n
DTC
cia kdt cdu nhip
BTDUL.
- Tham
khio c6c c6ng
trinh nghidn crlu
tr0n thd
gidi
vd linh vu.c
DTC dd
nkidn
nghi
thang didm
d6nh
gi6
DTC
ddi
vdi
kdt cdu
nhip BTDUL.

- Thidt
lep
b)i to6n didn
hinh vd d6nh
gi6
DTC
theo him bidu
dien trang
th6i
chiu
udn vd
chiu cat
ciia kdt cdu nhip ddm
h6p BTDUL.
-
Xay
dung thuAt
to6n
giii quydt
bdi to6n d6 dar ra ve
ldp
phdn
mdm
chuycn
dung
dd
tinh to6n DTC chiu
udn, chiu c6t ddi vdi kdt
cifu
nhip

ddm
hdp
BTDtJL.
-
Tinh
to6n DTC
ciia m0t s0 kdt cdu nhip
ddm hdp BTDUL de xAy
drrng
6 Viet
Nam.
6
- Kh6o
s6t
dQ
nhay
cria c6c BCB ddi
v6i
DTC dd
ddnh
gi6
mrlc dd
6nh
hrr&ng
cria
cr4c
BCB
ddi
v6i DTC chiu u6n cira cira mQt s6 k6t cdu nhip ddm
hop

BTDUL.
Vdi
muc
tieu
trcn
noi dung
han 6n duo. c trinh biry
gdm
phdn
m6 ddu vi 5
chuong
sau:
Chuong
1: Tdng
quan.
Chudng
2:
Phdn
tich lua chon
phrrong ph6p
d6nh
gi5
DTC diii
vdi kdt c{u
nhip
ddm
hoP
BTDUL.
Chuong
3:

Nghien
crlu
phan ph6i
x6c sudt cira c6c bidn co trin vi dd xudt
thang
ttidm
ddnh
gi6
DTC cia k6t
cdu nhip ddm hOp BTDLIL.
Chdcrng
4: XSc.dinh
DTC chiu
udn vi
chiu cit cia kdt cdu nhip ddm hOp
STDIJL.
Chudng
5:
Tinh to6n DTC vi khio s6t dd nhay cira mdt s6 BCB ddi v6i
DTC
cira kdt cdu nhip
ddm hdp BTDUL.
4. Phuong
ph6p
nghi€n
cftu
Dd dinh
gi6
DTC cira kdt cdu
nhip ddm

hOp B'T!UL, tudc
h€t
cdn xfc
l{p rnO hinh bii tordn
DTC
theo didu
kien cdamg
d0 chiu
udn vd chiu
cit; xdc
tlinh
c6c dac tnmg
phan phdi
xdc sudi
v)
h€ s0 bidh sai cira cdc dai ludng ngiu
nhi€n; xdc dinh hdm
bidu
di6n
trang
thdi chiu udn vi chiu c6t cira kdt cd'u nhip
ddm
hdp BTDUL;
ph6t
tridn
c6c
phrrdng phdp phan
tich DTC d6i vdi KCCT
vi
xay

ddng thuat to6n dd
phan
tich
DTC cria kdt
ct'u
nhip ddm hdp BTDUL
v.v ,
d6ng
thdi nghi€n cfu 6nh huorg
phAn
t6n cira c6c
ydu
td ngdu nhi€n ddi
vdi
DTC
chiu
u6n v) ritrg dung kdt
qui
nghidn
crlu
dd d6nh
gi6
DTC ddi vdi
mot
s6
k6t cdu
nhip ddm
hop
BTDTIL de xey dung
6

ViCt Nam.
7
Chuong
I
TONG
QUAN
r.t.
TiNH
HiNH
xAv lur.lc cAu rAu sop nt roNG
DV{NG Lu. c
0
vIEr
N,ln'r
Theo
dac
tlidm
cong nghq xay d{ng, kdt
cdu nhip ddm hop BTDUL 6
Vi€t
Nam
gdm c6 c6c loai sau: kdt cdu nhip c6 MCN
dang
hinh
hop BTDUL
dric
hAng,
kdt cdu
nhip c6 MCN dang hinh hOp
BTDUL dric duiy, kdt

cdu nhip
c6
MCN
dang hinh
hop BTDUL
dfc tr€n ddn
gi6o
cd dinh, kdt
cdu nhip
BTDUL
ddm ban r6ng,
kdt
cdu nhip BTDTIL ddm bin drc v.v
Ndi dung
cria muc rtiy
phdn
tich dac didm
c61u tao cira m6t
sd dang kdt
cdu
nhip
cdu BTDLIL di duoc xay dung 6 Viet Nam
hicn nay dd ldm co
sd lua
chon
loai hinh kdt cdu nhip BTDttL tinh todn DTC
cta
luan
6n.
I.I.I. DANG xiT c,{u NHIP DAM

HOP BE TONG DUUNG
LTc THI
CdNG
THEO PHTTO\C
PHAP DUC HANG
'
Dang kdt cdu nhip ddm
h0p cdu
BTDUL
thi cdng theo
phtrong
ph6p
thic
hdng
xudt hiCn trong thi cong
cdu bC tOng cdt th6p du fng lrrc
khoing nhfng
.
ndm
50-60 thdk1i
trrr6c
vd
ngly mOt
phdt
tddn manh vd
chi€u siu vi di€n rOng
tr€n
thd
gidi.
Nhfrng cdu BTDUL khdu dO l6n

da drro. c thi cdng theo
phucrng
.
phdp
hing nhu:
cdu Medway 6 Anh nhip 152m,
cdu Avtozavog 6 M6t-xcd-va
Nga
nhip
148m,
cdu Houston
6
Texas
(M!)
nhip 229m, cdu
Hirosima nhip
236m
vi
cdu Hamana
nhip 240m
6
Nhat BiiLn,
cdu Schotwien
0 Ao,nhip
250m,
cdu
Gateway i!
Australia 260m
(1986);
cdu Ha MOn

(1997)
6 Trung
Qudc
c6
nhip 270m
vi
cdu Rafsundet 298m vi
Stolmisundet 30lm
cila Na Uy
[59l.
174]
v.v
Dric
hdng
li
cdng ngh€
thi cong kdt cdu nhip BTDUL bing
phrrong ph6p
d(c
be
tong
c6c
khdi ddm
lien tidp
nhau
theo kidu ddi xfhg
(tU
tru ra hai
phia)
ho4c

khOng
tldi
xfng
(td
md ra).
C6c khcii be rong dfc hing dr,r.c
dd rai ch6
ren
da
gi6o di
dong
(goi
li xe dric). Cic
thao
tdc cong nghd tir khi di chuydn
xe
thlc
h6ng
v)o
vi
tri mdi cho ddn
khi cing k6o xong DUL dudc
goi
le mot
chu
ki
dfc
hdng.
Qud
trinh

thi
cong
dric hang thuong durrc ti6n hinh ti m6i tru ra ddi xrlng
ttdu
2
phia theo
doc
tim cdu. Ndu
li cdu ddm thi b€n tr0n dinh tru
phii
tl6t cdc
gdi
k€
t4m
bang
bc tong
cdi th6p
(BTCI),
trcn
d6 s6 t16c
ddt ddm ben tr€n tru
rdi
k6o
cdng
c6c cdt
th6p thanh
du fng luc thlng dfng tam thdi hodc le b6 cdt
th6p
DUL
dd licn

kdt cfng
tam thdi kdt cdu nhip v6i tru nham
tlim bio dn
ilinh
chdng
lat
trong sudt
qu6
trinh
thi cong hdng. Doan ddm 6 s6t mfi cria
nhip
bicn
c6 thd drroc
16p
gh6p
hay dfc tai
ch6
tren di
gi5o
cd
dinh.
Sau
khi
thi cdng xong cdc
cdnh hring thi
phii
hqp long rheo trinh tq dud.
c
du
kidn

tinh
to6n k!
lrrdng. Tru6c hdt c6 thd hgp long trong
nhip
bi€n,
n6i
do4n
thi cong
trcn de
gido
cd dinh
v6i mdt cdnh hang d6 duo.c thi cong
h6ng.
Cfing
c6
thd ndi ting
cdp c6nh hSng dd
tao ra kdt cdu ddm hing sieu tinh
vfing
chac, th6o
c6c
gi6
dO
vd
c6c
gdi
k0 tam rdi kO ddm l6n
gdi.
Tidp theo d6 sE
'

hqp long
dd ndi cdc
ddm tinh tlinh n6i tr€n vdi nhau thinh
h€ ddm si€u frnh c5
s6 bac sicu
tinh tang ddn sau m6i
ldn hgp long.
Khoing 10 ndm
tr6 lai ddy, hdng
loat cdu BTDUL dric hing dA du.c thidt
k6 xay drrng 6
Vici Nam
gdn
50 cdu v6i khoing hon 9000m
chidu dii.
Chidu ddi kdt cau
nhip chinh cfra cdu BTDUL dfc
h5ng duoc dSnh
gi6
ln
'
kinh
td nhdt trong khoing ti 70
m tldn 150 m. Thuc td c6c cdu
bc tong cdt
th6p
du ung luc licn tuc
dfc hang da du-d. c thidt kd
ve
xay

dmg tai Viet Nam
cho
ddn thdi didm hi€n nay ddu
c6 chidu dii nhip chinh nam trong
khoeng tir
60
m tldn 130 m: 60m; 6lm; 63m; 64m; 80m; 85m; 90m;
100m; 102m; 105m;
120m;
130m. Cdc
cdu BTDUL drlc
hAng nhidu nhip 6
Viet
Nam ddu
duoc
thidt
kd nhip chinh bing nhau
nhu: cdu Phir
Ddng
(7x100m);
ceu Cau
Leu
(3x78m);
cdu Vin Ddn
(3x90m)
v.v
1.1.2.
DANG
xlr
cnu

Nnp oAu
Hop
eE r6Nc
DIJ(NC
LW Tr{I
c6uc
ruro
PHI-]()NC
PHAP DUC
DAY
D4ng
kdt
cdu
nhip
ddm
hdp BTDUL
dric
ddy ln dang
kdt cdu
nhip ddm
hQp
thi
cong
theo
phudng
ph6p
thic
c6c
kh6i ddm tr0n
bd sau

d6 ddy k6t
cdu
nhip
ra
vi tri
thi6t
kd.
Cdng
ngh€ dfc
(l6p)
vt ddy tlrroc tidn
hhnh
timg dot
li€n
tidp
nhau
dd
ddy
ct
nhtng
kdt ca'u
nhip
c6 chidu dii
rdt lon'
Cong nghc
thi
c6ng
ney
c6
nhidu

uu
tlidm
nhu: cong
trudng
gon,
tap trung,
t6 chfc
thi c0ng
don
gi6n,
cOng
nghi0p
ho6
cao it Anh
huong
ddn
giao
th6ng
bcn du6i,
ph
hqp
cho
thi
cong
cdu
vuqt
trong
thinh
phd,
noi

mdt bang thi
cong hep, st dung
it
dAn
gi6o, tohn
bo
vi€c
thi c6ng
nhu dric,
l6p ddm, ddy
ddm
duoc thuc hien
trcn
bd
dim
bio
chdt
ludng
cdng trinh
vi
an
toin cho ngudi
lao
ddng v.v."
[59]'
C6ng
nghc
thi cong
dem
hop ddc

ddy
theo chu kj'duo.c
ring dung
c6 hi6u
qui
kinh
tC
d6i
vdi nhring
ciiu c<i chidu
dli nhip
tir 40-80m
Nhmg trong
thrrc td
khdu
do
nhip
tir 40 ddn
60m
li chidu
ddi l! tudng
nhai thuong
dudc thidt
kd
xay
dLmS
[3q1.
Thdi
gian
qua, nginh GTVT

da
fng dung cong
nghd
thi cOng rtric
ttdy
Kdt
cdu nhip
ddm hop
BTDUL
khdu dO
nhip
40m
vd
42m.
DEn nay cdng
ngh€
thi cOng ddm hop
theo
phuong ph6p dfc
ddy dd drroc
6p dung
thinh c0ng
6
c6c c6ng trinh
xey dung
cdu Hiiin
Lrrong,
cdu Met,
cdu
Qu6n

Hiu, cdu Sio
Phong,
ciiu Hir
Nha
v.v
I.I.3. DANG
T6T CAU
NHIP
DAM HOP
BE TONC
DU LNG
LI-IC THI
coNc
eANc cAc
PHUoNG PHAP
KHAC
Ngoii c5c cOng
nghe thi cOng
dam
hdp BTDTIL
theo
phudng
ph6p
thic
hdng,
<hic tldy
theo chu
ki' nhu
trinh biy
6 trcn, 6

Vict Nam
dn tfug dung
nhidu
cdng nghO thi cdng
ddm
hdp BTDUL
dang khdc nhu
cdng ngh€
thi cOng
bing
phuong phrip tldy din
gi6o
cli
dong.
thi cong ddm
hop tren
din
gi6o
c6
dinh.
che
tao dirm
BTD{.IL
bAn r6ng.
v.v
l0
COng
ngh6 thi c6ng ddm
h6p BTDUL theo phuchg ph6p
ildy bing

din
,
:i$ido
di
dong,
ld loai
hinh cdng ngh€ thi cdng
m6i, budc
ddu d6 duoc
ring dung
thi
cdng 6 Drr 6n cdu Thanh
Tri vi c6c nhip
ddn cdu Bai
Ch6y. Hi€n
nay,
KHCN
GTVT dA hoin thicn
thidt kd cong ngh€
n)y tld nhi
thdu trong
,.
6p
dung
xAy dung cdu
Nam O TP. Di Ndng
vi m6r sd cOng
rrinh khdc.
'.
Theo

cdc 86o crio kidm tra
chdr ludng aldi vdi
mor sei c6c Kdt
cdu nhip
:ddm
hop
BTDIIL
dric hAng tli xdy.lung
d Viet Nam
[60], t6U, t621,
t631,
:[64],
t651,
t661, t671, [68]
de xudt hi€n
cdc ddu hicu
it nhidu 6nh
huong ddn
f
itrflt
t,rqng
vi
thdi
han
khai th6c cria
cong rrinh nhrr
hicn tr,rong
ntt trong
c6c
"(foang

ddm, nril bd mat ddm,
dong nddc trong
cdc khoang ddm
v.v
Mu6n
&nh
gi6
duoc mrlc
dd
inh
hu&ng tir nhfrng ddu
hi€u hu h6ng
n6i trdn
ctra c6ng
uinh
khi khai thdc vi
drr b6o thdi han
phuc
vu cira n6 cdn
phii
tidn hdnh
kidm
'
ti"a, d6ntr
gi6
theo
cdc
phuong
ph6p
chdn

doSn vi c6c
ticu chudn hicn
hinh
[6],
't81,1361,
t711.
I.2. DO TIN
CAY CUA KET
CAU CONG
TRINH
1.2.1.
KHAI
NIEM VE DO TIN
CAY CUA KET
CAU CONG TRINH
Dd d6nh
gi6
chdt ludng hodc
khri nang chiu
luc cua KCCT drr6i
t6c d6ng
ngAu nhi€n trong
qud
trinh thidt kd, thi
cong v) tdc dong
ciia c6c td hop
trii
trong
khai thric, cing nhu inh huong
cira moi truong. v.v

tai thiri didm
nhdt
dinh
theo
c6c chi ti€u li tucrng ddt
ra, ngudi ta dua ra kh6i
ni6m DTC dd
so
s6nh.
'
Nhu vay,
c6 thd dinh ngfra DTCcia
KCCT
ld tdp hop cic tinh
thdt cia
d1i
tltdng
thtc hi?n cr.it thtic
ndng cho tnf4c,
bdo todn cdt tham
sd trong thoi
han
khai
thtic, tuong
ing vcri
qui
dinh cfia qui
trinh vd dtdu ki€n
st dung,
btio

dudng
kj
thuQt, sfta thia btio
qutin
vd
ndng luc l*u thbng
[126].
N6i cSch
'kh6c
OtC thd t
ien khri ning tl6p ring tlutrc y€u
cdu chiu luc
(hodc
y€u
cdu ldm
vi€c
an
toin)
ciia
KCCT theo
qui
dinh cira ti€u
chudn, tai thdi didm cu
rhd.
1l
;Toy
thuO"
vio
f
nghia vd

tlidu kiOn khai
th6c cfia
KCCT,
md
DTC
c6
thd
rhi
qua c6c tinh chdt hoac khi nang
nhrr: khi
nang
chiu luc,
tinh
b€n lAu
han
khai
th6c hay tudi
tho), khi nang
sira chfra,
khi
nang
duy
tu;
bao
:lf,".'T uuJru'uow
;.'
:.ffig,
kha
nang kidm
tra

hoac td trqp
bai kj' cria
c:ic tinh
chdt
nlo
d6
cia
:
iiffecf.
D6i
vdi c6c cong tdnh
cdu n6i chung,
khi ndng
chiu
luc hay
khi
ndng
': :^i;,'.rii
nira nd thrrhno drrnn nrrrn ftm nh4'i fr nn rh;dr lzd^;-^
-L,,;-^-^
r.i{
I
:,chiu
tii
cira n6 thudng
du-d.
c
quan
tam nhdt
trong

thidr kd
cing
nhrr trong
kidm
,
,
.,tra
tl6nh
gid
chllt lugng.
dung
cira c6c td hqp tei trong
vd tAc d6ng
nhu: chiu
udn,
chiu
c6t, chi
'
':.
tliirh
chung, dn dinh cuc
b6, bidn dang,
chiu
chiu
udn,
chiu
c5t, chiu
k6o, dn
m6i, chiu
nrlt vi

tudi
tho
v.v
thg
v.v
:Trlc
l), khii ning chiu
I
iu
luc cira kdt
cilu nhip BTDUL
drro. c
kidm
tra,
d6nh
gid
bing cr4c chi sd DTC
cira bd
pha!
hoAc chi
sd DTC cira
h€ thdng.
.
]
I.2.2. CAC DINH
NGHIA VA
THUAT NGU
.
Cdc khdi
nhi€m co bin vd

DTC c6
m6r
i
nghja quan
trong,
dac
biCr
tlong
giai
rloan ddu nghidn
crlu vi
rlng dung li rhuydr
ndy
trong c6c
nginh
kinh td -
h!
thu4t.
ViCc tap
hqp, hC thcing
cdc khdi
ni6m co
bin cira khoa
hoc
vd
DTC
ld

cdn
thidt, nhim

dim b6o
su
thdng nhdt vd quan
tlidm
ctra
linh vuc
khoa
hoc
'ndy
vd tr6nh
nhfrng hidu
ldm rrong trao
ddi chuy€n
m6n.
Theo
[34],
hC
th6ng
c6c
khdi
nidm vd DTC
n6i chung
c6 thd tluo.
c chia
thlnh bdn
nh6m
sau:
C4c
khdi
ni€m

vd tldi tuong
nghi€n
crfu; Cdc kh6i
ni€m vd
rrang
th6i
cira tldi
tuong;
Cic
khdi
niem vd tinh
ch{r
cfia d6i turng;
Cdc dac
rung cira
DTC.
Trong
ludn
r4n
chi
lua
chon rrich din
m6t sd khdi
ni6m, dinh
nghia v)
rhuat
ngi
cd
ben
,,.n!dt

lien quan
d€'n DTC
cia
KCCT da du.c
dinh nghia
trong
ti€u
chudn
'l

ISO2394-1998
vi trinh
biy trong cdc
tii li6u
1341, t401,
IgZl,
tl23l,11261.
12
tudng
ky thuat
(ddi
tuong):
ld
d6i tudng duoc
xem
x6t, nghien
crlu,
,
phan tich
ve tht nghiOm trong

qu6
trinh
thi6t kq
chd tao,
sii dung v)
,
s&a chfra,
gia
cddng v.v nhAm muc
dich d6m
bio hi€u
qui
cric
'
:'
,
Kdt
cdu
c0ng trinh
(KCCT):
l} su kdt
hqp c6 td
chrlc cdc
bd
phAn
li€n
:kdf
cfra
cOng
trinh xdy dmg, tluoc thidt kd kien cd. vdng

chdc vI
tldp
rlng drroc
'mgc
ticu
sft dung khai
th6c.
:'.,
H€ thting
kdt
cdu:
ld c6c b6
phriLn
chiu
luc cira KCCI v]
dang cdu
trric
I,'md
c6c
bd
phdn
niy li€n kdt vdi nhau.
I
::
,,,
Thdi han khai thdc
-
l) thdi han khai
th6c licn ruc
crla KCCT

kd tt khi
:,:bitddu
sil dung hodc sau khi srla chta
phuc
hdi hoiLn
to)n chrlc
ning cria cong
::tririh, ddn khi kdt
cdu xudt hi6n trang th6i
gidi
han.

Thdi han khai
thric cdn lai ti thdi han
khai thiic
ten ruc
cta KCCT
ti
thdi
tlidm kidm tra tinh trang ky
thuar cira n6
ddn khi xu{t
hien trang
th6i
gidi
han.
trang
thiii
lam vidc
ddh khi xual hien

rrang thdi gioi
han khieh
cho
hd rhong
phdi
ngimg hoat ddng
phuc
vu
hohc
phdi
sua
ch0a
|
105l.
Khi ning chiu luc: li
khi nang cria KCCT
holc c6c
b6
phAn
KCCT d6p
rftig
drro;c
y€u
cdu
srl dung rhOng thrrong,
kd ci trudng
hgp xiy
ra nhfng
t6c
tlOng

khdng
dudc drr tfnh rru6c.
Trang
thdi lhm vi6c
-
li trang th6i cira
dfii trrong,
trong d6
gid
tri cira
tdt
cdc
tham
sd, dac tnmg cho
khi ndng thuc
hien chrlc ning
cho trudc,
thoe man
YOu
cdu
cira ti€u chudn
ky thuat.'
Trang
thdi khOng c6 khri ning
chiu luc - li trang
rh6i
cia rldi tuong,
trong
d6 chi cdn mOt tham
sd dac rrrng cho ndng

lrrc llm vi€c
cfra n6, khdng
'
thoi
man theo
y€u
cdu cira
tli li€u ti€u chuzln k!
rhuat. Thuc chdt,
day le hang
thdi
khi
bo
phan
hoac toin
bO KCCT
gap
su c6.
13
,tffiiflfra"e
tmi
girfi
han
(TTGH):
liL
m6c m) n6u
vuot
qu6
thi KCCT krong
rlng

tidp c6c
ycu
cdu
thi6r kd de ddt
ra.
TTGH
cudng
d0
(TTGH
cuc
han):
lh trang
thdi sap dd
hoac
6 trang
toin
bQ
KCCT
gap
su cd.
,r,.'."-,,
TTGH
khai
th6c:
lh
m6c mi ndu vuot qua
m6t didu ki6n
nio dd thi
hodc
b0

phAn
KCCT kh6ng
cdn d6p ring
duoc
y€u
cdu
khai thdc
dd ra.
':|i"
Chi sd DTC cria bd
phAn:
li chi
sd DTC dac
tnng cho b6
pban
KCCT
:
mi
theo
d6 KCCT
d6
tlat
<tuoc DTC
qui
dinh.
'
Chi sd DTC
thinh
phdn:
li chi

sd DTC thanh
phdn
tlon 16 cia
KCCT,
'trong
d6
chi
c6
mor dang su cai don
le duy nhdt.
r.hoqc
m6i bO
ph4n
KCCT.
Biin
sri co bin
IBCB):
ln mOt
phdn
rrong
rap hgp cdc
bi6n s6 dAc
trung
,eho
cdc
dai ludng vat l!
mi€u tri cfc
t6c ddng vi
nhfng
inh huong

cfia mOi
.,trudng,
nhlmg tinh
chdt co hoc
ctra vet licu vi
cdc ddc
tntng hinh
hoc cria
'a5gcr
Him
bidu di€n trang
thri
(Him
trang thdi):
ln him
G
cria
cric BCB
'biCu di6n trang th5i chiu
luc cira KCCT:
Ndu
G6l
,
n . .
.Xn)
=
0 tuong
fng
vrfi
TTGH; neu

G
>
0
lI
trang th6i ldm vi6c
an
toin; ndu
G
<
0 lA trang
th6i
.1Am
uie" n
Ong an toln
(l)m
vicc
c6 su cO.
:. .
Chi sd DTC
p:
l) chi
s6 dac trung cho
xiic suAt su cd P'
,
dddc xdc
dinh
nhu
sau:
B
=

Q
t(Pt),
trong d6
/'/
lb him nghich
d6o cira
hdm
phan phdi
chuA"n
ho5.
14