Pháp luật Việt Nam về bảo vệ quyền lợi người tiêu dùng trong hợp đồng gia nhập

ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI
KHOA LUẬT







LÒ THÙY LINH






PHÁP LUẬT VIỆT NAM VỀ BẢO VỆ QUYỀN LỢI
NGƯỜI TIÊU DÙNG TRONG HỢP ĐỒNG GIA NHẬP






LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ LUẬT HỌC

Hà Nội – 2010

ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI
KHOA LUẬT





LÒ THÙY LINH





PHÁP LUẬT VIỆT NAM VỀ BẢO VỆ QUYỀN LỢI
NGƯỜI TIÊU DÙNG TRONG HỢP ĐỒNG GIA NHẬP


Chuyên ngành : Luật kinh tế
Mã số : 60 38 50




LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ LUẬT HỌC

Người hướng dẫn khoa học: TS. Nguyễn Viết Tý

Hà Nội - 2010

93

LỜI CAM ĐOAN

Tôi xin cam đoan Luận văn là công trình nghiên cứu của riêng tôi. Các
kết quả nêu trong Luận văn chưa được công bố trong bất kỳ công trình nào
khác. Các số liệu, ví dụ và trích dẫn trong Luận văn đảm bảo tính chính xác,
tin cậy và trung thực. Tôi đã hoàn thành tất cả các môn học và đã thanh toán
tất cả các nghĩa vụ tài chính theo quy định của Khoa Luật Đại học Quốc gia
Hà Nội.
Vậy tôi viết Lời cam đoan này đề nghị Khoa Luật xem xét để tôi có thể
bảo vệ Luận văn.
Tôi xin chân thành cảm ơn!


NGƢỜI CAM ĐOAN


L Thuỳ Linh

94
MỤC LỤC


Trang







MỞ ĐẦU
1
Chƣơng 1:
KHÁI QUÁT CHUNG VỀ VẤN ĐỀ BẢO VỆ QUYỀN LỢI
NGƢỜI TIÊU DÙNG TRONG HỢP ĐỒNG GIA NHẬP
7
1.1

7
1.1.1


7
1.1.2

12
1.2
           

16
1.2.1

16
1.2.2
 

28
Chƣơng 2:
PHÁP LUẬT VIỆT NAM VỀ BẢO VỆ QUYỀN LỢI
NGƢỜI TIÊU DÙNG TRONG HỢP ĐỒNG GIA NHẬP
35
2.1


35
2.1.1
Khái 
35
2.1.2
N
dùng

37
2.2
Thc tr p

41
2.2.1
Khái ni và các nguyên tc c b v
41
2.2.2

45
2.2.3
Trách nhi c nhà kinh doanh trong h  gia nh
46


95
2.2.4
Quy  v ki soát h  gia nh
50
2.2.5




  quy tranh ch trong h  gia
nh
56
2.3
   


61
2.3.1


















62
2.3.2











 











64
2.3.3








 , 












66
2.3.4


















69
Chƣơng 3:
MỘT SỐ GIẢI PHÁP HOÀN THIỆN PHÁP LUẬT VIỆT

NAM VỀ BẢO VỆ QUYỀN LỢI NGƢỜI TIÊU DÙNG
TRONG HỢP ĐỒNG GIA NHẬP
73
3.1
 

73
3.2

trong 
74
3.3

83

KẾT LUẬN
88

DANH MỤC TÀI LIỆU THAM KHẢO
90




1
MỞ ĐẦU

1. Tính cấp thiết của đề tài

  

 .  



 
 
  
dùng  


tiêu dùng thông qua 


toàn  
ch
hàng hoá, 
  
. Vì  n
 

    
 
        m 1986 -     

2
     
  sang    

 
    

             


  

Namh 
 quy l 

Tuy nhiên, 
   
a 

có c  c 
   
 trong quá trình ký     Vì
  
ng       nói riêng    
  các quy ng nói chung là
n nay.


 

3
2. Tình hình nghiên cứu đề tài
V

 các n
dùng            Lao  


 3; Tìm
 
công tá - 
 Ngoài ra, còn có 
nh: 
  


Sn, T
; 
 Phát, 
 
V.
Tuy nhiê 
 
 
   
tiêu dùng  , vai trò và ý

   


4
3. Mục đích của đề tài

   
rong

- N   



-              
so sánh 
.
- h xu h
  ng.
-   
 các c 
 
4. Phƣơng pháp nghiên cứu
 Lê nin
            
 
- Phương pháp phân tích và tổng hợp:      
         

- Phương pháp phân tích quy phạm


.

5
- Phương pháp so sánh pháp luật

5. Ý nghĩa lý luận và giá trị thực tiễn của luận văn
          
   
 
   v
          

        ng   
  
      khi      P   
 quy l  
 thành.

   
 



  
c

 

6. Kết cấu của luận văn
Ngoài ph m 

1


6
2      

3

*
* *
Tác gi xin bày t lòng c n chân thành   Tý,

cùng 
n này.


 
















7
Chƣơng 1
KHÁI QUÁT CHUNG VỀ VẤN ĐỀ BẢO VỆ QUYỀN LỢI
NGƢỜI TIÊU DÙNG TRONG HỢP ĐỒNG GIA NHẬP

1.1. KHÁI QUÁT CHUNG VỀ QUYỀN LỢI NGƢỜI TIÊU DÙNG
1.1.1. Khái niệm ngƣời tiêu dùng
Tiêu dùng là quá trình tiêu hao các tư liệu sản xuất và tư liệu sinh hoạt
nhằm phục vụ cho các nhu cầu khác nhau trong đời sống con người vì sự phát

triển không ngừng của xã hội. 



, 
: ti









 , 























 , 




      
 con . 
, không có s 
trong quá trình sinh con 

 [11].


, 





 êu dùng 
    [24]. Nói cách
khác, tiêu dùng 




 à tiêu dùng  s, 
 y c là m khâu quan tr và có 
h quy  t s xu, b 
, hoàn thành


 
 

8

  Anh n 
   -    


này, c
 

   
 [27]. 





 [27] theo pháp   tiêu
 tiêu dùng .



       cá       
 [30], nói cách khác n
   

         khác    
g.
           


9

 



  

    u      



     


    


 


       



  
        -CP ngày 2/10/2001 quy
 
              

10
 
hà




   . Nhìn chung cách quy
  theo cách
t ch 

pháp l 
tiêu dùng khác thì q

  
 rõ  
, cá nhân 
[10]   nhà 




 ,  
 , 

 (i) 











 (




nhân)  (ii) 
















 . 
 



 hai khi 

 














: 













 .  , 







 , 



























 ,  



















 .  ,










 , 





 , 

11

















 , 



 ,  tiêu
 ,   , 

. 











 , 
















,  

  



  


  . Tuy nhiên , 
 ,   ,  mua 

















 



 ( , nhân viên ) 





 




. T




 , v














    
  




 

 

 [25].
 ,             

p
 





K  là người mua,
sử dụng hàng hoá, dịch vụ nhằm mục đích phục vụ cho các nhu cầu của chính
bản thân, gia đình hoặc tổ chức của mình, không nhằm mục đích lợi nhuận.
Hàng hoá, dịch vụ được mua cho sử dụng cuối cùng bởi các cá nhân, được
coi là “người sử dụng cuối cùng”, “người tiêu dùng cuối cùng”. 


12
 kinh doanh  
 


1.1.2. Các quyền lợi cơ bản của ngƣời tiêu dùng


50   


            
             
 




 


- 
tiêu dù







13
Rights 



         8   

(i) Quyền được thoả mãn những nhu cầu cơ bản 

kho

 
               

(ii) Quyền được an toàn
            




(iii) Quyền được thông tin: 



tình làm cho n

ng q
       


14
(iv) Quyền được lựa chọn: 





(v) Quyền được lắng nghe còn được gọi là quyền được đại diện hay quyền
được bày tỏ ý kiến của người tiêu dùng: 





tiêu dùn


    


(vi) Quyền được khiếu nại và bồi thường:      
              


    





15
(vii) Quyền được giáo dục, đào tạo về tiêu dùng: 

  

              

 

(viii) Quyền được có môi trường sống lành mạnh và bền vững
            



 . 
 n còn có qu 
 
.
Trong 8 ,  

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
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 quyền đươ
̣
c thông tin
 . B (i) thông tin  



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
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 , 























 








 

 

 , 





 , 
























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
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


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 ; (ii) 


,  , 

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
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
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


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
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
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
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



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








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 
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 
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
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
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

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. 
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, 
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


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
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

 
 

 , 
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
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

16

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
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 
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
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
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
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
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

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
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   
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

.   , 
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


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
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
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
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
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
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
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
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
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 . 

, 

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


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







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
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









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

 .
 
 

  


8 


  .

1.2. KHÁI QUÁT CHUNG VỀ VẤN ĐỀ BẢO VỆ QUYỀN LỢI NGƢỜI
TIÊU DÙNG TRONG HỢP ĐỒNG GIA NHẬP
1.2.1. Khái niệm và đặc điểm của hợp đồng gia nhập
1.2.1.1. 
 




 


 

 

17


 Pháp, 


  ".           

  
  

. N



 
quan
 

 riêng  
, nguyê . 






 , 

 



  khi tham gia


 
 









 ,  



 . 



, v



 

18
             

              

   
   

[31]. Adhesion contract) 
  (Boilerplate contract), 
(Standard form contract) hay  
H
 ách
         
  



             
 [35].
H coi 

 [27]. 
 
 vì 


 [27].


19


 

                

 







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 
, 


Internet


       

 ng thành hai
 (i) 
 , ô 
        
D 
trái trong  
 [17].  có

. T



20

. C [18] 




           
hàn

  .            
   
 
[21].    


              


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. 
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