(TÓM TẮT LUẬN ÁN TIẾN SĨ NGỮ VĂN BẰNG TIẾNG ANH) TIỂU THUYẾT MẠC NGÔN TỪ GÓC NHÌN LIÊN VĂN HÓA

-1PREAMBLE
1. Rasonale
1.1. The cultural penetration comes deeper and deeper into
literature creating an inseparable combination. On the other hand,
economic development, world cultural exchanges are increasing
powerfully.

Therefore,

intercultural

studies

have

become

indispensable and contemporary need.
1.2. Mo Yan is considered the "leading character of the XXI
century" and become a "phenomenon" of Chinese literature, as well as
the world. Study on Mo Yan and his works help readers gain a more
multifaceted, multidimensional view on creative thoughts as well as
the experience of life and bravery receiving cultural values of writer.
1.3. In Vietnam, the reception history of Mo Yan is not
homogeneous, the researchers focused on exploiting new world of
artistic fiction at the school perspective or merely self-interest in an
aspect of literature in Mo Yan novels. Therefore, we decided to
choose this topic for decoding Mo Yan novels in intercultural
perspective to explore the unique mystery writers considered
"different from Western writers, as well as different from Chinese
writers ", to identify the 'taste' of Mo Yan novels. From the point of

view, Mo Yan works can come nearer to Vietnamese readers.
2. Objectives and tasks
2.1. Purpose
The choice of Mo Yan novels from the view of intercultural
perspective are for four basic purposes of this thesis:
First, to clarify the source of traditional cultural values and modern
culture in Mo Yan's novels.


-2Second, to highlight intercultural values in the novel system of the
writers through the image of characters system.
Third, to differentiate the character as one of the important aspects,
basic to decode Mo Yan novels in intercultural perspective.
Fourth, to evaluate the interculture is one of the important aspects
and highlights of Mo Yan's novels.
2.2. Tasks
Corresponding to the four objectives, the thesis will go into four
main tasks:
First, We analyze and point out the connections between traditional
culture and modern culture, eastern and western, folks and scholarly in
Mo Yan's novels which has a deeply rooted from the changes in life
and the society.
Second, to decode the typical symbols of interculture in the novel
system of the writer to determine the unique and distinctive in Mo
Yan's novels.
Third, to analyze the character system intercultural perspective in
Mo Yan novels to identify the key here is to create alternative for
writers' novel system.
Fourth, on the basis of generalized entire major works of Mo Yan, to
assess his success from the perspective of interculture.

3. Subjects
Within the thesis, we focus only on those aspects which mostly
represent the so-called cultural characteristics in Mo Yan's novel in
terms of: Cultural Origins in Mo Yan novels, the emages of characters
system, along with intercultural characters system in the novels. Since
then, assess the relationship between Mo Yan novels and traditional


-3culture and modern culture on the basis of comparison of Chinese
literature with literatures from other countries to find out the
similarities and differences between the cultural values, to see the
point of inheritance and innovation in the continued development of
the cultural values of the writer.
4. Scope of Research
4.1. The scope of the survey documents
Writing career of Mo Yan was extremely voluminous. In the scope
of thesis we focused on understanding the novel considered as a
unique and most excellent of Mo Yan which has been translated and
published in Vietnam including Red Sorghum (2000), Treasure of Life
(2001), Sandalwood (2003), The angry garlic (2003), Drunken Nation
(2004), 41 gossip (2004), Live no better than death (2007), The
triangle set (2007), Frog (2010).
4.2. The scope of the research study
- Identify specific interculture in Mo Yan novels by decoding some
typical symbols in this writer's novels.
- Assess intercultural perspective from the character as one of the
most visible aspects of culture combined East - West, tradition and
modernity in Mo Yan's novel.
5. Methodology.
5.1. Interdisciplinary Methods

5.2. Systemetical Method
5.3. Methods of analysis, synthesis
5.4. Comparative Method
In addition, we also use other technical tasks like statistics,
classification, ...


-46. New contribution from the thesis
From inquiry, determine connotation of intercultural concept, the
thesis will go into interpreting the cultural issues, which, applied to
the specific case of writer Mo Yan to decode the unique features in
intercultural aspects of fiction writers that were coded as building
systemetical motifs - symbols, characters system to see the back and
beyond of Mo Yan folks. At the same time, also saw the continued
development of cultural values in work time, from which to see the
unique and distinctive in Mo Yan style.
7. The structure of the thesis
Apart from the introduction, conclusion, references, the thesis is
presented in four chapters:
Chapter 1: Overview of the problem studied
Chapter 2: Interculture Roots in Mo Yan novels
Chapter 3: The symbolization in Mo Yan's novels from the
perspective of interculture
Chapter 4: Characters in Mo Yan's novel from the perspective of
interculture


-5CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW OF ISSUES STUDIED
1. 1. Study of Mo Yan
1.1.1. The view of Chinese scholars

Documents from Mo Yan "monologue"
Mo Yan often "monologue" his attitudes, analysis toward art, novel,
people, and society. His monologues also appear mostly on press in
interviews and speeches columns. These articles were translated by
Vietnamese researchers and translators
Materials studied about Mo Yan
Affirmed and praised the talents Mo Yan
Most Chinese scholars of this trend as Li Zhen, Trin De Bei,
Confucian Xiao Bin, ... regarded Mo Yan as a pen with strong force,
as a pioneer on the road of innovation.
Criticizm and protests against Mo Yan
Besides the praise and recognition of Mo Yan as a talent, there also
existed many criticizm and protests. It is thought that, besides the
advantages of the content and art, Mo Yan's works fell into lust
phenomenon, sexuality, describing many of the carnal desire.
1.1.2. The views of Western scholars
The Western scholars show more and more interest in Chinese
literature in general and in particular Mo Yan's novels. They give their
views on Mo Yan in different aspects to most of his works. This
researchers processed, and approached and decoded his works in both
the content and the art.
1.1.3. The views of scholars Vietnam
In Vietnam, since his first work, Mo Yan became a familiar name
nationwide. Accordingly, the articles, the studies of Mo Yan and his


-6work in Vietnam became increasingly

diverse and rich, much

research was expanded from one aspect to the overall research on the
art world in Mo Yan works.
By surveying researched conducted in Vietnam about Mo Yan, it is
obviously seen that those researches were only focused on his art
achievements especially on narrative and writing arts and seft
efficiency.
1.2. Cultural research on Mo Yan
1.2.1. Chinese scholars
Documents on Mo Yan about culture
In his speeches, Mo Yan has the reader that some aspects of culture
in his novels as problem imagery and symbolism in the novel, the
influence of folklore and culture The West,…. Through these
documents, we can recognize the artistic conception of the writer. The
notion that the research could help explain the mixed comments about
this unique writer.
Group study materials about Mo Yan cultural perspective
Most of the researchers have identified the influence of traditional
culture to contemporary compositions are very strong. From a
historical overview of research from the perspective of Mo Yan in
Chinese culture, we find, research on culture has been mentioned in
several articles published in journals, dissertations, MA thesises,
books. Many studies have stature and high practical significance.
1.2.2. Western scholars
In addition to an overview of life, career as well as representative
works of Mo Yan. Western researchers also have many works such as
books, newspapers, dissertations thesises on Mo Yan on various


-7aspects: artistic depiction, writing methods, particularly the influence
of Western art to the writer. Most Western researchers appreciate the

works of Mo Yan. Specifically, the project has spent much effort to
acquire and study the influence of modern art thought to Mo Yan
West. Since then, the Western scholars praised Mo Yan in the methods
of narrative, describing the feeling of art. This is an important hint for
us to inherit and study this topic.
1.2.3. Vietnamese scholars
There are many approaches on literature, each approach has its own
characteristics. Along with expanding operations, the translation of Mo
Yan Mo Yan research problem also gradually expand the range of
cultural aspects. Overall, the studies of Mo Yan in Vietnam were
exploited in fiction writers cultural perspective in aspects like beauty
and ugliness in the novel, a mixture of myth and folklore stories true in
history, ... these are important aspects for us to refer to when
implementing this topic.
1.3. Intercultural research on Mo Yan
Recognising Mo Yan's process of writing and research, we found,
studies on the common cultural aspects in Mo Yan's novels have been
widely perfomed. However, no specific projects, yet, directly discuss
cultural issues, but at some certain works touched various aspects of
interculture.
1.3.1. Chinese scholars
Although no specific projects, clear research on interculture in Mo
Yan's novels, works well initially examined various aspects of interculture and the writer . In particular, these studies on intercultural


-8aspects are also not specifically named interculturally, or studies
without any understanding of cultural concepts from interculture.
1.3.2. Western scholars
Through studies on researches by Western scholars, we noticed, the
researchers had touched on the cultural aspects of Mo Yan's novels on

his writing as magic realism, S.Freud psychoanalytic ... But that's the
general cultural issues, within the documents we examine the works
were not mentioned cultural issues and touched different aspects of
interculture. However, These documents are useful for us in the
process of implementing the subject.
1.3.3. Vietnamese scholars
Viewed from postmodern factors, the researchers do much research
on the influence of post-modern culture to Mo Yan on various aspects
such as deep sexuality , dreams, the strangeness law, some works also
mentioned the cultural aspect as folks traditions, language,
symbolism ... In particular, the researchers have touched on the
cultural aspects of Mo Yan's novels as the legal writing magic realism,
the influence of S. Freud's psychoanalysis ...
Chapter 1 conclusion:
Through studying the literature on studies Mo Yan situation both
domestically and abroad, we find that the situation Mo Yan study
primarily focuses on the following aspects.
First, the researchers went deeper into Mo Yan poetic angle self
learning.
Second, there have been some studies of cultural aspects in Mo
Yan's novel as research work from the standpoint of Mo Yan folk.


-9Another research direction inheritance and learning Western culture of
Mo Yan.
Third, the study of culture virtually stopped at studying,
researching an aspect of culture in writing Mo Yan just cultural issues
in Mo Yan's novel but not linked cultural. Some works, researchers
have touched cultural issues, however no specific name it is
intercultural. In addition, the researchers also yet to learn crosscultural concept from that applied in the case of Mo Yan's novel. This

really attracted us in the process of looking to the writer's work.

CHAPTER 2:
INTERCULTURE ROOTS IN THE NOVEL MO YAN
2.1. Mo Yan with interculture
2.1.1. Cultural issues in the study of literature
Currently, there are many different interpretations of intercultural.
Whether standing at different angles with different research purposes,
but we see the comments on the intercultural, the researchers shared
the same opinion: Union combines culture, cultural exchange between
the past and modern, between different ethnic communities, with the
way of life and different worldview. The characteristics of cultural
continuity is expressed vivid, diverse in all aspects of the novel, by
"world or characters in each character, through the narrative method,
how to tell, through the organization of point of view and how to
organize space - time as well as a diverse textures, rich. May find inter


-10cultural expression in many ways: Cultural Exchange East - West,
traditional - modern, folk - polymath, local - universal.
From understanding the concept of intercultural, we noticed,
intercultural in a writer's novel is that the writer has inherited national
culture medium outside the receiving culture to put in writing . Shown
in terms of content (stories, facts, events, characters, ...) and in terms
of art (art building cultural icons and modes of narrative, language,
tone , ...).
2.1.2. Mo Yan novels and interculture
Like other writers, raised from the wellspring of national culture,
bathed in an atmosphere of folk, Mo Yan always respect those values
and receptive to creativity put into literature. Thus, we encounter in

fiction writers customs, folk customs, folk beliefs and ideological
doctrines like Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism, ... Besides, Mo Yan
is also affected Western literature not only in content but also in novel
form, especially in technical writing.
If you like traditional Chinese culture profound impact to the
writer created the character with bold language and recreate folk
customs, folk beliefs, all derived from disordered reality horizontal
naked and village Gaomi his homeland, the meetings with the Western
writer Mo Yan revelation for a lot, it stimulates the creation of Mo
Yan in the France using new art creates a unique batch of expressions
for the work.
2.2. The premise of traditional culture in Mo Yan novels
2.2.1. Hometown Shandong - Gaomi
Hometown Shandong is one of the cradles of Chinese civilization.
Hometown of the great luminaries, the heroes ... raised from such a


-11cultural environment has an impact on cultural and spiritual Mo Yan.
Gaomi Region - Northeast China is the backdrop for most of his
extraordinary novel. Writers assimilate the joys, sorrows of Gaomi
with joy, the sorrow of mankind.
Gaomi lands became milk line nurturing literary talent Mo Yan.
Reading his work, the reader easily see soil vapor concentration
anonymously direction countryside and deep love can not melt between
him with "blood-earth" Northeast Gaomi.
2.2.2. Backgrounds
From composition of Mo Yan came, we saw in him many points of
interest. He was the youngest in a family with four siblings, born poor
farmers. 11 years in primary school he had to drop out of school to
earn a living. A whole string of childhood days Mo Yan associated

with poor destitute. When a writer Mo Yan appear before readers with
a human image idyllic, rustic and always conscious every time writer.
Therefore, his work "filled with secular views". Besides, childhood,
and intellectual soul is nourished by writer lot stories of grandparents.
We can say, families with folk stories are rough to his archives
used in their art.
2.2.3. Chinese traditional cultural beliefs
As one of the countries with a long tradition, the cradle of human
civilization, the convergence of local lines of thought as well as from
outside the line of thought introduced as Confucian, Buddhist, Taoist,
China has many rich traditions and unique. It is also a land of breath
crystallizing Eastern spirituality through the Confucian doctrine with
feudal ideology to prevail in people's lives, the Buddhist doctrine with
spiritual confidence in the karmic reincarnation, evil with evil, it was


-12fantastic world of virtual scene Taoist thought. The main factors
ideological and cultural traditions have a significant impact to Mo
Yan's pen.
2.3. Premise modern culture in Mo Yan novels
2.3.1. The issue of globalization and the world cultural exchange
Globalization is a concept used to describe the change in society
are created by linkages, exchange and interaction among countries or
organizations and individuals, in all angles of the economic life
political, social, cultural ... Hoa on his general trend, China now also
open to absorb the cultural movements, literature in the world, it
creates a boom literature University in China under the motto of Deng
Xiaoping thought "Really and demand, freeing thoughts, reform and
opening up".
2.3.2. The change in the modern art of China

So far, China has undergone three cultural renaissance times, each
time undergoing renaissance Chinese culture flourishes special. In
Congress writers 4th nationally in 1979 Deng Xiaoping declared "untie"
the arts have created new possibilities for composing. Cognitive process
thought to Mao Zedong's cultural innovation processes to reorient
politics and art under the motto of Deng Xiaoping: Liberation thought,
really and demand, reform and opening up appear movement
"blooming, hundreds of hours racing." Because of the orientation of
cultural paths led to the prosperity of Chinese literature
2.3.3. The influence of the market economy.
Under the influence of the reform and opening up, the introduction
of Western culture, the economy - Chinese society there are strong
changes, cultural exchanges expanded, economic development,


-13technology information explosion made people more closely together.
But the flip side of it is the risk of the consumer society will abolish,
change the values of traditional culture. In her social circumstances,
Mo Yan was the Thin face it, reflect it honestly, with talent and his
desire to bring his Chinese novel a unique taste.
Chapter 2 conclusion:
Mo Yan novel always has the clever combination between Chinese
traditional culture and modern western culture it personal imprints of
writers and full of novelty. The confluence of the source of this
culture on the one hand rooted in traditional cultural capital of China
combined with the backgrounds and the place where the writer was
born. On the other hand, it is also a result of the trend of globalization
and the cultural exchanges in the world, and also to talk to the
leadership of cultural ways of Communist Party of China. All these
elements constitute the cultural imprint East - West in fiction writers.

CHAPTER 3: The symbolization in Mo Yan's novels
from the perspective of interculture
3.1. Concept and cultural symbols
3.1.1. Symbol
Currently, depending on the angle from which people give
different definitions of symbols to suit their field of study. Whether
standing at different angles to recognize the symbol, but the
researchers have the same views on the following symbols: Icon is an


-14image of the world around us, is the perception we perceive it. Thus,
the symbolism is subjective awareness of the subject of object
perception.
3.1.2. Cultural symbol
To understand this concept, we are pleased to invoke the notion of
cultural icon that Tran Le Bao researchers described and analyzed
very carefully in the process of identifying symbols with other
concepts, which see nature and function of the symbol: "Symbols are
countless cultural image of the invisible or visible as a broker or
intermediary language to help people recognize a certain cultural
content"
Therefore, cross-cultural symbols are symbols used in many
different ethnic communities, there may be some similarities in terms
of connotation, meaning when put into explaining a phenomenon or a
certain thing . But, also in each different ethnic connotation symbol
dissimilar meanings.
3.2. Mo Yan novels - a world symbols of intercultural richness
Step into the world of Mo Yan's novel, the reader realizes world
cultural symbols present in concentrate compositions. The world was

a face icon is the continuation of traditional Chinese culture, on the
other hand is the product of personal experience writer during
exposure to Western literature of the author. If you like traditional
Chinese culture affects writers in building closer symbols associated
with traditional Chinese people, the reunion with the West have
stimulated creativity of Mo Yan in the building the new artistic
method, unique to build up the icon.


-15Based on the popular beliefs as well as content and symbolic fields
that reflect the world can see the icon in Mo Yan's novel is very rich
and diverse, as evidenced calculated specifically for intercultural
novel writer. Can see Mo Yan's novel contains many hidden symbols
include icons related to the field of material such as food, clothing,
housing.... Symbols related to the spiritual life, such as religion,
beliefs, customs and habits,... There are all symbols of fertility,
symbol of evil, a symbol of romantic dreams, symbols of
architecture, ...
World icon in Mo Yan's novel is very rich. The classification
symbols of his novel into a work group is not easy. The thesis can not
understand all the symbolism that only selected and go deep into the
typical icon, used repeatedly, with high symbolic significance to
analyze and learn. In Chapter 3 we will go to decode some typical
symbols such as sago symbol, dream symbol, symbol udder, frog icon.
3.3. Some typical cultural symbols in Mo Yan novels
3.3.1. Sago symbols
3.3.1.1. Sorghum - The symbol for the Chinese people's lives
In the work, sorghum appears nearly 700 times and is described in
various angles. Sorghum was associated with people's lives, it is a
source of food to feed them. Not only that, with people Gaomi,

sorghum also has soul and emotions, understand happiness and human
suffering, love and anger, sago become the "sacred and lively" .
Apparently, life is life sago humans, sorghum and sorghum fields
always travel and associated with major events in the life of the
protagonist.
3.3.1.2. Sorghum - symbol for nature, the human spirit in the new era


-16Sorghum is not only the symbol of human life, sago also symbolizes
the human personality in the new era. That is the spirit of aggression
and fighting spirit of protest, dared to break all the barriers of society.
Iconic sorghum, like people Gaomi indomitable tenacity to stand up
against the enemy. Besides, the character of Red Sorghum appeared
full of personality, mettle, live saucy, upbeat as the high tops straight
salary, although subject to much suffering and loss but still desire to
live, desire rise, always toward the sun like Dai Phuong Lien desire to
escape all constraints of the secular, every yoke of enemies to reach out
to the future, to the sky, free love, happiness.
3.3.2.Breast symbol
3.3.2.1. Breast - symbol of traditional beliefs of fertilazation
Breasts are one of the typical fertility symbol, meant to symbolize
the proliferation of the species, is the god gifted body of the woman.
Through the depiction of genitals with sensitive part of the human, Mo
Yan wanted to show the traditional notion consuming healthy level of
folklore
In his novels, Mo Yan has used two images "butt" and "breast" to
symbolize fertility. Images of the breast "is not only beautiful, not
only brings life, brings pleasure, but even more profoundly a spiritual
cult, a religion primitive fertility".
3.3.2.2. Breast - a symbol for flawless beauty of the human

Pictures breasts appear in Big Breasts and Wide Hips with
astonishing frequency over 800 times. The beauty of your breasts look
and metamorphosis under the "experience" of Kim Dong. The daughter
of Shanghai Quan though each person in her bloodstream different


-17fathers but they are inherited physical beauty of the mother and the
traditional "big breasts butt hatch".
Develop breasts - the symbol for human beauty, Mo Yan is not
only influenced by the ideological and cultural traditions of China, but
also have to mention the influence of Western culture as new schools
of art feeling enhance the perception of the senses intuition. Kim
Dong longing for female breasts are not sexual purposes. His hobby is
going, looking about, worshiped the eternal beauty.
3.3.2.3. Breast - symbol for the protection of mothers
Udder not sexual in nature but it is also a symbol, symbolizing
femininity, contained praise for the students value - the love, care and
protection of motherhood.
Traditional angle, udder with fresh sweet milk line embodies the
support and regeneration. Lu mother's milk flow is their major source
market for 9 children and later her grandchildren. In the work, the breast
symbolizes beauty female body "is beauty to people contemplate", but
not the only writer comes to gender implications. It is the metaphor of
the great mother, not just the mother's life is more than the country, is
home.
3.3.3. Symbol of Frog
3.3.3.1. frog - symbol for the proliferation, proliferation and revival
Novel frog is beginning and end are shown in the image
reproduction and revival. Frog is a symbol of traditional beliefs, for
the proliferation, proliferation of species. Frog croaking "... oa oa" as

faint cries of children, like the fetus in the womb. Thus, the title and
content of the work elicited symbolize human beings, especially the
children in the birth control policy plan.


-183.3.3.2. Frog - symbol for destruction
Frog is a symbol not only of the proliferation under the traditional
notion that this symbol also means new, is a symbol of the destruction
of the result of birth control policy 30-year plan in China. So, cover
the frog is the loss, traumatic, painful reality, the consequences of
hunger and the family planning policy in China as "two consecutive
years, both the social and forty villages where I do not have any child
at birth ".
3.3.4. Dream symbols
3.3.4.1. Dream - the obsessions visualized in real life
Mo Yan novel opens non-food space, contains numerous
extraordinary things, bizarre. Dream of the characters express desires,
dreams that real life can not be satisfied. It is the dream of Kim Dong
(Big Breasts and Wide Hips), the dream of Mi Nuong (Sandalwood
picture), Ly Ngoc Thien (Cross triangle sets), ... Icon dream dreams in
Mo Yan's novel makes us remember the of surrealism Western the
early twentieth century and psychoanalysis with the unconscious
thoughts of S. Freud personally.
3.3.4.2. Dream - the hidden corners of the soul and personality
Mo Yan has so many characters sink into dream time for seeking
liberation from the viewpoint of S. Freud. Space dreams in Mo Yan's
novel reveals the hidden face filled us with the inner character: it is
the desire not to be satisfied, the guilt when awakened, the longing
that was repressed, ... Space and time almost surreal, ethereal, is the
basis that a space is the real - psychological space, mind space, to

explore the human side of people thereby expanding the space of the
inner world.


-19Chapter 3 conclusion:
Mo Yan is one of the contemporary Chinese writers have artistic
breakthrough success. Especially the artistic creativity in building a
haunting symbol. In it, the icon as Sorghum, breast, breaststroke,
dream, be repeated with huge symbolic significance. World icons that
clearly indicate intercultural calculated by writers clever combination
between the original meaning, tradition with a new sense of the times
that the writer put on the symbol.

CHAPTER 4: Characters in Mo Yan's novel from
the perspective of interculture
4.1. The concept of character in novels
Literary character is an aesthetic phenomenon taking conventions,
it appears in the works of extremely vivid, sometimes human,
sometimes non-human characters such as animals or even objects.
Although appearing in the work in any mode, it also offers a means to
help writers express the aesthetic conception of man and life.
4.2. World characters in Mo Yan's novels from interculture
World characters in Mo Yan's novel is extremely rich, he has
created in his novels a character world unreality tinged with the
endless human period, genius, courage period, grace period, Any form
heterosexual world chess ... it's just tinged with a surreal, mystical,
magic has brought the appearance of the modern character of thinking,
thinking and acting. From the genius who brought many abnormal
factors such as Kim Dong, South Bird (Big Breasts and Wide Hips),

-20La Primary Communication (41 gossip), Zhao Jia (Sandalwood
figure); Women who dare to pass the customary laws of feudal rites
for their own gain as Upper live Quan Lu Thi and the girls home
magistrates (Big Breasts and Wide Hips), Mi Nuong (Sandalwood
picture), Dai Phuong Contact (Red Sorghum); The characters
disguised, transfiguration, incarnation as First Consul Fairy Bird (Big
Breasts and Wide Hips), the extreme animal life incarnation of the
West door (Live fall waterfall exiled), ... Can be seen, through the
vision of people from cross-cultural perspective, in which the
characters just ideological influence Chinese traditional culture but
also very modern thinking, modern thinking about. Mo Yan has
expressed an artistic conception of man profoundly humane.
4.3. Some type of intercultural character in Mo Yan novels
4.3.1. Genius characters
Character style "genius" we find the character: Any referee Kim
Dong (Big Breasts and Wide Hips) have the ability to feel special
about the woman's breasts, South Bird (Big Breasts and Wide Hips)
have the ability to communicate with animals, La Primary
Communication (41 gossip) can be integrated into communication,
chat with meat, artisan Overbearing Great Prime (frog) capable
squeeze dolls soulful creatures as true in life.
Characters genius in Mo Yan's novel is the first serial character
format miracle in the traditional novel about the origins of life, the
concept of beauty looks, ... However, we see genius character a serial
face miraculous character in the form of literary tradition, on the other
hand to form the character of both the literary reception fanciful Latin
America, and the consciousness of modern man.

-21-

4.3.2. Heroes
In the world of multi-layered character and complexity that can not
fail to mention iconic heroes - those who are considered heroes in my
time of social chaos with characters Archives Sima (Big Breasts and
Wide Hips) Sun Bing (Sandalwood pictured), from Occupy Mastiff
(Red Sorghum).
When building the hero, Mo Yan is not modeling the hero
characters such as the traditional concept of Chinese culture that has
much new. Thereby, literature is no longer the mirror of history one
more way that it merely reflects the dark side of history, showing
reflections, concerns about the position of human nature and history
required be aware of it.
4.3.3. Characters incarnation, masquerading
Style personified character typically found in traditional Chinese
literature. Incarnation is a different variation of the comedy inherent
truth, personified also called morphing. What kind of character cloaked
in Mo Yan novel exists in three forms: the first carriers in human form
(in living animals fall waterfall exile), the second is the character's
clothing (cold to the Big Breasts and Wide Hips) the third was the other
person's clothing (Phu Quy Phuong Truong Chain Bridge and the Cross
three sets).
The character is the human metamorphosis is legendary cultural,
cultural metamorphosis. The "period" was created on the basis of birth
as origins, attitudes, actions, behavior character ... for the surrounding
social environment. These strange characters that usually nest in the
light of the divine, thanks little elves little direction, carrying the

-22imprint from the exit of the legendary Pregnant, mythology. But also
brings the characters slightly transfigured in modern literature.
4.3.4. Woman characters
Woman has always occupied an important position in Mo Yan's
novel, in some novels, women occupy a central role as Big Breasts
and Wide Hips, Red Sorghum, frogs, ...
Woman in Mo Yan novel traits of traditional Chinese women from
looks to personality, thoughts and actions. However, the woman in
one hand Mo Yan novel to follow the customary laws of feudal
society, but on the other hand they are struggling to get rid of her
customary law.
Chapter 4 conclusion:
World characters in novels Mo Yan extremely large, diverse
outlined the "true face" of society. In terms of character building intercultural, Mo Yan's novel does not stop the kind of character we
mentioned above, but also the type, form groups and other characters.
Song-style genius character, heroes, incarnate character, and character
disguised woman was the type of character that Mo Yan pens invest
effort and most powerful. The figure was the result of a process of
writers experience combined with the unique creation, evolution of
Mo Yan in writing.

CONCLUSION


-23Through the process of understanding characteristic of Mo Yan
novel intercultural perspective, we draw some initial conclusions
follow:
1. The main scientific conclusions:
1.1. In songwriting journey, Mo Yan has always adhere to the
national cultural roots to return and beyond folk but always catch up

by age thought to turn the cultural and artistic value out University of
work. Thus, his work both close to the East but readers are not
unfamiliar to Western readers as well as countries around the world.
1.2. Each nation has its own cultural imprint and the imprint that to
create is a symbol. In his novel Mo Yan has built up a rich symbolism
with wild symbol, a symbol of human, religious symbols, fertility
symbols, ... These are symbolic connotations, which may the original
layer primitive meaning, probably meaning countless writers created
from the original meaning, would be a significant new discovery
readers beyond the intention of the author.
1.3. Mo Yan has used a clever way the elements of folklore and
modern western culture to build character. With this combination, Mo
Yan has built models of intercultural character: genius characters,
heroes, incarnate character, disguised, and women characters, thereby
transforming writer download your most favorite things, reflections,
concerns and experiences of themselves in work to create an unique
character, diversity and connotations.
1.4. Study on Mo Yan-cultural perspective not only help discover
misteris of Chinese writers deeper and more comprehensively, but also
shed light on many issues of interculture in "the flat world", while


-24contribute to the teaching of Chinese contemporary literature, learn
more about literary creation to become the unique literary cultural
phenomena.
1.5. Mo Yan with a rich imagination, emotional expression has
generated great literary masterpieces really. The result gave him many
prestigious awards. However, Mo Yan is not therefore feel satisfied to
then compromise themselves with ourselves, we still see beyond the
end of Mo Yan is a diligent, passionate, serious work. Finally I want to

end by saying thesis of Mo Yan: "Forget all the awards, the highest
choice of writers."
2. Research approaches
2.1. We perform intercultural studies by comparing the similarities
and differences between Mo Yan and Vietnamese writers as well as
other scholars around the world.
2.2. Studies and analysis on differences in interculture of medivial
writers and modern writers through the history of interculture in
literature. . So differences in intercultural in ancient writers with
intercultural fish present writer like.