Ảnh hưởng của yếu tố nội sinh đến sự hài lòng của sinh viên đối với hoạt động đào tạo trong trường đại học

Journal of Science  2015, Vol. 5 (1), 80  91 An Giang University

80



NG CA YU T NN S I VI
HOI HC

 Linh Giang
1

1
ThS. P Khnh Chng, ng i hc An Giang

Thông tin chung:
 18/06/14
n kt qu t:
27/09/14
p nh 03/15

Title:
Internal factors affecting
towards
training and education of a
university

Từ khóa:
Yu t ni sinh, s 
c


Keywords:
Internal factors, student
satisfaction, personal
characteristics of students
ABSTRACT

This study aimed to examine internal    
Theoretical models have first conducted at An Giang University (AGU) via a
mixed method of qualitative and quantitative research and the participation of
491    2012-2013. The finding showed that there is a
    and the following factors: (1)
student needs, (2) internal and external personality of students, (3) current
addresses of students, (4)  
background education, and (8) stu
cost.

T

c thc hin nhu t ni sinh n
s c kim chng
li h
c thc hi
c ti hc 2012  2013. Kt qu
 gia kt qu i
yu t v: (1) nhu cng nng ngoi, (3)
ch  hin ti c 
nghip b, (6) ngh nghip m hc vn ca m,  (8) mc sng ca


1. T V

i h
nhu cu th ng s     
   p v  u ca
ng s dc
H  ng Quc Bo,    
 nhu cu ca 
(SV) s t trong nh m
bo s i hc, bi l
hiu qu co ph thuc rt nhiu
i hc. Vi
    a t xem l

m  
nhng thu    m tin s u
ch u t  ng chc
ng lc mnh m
n Ng, 2000).
Nhu c i tt yi thy
cn th tn tn. Nhu cu bao
gi    u g i
 u
tr y con i hong
nhng tng (Nguyn Quang Un,
Nguy       
th, nng cung cp dch v o tha
i hc s to cho h  
c        ng cnh
h mnh trong hc t

trin.
Li i mng nhu cu
c s th ng nhau? Theo kt
Journal of Science  2015, Vol. 5 (1), 80  91 An Giang University

81

qu c cho
rng, m u th
 , m    t ki   
 n
Quang Un, Nguy,
     a ch   i
ki      ng ki  

i t
ng nng ngo  
hai ki        
cht ca phn       n
 nh cm (Hans Eysenck
theo , a
kit qu cm nh
v ch   o c    
d p nh    n sn
phm/dch v ng cung cp. T cm nhn
ch quan ca tng SV v cho ca
t s SV cm th
 sn phm/dch v  nhc.

2. T  

QUAN

u t v gii. Mt
s  u cho r     t
gia kt qu n yu t
gii sinh hc (Aleamoni, L.M., 1998),
(Young, S. & Rush, L.; Shaw, D., 2009), (Lally &
Myhill,  o, 2007), (Cashin,
W.E., t s u li cho
rng yu t gin s 
(Hancock et al.,1992; Tatro, 1995 theo Young, S.
& Rush, L.; Shaw, D., 2009) cho thy SV n 
giGV)


  nzi et al., 1993 theo Muhammad
Nauman Abbasi, 2011). u t
s tri nghim ca SV khi hc tng. Mt s
 u cho rng yu t  c ca SV
   n kt qu   (Cashin,
W.E., 1995); (Lally & Myhill, 1994 theo L
Ho, t s u li
cho r t trong kt qu 
n yu t  (Dalton, H & Denson,
N., 2009); (Aleamoni, L. M., 1998); (Cisneros-
Cohernour, E. J., 2001); (Muhammad Nauman
Abbasi, 2011). Kt qu u cho thy
 l thun v
hc ca h.

u t v kt qu hc tp. SV
s   p nh   m thp
(Crumbley, Henry & Kratchman, 2001 theo
Dalton, H & Denson, N., 2009),  
cu cho rm d n nhn
   p t SV (Abrami, Dickens &
Perry Leventhal, 1980 theo Mckeachie.W.J,
u cho r
m gi
ct qu ln SV (Lally & Myhill,
1994 theo o, 2007). 
  u t       
         

          
u c
   nh rng s
   t trong nhng
yu t quan trng ca s
c. Eweli
       
  t qu hc tp ca SV (Ewell, 1989,
Pascarella & Terenzini, 1991, Umbach & Porter,
2002 theo Muhammad Nauman Abbasi, 2011).
Cashin, W.E. cho rng GV d   i
ng        c t
y l 
y l, 1995). M
        
        

        

         

, 2002 theo Muhammad
Nauman Abbasi, 2011).

     t qu u ra ca SV
ng, vi
th  u t v      nh
n kt qu  a SV.
Chng h n tu
m    ra, s   a SV ph
thuc nhit qu xp loi hc li vi
t qu xp loi hc lc
    n v  i
v
u
t v gic, v 
c ng (BC College & Institute Student
Outcome, 2003).

        tp
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trung nhiu t m
i, s tri nghim ca
SV khi hc t), kt

qu hc t      
ng cu t nhu cu
 n s  a h trong
c tp tng.

T

3.1 Quan h cu


3.1.1 Thuyt nhu cu ca Abraham Maslow

u ca Maslow ch yu tp
c nhu ct
  ng d    thuyt sau: (1)
Nhu c  tng l
khi mt nhu cc tho 
ng lc quan tr ny sinh mt nhu
cu m thay th cho nhu cu
b   xut hin khi nhu cu bc thp
 c th       
bi nhu cu  bc thp; (3) Nhu
cu ca phn l c t
trin t thn cao.



u ca Abraham Maslow

Bn cht ca s  th cht

ng sn phm hay dch v mang li cho 
ng ca nhu c
ng vi tr      i
c m
 c cho thy
s bng cn
ca nhu cng vt ra
u cao.

 ca thuyt nhu cu c

Nhu cu

Maslow

Nhu cu 
i mong mun
c
s
quan h i.
           
    t. SV c  m b u
king, c th:
ng;
K  
cu v 
Ch  bo hich v c khe cho
SV.
Nhu cu i
Nhu cu, mong mun

i b
u giao
ti
Ho, th dc th thao),
c b
c tng dy  hc
tp;
c tip vi Hi
Ch nhi phn hng cng.
Nhu cc ng
i x
ng, tin cc


Khen ngi kp tht sc nhim v hc
tp;
Ln SV;
Ch phc v cho SV.
Nhu cu t khnh
Nhu cu, mong mun
c th
hi
c m
c ghi nhn.
Khuy ch trong hc tu;
  kh   o, tng hp v  ng dng
kin thc t cuc sng.

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3.1.2 Thuy

       

ng yu t to ra s a
 o s       
  

sinh/yu t bo v sc khe (Hygiene factors).
u t tho ra s 

s 
Herzberrg theo Nguy, 2008).

       
Herzberrg:

         
Herzberrg


Quan h   




t



         

           
       
(Motivation). Na hai yu t 
 c vn dng giu
a SV.

M tr

SV - mt c c
cho thy s     t c 
  c cho
thy s 

 c


cu


To s duy








Khoa/L










T









3.1.3 Thuya E.C.Tolman

Theo E.C.Tolman, yu t n   t k th
nghi      , nh 
        c.
  n dng hc thuy   a
      
y, s 






Yu t nhu
cu
t
Yu t nhu
cu
to s 
Journal of Science  2015, Vol. 5 (1), 80  91 An Giang University

84

SV (E.C.Tolman theo Phan Trng Ng, 2003).






ng hc t
        







        

         d p
nh        



    




         

       



3.2  t

Nhu ci tt y n
tn trong nhu kin nh




         

  




    m, nhu cu
c      i ca SV
u hc tp,
t cho, gi vt cht, trang
thit b, dch v h tr) v u king
o c h  tr i

thi (nhu cu) ca
i s c cng
s n cho h s a to
 h phu trong hc tu
 

        
Abrah      
         
         


        












         


 

m
 



         
        p nh

 


Ki
u

NG


Journal of Science  2015, Vol. 5 (1), 80  91 An Giang University

85



KIU


NHU CU

ng
ni 
ng
ngoi
ng

ng

Tha



th








(2
1
)
(2

2
)
(1
11
)
(1
22
)
(1
2
)
(1
1
)
(1)
(2)


(22)].

t


Journal of Science  2015, Vol. 5 (1), 80  91 An Giang University

86

3.3  thuyu



4. KT QU O LUN

4.1 ng ca nhu cn s a
SV

Kt qu ki nh m   gia nhu cu
      nhu cu  tng ni
 ng
SV nhu cu cao v nc h
 nhu cu  tng n
nm trong kho< 
nhu thp v nc hi)
      thuyt H0: M  
a SV  tng ni dun
m   v       

nhau):

Bng 3: H s a nhu c 

Mi quan h
H s y
M

Nhu cu v p, thng nht c
<- 
-0,17
0,080
Nhu cu v ng dng c
<- 
-0,203
0,088
Nhu cu v  u
<-    GT,
TLHT
-0,079
0,080
Nhu cu v nu hc tp
<-    GT,
TLHT
-0,087
0,078
Nhu cu v  cho
<- 
-0,036
0,086

m

Nhu cu
Ki
ng nng ngoi
Thang m

H
1
H
2

H
3
1.        i
hc & hin ti)
2. V 
3. Ngh nghip b m
4.  hc vn b m
5. Mc sng
H
4
1. o
2. u hc tp
3. NC3. T cho
4. NC4. Gi
5. t b
6. NC6. Dch v h tr
1. Gi
2. Tui sinh hc

3. o
4. M p
5. Kt qu hc tp
6. M      ng
ngo
1. 
2. y
3. n
4. 
Journal of Science  2015, Vol. 5 (1), 80  91 An Giang University

87

Mi quan h
H s y
M

Nhu cu v 
<- 
-0,103
0,093
Nhu cu v phm chm GV
<- GV
0,036
0,077
Nhu cu v a GV
<-ng v GV
0,200
0,071
Nhu cu v PPGD ca GV

<- GV
0,157
0,083
Nhu cu v PP kia GV
<- GV
0,106
0,075
Nhu cu v c/Ging
<- CSVC,
TTB
0,213
0,107
Nhu cu v ghim
<- CSVC,
TTB
-0,307
0,236
Nhu cu v n
<- CSVC,
TTB
0,131
0,084
Nhu cu v 
<- CSVC,
TTB
-0,696
0,040
Nhu cu v 
<- CSVC,
TTB

-0,183
0,188
Nhu cu v chng h tr
<- DVHT
0,536
0,130
Nhu cu v c v c
<- DVHT
-0,067
0,098

Kt qu kinh 06 gi thuyt v m 
gia nhu c a SV ta thy:
  i dung cho kt qu ki nh gi
thuyc chp nhn (m
 gia nhu cu v: (1)
c/gi
nghit
ng h tr vi s  x
  u thit y    u mong
mu      c
tp tp v
thuy      H  
       
cu t to
s ng ch mang li cho SV
c
       i ca
Frederick Herzberrg).

  i dung cho kt qu ki nh gi
thuyt H0 b  b v tin c

+ 05/13 n s 
 thng trong khong t [0,036;
 thun gia
nhu cu v: (1) phm ch m GV; (2)
a GV; (3) 
ging dy (PPGD) ca GV; (4) 
kin vi s 
i
  u cao v      m
thu
th         
thu     t rt nhi 
vm chm GV;
a GV; PPGD ca GV; PP
ki       n, n c
ng t cm thy th
p vt
 Hi v
nhu c        
Frederick Herzberrg nc th to ra
 i ca
Fr   kim ch  
 
     n m   t
qu    lch chun cho th   
u cng
mc tt nhng trong khong [3,69 ;

3,81].

+ 08/13 n s 
 thng trong khong t [- 0,695; -
         nghch
gia nhu cu vp, thng nht ca
ng dng c3)
 u; (4) n
Journal of Science  2015, Vol. 5 (1), 80  91 An Giang University

88

  u hc t     ch 
t  
  c v c . Kim
tra m ng c ng   
nhu cy ta thy:

Bng 4. Kt qu th     ng c 
ng  y < 0

Nhu cu
M ng ca
ng

 lch
chun
  p, thng nht
c
3,56

0,61
ng dng ca

3,54
0,63
T     
liu
3,60
0,69
Nu
hc tp
3,55
0,66
 cho
3,58
0,70

3,70
0,63

3,55
0,68
c v c
b
3,40
0,78

Kt qu Bng 4 cho thu
 ng th
y y, nhu cao, nu

ng  mc th cm thy
c li,  u
th bi nhng
  c th cm th 


y, kt qu ki thuyt v nhu
cu SV vi s y m nhu cu
n s ng thi,
kt qu  u cho th  u cu
t hai yu t Frederick Herzberrg
p v
thuy xuc kim chng ln 1.

4.2  ng ca ki   ng
nng ngon s a SV

Kt qu kh u 491 SV cho th
180 SV thuc king n
la chn ki   n ho   
thuc king nc
ki   ng ngo   a chn
ki         c
ki ng ngoi, theo: Nguyn Quang
Un et al., 2011). Kt qu kinh m
gia king nng ngo
ng 5 (Gi thuyt
H0: Ki   ng nng ngoi
   vi m    ca SV):

Bng 5. H s a ki 

Mi quan h
H s 

M
King nng ngoi
<- 
164,700
0,000
<- GT, TLHT
20,270
0,000
<- 
20,762
0,000
<- GV
27,008
0,000
<- CSVC, TTB
8,312
0,081
<- DVHT
491,000
0,000

Kt qu kinh 06 gi thuyt v m 
gia ki   ng nng ngo 
 gi thuyt u b
 (m

h gia king nng ngo
m a SV.

Kt qu Bng 5 cho th
ng nu
ng ngop vi thuy
        

     

 ng gng
i vi h. H s ng d
ch t v 
t ch

  t qu cho thy s
Journal of Science  2015, Vol. 5 (1), 80  91 An Giang University

89

  a SV ph thu    
ng nng ngoa tng
kin m d
chp nhn v sn phm/dch v ng cung
cp.

Bng 6. Kt qu ths ng nng ngo tng n

Ni dung
ng ni

ng ngoi




o
38
142
248
63
u hc tp
70
110
174
137
T cho
60
120
163
148
Gi
69
111
182
129
 vt cht, trang thit b
83
97
185
126

Dch v h tr
0
180
311
0
Tng
180 SV
311 SV

Qua kt qu   thc t    
 a SV trong mi quan h vi nhu c 
ki ng ni /hng ngoi ta thy:
  17 thu    ng hc tp
i hu
thi vu
ng nu th
king ngo
ng ngot ra
ng ni
 ng lc t
cu tng ni
 l   l  
 ho o t ng cung cp.
c l i v   
ng ngoi, t l 
l  hoo cng.

Kt qu  u thc t   p vi
   t. Theo thuy  h ca
Hans Eysenck, mi ki     c

ng n

       
   p nhn sn phm/dch
v  ng cung c l  

h  
i vi h. H s ng d t
v  t chi


     
chp nhn sn phm/dch v ng cung cp,
  l    t qu thc nghi 
ch  
p.

4.3 Kt qu ki thuy

Kt qu ki thuyc
o, tn sut
tham gia lp hc, kt qu hc tp, c
c, ch  hin ti, th bc con trong gia
 nghip b m b m, mc chi
 ng
ngo  i m      c
ng 7.

Bng 7. Tng hp kt qu ki thuyt H3

Bi vi
m a SV
Bi    
h vi m   
ca SV
Ch  hin ti ca SV
Gi
Th bc con trong gia
a SV
o
Ngh nghip b
Tn sut tham gia lp hc
Ngh nghip m
Kt qu hc tp
 hc vn ca m
     
hc
M    
ca SV
 hc vn ca b

Chc v m nhn

M t
ng ngoa SV

y, qua kt qu  gia yu t
i kt qu 
  ho o trong
ng, ta nhn thy s i

vi ho thu
Journal of Science  2015, Vol. 5 (1), 80  91 An Giang University

90

gio, (3) m
tham gia lp hc, (4) kt qu hc t
 hc vn ca b,
(7) chc v m nhn, (8) m tham gia
ng ngoa SV.

 i vu t 
kh    n s   a SV
 nhng cung c
u ki
  u hc tp; t ch    
t b h tr; dch v h tr
i vi mng SV. Th hai,
khi trio theo hc ch  c
         
qu       
t hc phn (n
nh v m hn ch m
       n khai
u b  mang
n nhi       ba, khi
trin khai theo hc ch  
lc t hc, t u ca SV rt quan trng
ng n kt qu hc tp c,
 ng cn cung c  u hc

t c hiu qu. Th 
u t m
s/kt qu hc t ng, b
i vi SV 
n chung v ng din
ng h
c th      a th  
t qu 


u t 
n kt qu 
ch  hin ti ca SV, (2) v 
ca SV, (3) ngh nghip b, (4) ngh nghip m,
   hc vn ca m, (6) mc sng ca
t s yu
t      ng hc tp ca
i h  ng hc
tp c 
 cho cu
i trong thuyt c
Albert Bandura, h cho r
quan tra


5. KT LUN

Mu
t ni sinh n s a SV, c
th nh

ng cn s 
 
 c
thuy

       m cho
u v i Vit Nam, bi hin
nay,  Vi       
m  ng ca yu t n s
  a h i vi ho  o. Tuy
  u ch mi thc hin t ng
i ha
kt qu s b hn ch  c bin
p trong x ng th
  m        n
trong c
ng th u t nh
 .

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i hc Ti Vim bo
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t bi hm.
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91

Nguyn Th M L Kim Thoa & Tr
      c   

xut bi hc Qui.
Nguyn Ng
Nt bi hc Quc gia
Nguyn Quang Un (Ch     
 i
.  Ni:  t b i h  m.