6 raymond a serway, john w jewett physics for scientists and engineers with modern physics 01

Pedagogical Color Chart
Mechanics
Displacement and
position vectors

Linear (p) and
angular (L)
momentum vectors

Linear (v ) and angular (v)
velocity vectors
Velocity component vectors

Torque vectors ( t )
Linear or rotational
motion directions

Force vectors (F)
Force component vectors

Springs
Pulleys

Acceleration vectors (a)
Acceleration component vectors

Electricity and Magnetism
Electric fields

Capacitors

Magnetic fields

Inductors (coils)

Positive charges

+

Voltmeters

V

Negative charges

–

Ammeters

A

AC Sources

Resistors
Batteries and other
DC power supplies
Switches

– +

Ground symbol
Current

Light and Optics
Light rays

Objects

Lenses and prisms

Images

Mirrors


Some Physical Constants
Quantity

Symbol

Valuea

Atomic mass unit

u

Avogadro’s number

NA

1.660 538 86 (28) ϫ 10Ϫ27 kg
931.494 043 (80) MeV/c 2
6.022 141 5 (10) ϫ 1023 particles/mol

Bohr magneton

mB ϭ

Bohr radius

a0 ϭ

Boltzmann’s constant

kB ϭ

R
NA

1.380 650 5 (24) ϫ 10Ϫ23 J/K

Compton wavelength

lC ϭ

h
mec

2.426 310 238 (16) ϫ 10Ϫ12 m

Coulomb constant

ke ϭ

Deuteron mass

md

Electron mass

me

Electron volt
Elementary charge
Gas constant
Gravitational constant

eV
e
R
G

Josephson frequency –voltage ratio

2e
h

Magnetic flux quantum

⌽0 ϭ

Neutron mass

mn

Nuclear magneton

mn ϭ

Permeability of free space

m0

eប
2m e
ប2

me e 2ke

1
4pP0

9.274 009 49 (80) ϫ 10Ϫ24 J/T
5.291 772 108 (18) ϫ 10Ϫ11 m

8.987 551 788 . . . ϫ 109 N иm2/C2 (exact)
3.343 583 35 (57) ϫ 10Ϫ27 kg
2.013 553 212 70 (35) u
9.109 382 6 (16) ϫ 10Ϫ31 kg
5.485 799 094 5 (24) ϫ 10Ϫ4 u

0.510 998 918 (44) MeV/c 2
1.602 176 53 (14) ϫ 10Ϫ19 J
1.602 176 53 (14) ϫ 10Ϫ19 C
8.314 472 (15) J/mol и K
6.674 2 (10) ϫ 10Ϫ11 N иm2/kg2
4.835 978 79 (41) ϫ 1014 Hz/V

h
2e

2.067 833 72 (18) ϫ 10Ϫ15 T иm2
1.674 927 28 (29) ϫ 10Ϫ27 kg
1.008 664 915 60 (55) u
939.565 360 (81) MeV/c 2

eប
2m p

5.050 783 43 (43) ϫ 10Ϫ27 J/T
4p ϫ 10Ϫ7 T иm/A (exact)

1

8.854 187 817 . . . ϫ 10Ϫ12 C2/N иm2 (exact)

Permittivity of free space

P0 ϭ

Planck’s constant

h

6.626 069 3 (11) ϫ 10Ϫ34 J иs

h
បϭ
2p

1.054 571 68 (18) ϫ 10Ϫ34 J иs

Proton mass

mp

Rydberg constant
Speed of light in vacuum

RH
c

1.672 621 71 (29) ϫ 10Ϫ27 kg
1.007 276 466 88 (13) u
938.272 029 (80) MeV/c 2
1.097 373 156 852 5 (73) ϫ 107 mϪ1
2.997 924 58 ϫ 108 m/s (exact)

m 0c 2

Note: These constants are the values recommended in 2002 by CODATA, based on a least-squares adjustment of data from different measurements. For a more complete list, see P. J. Mohr and B. N. Taylor, “CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants:

2002.” Rev. Mod. Phys. 77:1, 2005.
a

The numbers in parentheses for the values represent the uncertainties of the last two digits.


Solar System Data
Body
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Plutoa
Moon
Sun

Mass (kg)

Mean Radius
(m)

Period (s)

Distance from
the Sun (m)

3.18 ϫ 1023
4.88 ϫ 1024
5.98 ϫ 1024
6.42 ϫ 1023
1.90 ϫ 1027
5.68 ϫ 1026
8.68 ϫ 1025
1.03 ϫ 1026
Ϸ1.4 ϫ 1022
7.36 ϫ 1022
1.991 ϫ 1030

2.43 ϫ 106
6.06 ϫ 106
6.37 ϫ 106
3.37 ϫ 106
6.99 ϫ 107
5.85 ϫ 107
2.33 ϫ 107
2.21 ϫ 107
Ϸ1.5 ϫ 106
1.74 ϫ 106
6.96 ϫ 108

7.60 ϫ 106
1.94 ϫ 107
3.156 ϫ 107
5.94 ϫ 107
3.74 ϫ 108
9.35 ϫ 108

2.64 ϫ 109
5.22 ϫ 109
7.82 ϫ 109
—
—

5.79 ϫ 1010
1.08 ϫ 1011
1.496 ϫ 1011
2.28 ϫ 1011
7.78 ϫ 1011
1.43 ϫ 1012
2.87 ϫ 1012
4.50 ϫ 1012
5.91 ϫ 1012
—
—

a

In August 2006, the International Astronomical Union adopted a definition of a planet that separates Pluto from the other eight
planets. Pluto is now defined as a “dwarf planet” (like the asteroid Ceres).

Physical Data Often Used
3.84 ϫ 108 m
1.496 ϫ 1011 m
6.37 ϫ 106 m
1.20 kg/m3
1.00 ϫ 103 kg/m3
9.80 m/s2

5.98 ϫ 1024 kg
7.36 ϫ 1022 kg
1.99 ϫ 1030 kg
1.013 ϫ 105 Pa

Average Earth–Moon distance
Average Earth–Sun distance
Average radius of the Earth
Density of air (20°C and 1 atm)
Density of water (20°C and 1 atm)
Free-fall acceleration
Mass of the Earth
Mass of the Moon
Mass of the Sun
Standard atmospheric pressure
Note: These values are the ones used in the text.

Some Prefixes for Powers of Ten
Power
10Ϫ24
10Ϫ21
10Ϫ18
10Ϫ15
10Ϫ12
10Ϫ9
10Ϫ6
10Ϫ3
10Ϫ2
10Ϫ1

Prefix
yocto
zepto
atto
femto
pico
nano
micro
milli
centi
deci

Abbreviation

Power

Prefix

Abbreviation

y
z
a
f
p
n
m
m
c
d

101

deka
hecto
kilo
mega
giga
tera
peta
exa
zetta
yotta

da
h
k
M
G
T
P
E
Z
Y

102
103
106
109
1012

1015
1018
1021
1024


This page intentionally left blank


PHYSICS
for Scientists and Engineers
with Modern Physics



PHYSICS
for Scientists and Engineers
with Modern Physics

Seventh Edition

Raymond A. Serway
Emeritus, James Madison University

John W. Jewett, Jr.
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

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