Thu hồi đất từ thực tiễn đến việc sửa luật

%mui^iAfi(ttjc^

Sd 1 (262) - 2014

ThuhSidM
TC THUC TI£N DEN vific SOA LUAT
NGO HUYfiN

uat o i l dai nam 2013 da dugc Quoc hdi

SU' dung vao muc dich nudi trdng thiiy san, thdi han $\i

thdng qua ngay 29/11/2013 va cd hieu lye

dung la 14 nam. Thing 4/1997, huyen Tien Lang ra

phap luat tif ngay 01/7/2014. Xung quanh

quylt djnh giao bo sung cho dng Vuon 19,3ha giap vai

nhu'ng ndi dung dygc sira doi, bo sung, da cd nhilu y

dien tieh da giao, thdi han 14 nam tinh tir nam 1993.

kiln nh^n xet, binh luan v l quy djnh ciia luat mdi. Cd

Tong edng dng Vuon dugc sir dung 40,3ha dit de

y kiln cho rang, viec sira doi nay se giai quylt dugc

nudi trdng thiiy san.

L

nhilu vin d l bit cap, vudng mic, nhung eung cd y

Oin thdi dilm hit ban giao dit, nam 2009, huyen

kiln ndi la nd chua cd sy dot pha, chua giai quylt

Tien Ling d i lam thu tuc thu hdi loan bp 40,3 ha cua

dugc nhu'ng vin d l ndng, co ban va cung cd nhirng y

dng Vuon. Tuy nhien, dng Vuon d i khilu nai viec thu

kiln de chirng la ein phai chd Luat nay di vao euge

hoi 19,3ha dit len huyen, sau dd, do khdng ddng tinh

sdng thi mdi kiem chirng dugc hieu qua ciia nd.

quylt djnh ciia huyen, dng khdi kien len Tda an.

Nhu'ng vu viee da xay ra tren thye t l se anh hudng

Ngay 27/01/2010, Tda an nhan dan huyen Tien

din hudng sifa luat sao cho luat cin giai quylt dugc

Lang da xet xir so thim va bic don khdi kien ciia ong

nhirng khd khan, tdn tai dd. Va khi luat da duge sira

Vuon; giir nguyen quylt djnh thu hoi. Ong Vuon tilp

se phai ban ehi dugc nhu'ng vu viec bit cap tuong ty

tuc khang cao ban an so thim. Tda an nhan dan thanh

xay ra. Vay v l ITnh vyc thu hdi dit, chiing ta hay ciing

pho Hai Phdng da thu ly hd so v i tiln hanh "hda gicii"

dilm qua va binh luan hai vu viee cudng chi thu hdi

bing "Bien ban thda thuan": Nlu dng riit don thi Uy

dit dien hinh xay ra tren thye t l nhu'ng nam gin day

ban nhan dan huyen Tien Lang se tilp tuc cho thue

d l thiy sy tie ddng giu'a chiing vdi viec sira doi luat

dit.

ra sao.

Sau khi cd Quylt djnh dua vu an ra xet xii' ngay

1. Vu cuo-ng che thu hdi dat ciia hg gia dinh

19/4/2010, dng Vuon riit toan bp yeu ciu khang cao.

ong Doan Van Vucn tai huyen Tien Lang, thanh

Ba ngay sau, Tda i n nhan dan thanh phd Hai Phong

pho Hai Phdng

ra quylt djnh dinh chi viec xet xit phuc thim vu an

Tom tat vu viec

hanh ehinh nay Sau dd, huyen Tien Lang d i nhilu lan

Nim 1993, Uy ban nhan dan huyen Tien Lang ban

giri thdng bio lim viec vdi dng Vuon v l viec thu hoi

hanh quylt djnh giao cho dng Ooan Vin Vuon dien

dit d i hit thdi han sir dung. Ong Vuon vin yeu ciu

tich 21 ha dat bii bdi ven biln thudc xa Vinh Quang de

huyen tilp tuc chp dng thue dit d l nudi trdng thuy san.

Ddn chCi & Phdp ludt

%mui^i6jft. Olg^
Sang ngiy 05/01/2012, huyen Tien Lang da tiln

S6 1 (262) - 2014
vay vdi mue dich khic phuc bit cap, han chi nhirng

hanh cudng chi vdi lye lugng ddng dao, gia dinh dng

sy viec tuong ty xay ra, Luat Oil dai nam 2013 vira

Vuan ehdng tra quylt liet lam 6 ngudi thudc lye lugng

dugc thdng qua da cd mdt sd quy djnh sti'a doi, bo

cdng an, quan dpi bj thuang.

sung:

Xoay quanh vin d l ra eac quylt djnh giao dit, thu

Thir nhit, v l thdi ban giao dit, cho thue dit nong

hdi dit, cuang chi thu hdi dit v i viec td chirc cudng

nghiep dugc ting tir 20 nam len 50 nam. Day la tin

chi, da cd nhilu quan dilm, nhan xet, phan tich ciia

hieu dang mirng ddi vdi ngudi dan san xuit ndng

nhirng ngudi nghien ciru phap luat v i ngudi din.

nghiep. Bdi hg d i phai mit rit nhilu edng sire, tiln

Theo dd, da cd mgt sd y kiln trai chilu mang tinh tieu

bac d l cai tao dit, giy dyng tai san tren dit phuc vu

cyc nhu: Cho ring chinh quyln Tien Ling da "cudp

eho viec san xuit, ma khoan tiln bd ra hiu hit la di

dit cua dan", hay cho ring viec sir dung dit va chdng

vay mugn, do dd, thdi ban dai se tao eho hg tam ly yen

tra eua gia dinh dng Vuon la hoan toan vi pham phap

tam tilp tue canh tie, khdng e de khi diu tu. Tu viec

luat. Tuy nhien, ehiing ta nen nhin nhan sy viee theo

quy djnh nay nhirng hg gia dinh san xuit ndng nghiep

hudng khach quan ban, hanh vi cua chinh quyln cung

nhu gia dinh dng Ooin Van Vuon se tilp luc dugc thu

nhu ciia gia dinh dng Vuon diu cd sy hgp ly, hgp tinh

hoaeh tren manh dit ma minh da day cdng vun dip,

va cd nhirng vi pham phap luat nhit djnh.

trong khoang thdi gian dai khdng phai lo ling xin gia

Ngay 10/2, sau cugc hgp vdi cac bd, nganh, Thu

ban nlu viec sir dung dit cua minh l i hgp phip.

tudng da kit luan: Quylt djnh giao dit dit lan thir nhit

Tuy nhien, cung cd y kiln lo ngai ring, mac dii ting

vdi dien tieh 21ha la phii hgp vdi quy djnh ciia phap

thdi ban nhung ban mu'c dit ndng nghiep dugc giao,

luat dit dai tai thdi dilm ban hanh, nhung quylt djnh

cho thue lai khdng dugc md rdng. Oiiu nay se khdng

giao them 19,3ha thdi ban 14 nam la khdng dimg vdi

thu hilt dugc nhu'ng dy an Idn diu tu vao sin xuit

quy djnh eiia phap luat dit dai v l giao dit, cho thue

ndng nghiep. Mac dii vay ehimg ta cung cin phai chd

dit, v l thdi ban giao dit va thdi dilm tinh thdi ban

khi Luat sira ddi di vao cude sdng thi mdi danh gia

giao dit; cac quylt djnh thu hdi dit cua dng Ooan Vin

chinh xic dugc vin d l .

Vuan vdi ly do hit thdi ban sir dung la khdng dung vdi

Thu hai, viec cudng chi thu hoi dit da dugc quy

quy djnh ciia Luat Oit dai nim 2003 va Nghj dinh sd

djnh cu thi, chat che trong dilu luat rieng (Oiiu 70 va

181/2004/NO-CP ngay 29/10/2004 cua Chinh phu v l

Dilu 71), trong khi LuatOit dai nam 2003 chi quy djnh

thi hanh Luat Oit dai nam 2003; do quylt djnh thu hdi

chung chung l i nlu ngudi bj thu hoi dit khdng thi

dit khdng dimg vdi quy djnh eiia phip luat dit dai

hanh thi co quan ed thim quyln thye hien viee cudng

cudng chi thu hdi dit cung khdng dung phap luat;

chi. Luat mdi da dugc bo sung quy djnh diy du, chi

viec to ehirc cuang ehi thu hdi dit cua Oy ban nhan

lilt v l nguyen tic, dieu kien cudng chi thye hien

dan huyen Tien Ling cung cd nhilu thilu sdt, sai

quylt djnh thu hdi dit; thim quyln ra quylt djnh

pham.

cudng chi; trinh ty, thii tuc thye hien cudng chi va

Su tac dong ciia vu viec vdi sua doi quy djnh
phap luat
Vu viec tai Tien Ling d i thirc tinh nhirng ngydi lim
luat v i thye thi phap luat. Tif day mot sd quy dinh ciia
phip luat dit dai d i bdc Id nhirng bit cap ciia nd. Do

trach nhiem cua to chire, ca nhan trong viec thye hien
cudng chi. Quy dinh diy dii, ro rang tao co sd phap
ly thuan Igi cho can bp cung nhu ngudi dan tuan thii,
han chi dugc nhilu sy viee dang tile xay ra.
Thuba, d l tao sy chat che, tranh tinh trang thu hdi

Ddn chCi & Phdp ludt


%uaii%b6ft,(ttj^

Sd 1 (262) - 2014

dat mdt each bira bai, thilu cin cir phu hgp, Luat mdi

nay diu bay td nguyen vgng tilp tuc dugc giir dat de

ngoai quy djnh cic trudng hgp thu hdi dit thi da quy

canh tic, hoac it nhit eung xin dugc ban bac, thoa

djnh rit rd v l cac cin cir thu hdi dit, trong khi Luat Oit

thuan trudc khi bin giao. Nhung viec cuang chi da

dai nim 2003 chi quy djnh v l cac tnrdng hgp thu hoi

dugc tiln hinh va lin diu l i vao nim 2009. Sau khi bj

dit. Nhu'ng ein cir nay se tao thugn Igi cho ein bd

euang chi, hing tram lao dgng da bd lang di lam thue.

cung nhy ngudi dan trong viec kilm tra tinh hgp phip

Oin nam 2011, ngudi dan tilp tuc nhgn dugc m^t

ciia quyet djnh thu hdi dit, tranh gay nhilu tranh cii

dgt ho trg mdi la gin 17.000/m2 (tir nguon von cua

nhu trong vu Tien Lang - Hai Phdng. Cung phai ndi

chii diu ty) ddi vol cac hd dan ky bien ban ban giao

them rang, viec thu hdi dat dua tren nhirng can cir

mat bang. Oong thdi, ngudi dan cung tiep tuc dugc h6

chat che, phu hgp se trinh diy ngudi dan vio "dudng

trg on djnh ddi song vdi nhilu mire khic nhau va mire

cimg" d l rdi hg phan khang din mire phai vi pham

cao nhat la gin 28.000/m2. Nhirng hg bj thu hdi 100%

phap luat.
2. Vu cvvng che thu hoi dat tai huyen Van
Giang, tinh Hu'ng Yen

rdm iat vu viec

dit ndng nghidp, chii dau tu nhan 1 lao ddng pho
thdng vao lam viec va cam kit se nhan tong cpng
3.000 lao dgng de tap huan va sii' dung ngay sau khi
nhan dii 100% dien tich.

Vao quang thdi gian nhu'ng nam 2001 - 2002, theo

Vi chua thda man vdi phuang an din bii nen taixa

ehii truang eua ehinh quyln, ngudi dan Van Giang da

Xuan Quan vin cdn 166 hd dan chua chju giao dat.

chuyen doi rugng thanh vudn cay ao c i . Viec chuyin

Sang 24/4/2012, Oy ban nhan dan huyen Van Giang

doi da tao nen bg mat mdi cho xdm lang vdi sy khang

d i thye hien cudng che thu hoi 5,8ha dit ciia nhirng

trang, giau cd, nhilu gia dinh trd thanh ty phu.
Nam 2003, dy an khu dd thj Vin Giang (Ecopark)

hd dan nay. Khoang mgt nghin ngudi gdm cac luc
lugng cdng an, dan quan... da dugc huy ddng. Tai

dugc Thii tudng Chinh phii cho phep thye hien va

day cd khoang 200 ngudi dan d i chuin bj tir truae

giao Cdng ty Viet Hung lam ehu diu tu. Oay la mdt dy

cude, xeng, dao, lilm, gay gdc, gach d i , chai xang de

an thugc dien doi dit Iiy ha ting, theo dd, tinh Hung

chong lai lye lugng cudng chi.

Yen se giao gin 500 ha dit cho dy an, doi lai tinh se

Trong vu cuang chi da cd 2 nha bao ciia Oil VOV

dugc chii diu tu thi cdng cho mdt con dudng lien tinh

bj danh va bio chi cung da phan anh nhilu din vu vi?c

tir ciu Thanh Tri di thj x i Hung Yen. Nam 2004, Thu

nay (mgt nim sau vu cuang chi, Cdng an tinh Hung

tudng ed quylt djnh thu hoi, giao dit d l thye hien

Yen d i chinh thirc cd Idi xin loi cdng khai va boi

nhung ngudi dan vin khdng hay bilt gi ve dy an nay

thudng cho 2 nha bao nay).

Ve mire din bii, tinh din thdi diem nim 2008, cac

Sau khi cuong chi xay ra, rit nhilu cay canh da bj

hg dan chip hanh dimg tiln do dugc nhan 135.000

cay Lii, hu hai, cd nhirng cay canh rit cd gia trj va se

ddng/m2. Oay l i mire gia eao nhit tinh Hung Yen,

dem lai ngudn thu Idn cho ngudi dan noi day Tuy

nhyng nhieu ngydi daii*ho rang, vdl muc gia nay ma

nhien, ndi lo Idn hon l i nhieu ngudi dan bj mit dit

phai di lim thue thi hg khdng the song noi. Chu diu tu

canh tie ma khdng cd nghe phu d l thay thi. Chinh

eung hd trg on djnh ddi sdng cho ngudi dan mit dit,

quyln cho bilt, dy i n cd dit dich vu liln k l d l giai

nhung vdi mire rat thip. Trong sd nhirng hd dan bj thu

quylt viec lim cho ngudi dan cd dit bj thu hoi, nhung

hdi dit tai 3 xa (Xuan Quan, Phung Cdng, Ciru Cao)

cu t h i ra sao khdng ai ro. Sau dd, nhilu gia dinh da

thi cd khoang 1.900 hg dan cdn "chdng ddi", nhirng hd

phai cd tim du mgi each d l kiem sdng eho qua ngay,

Ddn ChO & Phdp lu$t

Qfrnan ^UtfL Qlffj^
hang ngin ngudi trong do tuoi lao ddng khdng ed viec
lam.

Sd 1 (262) - 2014
djnh sing suit, phii hgp.
- Luat sira doi cung quy djnh them mdt npi dung do

Viing que von yen binh nay vi cd dy i n phit triln

la Oiiu 44 v l tham djnh quy hoach, k l hoach sir dung

do thj ma xay ra khilu kien, ed thdi dilm cdn xay ra

dit. Tuy nhien, da ed quan dilm cho ring, trach nhiem

mit an ninh trat ty. Viec mire gia din bii thip ban

lap quy hoach, k l hoach va thim quyln thanh lap Hpi

nhilu so vdi cac dy i n gin dd nhung thudc dit Ha

ddng thim djnh diu nim ciing he thong ea quan quan

Npi, cimg vdi viec gii dit giao djch xung quanh viing

ly dit dai, nhu vay d l tao ra sy thilu khieh quan trong

dy an lien tuc tang, ca biet ed nhirng Id dit tang trdn

qua trinh lap quy hoach, k l hoach. Nhung dii sao day

vai chuc lan da thuc diy tinh trang khieu kien keo dai

cung la mdt tiln bd cua Luat mdi.

va lien tuc xay ra khilu kien ddng ngudi tai try sd tilp
dan cua cic ca quan trung uong, dja phuang.
Sit tac dgng cua vu viec vdi sira dot quy dinh
phip luat

Thir hai, Luat O i l dai nam 2013 thu hep ban cic
trudng hgp Nha nude thu hoi dat d l phat triln kinh t l
- xa hdi vi Igi ich qude gia, edng cgng. Tren thye t l ,
ngoii dy an nhu Ecopark thi cdn rit nhilu nhirng dy

Thir nhit, lip quy hoach, k l hoach sir dung dit cd

i n ma Nhi nude thu hdi dit d l phit triln kinh te - xa

y nghTa rit quan trpng ddi vdi sy phat triln kinh t l - x i

hdi cd xay ra bu'c xiie trong du luan v i ngudi dan, gay

hpi, anh hudng den Igi ich eua Nhi nude cung nhu

ra nhOng bit on trong ddi song xa hgi, anh hudng din

ciia nhan din. Quy hoach, k l hoach phii hgp se gdp

Igi ich ngudi dan. Do dd, d l tranh tinh trang thu hdi dit

phin lam giam thieu nhu'ng vu viec gay birc xuc Idn

trin lan, nhirng trudng hgp thu hoi dit nay phai thye

trong nhan dan nhu vu xay ra tai dy an Ecopark.

hign dy i n do Qudc hdi quylt djnh chu diu tu hoac

Chinh vi vay Luat Oit dai nim 2013 da cd mgt sd quy

Thu tudng Chinh phu chap thuan, quylt djnh dau tu,

djnh tao ra sy chit che ban doi vdi vin d l nay cu t h i

cdn lai la phai thye hien dy i n do Hgi ddng nhan dan

nhu:

cip tinh chip thuan. Doi vdi cac dy an diu tu sir dung

- Quy djnh rieng mdt dilu v l Iiy y kiln v l quy

dit khdng thudc trudng hgp Nha nude thu hdi dit ma

hoach, k l hogch sir dung dit (Oiiu 43), theo dd, co

phii hgp vdi quy hoach, k l hoach sir dung dit da

quan cd trich nhiem Iiy y kiln phai "xay dyng Bio eio

dygc CO quan nhi nude ed thim quyln phe duyet thi

tong hgp, tilp thu, giai trinh y kiln cua nhan dan va

chii diu tu duge nhan chuyin nhugng, thue quyen sir

hoan thien phuang i n quy hoach, k l hoach sir dung

dung dit, nhin gdp vdn bang quyln sir dung dit theo

dit trudc khi trinh Hdi ddng thim djnh quy hoach, k l

quy djnh cua phap luat

hoach sir dung dit". Luat mdi da quy djnh quylt liet

Thifba, Luat Oit dai nim 2013 d i quy djnh rd ban

hon so vdi Luat Oit dai nam 2003, nlu Luat Oat dai

v l CO chi bdi thudng, ho trg ddi vai thu hdi tirng loai

nam 2003 chi quy djnh phai Iiy y kiln ciia nhin dan

dit cu thi, trong dd cd thu hdi dit ndng nghiep, bao

trong qui trinh lap quy hoach sir dung dit chi tilt thi

gdm bdi thudng v l dit, bdi thudng chi phi diu tu vio

Luat mdi da quy djnh phai cd "bao cao", phai "tilp thu,

dit cdn lai, hd trg dio tao, chuyin ddi nghi, tim kilm

giai trinh". Nhu vay nlu viec Iiy y kiln nhan dan dugc

viec lam eho hd gia dinh, ca nhin tryc tilp san xuit

thye hien mdt each nghiem tuc, chat ehe va cd tilp

ndng nghiep m i khdng cd dit d l bdithudng. V l ca

thu, giai trinh, thi ddi vdi dy i n xay dyng dd thj Vin

ban, day chi la nhirng quy djnh dugc luat hda tir cac

Siang, Nha nude se thiy duge sy mit mit qui Idn v l

quy djnh eua Nghj dinh sd 69/2009/NO-CR Mac dii quy

hu nhap ciia ngudi dan khi thu hdi dit d l cd quylt

dinh rd ban so vdi Luat Oit dai nam 2003, nhung cd

Ddn chCi & Phdp lu$t

(Xjuatt ^Up, Qifj^

Sd 1 (262) - 2014

ve nhu day khdng phai la y tudng mdi, nd khdng mang

vdi gia chuyin nhugng quyln sir dung dit thye te tren

tinh dot pha, nen rit khd d l giai quylt nhirng bit cap

thi trudng trong dieu kien binh thudng thi Oy ban nhan

tdn tai tren thye t l . O i cd y kiln cho rang, phap luat

dan cip tinh cin cir vao gia chuyin nhugng quyen si)

ein dua ra ca chi cd sy tham gia cua ngudi din

dung dit thye t l tren thj trudng de xic djnh lai gia dit

chinh vio viec xay dyng phuang i n "hai hoa Igi ich"

cu the eho phii hgp" (Oiiu 11). Tuy nhien, hien nay

giira Nha nydc, chii diu tu va ngudi dan, sy ddng

chua ed hudng din cu thi, chi tilt d l ap dung theo gia

thuan dugc hilu la dat duge da sd y kiln ddng y ciia

dit thj trudng. Hy vgng rang, sau khi Luat Oit dai mdi

edng ding, thilu s6 phai ddng y thye hien theo,

nim 2013 di vao eudc sdng, vin d l gii dit bdi thuang

phuong i n dd phai chira dyng dugc sy hai hda Igi

se dugc giai quylt tdt.

ich, chu'a duge ndi dung nai tai djnh cu phai bang

Thu nam, v l cuang chi thu hoi dit, Luat mdi da

hoac tot ban nai d cu, ddi sing ngudi bj thu hdi dit

quy djnh rd van ddng, thuylt phuc la trinh ty bit buoc.

phai bang hoac tdt hon cugc sdng cu dya vao san xuit

Ai cung cd t h i hilu rang, cuang chi chi nen sir dung

ndng nghiep.

khi khdng t h i thda thuan dygc, vi viec cudng chi dl

Cu thi, trong vu viee thu hdi dit tai Vin Giang, nlu

tao nen tam ly hoang mang, mit binh tTnh ciia ca chinh

cd sy hai hda Igi ich, ngydi dan se khdng phai ganh

quyln v i ngudi din. Nhu ddi vdi 2 vu cudng che thu

chiu thiet thdi din mire song chit phai giir dit nhu vay

hdi dit da neu, mdt vu thi ed 2 nhi bio bj dinh, vy kia

Thu tu, Luat mdi quy djnh v l gia dit boi thudng la

thi cung gay ra nd sung, min lam mgt so ngudi bi

khdng ap dung theo bang gii dit nhu theo Luat Oit

thuang G

dai nim 2003 ma ap dung gia dit do Oy ban nhan dan
cip tinh quylt djnh tai thdi dilm quylt djnh thu hoi dit.
Tifc la ap dung theo gii dit thj trudng d dilu kien binh
thudng (dilu kien khdng cd diu co diy gia...).
Mac dii theo quy djnh ciia Luat Oit dai nam 2003,
viee dinh gii dit cua Nha nude cung cin phai sit vdi

Tai lieu tham khao:
1. Thong bao sd 43/TB-VPCP ngay 10/2/2012 eua Vin
phong Chinh phu Kit luan eiia Thu tudng Chinh phii ve vi/
viee euang ehe thu hdi dit d xa Vinh Quang, huyen Tien
Lang, thanh phd Hai Phdng.
2. Chinh quyin sai toan dien trong vu Tien Lang, dang

gii chuyin nhugng quyln sir dung dit thye t l tren thj

tai http://vnexpress. net/tin-tue/thoi-su/chinh-quyen-S3i-

trudng trong dilu kien binh thudng, nhung dilu nay

toan-dien-trong-vu-tien-lang-2222318.html.

chua thye hien dugc, gia dit theo quy djnh ciia Nhi
nude vin thudng thap ban nhilu so vdi gii thj trudng.
Do dd, viec sira doi nay ed y nghTa rit Idn, dam bao
dygc Igi ich ciia ngudi dan cd dit bj thu hdi. Viec sira

3. Vu Tien Lang: quan diim eua google, tienlang duxjc
Bo Tai nguyen

va Moi trudng

iing ho, dang tai

/>quan-iem-cua.html.
4. Ruong dit nhin tir chuyen cudng che a Van Giang,

doi Luat eung l i tit ylu xuit phat tir nhu'ng vu viec da

dang

tirng xay ra tren thye t l , m i ngudi dan khdng thi chip

72/1/1/93949/ruong-dat-nhin-tu-ehuyen-euong-che-o-van-

nhan noi gia dit din bii qua thip, khdng cdng bing va

giang-.aspx.

gay thiet thdi Idn ddi vdi hg.
Viec ap dung gia boi thudng do Oy ban nhan dan
cip tinh quylt djnh tai thdi diem quylt djnh thu hdi dat

tai

/>
5. Ong Dang Hung Vd dirng tranh luan vg Van Giang,
dang tai

tnamnetvn/2012-12-26-

ong-dang-hung-vo-dung-tranh-iu'an-vu-van-giang.
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