Viết lại câu 1 50 có đáp án kèm lời giải chi tiết

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Cô Tạ
Thanh Hiền
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WRITING – SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (PART 1 –
QUESTIONS 1-50)
(By Ms. Ta Thi Thanh Hien – Hanoi University – Lize.vn – Chinh Phuc
Ky Thi VTV7)
I. CÁC BƯỚC CẦN LÀM VỚI BÀI VIẾT LẠI CÂU:
• Xác định loại câu (trực tiếp, gián tiếp, chủ động, bị động…), mục
đích, ý nghĩa của câu
• Xác định chủ ngữ, tân ngữ, loại động từ (Động từ thường, động từ
tobe hay động từ tính thái
• Xác định thì của động từ, thể của động từ (chủ động hay bị động)
• Tìm cấu trúc tương đương, cụm từ tương đương, hay loại từ khác
của chúng, hay thành ngữ có nghĩa tương ứng
• Viết lại câu, chú ý dấu câu
II. CÁC DẠNG CÂU HAY GẶP VỚI BÀI VIẾT LẠI CÂU
• Direct – indirect
• Active – passive
• Conditionals
• Inversion
• Idioms
• Phrasal verbs
• Noun clauses, adverb clauses, adjective relative clauses
• Subjunctive mood


• Similar structures
III. CÂU VIẾT LẠI KÈM ĐÁP ÁN VÀ GIẢI THÍCH CÂÚ TRÚC CHI TIẾT

(PHẦN 1 – câu 1-50)
1.He objected to the fact that his secretary came to work late. (Cấu
trúc object to sth/ doing sth: Phản đối điều gì/ làm gì)
 He was annoyed because his secretary came to work late.
He was annoyed about his secretary's coming to work late.
(Anh ta khó chịu vì thư ký của mình đi làm muộn.)
2. I hadn't expected to win that scholarship. (Tôi không hy vọng,
mong đợi là sẽ giành được học bổng đó.)
 It came as a surprise to me to win that scholarship.
Cấu trúc come as a surprise>< come as no surprise
(Giành được học bổng đó thật là điều ngạc nhiên với tớ.)
3. you may have a heart attack if you are obese. (May + V: phỏng đoán
cho việc có khả năng xảy ra)
You run a risk of having a heart attack if you are obese.
Cấu trúc: Run a risk of doing sth: Có nguy cơ ...
(Bạn có nguy cơ bị bệnh tim nếu bạn béo phì.)
4. He talked about nothing except the weather in his first date. (Anh ta
chẳng nói về điều gì ngoại trừ thời tiết trong buổi hẹn hò đầu tiên của
mình)
His sole topic/ subject (of the conversation) in his first date was the
weather.
Chủ đề duy nhất của cuộc nói chuyện của anh ấy trong buổi hẹn hò đầu
tiên là thời tiết.
5. In the end, I felt that I had been right to leave the club. (Cuối cùng
thì tôi đã thấy mình đúng khi rời khỏi câu lạc bộ)


I had no regrets about leaving/ having left the club.
(Tôi không hề hối tiếc khi rời câu lạc bộ)
6. We couldn’t find the cat anywhere. (nowhere)

 The cat is nowhere to be found.
STH + BE + NOWHERE TO BE FOUND: KHÔNG TÌM THẤY Ở BẤT CỨ
CHỖ NÀO CẢ
7.

He wasn’t to blame for the accident.

 It isn’t his fault for the accident. (Vụ tai nạn đó không phải do lỗi của anh
ta.)
8. Mr Bill managed to repair the garage roof only because his
neighbor helped him. WITHOUT
 Mr Bill couldn’t manage/ was not able to repair the garage roof without
his neighbor’s help.
(Bill không thể sửa được mái che gara mà không có sự trợ giúp của hàng
xóm của mình.)
Without + N/ V_ing: mà không có
9.

Nobody is infallible. (Không ai là không mắc lỗi cả.) MISTAKES

 Everyone can make mistakes.
(MAKE MISTAKES: mắc lỗi.)
10. The last Olympic Games were held in Seoul. TOOK
The last Olympic Games took place in Seoul.
(Thế vận hội Olympic cuối cùng diễn ra tại Hàn Quốc.) TAKE PLACE:
DIỄN RA
11. In the next few years we’ll probably hear a lot more about
environmental pollution. LIKELY
 In the next few years, we’ll be likely to hear a lot more about
environmental pollution.

S + WILL BE LIKELY + TO V: CÓ KHẢ NẲNG LÀ SẼ (KHẢ NĂNG SẼ XẢY
RA TRONG TƯƠNG LAI)
12. I only recognized him when he came into the light.
 Not until he came into the light did I recognize him.
Cấu trúc đảo ngữ với cụm từ “not until + mệnh đề + Trợ ĐT + S + V
13. We couldn’t have managed without my father’s money.
 If it hadn’t been for my father’s money, we couldn’t have managed.
Câu điều kiện loại 3 (sự việc không có thật ở QK); If it hadn’t been for: nếu
không nhờ có
14. I had only just put the phone down when the boss rang back.
 Hardly had I put the phone down when the boss rang back.
Đảo ngữ: Vừa mới… thì….
15. While I strongly disapprove of your behavior, I will help you this
time.
 Despite my strong disapproval of your behavior, I will help you this time.
Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự nhượng bộ. Despite + N
16. I’m sorry I missed Professor Baker’s lecture.
 I’m sorry not to have heard/attended Pro Baker’s lecture.
To be + ADJ + to have done sth: Nói việc ở quá khứ
 I am sorry for not attending/ not having attended Possessor Baker’s
lecture.
Xin lỗi vì đã không làm gì (việc đã xảy ra ở QK)
17. We may not be able to give the concert.
 The concert may have to be cancelled.
May + V: phỏng đoán cho việc ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai
18. I was not surprised to hear that Harry had failed his driving test.
It came as no surprise to me that Harry had failed his driving test.

Came as no surprise to sbd: Không có gì ngạc nhiên
19. We’d better leave them a note, because it’s possible they’ll arrive
later (case)
 We’d better leave them a note in case they arrive later.
In case + clause: Phòng khi; in case of + N
20. He speaks German extremely well (command)
 He has an excellent command of German.
Have a good/ an excellent command of + N: Giỏi, xuất sắc cái gì
21. I can’t afford a new dress, that old blue one will have to do. (make)
 I can’t afford a new dress. I’ll (have) to make do with that old blue one.
MAKE DO WITH STH: là phrasal verb: Đành chấp nhận (và điều này, cái
này không làm người nói thỏa mãn cho lắm, nhưng không còn lựa chọn
khác)
22. One runner was too exhausted to complete the last lap of the race.
 One runner was so exhausted (that) he couldn’t/was unable to complete
the last lap of the race.
CẤU TRÚC: S + BE + TOO + ADJ + TO V: Quá …để làm gì
S+ BE + SO + ADJ + THAT + CLAUSE: Quá…đến nỗi…
23. My mother was the most warm-hearted person I’ve ever known.
 I’ve never known a more warm-hearted person than my mother (was).
Mẹ tôi là người tốt bụng nhất mà tôi từng biết.  Tôi chưa bao giờ gặp
người nào tốt bụng hơn mẹ tôi.
24. They never made us do anything we didn’t want to do.
 We were never made to do anything we didn’t want to.
CẤU TRÚC: MAKE SBD DO STH  BỊ ĐỘNG: SBD + BE + MADE + TO
DO STH: BUỘC AI LÀM GÌ  AI ĐÓ BỊ BUỘC LÀM GÌ


25. The only thing that prevented the passing of the bill was the death of

the Prime Minister.
Had it not been for the death of the PM the bill would have been
passed/got through.
CÂU ĐẢO NGỮ (CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 3): HAD IT NOT BEEN FOR + N:
NẾU KHÔNG PHẢI VÌ
26. It is quite pointless to complain.
There’s no point in complaining.
CẤU TRÚC: THERE’S NOT POINT (IN) DOING STH: KHÔNG CÓ ÍCH
KHI LÀM GÌ
27. There is no way that young man can achieve success in this test.
 That young man is bound to fail in this test.
CẤU TRÚC: S + TO BE + BOUND + TO DO STH: CHẮC CHẮN
28. Although the dog appeared harmless, it was, in fact, quite dangerous.
(contrary)
 Contrary to (its) (harmless) appearance, the dog was in fact quite
dangerous.
CONTRARY TO STH: NGƯỢC LẠI, TRÁI VỚI
29. This hotel is inaccessible in winter. (possible)
 It’s not possible to get to/to reach this hotel in winter.
TO BE + ADJ + TO DO STH
INACCESSIBLE: KHÔNG TIẾP CẬN ĐƯỢC = REACH SWH
30. As far as I know he is still working in Bristol. (knowledge).
 To (the best of) my knowledge, he is still working in Bristol.
TO THE BEST OF SOMEONE’S KNOWLEDGE = AS FAR AS I KNOW:
NHƯ TÔI ĐƯỢC BIẾT
31. The workers only called off the strike after a new pay offer.


 Only after a new pay offer did the workers call off the strike.
CẤU TRÚC ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI CỤM TỪ ONLY AFTER + N/ CLAUSE + TRỢ

ĐỘNG TỪ + S + V:CHỈ SAU KHI/ SAU… THÌ …
32. He was sentenced to six months in prison for his part in the robbery.
He received a sentence of six months for his part in the robbery.
 He received a six- month sentence for his part in the robbery.
SENTENCE ÁN TÙ: ANH TA NHẬN ÁN TÙ 6 THÁNG (ĐÓNG VAI TRÒ
TÍNH TỪ, KHÔNG CÓ S TRONG CÂU THỨ 2)….
33. You can eat as much as you like for 5$ at the new lunch-bar.
There is no limit/restriction to how much you eat at the new lunch-bar.
AS MUCH AS YOU LIKE: NHIỀU NHƯ BẠN MUỐN, TỨC LÀ ĂN BAO
NHIÊU CŨNG ĐƯỢC = KHÔNG HẠN CHẾ
34. She wore a hearing-aid, even though she could hear the phone ring
perfectly well.
 She wasn’t so deaf/hard of hearing that she couldn’t hear the phone.
CẤU TRÚC: S + BE + SO + ADJ + THAT + CLAUSE: QUÁ …ĐẾN NỖI…
35. You will never meet anyone more generous than Mrs. Jones.
Mrs. Jones is the most generous person you will/could ever meet/ (be
likely) to meet.
36. My parents let me go abroad alone for the first time last year.
 I was allowed to go abroad alone for the first time last year.
CẤU TRÚC: LET SBD DO STH: ĐỂ AI LÀM GÌ = SBD + BE ALLOWED TO
DO STH: AI ĐÓ ĐƯỢC PHÉP LÀM GÌ
37. It was his incompetence which led to their capture.
 If he hadn’t been so incompetent they wouldn’t have been captured.
CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 3 CHUYỂN TỪ CỤM DANH TỪ SANG TÍNH TỪ: IF
+ S + HAD + V(PII), S + WOULD + HAVE DONE STH


38. I’m certainly not going to give you any more money.
 I have no intention of giving you any more money.
S + HAVE NO INTENTION OF DOING STH: KHÔNG CÓ Ý ĐỊNH LÀM GÌ

39. I don’t think there will be any applicants for this post. (likelihood)
 There is little/no likelihood that there will be applicants for this post.
THERE IS (ADJ) + LIKELIHOOD THAT S + WILL + V: CÓ KHẢ NĂNG
ĐIỀU GÌ SẼ…
40. It was difficult for Susan to believe the good news (hardly)
 Susan could hardly believe the good news.
COULD HARDLY BELIEVE: KHÓ TIN VÀO, HARDLY MANG NGHĨA PHỦ
ĐỊNH: GẦN NHƯ KHÔNG
41. Our hotel booking hasn’t been confirmed.
 We haven’t received confirmation of/about our hotel booking (yet)
CÂU CHUYỂN TỪ CÁCH SỬ DỤNG ĐỘNG TỪ  DANH TỪ: CONFIRM
(V)  CONFIRMATION: SỰ XÁC NHẬN, THÔNG THƯỜNG ĐẶT VÉ,
PHÒNG CẦN ĐƯỢC XÁC NHẬN LẠI CHỖ, VÉ CHO KHÁCH
42. The sales man told me that my new car would be delivered next
Wednesday.
 According the salesman my new car would/will be delivered next
Wednesday.
ACCORDING TO SBD/ STH: THEO AI/ NGUỒN NÀO
43. It’s not certain that Jones will get the job.
 It is open to question (as to) whether Jones will get the job.
S+ BE + OPEN TO QUESTIONS TO WHETHER+ CLAUSE: VIỆC LIỆU…
LÀ ĐÁNG NGỜ, CHƯA CHẮC CHẮN
44. Everyone started complaining the moment the announcement was
made.


 No sooner had the announcement been made than everyone started
complaining.
CÂU ĐẢO NGỮ: NO SOONER + HAD + S + V(PII) THAN + S + V (ED):
VỪA MỚI…THÌ…

45. As I get older, I want to travel less.
 The older I get the less I want to travel.
SO SÁNH KÉP: THE + SO SÁNH HƠN + S V, THE + SO SÁNH HƠN + S
V: CÀNG …CÀNG …
46. A house in that district will cost you at least 100,000$.
 You won’t be able to buy/get a house in that district for less than/under
$100.000.
BUY STH FOR + AMOUNT OF MONEY: MUA CÁI GÌ VỚI BAO NHIÊU
TIỀN
47. Alan worked too hard at the office, and this led to his illness.
 Alan’s illness was caused by/brought about/due to/the result of his
working too hard at the office.
DIỄN ĐẠT NGUYÊN NHÂN KẾT QUẢ: N1 (KẾT QUẢ) + BE CAUSED BY
+ N2 (NGUYÊN NHÂN)
N1 (NGUYÊN NHÂN) + LEAD TO + N2 (HẬU QUẢ)
48. Mr. Bill managed to repair the garage roof only because his neighbor
helped him.
 Without the help of his neighbor, Mr. Bill would/could not/never have
repairted the garage roof.
 Without his neighbor’s help, ….
MANAGE TO DO STH: XOAY SỞ LÀM ĐƯỢC VIỆC GÌ, THÀNH CÔNG
LÀM VIỆC GÌ
WITHOUT + N: (NẾU) KHÔNG NHỜ/ KHÔNG CÓ … THÌ…


49. Keeping calm is the secret of passing your driving test.
 As long as you (can) keep/stay calm, you will/should/ought to pass your
driving test.
AS LONG AS: MIỄN LÀ, THAY THẾ CHO TỪ IF TRONG CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN
50. Immediately after his appointment to the post, the new editor fell ill.

 No sooner had he been/was he appointed to the post than the new
editor fell ill.
CÂU ĐẢO NGỮ: NO SOONER + HAD + S + V(PII) THAN + S + V (ED):
VỪA MỚI…THÌ…

Good luck to you!
“Be a student as long as you still have something to learn, and this will
mean all your life.”
– Henry L. Doherty