Giáo án Tiếng Anh 8 unit 16: Inventions

Giáo án Tiếng anh lớp 8.
UNIT 16 :

INVENTIONS
Lesson : 1

Section:

- Getting started

- Listen and read

I. Aim
Practice reading for details about the development of paper and how to
produce chocolate .
II. Objective
By the end of the lesson , Ss will be able to know the origin of paper and talk
about the process of producing something .
III. Teaching aids:
Posters , cassette , realia , chart , pictures , grid chart .
PROCEDURE
I / Warm up : Quiz – Who did it ?
- Divide the class into 2 teams .
- Tell Ss the team raising theirt hands first will have the right to answer the
question
- Inform the questions
“ Who was the inventor of ......?
or “ Who invented .....................?
• Suggestions :
1. Steam engine -> Thomas Savery built the first steam engine in 1698 and
later Watt improved it

2. Light bulb - > HumphryDavy , an English scientist , in 1800 .
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3. Sewing machine -> Issac Meritt Singer ( 1850 )
4. Aqualung -> Jacques – Yves Cousteau in 1943.
5. Telephone -> A .Graham Bell .
 Lead into the new lesson .
II / Pre- reading : Introduce the topic of the passage reading and some new words
to Ss .
1. Pre- teach Vocabulary :
- to remove

use a flowchart and Vietnamese to

- to crush

elicit words

- to liquefy

1-> 2-> 3-> 4

- to grind
- to manufacture = to produce
- a process – manufacturing process
- a mold ( realia / picture )
- conveyor belt ( picture )

+ Have Ss copy in their note books .
• Checking vocabulary :

Slap the board

2. Open predictions :
- Set the scene “ Tim jones , Hoa,s American pen pal , is visiting a chocolate
factory with his class and his teaher . Mrs . Allen. Now , guess who will show them
around the factory and what they will learn from the visit . ?
- Ask ss to work in groups to predict .
- Collect their predictions and write them on the board .
III / While- reading :
1. Checking the their predictions
- Play the tape and ask Ss to listen while reading the dialogue
( 2 times )
- Have them correct their predictions and give feedback
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2. Matching :
- Ask ss to match the half sentences
- Play the tape again ( 3 times ) and have Ss compare their answer with their
pictures .
- Call on Ss to give their answers for the class .
- Give feedback and correct
Answer Key :
E a) The beans are cleaned before being cooked
D b) Mr . Roberts thought Tim and Sam were going to touch the button .

C c) After cooking , the cooa bean smell like chocolate
F d) Sugar is one of the ingredients in chocolate
B e ) Mrs . Allen warned Sam to leave some chocolate for others .
A f) A sample of chocolate is given after visitors have toured the factory .
=> Call on some pairs to read the dialogue in front of class .
- Correct mistakes if any .
- Get ss to write the full sentences in their exercise notebooks .
IV / Post - reading :
1 . Grid :
- Put the grid on the board and have Ss copy .
- Ask ss to read the dialogue again and fill in the grid .
chocolate manufacturing process

Answer Key :
1. The beans are washed , weighed and cooked .
2. The shells are removed .
3. The beans are crushed and liquefied
4. Cocoa butter , sugar , vanilla and milk are added .
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5. The mixture is ground , rolled and pound into the molds
- Call on some pairs to go the board to write their answers .
- Give feedback and correct .
2. Rewrite the grid using sequence markers
( First , next , then ..., finally )
V/ Homework :
1. Learn by hear new words and write two line for each one .

2. Copy the write in their notebooks .
3. Do the exercises in the workbook .
4. Prepare the next lesson.

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UNIT 16 :

INVENTIONS

Lesson : 2
Section:

- SPEAK + LISTEN

I. Aim
Futher practice in using the passive.
II. Objective
By the end of the lesson , Ss will be able to talk about the inventions using
the passive .
III. Teaching aids: tables
PROCEDURE
I / Warm up : :

Bingo

- Get Ss to brainstorm a list of 10 words and write them on the board .

foreman . process , manufacture , remove , crush , liquefy , grind , pour , mold ,
conveyor belt
- Ask ss to choose any 4 words and copy them into their paper .
- Call out the words until someone has ticked all of his / her words and shouts “
Bingo “
II / Pre- speaking : Introduce the topic of the speaking and some new words to
students .
1. Pre-teach Vocabulary :
- Have ss study the meanings of the inventions using Vietnamese .
1. Facsimile
2. Reinforced concrete
3. Microphone
4. Loudspeaker
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5. Helicopter
* Checking vocabulary :

Which words

2. Grammar Awareness
- Ask ss to read the dialogue / 148 again and pick out all of the passive sentences .
- Call on Ss to give their answer .
- Have ss review the passive in the present and past simple tenses .
Answer Key :
1. This is where the cocoa beans are stored ( present simple )
2. That button can not be touched ( passive with model )

3. The beans are washed , weighed and cooked here .
4. After the shells are removed ... into molds .
III / While- Speaking :
1. Practice :

Word- Cue Drill

- Have Ss read the model dialogue on 149
- Let Ss know what they are going to do :
Ask and answer questions about the inventions to fill in the missing information
- Ask ss to look at the tables on 150 and 156 and model the exchanges , using a
good student .
- Have Ss work in pairs , one looks at the table / 150 and the other / 156 .
- Ask Ss to ask and answer the questions orally then fill in the missing information
- Go around and assist Ss if necessary
- Call on some pairs to demonstrate the exchanges .
- Give feedback and correct .
- Have Ss copy the complete table .
Invention
Printing Press
Bicycle

Date
1810
1816

Inventor
Friedrich Koenig
Karl D.
Sanerbronn

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Nationality
German
German


Facsimile
Sewing machine
Reinforced

1843
1845
1849

Alexander Bain
Elias Howe
F.J . Monier

English
American
French

concrete
Microphone
X-ray
Loudspeaker

Helicopter
Color TV

1878
1895
1924
1939
1950

D.E Hughes
Wilhel Konarad
C.W.Rice
Igor Sikorsky
Peter Carl Gold

American
German
American
American
American

mark
Optical fiber
1955 Narinder Kapany
Laser
1958 Gordon Gould
IV / Post - speaking : Making reports

German
American

- Model and have Ss repeat
Example : The Printing Press was invented by Friedrich Koenig in 1810.
- Ask Ss to use the complete table to report what they have found .
V / Pre-listening : Introduce the topic of the listening and some new words to
students .
1. Pre-teach vocabulary :
- Procedure (n) ( Translation )
- Pulp (nu)

-> What is used to make paper ?

- Vat (n) ( picture / drawing )
- to drain = to make something empty or dry by removing all the liquid from it )
- Roller (n) ( picture )
- Roll (n)

( realia )

=> Have Ss copy .
VI / While -listening :
Gap fill ( Listen 1 )
- Inform the topic : Paper – making process .
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- Have Ss read the sentences .
- Play the tape 2 or 3 times and ask ss to fill in the gaps with the words they

catch .
- Ask ss to compare their answers with their partners .
- Call on Ss to give their answers .
Answer Key :
1. simple

2. same 3. two hundred

4 left

5. rollers

- Call on some Ss to read the complete sentences in front of class .
VII / Post - reading :
Ordering Prediction ( Listen 2 )
- Ask ss to read the sentences (a-> g ) carefully and guess the order .
- Ask Ss to work in groups to predictions
- Collect their predictions and write their predictions on the board .
- Play the tape again and ask Ss to listen.
- Call on Ss to give their correction .
- Give feedback and correct :
Answer key :
c. Paper pulp was placed in the vat .
d. Paper pulp was mixed with water .
a. The water was drained .
e. The pulp fibers were poured out .
g. The pulp was conveyed under the rollers .
f. The fibers were smoothed and pressed dry .
b. The paper was put on a roll .
=> Call on some Ss to read the complete sentences aloud .

- Get them to copy their notebooks .
VIII/ Homework :
1. Learn by heart new words and write two lines for each one .
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2. Use the information in the table to write 12 sentences in the notebooks .
3. Prepare the next lesson.

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UNIT 16 :

INVENTIONS

Lesson : 3
Section:

- Read

I. Aim
Listening and reading for information about paper making & inventions
II. Objective
By the end of the lesson , Ss will be able to fill in the gaps and order
sentences from listening.

III. Teaching aids:

cassette , , chart , pictures ..
PROCEDURE

I / Warm up and pre-teach :
Brainstorming
Microwave

Household
Appliances

( May be write the names of the things in Vietnamese )
 Remark and introduce some new words in English :
- Microwave (n) : vi sóng
- Vacuum (n)

: máy hut bụi

- Toaster (n)

:máy nướng bánh mì

- Have Ss copy
* Checking vocabulary :

Bingo

- Get Ss to brainstorm a list of 10 new words and write them on the board .
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- Have Ss choose any 4/5 words and copy them into their paper - Call out the
words until someone has ticked all of their words and shout “ Bingo “ and wins .
( microwave , vacuum , hairdryer , dishwasher , telephone , toaster , washing
machine

, ... )

II/ While- reading : Matching
- Get Ss to read the poem / 151
- Ask some questions to help them understand the reading more .
+ What is the first verse about ?
+ Is the second verse about the appliances used in the kitchen ?
+ What are “ doom , chugga-chug , vroom , boom ?
- Have Ss match the headings to the verses / 152 .
- Call on Ss to give their answers .
- Give feedback and correct .
Answer key :
Verse 1 : b. Appliances that cooked food .
Verse 2 : c. Appliances that clean or dry things .
Verse 3: a . Instrument invented by Alexander Graham Bell .
- Get Ss to copy in their notebooks .
III/ Post - reading :

Gap fill

- Tell Ss to read the sentences carefully and fill the gaps with the inventions taken

from the poems .
- Have ss compare their answers with their partners .
- Call on ss to give their answer and correct
Answer key :
1. Vacuum

2. Telephone

3. Washing machine

4. Microwave

5. Hair dryer

6. Toaster

- Call on some ss to read the complete sentences aloud .
- Have Ss copy their notebooks .
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IV / Homework :
1. Learn by heart all the things they have learnt and copy in their notebooks .
2. Do the exercises in the workbook.
3. Prepare the next lesson .

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UNIT 16 :

INVENTIONS

Lesson : 4
Section:

- Write

I. Aim
Futher practice in using the sequence markers.
II. Objective
By the end of the lesson , Ss will be able to use the sequence markers to
describe a manufacturing procedure .
III. Teaching aids: cassette , pictures , cardboards ...
PROCEDURE
I / Warm up :

Jumbled words

- Put the cardboards with jumbles words on the board .
- Inform the topic : words related to papermaking procedure :
1. lppu

= pulp

2. llreor

= roller

3. moreer

= remove

4. darni

= drain

5. berif ver = fibre
- Ask each group to write their answer on a piece of paper to hand in .
=> Lead in the new lesson .
II / Pre - writing : Introduce the topic of the writing and some new words to
students .
1. Pre-teach vocabulary :
- a log ( n) : a thick piece of wood that is cut from a tree .
- to flatten = to make sth become flat
- to refine = lọc , làm tinh khiết
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- chemically ( adv ) = treated in a chemical process
=> Have Ss copy .
* Checking vocabulary : What and where
2. Gap fill :
- Ask ss to read the text / 152 and fill in the gaps with the right sequence markers to

describe the procedure of paper - making .
- Ask Ss some question to check if they understand the text
+ What is cut into chips ?
+ What are chips mixed with before they are crushed to heavy pulp ?
+ Why is the pulp passed through rollers ?
+ What is the last step in paper – making ?
- Call on some ss to read the completed sentences .
Give feedback and correct
Answer Key :
1. First

2. Then

3. Next

4 . After this

5. Then

6. Finally

3. Ordering Pictures
- Have Ss look at the pictures / 153
- Ask ss to think of the process of chocolate – making and put the pictures in the
correct order .
- Call on some pairs to give their answers .
- Ask Ss to listen to check if their answers are correct or not .
- Read the statements aloud .
1.d The fruit harvest is fermented for 3 to 9 days to kill the beans and turn them
brown .

2. a The beans are dried in the sun .
3. e The beans are cleared in special machines
4. c The beans are roasted to bring out the chocolate flavor .
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5. b They are shelled and ground to produce chocolate liquor .
6. f The liquor is made into chocolate candy or cocoa powder
- Give feedback and correct
Answer Key :
6 -2 - 4 -1- 5- 3
III / While - writing :
- Ask Ss to rearrange the sentences / 153 according to the ordered pictures .
- Call on Ss to give their answer
Answer key :
1.d 2. a 3. e 4. c 5. b 6. f
- Have Ss use the sequence makers to link the sentences together in a paragraph .
- Go around and help Ss if necessary .
- Call on some Ss to read their writing for the class .
- Give feedback and correct .
=> Have Ss copy .
- Call on some Ss to read the complete sentences aloud .
IV / Post- writing :
Write from the following sets of words and phrases , complete which together
describe the process of making Ice - cream . You can make all the necessary
changes and additions . a) First / basic ingredients / be pored / tank
b) Then / be mixed / thorough ( hoàn toàn , kĩ lưỡng )
c) Next / mixture / be cooled and piped / freezing tank .

d) Then / be beaten until smooth / and nuts or fruits / added .
e) After this / be packed / containers .
f) Finally / be kept / refrigerated room until / hard .
- Ask ss to work in groups .
- Collect their writings to show in front of class .
- Correct mistakes and ask them to copy in their notebooks .
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V / Homework :
1. Learn by heart all new words and copy in their notebooks .
2. Rewrite their writings in their notebooks .
3. Prepare the next lesson .

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UNIT 16 :

INVENTIONS

Lesson : 5
Section:

- Language Focus

I. Aim
Futher practice in using the passive.
II. Objective
By the end of the lesson , Ss will be able to change active sentences into
passive ones and write WH – questions in the passive .
III. Teaching aids: cardboards ...
PROCEDURE
I / Warm up :

:

Pelmanism

- Inform the topic : Infinitive - Past participle
- Didive the class into 2 teams
Infinitive

Past participle

Write

Written

Draw

Drawn
Sell

Sold

Win

Won

Run

Run

II / Language focus :
1. Presentation :
* Pre teach vocabulary :
- to run a business / company = to be in charge of something
- around the corner = very near
- due to =because of
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- flood (n)
Ex: There might be flood when it rains heavily for days .
- Zipper

( Realia )

- Xerograph ( translation )
+ Have Ss copy .
• Checking vocabulary :

Run a

business

Xerograph

Slap the board

Around the
corner

Flood

Due to
Zipper

- Have Ss review how to change an active sentences into a passive one .
2. Practice :
2.1 Language focus 1 :
- Have Ss do exercise 1 / 154
- Call on some Ss to give their answers orally for the class .
- Get some Ss to go to the board and write the sentences .
- Give feedback and correct
Answer Key :
a) The document was typed by Mrs Quyen .
b) The computer was repaired by Mr . Nhan
c) The picture was drawn by Ba .
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d) The lights were turned off by Hoa .
e) The cake was baked by Lan .
2.2 . Language focus 2 :
- Have Ss do exercise 2
- Ask Ss to compare their answers .
- Call on some ss to give their answers orally then ask them to go to the board and
write the sentences .
- Give feedback and correct .
Answer Key :
a) ... was awarded ...
b) ... won ...
c) ... ran ...
d) was run ... / was sold ...
e) ... was closed or closed
2.3 Language focus 3 :
- Have Ss do exercise 3
- Go through the underlined words with Ss before have them write questions .
Eg :
a) The zipper -> What
b) Maize -> What
in the 16th century -> When ..
c) by Lewis Waterman -> Who
d) in Hungry -> where
e) in coping machines -> in which machine .
- Have some ss to give their answers in front of the class .
- Give feedback and correct .
`Answer Key :
a) What was invented by W.L Judson in 1893 ?
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b) What was brought into Vietnam by Phung Khac Khoan ? When was maize
brought into Vietnam ?
c) Who invented the fountain pen ? When was the fountain pen invented ?
d) Where was the ballpoint pen invented ?
e) In which machine is xerography widely used ?
2.4 Language focus 4 :
- Ask Ss to use the pictures and the word cues to write a description of how white
rice is produced in the traditional way , using the sequence markers .
- Have Ss complete the sentences orally first .
- Ask Ss to write the paragraph in their exercise notebook .
- Monitor while Ss are writing and help them if necessary .
- Call on some Ss to read their writing .
- Give feedback and correct .
First , the rice crop is harvested , Then the rice plants are threshed . Next ( After
this ) , the rice grains are husked in the mill to produce brown rice . After this , the
bran is removed in the mortar and it is finally winnowed to produce white rice .
III / Homework :
1. Change the sentences in language focus 3 into the active
Ex : 1. W.L Judson invented the zipper in 1893 .
2. Redo the exercises ( 1,2,4 ) in their notebooks .
3. Prepare the next lesson .

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UNIT 16 :

CONSOLIDATION

Lesson : 5
Section:

- Language Focus

I. Aim
Futher practice in using the passive.
II. Objective
By the end of the lesson , Ss will be able to summarize the basic knowledge
they have learnt in the second semester .
III. Teaching aids: Cardboards , posters ...
PROCEDURE
=.> Introduce the contents of the lesson to students
I / Grammar :
1/ Câu bị động
Câu bị động được sử dụng nhằm để nhấn mạnh vào hành động của tân ngữ
chứ không nhấn mạnh vào hành động của chủ ngữ trong câu chủ động.
be + P2
Phương pháp chuyển đổi từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động.
- Đưa tân ngữ của câu chủ động lên làm chủ ngữ. Trong trường hợp nếu có 2 tân
ngữ ( 1 trực tiếp, 1 gián tiếp), muốn nhấn mạnh vào tân ngữ nào thì người ta đưa nó
lên làm chủ ngữ
( nhưng thưòng là tân ngữ gián tiếp làm chủ ngữ).
Ví dụ:
I gave him a book.
hay I gave a book to him.

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Trong câu này book là tân ngữ trực tiếp, him là tân ngữ gián tiếp, ta đổi:
He was given a book by me.
- Thời của động từ ở câu bị động phải tuân theo thời của động từ ở câu chủ động.
- Đặt by + tân ngữ mới đằng sau tất cả các tân ngữ khác.
- to be made, to be made of được làm bằng - chỉ một vật được làm bằng 1 thứ
nguyên vật liệu.
This table is made of wood.
- to be made from: được làm bằng - chỉ một vật được làm bằng 2 thứ nguyên vật
liệu trở lên.
- to be made out of: được làm bằng ( dùng cho thực phẩm)
This cake is made out of flour, egg, butter and sugar.
- Mọi biến đổi về thời và thể đều nhằm vào động từ to be, còn phân từ 2 giữ
nguyên (xem các công thức dưới đây.)
Simple present hay simple past
am
is
are

+ [verb in past participle]

was
were
Chủ động : Hurricanes destroy a great deal of property each year.
Subject

present

complement

Bị động : A great deal of property is destroyed by hurricanes each year.
singular subject

be past participle

Chủ động : The tornado destroyed thirty houses.
Subject

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past

complement

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Bi động : Thirty houses were destroyed by the tornado.
plural subject

be

past participle

present progressive hay Past progressive
am

is
are

+ being + [verb in past participle]

was
were
Chủ động : The committee is considering several new proposals.
Subject

present progressive

complement

Bị động : Several new proposals are being considered by the committee.
plural subject

auxiliary

be

past participle

Chủ động : The committee was considering several new proposals.
Subject

past progressive

complement

Bị động : Several new proposals were being considered by the committee.
plural subject

auxiliary

be

past participle

present perfect hay Past perfect
has
have

+ been + [verb in past participle]

had
Chủ động: The company has ordered some new equipment.
subject

present perfect

complement

Bị động : Some new equipment has been ordered by the company.
Singular subject

auxiliary

be past participle

Chủ động : The company had ordered some new equipment before the strike began.
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subject

past perfect

complement

Bị động : Some new equipment had been ordered by the company before the strike
began.
Singular subject

auxiliary be

past participle

Động từ khiếm khuyết (modal)
modal + be + [ verb in past participle]
Chủ động : The manager should sign these contracts today.
Subject

modal + verb

complement

Bị động : These contracts should be signed by the manager today.

Subject

modal

be past participle

modal + perfect
modal + have + been + [ verb in past
participle]
Chủ động: Somebody should have called the president this morning.
Subject

modal + perfect

complement

Bị động : The president should have been called this morning.
2/ Mệnh lệnh thức trực tiếp.
Mệnh lệnh thức trực tiếp là câu mà một người ra lệnh cho một người khác làm việc
gì đó. Nó có thể có please đi trước. Chủ ngữ được hiểu là you. Sử dụng dạng đơn
giản của động từ (Nguyên thể bỏ to).
Ví dụ:
Close the door.

Open the window.

Leave the room.

Pay your rent.

Please turn off the light.

Be quiet.

Dạng mệnh lệnh thức phủ định được thành lập nhờ cộng thêm don’t trước động từ.
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Don’t close the door.
Please don’t turn off the light.
Don’t open the window, please.
( Please có thể đứng đầu hoặc cuối câu mệnh lệnh thức làm cho câu trở nên lịch sự
hơn).
Mệnh lệnh thức gián tiếp.
Thường dùng với 4 động từ sau:
to order
to ask
to tell

sb to do sth
( not to do sth )

to say
Ví dụ:
John told Mary to close the door.
Jack asked Jill to turn off the light.
The teacher told Christopher to open the window.
Please tell Jaime to leave the room.

John ordered Bill to close his book.
The policeman ordered the suspect to be quiet.
Lưu ý:
Đuôi của Let’s ...., shall we.
Ví dụ:
Let’s go out for lunch, shall we?
Khác với let us trong câu mệnh lệnh thức.
Ví dụ:
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