Quản lý nhà nước về đào tạo đại học theo hình thức vừa làm vừa học trong các học viện thuộc bộ công an tt tiếng anh

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING

MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS

NATIONAL ACADEMY OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

NGUYEN DUC THUAN

STATE MANAGEMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE
FORM OF PART- TIME TRAINING AT ACADEMIES UNDER
THE MINISTRY OF PUBLIC SECURITY
Major: Public management
Code: 9 34 04 03

SUMMARY OF DOCTORAL DISSERTATION

HA NOI - 2019


The dissertation is completed at:
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Supervisors:

1. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ngo Thanh Can
2. Prof. Dr. Le Minh Hung

Examiner 1: ………………………………………….
Examiner 2: ………………………………………….
Examiner 3: ………………………………………….

The dissertation will be defended before the Board of Examiners
Venue: Room… .floor… ..building …… National Academy of
Public Administration
Address: No. 77 - Nguyen Chi Thanh Street - Dong Da District Hanoi
Time: At ........, ....... date ....... month ....... year .......

LIST OF STUDIES BY THE WRITER
1. "Innovating the management of part- time Academy of
People's Public Security ", State Management Review No. 243,
April 2016, pp.110-112.
2. "Building a contingent of academic advisors for part- time
training at People's Public Security Institutions", State
Management Review No. 268, May 2018, pp.66 - 69.
3. "Factors affecting the training and retraining of educational
managers in universities and colleges in the current situation",
Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference on "The
quality of teachers and educational managers in the current
context: the trend of Vietnam and the world ”, Institute of
Educational Management, December 2018, pp.796-802.
4. "Opportunities and challenges of higher education in the
form of part- time training today", State Management Review,
No. 277, February 2019, p.50-53.


on higher education in the form of part- time training at Academies
under the Ministry of Public Security also revealed the shortcomings
related to the stability of development plans and policies, perfecting
the system of legal and regulatory document as well as managing the
contingent of lectures and educational administrators. Besides, the
inspection and examination should be regularly continuous to have

solutions to strengthen state management.
On the basis of the theoretical system and practice of state
management of higher education in the form of part- time training at
academies under the Ministry of Public Security, the dissertation has
analyzed specifically the practice of state management according to its
functions of higher education in general and higher education in the
form of part- time training at academies under the Ministry of Public
Security in particular and at the same time pointed out achievements,
results, shortcoming, limitations and reasons. Based on such analysis as
well as the orientation of higher education development in the form of
part- time training inside and outside People’s public security sector, the
dissertation proposes opinions and solutions to enhance the state
management of higher education in the form of part- time training at
academies under the Ministry of Public Security and groups them into 5
groups of solutions with 13 specific ones, including: Completing
development plans and policies for part- time training; Completing
policies, system of legal and regulatory documents, statutes and
regulations on higher education in the form of part- time training;
organizing machinery; organizing and directing the building of a
contingent of lecturers, educational managers and academic advisors;
inspecting and examining higher education in the form of part- time
training at academies under the Ministry of Public Security.
Furthermore, the dissertation also reveals some in-depth issues
that need to be further studied next time, such as: Ensuring quality of
higher education in the form of part- time training in the sector of
people’s public security; Managing training program system and
minimum output standards; Building a quality assessment scale of
lecturers participating in part- time training in the sector People’s Public
Security; Developing a quality assessment scale of educational managers
at institutions under the Ministry of Public Security; Building a rating

scale for a university training program in People's Public Security
Institutions; Developing higher education in the model of part- time
training in the era of technology 4.0, etc. In the future, if such topics
continue to be studied, they will be added to the theoretical system as
well as useful practical directions for the application of the development
of higher education in the form of part- time training at academies under
the Ministry of Public Security.

INTRODUCTION
1. The need of the study
In the process of economic, social and scientific development of
each country, the position and role of education and training in general
and higher education in particular have been increasingly important.
Unlike general education, higher education provides well- qualified
human resources for production to produce material and spiritual wealth
for the society. Nowadays, higher education in developed countries is
shifting from elite small-scale education to mass education with larger
scope. In Vietnam, together with the development and international
integration with the idea of mass education development is the policy of
"perfecting the national education system towards an open education
system, lifelong learning and building a learning society” [145] of our
Party and State. Accordingly, our higher education in recent years has
also grown in terms of the number of educational institutions, the size
and form of training, especially part- time training in the national
education system.
For universities and academies in the Public Security sector, the
need to train and improve the qualifications of cadres and police to meet
the task of protecting national security and maintaining social safety and
order is quite necessary with great emphasis put on the building and
developing the people’s police force fast and strongly both in its quantity

and quality. Every year, the enrollment targets of universities, colleges,
and professional secondary schools has increased significantly; the
recruitment of external people as well as the number of police on duty to
continue work for a long time also keep a rise. This shows the great
demand for the training in public security sector, including the need for
part- time training. As a result, the enrollment quota for part- time
training in the 2015-2016 academic years is the highest with 17,824
students - 2.8 times higher than the previous two years.
It can be seen that part- time training at academies under the
Ministry of Public Security has recently achieved remarkable success
such as rapid increase in training scale, continuous improvement and
update of new and modern training programs, advanced facilities and
well- qualified lecturers with new teaching methods. Moreover, the
training quality has been gradually enhanced, meeting the needs of
training and fostering in the sector. However, this form of training is
still under some limitations like unequal quality of teaching staff;
asynchronous technical facilities and teaching equipment or less
convincing training quality (both input and output)... [41].
To deal with the situation, one of the most mentioned issues
in the development of higher education in the form of part- time
training is the state management of higher education in the form of

24

1


part- time training. Only through the state management can the
national policies and guidelines on higher education development in
the form of part- time training be implemented in order to contribute

to the development of education and training in general, meeting the
needs of the people and fulfilling the objectives of building a learning
society of the state ... State management in general and state
management of part- time training in particular are considered the
key to successfully implement educational and training activities,
including those in part- time training. Therefore, one of the main
reasons for the limitations of higher education in the form of parttime training in educational institutions under the Ministry of Public
Security is that there exist some shortcomings and gaps in the state
management of this type of training. This directly affects the quality
of training as well as the effectiveness and efficiency of state
management activities. The system of legal and administrative
documents of state management agencies on higher education of the
Ministry of Education and Training and the Ministry of Public
Security is overlapping without common agreement; State
management apparatus and part- time training management in the
public security sector have not been carefully selected; managerial
mechanisms and methods have not kept up with the scale and growth
rate of part- time training; financial resources and facilities for state
management of this type of training in the public security sector have
not been properly invested; the inspection and examination have not
been carried out regularly and deeply and there is less clear
connection between different levels in the sector.
Meanwhile, the theoretical issues about state management on
part- time training are still scattered and not intensive. There has not
been any research on the difference between part- time and full- time
trainings at higher education level; between part- time training inside and
outside the police force. There is also no work clearly analyzing the
content and characteristics of state management of higher education in
the form part- time training as well as the inadequacies in state
management of higher education in the form of part- time training in

educational institutions under the Ministry of Public Security, and the
solutions to strengthen state management of higher education in the form
of in-service training have been therefore not proposed.
For the above reasons, the writer of the study has decided to
produce the research on “State management of higher education in
the form part- time training at academies under the Ministry of Public
Security" for the doctoral dissertation of public administration.
Thereby, the writer wishes to find out solutions to strengthen state
management of higher education in the form of part- time training at

stable and long-term development of higher education in the form of
part- time training at academies under the Ministry of Public
Security; (2) Perfecting the system of legal and regulatory
documents, statutes and regulations on higher education in the form
of part- time training; (3) Perfecting organizational structure of state
management machinery of higher education in the form of part- time
training in People's Public Security Forces; (4) Renovating the
construction and management of lecturers and educational
administrators; (5) Ensuring the regular inspection and examination
of higher education in the form of part- time training in People's
Public Security Forces.
Each mentioned solution has its own role and meaning but they
are interrelated, interacted and complementary to each other. They need
to be carried out synchronously and unanimously in order to enhance the
state management on higher education in the form of part- time training
at academies under the Ministry of Public Security. During
implementation process, depending on conditions and time, each
solution has been given different priority and it is possible to arrange
order of implementation of solutions to achieve optimal efficiency.
CONCLUSION

Strengthening state management on higher education in the
form of part- time training at academies under the Ministry of Public
Security is quite necessary in the development of higher education in
general, higher education in the form of part- time training in People’s
public security sector in particular in the era of approaching the
industrial revolution 4.0. The People’s police forces play significant role
in performing the task of maintaining national security, ensuring social
order and safety, making an important contribution to the achievement
of socio-economic development objectives and tasks as well as external
affairs of the country, protecting peaceful life of the people. The
People’s police forces are also struggling with multi-disciplinary and
multi- sectoral crimes. Therefore, People's police soldiers and officers
must be recruited from experts from many different fields and
professions. Orientation to develop people’s police force in terms of
quantity and quality should be associated with the task of developing
higher education in the form of part- time training at Academies under
the Ministry of Public Security.
For nearly 40 years of existence and development, state
management of higher education in the form of part- time training at
Academies under the Ministry of Public Security has gained great
successes, contributing to successfully implementing the plan to
build a regular, elite military force and all tasks designated by the
Party and people. In addition to the achievements, state management

2

23


4.2.3. Perfecting organizational structure of the state

management machinery of higher education in the form of parttime training in People's Public Security Forces.
Perfecting organizational structure of the state management
machinery of higher education in the form of part- time training in
People's Public Security Forces (the structure of the Department of
Training) towards:
First, consolidating organizational structure, perfecting
functions and tasks of units in charge of educational management and
state management of higher education in the form of part- time
training.
Second, abolishing Training Center under the Department of
Training.
Third, establishing Division for Education Inspection under
the Department of Training.
Fourth, establishing Division for Training Quality
Management.
Fifth, focusing on forces building, effectively exploiting the
contingent of experienced educational managers and lecturers.
4.2.4. Renewing the building and management of the
contingent of lecturers and educational administrators.
- Producing a set of criteria for evaluating lecturers.
- Building a set of criteria for evaluating educational
managers.
- Designing a plan for training and retraining lecturers and
educational managers.
- Innovating teaching and learning methods, testing and
evaluation.
4.2.5. Enhancement of the inspection and examination of
higher education in the form of part- time training in People’s
public security sector.
- Completing and reconsolidating organizational structure of

educational inspection force from the central to grassroots levels.
- Completing the system of processes, contents, forms of
inspection and examination of higher education in the form of parttime training.
CHAPTER 4: CONCLUSION
From the theoretical and practical studies, the PhD student
has provided directions and proposed solutions to strengthen state
management of higher education in the form of part- time training at
academies under the Ministry of Public Security in accordance with
the requirements of training and developing human resources in the
sector of public security as follows: (1) Making policies and plans for

academies under the Ministry of Public Security, contributing to
renovating training quality, building an increasingly regular and
sophisticated police force and meeting the increasing requirements of
the national security protection and social order maintenance.
2. Aims and tasks of the study
2.1. Aims of the study
Studying theory on state management of higher education in
the form of part- time training to create a basis to analyze practice
and propose solutions to enhance the state management of higher
education in the form of part- time training at academies under the
Ministry of Public Security.
2.2. Tasks of the study
To accomplish the aims of the study, the writer conducts the
following tasks:
- Producing an overview of previous research of different
authors on issues related to the thesis.
- Clarifying the theory of higher education in the form of
part- time training in public security sector as well as and the state
management of this form of training by analyzing following key

points and concepts: higher education in the form of part- time
training, higher education in the form of part- time training in public
security sector, state management of higher education in the form of
part- time training in public security sector; the role, objectives,
factors and components affecting state management of higher
education in the form of part- time training at academies under the
Ministry of Public Security.
- Analyzing and assessing the practice of state management
state of higher education in the form of part- time training at
academies under the Ministry of Public Security; finding out
achievements, limitations and causes of such limitations and at the
same time, proposing effective solutions.
- Studying and systematizing viewpoints, guidelines and
directions of the Party, the State and the Public Security Sector;
forecasting the development trend of higher education in the form of
part- time training in public security sector in the next years; and
proposing solutions to strengthen state management of higher
education in the form of part- time training at academies under the
Ministry of Public Security.
3. Subject and scope of the study.
3.1. Subject of the study
The subject of the study is the state management activities of
higher education in the form of part- time training at academies under
the Ministry of Public Security.

22

3

3.2. Scope of the study
- Scope of research content:
The dissertation focuses on state management of higher
education in the form of part- time training at academies under the
Ministry of Public Security with some key features: process of
strategy designing and planning, development policies on higher
education in the form of part- time training at academies under the
Ministry of Public Security; legal documents on state management of
higher education in the form of part- time training in Vietnam in
general, and at academies under the Ministry of Public Security in
particular; organizational structure of the state management apparatus
of higher education in the form of part- time training in Vietnam, and
at academies under the Ministry of Public Security; the training,
fostering and managing of lecturers and higher education managerial
cadres; the inspection and examination of higher education in the
form part- time training.
- Scope of space:
The study is carried out at two Academies under the Ministry
of Public Security: the People's Security Academy and the People's
Police Academy.
- Scope of time:
The study focuses on the state management of higher
education in the form of part- time training at academies under the
Ministry of Public Security from the year 2010 up to now.
4. Methodology and research methods
4.1. Methodology
The study is based on the methodology of Marxism-Leninism
on dialectical materialism, the basic principles of Marxism-Leninism;
thoughts and teachings of President Ho Chi Minh to the People’s public
security forces; Ho Chi Minh thought, viewpoints of the Party and the

State on education and training in general and higher education in
particular; viewpoints, guidelines and policies of the Central Public
Security Party Committee on higher education in people’s police, on
higher education in the form of part- time training at academies under
the Ministry of Public Security as well as on state management of
higher education in the public security sector at the present.
4.2. Research Methods
The following research methods are used to collect necessary
information:
- Group of theoretical research methods: analyzing and
summarizing, theoretical comparison: collecting, reviewing,
summarizing, classifying and systematizing all information and data
about the subjects of the study and within the scope of the study.

4.2.2. Perfecting the system of legal and regulatory
documents, regulations and statutes on higher education in the
form of part- time training
- Amending Circular No. 06/2018 / TT-BGDĐT dated
February 28, 2018 by the Ministry of Education and Training
defining enrolment targets. The provisions of Point c, Clause 1,
Article 6 of Circular No. 06/2018 / TT-BGDDT should be changed
into "taking the total number of trainees (learners) of an educational
institution according to their training disciplines divided by total
equivalently converted lecturers of such disciplines ”. Similarly,
Clause 2, Article 8 will be changed as follows: "Enrollment quota for
part- time training of each training level is among the total trainee
size of educational institutions according to the disciplines specified
at Point c, Clause 1, Article 6 ”.
- Reexamining the system of legal and regulatory documents
on higher education in the form of part- time training in people’s

public security sector to make them suitable with the organizational
structure of state management agencies in education and training in
people’s police forces at present.
- Setting regulations on joint - training between higher
educational institutions in the people’s public security sector and
other police units or local police units on education and training.
- Amending Circular No. 06/2017 / TT-BGDĐT dated March
15, 2017 by the Ministry of Education and Training on issuing parttime training statute. Proposing to amend Clauses 1 and 2, Article 9,
Circular No. 06/2017 / TT-BGDDT dated March 15, 2017 in one of
the following options:
First, supplementing Clause 5, Article 9 as follows: "For
higher education in the form of part- time training in public security
sector, higher educational institutions are responsible for organizing
and managing training according to credit, school year or a
combination of these two kinds of training”.
Second, amending Clause 1, Article 9 as follows: "Part- time
training is organized and managed by credit (except for higher
education institutions under the Ministry of Public Security and
Ministry of Defense)".
Clause 1, Article 10, Circular No. 06/2017 / TT-BGDDT on
assessment of modules needs to be amended as follows: “The overall
score for module assessment (referred to as module points) in parttime training is calculated according to the statute on higher
education in the form of part- time training of higher educational
institutions”.

4

21

Higher education in the form of part- time training
contributes greatly to raising awareness and working capacity for
cadres and soldiers of the whole People's Public Security Forces.
Therefore, the Central Police Party Committee determines that the
immediate basic goal is to improve training quality of higher
educational institutions under the Ministry of Public Security to serve
the needs of training and retraining cadres and soldiers in the Public
Security sector, meeting the requirements of basic and
comprehensive renovation of higher education under the Ministry of
Public Security, and at the same time being suitable with Vietnam
and the world’s educational development trend, increasing the
autonomy and self-responsibility such institutions, including
autonomy for high education in the form part- time training.
4.1.3. Orientations for developing higher education in the
form of part- time training at the academies under the Ministry
of Public Security.
- Ensuring the quality of high education in the form parttime training.
- Innovating the management of high education in the form
part- time training, meeting the requirements of the industrial
revolution 4.0.
- Innovating and enhancing the effectiveness of state
management of higher education in the form of part- time training at
academies under the Ministry of Public Security.
- Developing, perfecting and ensuring training scale for the
academies under the Ministry of Public Security, the Center for
Professional Training at police units and local police.
- Increasing the autonomy and self-responsibility of higher
education in the form of part- time training at academies under the
Ministry of Public Security
4.2. Solutions to strengthen state management of higher

education in the form of part- time training at academies under
the Ministry of Public Security.
4.2.1. Formulating policies and plans for stable and longterm development of higher education in the form of part- time
training at academies under the Ministry of Public Security.
- Making stable policies for higher education in the form of
part- time training at academies under the Ministry of Public
Security.
- Setting development plan for higher education in the form
of part- time training at academies under the Ministry of Public
Security with the vision for the next 10-20 years to access technology
revolution 4.0.

- Group of practical research methods: survey; methods of
analyzing and summarizing practices together with professional
solution.
5. New findings and contributions of the study
5.1. For the theory
The dissertation has systematized the theory and practice of
state management of higher education in the form of part- time training.
In particular, the dissertation has pointed out the differences between
higher education in the form of full-time and higher education in the
form of part- time; higher education in the form of part- time inside and
outside Public Security sector; analyzing the factors affecting the state
management of higher education in the form of part-time at academies
under the Ministry of Public Security. These serve as a basis for studying
practices and producing solutions to promote state management
activities in higher education in the form of part- time training at
academies under the Ministry of Public Security.
5.2. For practice
The dissertation has evaluated objectively and

comprehensively the state management state of higher education in
the form of part- time training at academies under the Ministry of
Public Security. It also helps to identify barriers, inadequacies and
difficulties when implementing state management activities of higher
education in the form of part- time training and analyze the causes of
such difficulties at academies under the Ministry of Public Security.
The dissertation has built a system of measures to enhance
state management activities adaptable to the characteristics of higher
education in the form of part- time training, which can be applied in
higher education institutions in the armed forces in general and at
academies under the Ministry of Public Security in particular.
The findings of the dissertation will contribute to changing
practical awareness and actions of managers, civil servants, officials
and other subjects who are involved in the state management
activities of higher education in the form of part- time training at
academies under the Ministry of Public Security.
* Prospects for application of research findings
- The dissertation will help to create supplementary theory to
the state management of higher education in the form of part- time
training;
- The dissertation can be used as a reference for further
scientific research and a valuable source of material for designing
and issuing policies, strategies and perfecting the state management
apparatus of education and training in general and higher education
under the Ministry of Public Security in particular.

20

5

study

6. Research questions and scientific assumptions of the

6.1. Research questions
The study aims at answering the following questions:
- What are the theoretical bases of state management of
higher education in the form of part- time training at academies under
the Ministry of Public Security?
- Is there any regulation related to state management of
higher education in the form of part- time training? What factors
affect state management of higher education in the form of part- time
training?
- How is the practice of state management state of higher
education in the form of part- time raining at academies under the
Ministry of Public Security? Are there any advantages and
limitations? What is the cause of these limitations?
- What are the directions and solutions to enhance the state
management of higher education in the form of part- time training at
academies under the Ministry of Public Security?
6.2. Scientific assumptions
At present, the process of implementing state management
activities on higher education in the form of part- time training at
academies under the Ministry of Public Security is facing many
difficulties and inadequacies. If the research proposes feasible and
practical solutions suitable to the conditions of education and training
in people’s public security sector, it can help to strengthen the state
management of these academies. At the same time, it will be a
premise and conditions to ensure the quality of higher education in

general and of higher education in the form of part- time training in
public security sector in particular, contributing to improving its
quality of human resources.
If policy making and and plans are stable with long-term
development, the system of legal documents are completed and
unified from the central to grassroots levels, organizational structure
of state management apparatus is consolidated and unified,
educational managers and lecturers are well-qualified with high
professional competence and enthusiasm, the inspection and
supervision are implemented regularly and fairly, the state
management of higher education in the form of part- time training at
academies under the Ministry of Public Security will contribute to the
diversification of the main directions of higher education
development of the Government in general and the Public Security
sector in particular.

6

- Awareness of some Party committees, heads of units and
officers, soldiers on the position and importance of higher education
in the form of part- time training is incomplete.
CHAPTER 3: CONCLUSION
Although higher education in the form of part- time training at
Academies under the Ministry of Public Security has made important
strides in terms of both quality and quantity, it has not met the
requirements of human resources training for national security
protection and social order our country today. The main reason for
this is that the state management of part- time training at Academies
under the Ministry of Public Security has not been highly effective as
expected. Such situation requires directions and solutions to

strengthen state management on higher education in the form of parttime training at Academies under the Ministry of Public Security
now. This will be presented in Chapter 4.
Chapter 4
ORIENTATIONS AND SOLUTIONS TO STRENGTHEN
STATE MANAGEMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE
FORM OF PART- TIME TRAINING AT ACADEMIES
UNDER THE MINISTRY OF PUBLIC SECURITY
In this chapter, the following main sections are mentioned:
4.1. Orientations for strengthening state management of
higher education in the form part- time training at Academies
under the Ministry of Public Security
4.1.1. Thoughts, opinions of the Party, policies and laws
of the State on the development of higher education in the form
of part- time training
Through political and legal documents of the Communist
Party of Vietnam and the State of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,
it can be noted that the viewpoints and thoughts of our Party and
State on part- time training are: higher education in the form of parttime training as well as other types of non-formal training equally
contribute to the realization of such missions of education and
training as raising people's knowledge, developing human resources,
fostering talents, playing an important role in the national
construction and building Vietnamese culture and people.
4.1.2. Viewpoints and objectives of the Central Police
Party Committee and the Ministry of Public Security on higher
education in the form of part- time training in the People's Public
Security Forces
19


Second, the system of legal, regulatory and administrative

documents on higher education in the form part- time training of the
Ministry of Education and Training and Ministry of Public Security
is still overlapping without common agreement. The progress of
studying and promulgating legal documents is still slow; the quality
and validity are not high.
Third, some contents of the credit training system are not
thoroughly implemented in the People’s police sector.
Fourth, the apparatus of state management of higher
education in the form of part- time training is still not stable and
reasonable.
Fifth, there has not been a set of criteria to evaluate practical
capacity of lecturers and educational managers so as to make a plan
to train and foster professional skills for them.
Sixth, there is no connection or linkage in the inspection and
examination between levels, there is also no overall inspection plan
from central to grassroots level.
3.3.2.2. Reasons for limitations
- There is no close and effective coordination between
forecasting, training planning, human resource development in the
People's public security sector and planning and policies for higher
education in general and higher education in the form of part- time
training in particular.
- Credit system training applied to part- time training at the
Academies under the Ministry of Public Security appears
unreasonable issues due to typical managerial features of the Public
security sector.
- Since 2018, the implementation of Decree No. 01 of the
Prime Minister defining the functions, tasks, powers and
organizational structure of the Ministry of Public Security makes the
organizational structure of the state management agency in charge of

education and training of Ministry of Public Security changed and
disturbed.
- The autonomy mechanism in higher education as stated in
the Law on Higher Education has not been realized and fully
implemented in Academies under the Ministry of Public Security.
- The evaluation of real capacity of lecturers and educational
managers to develop training programs and plans is not properly
carried out.
- There is a lack of uniform solutions on education and
training in the public security sector to achieve stated goals.

7. Organization of the dissertation
In addition to the introduction, conclusion, list of references
and appendices, the dissertation is structured into 4 chapters as
follows:
Chapter 1: Overview of previous research related to the
dissertation topic;
Chapter 2: Scientific base of state management of higher
education in the form of part – time training;
Chapter 3: Practice of state management of higher education
in the form of part- time training at academies under the Ministry of
Public Security;
Chapter 4: Orientations and solutions to strengthen state
management of higher education in the form of part- time training at
academies under the Ministry of Public Security.

18

7

CHAPTER 1
OVERVIEW OF PREVIOUS RESEARCH
This chapter reviews existing information about the related
topic of different researchers and gathers them in two groups:
1.1. Overview of previous research on higher education in
the form of part- time training.
1.2. Overview of previous research on state management of
higher education in the form of part- time training at academies under
the Ministry of Public Security.
Based on the findings of previous research related to the
topic, the dissertation has produced the following assessments:
1.3. General evaluation on findings of previous research
1.3.1. The resolved issues
1. Higher education in the form of part- time training and
state management of this kind of training receive much interest in
different ways, theoretically and practically, at home and abroad or in
the aspects of politics, economics, sociology and law...
2. The published studies basically give some views and
concepts related to state management of higher education, the role of
the State in higher education in general, and in higher education in
the form of part- time training in particular...
3. Theoretical research on state management, especially on
state management of higher education has not been given
comprehensive attention; no study has considered state management
of higher education and higher education in the form of part- time
training as a holistic subject but as a theoretical issue that must be
solved when studying the state management of higher education.


4. The studies of different researchers in the world have

vividly reflected diverse and various practices with different state
management background, affecting the state management of higher
education of educational institutions in countries around the world.
5. The results of the above research have suggested and
provided information, research methods and approaches for this
dissertation.
1.3.2. The remained issues
The domestic and foreign researches have a number of
aspects related to the state management of higher education in the
form of part- time training and achieved certain success. But such
contents as state management, improvement of the state management
system, strengthening of state management are too general or broad
at the macro level. Yet some theoretical and practical issues on state
management of higher education in the form part- time training are
not clearly mentioned and need further research.
Moreover, researches related to state management and state
management of higher education in the form of part- time training in
general and state management of higher education in the form of
part- time training at academies under the Ministry of Public Security
in particular are approached much limitedly from the perspective of
public management.
1.3.3. Issues to be further studied and resolved
- In theory, things need to be more clarified: State
management of higher education in the form of part- time training at
academies under the Ministry of Public Security compared to state
management of higher education in the form of part- time training in
other educational institutions, what is the difference?
- In practice: the practice of state management of higher
education in the form of part- time training at academies under
the Ministry of Public Security at present: advantages,

disadvantages and causes.
- Suggestions: proposing directions and solutions to enhance
the state management of higher education in the form of part- time
training at academies under the Ministry of Public Security
Chapter 1: Conclusion
Chapter 1 produced a description of previous researches,
books and newspapers directly and indirectly related to the field of
state management of higher education in the form of part- time
training at academies under the Ministry of Public Security. There are
a number of domestic and foreign works, thesis, dissertations or
scientific researches related to the field of state management, but indepth research on state management of higher education in the form

attaches great importance to the implementation of the identified
tasks under the Component Project No. 5 on developing the
contingent of lecturers and educational administrators, that is
respecting and improving the quality of teacher selection,
strengthening the training and retraining to improve the qualifications
of lecturers and educational managers.
3.2.5. Inspecting and examining higher education in the
form part- time training
The inspection and examination of higher education in
general and higher education in the form of part –time training in
particular have been strictly supervised by the Ministry of Public
Security, universities and academies since 2005.
3.3. Inspection and supervision of state management of
higher education in the form of part-time training at the
Academies under the Ministry of Public Security
3.3.1. Advantages and reasons for advantages
3.3.1.1. Advantages
In recent years, part- time training in the People’s Police Force has

rapidly developed; the state management has shown its leading role
in the planning, setting training quota, issuing a system of legal,
regulatory and administrative documents, organizing managerial
apparatus, training, fostering and improving the qualifications of
lecturers as well as educational managers. The inspection and
supervision have been received much attention from the Ministry of
Public Security, achieving great successes during management
process.
3.3.1.2. Reasons for advantages
- Firstly, thoroughly grasping the viewpoints of the Party,
the State and the Ministry of Public Security on the orientation to
develop higher education in the form of part –time training in the
People’s Police Forces.
- Secondly, the awareness of the Heads of higher educational
institutions, police units and local police units is increasingly higher;
they clearly determine the role of state management of part - time
training in the cause of educational development of people’s public
security.
3.3.2. Limitations and reasons for limitations
3.3.2.1. Limitations
First, there is no orientation and stable development plan for
higher education in the form of part- time training in People’s police
sector. The forecasting and designing of training plans have not
effectively adjusted the pace of development as well as resolved
conflicts of the current educational system structure.

8

17

time training at Academies under the Ministry of Public Security that
Chapter 2 presented the theoretical issues, including the followings:
3.2.1. Formulation of development plans and policies for
higher education in the form of part- time training.
One of the most important and typical policies on education
and training in the sector of People’s Police Forces approved in 2011
by the Prime Minister is the project 1229 namely "Overall planning,
improving the capacity and quality of training of education and
training institutions in the People's Police Forces to 2020” and six
component projects with the goal of comprehensive renewal of
education and training in the People's Police Forces, including higher
education in the form of part- time training.
3.2.2. Issue and organization of the implementation of
legal documents on higher education in the form of part- time
training.
The writer of the dissertation examines and reflects the
practice of applying such legal and regulatory documents as the Law
on Higher Education, Regulations on determining enrollment quotas,
Regulations on joint training, Regulations on enrollment of part- time
training at tertiary level.
3.2.3. Organize managerial apparatus of higher education
in the form of part- time training
Pursuant to Decree No. 01/2018 / ND-CP dated August 6,
2018 of the Government defining the functions, tasks, powers and
organizational structure of the Ministry of Public Security, the
Ministry of Public Security issued Decision No. 4010 which
prescribes functions, tasks, powers and organizational structure of the
Department of Training. Accordingly, the Department of Training is
a unit directly under the Ministry of Public Security with the function

of advising and assisting the Minister in unifying the State
management of education, training and retraining cadres in the
People's Police force, etc. The Department is consisted of the
Director in charge, no more than 04 Deputy Directors and 6 units at
division, center and school level.
3.2.4. Organization of training, retraining and managing
lecturers and educational managers of higher education in the
form of part- time training
Over the past years, lecturers in the people’s police forces in
general and those in the two Academies in particular have increased
dramatically in terms of number; their qualifications are improved
significantly, meeting the requirements of professional
standardization. The rate of lecturers and teachers with postgraduate
qualifications increases rapidly. The Ministry of Public Security

of part- time training at academies under the Ministry of Public
Security has not been done. Therefore, this dissertation will fill in
such gap, combining inheritance of previous works to explore present
situation and find out effective solutions to strengthen state
management of higher education in the form of part- time training at
academies under the Ministry of Public Security.

16

9

CHAPTER 2
SCIENTIFIC BASIS ON STATE MANAGEMENT OF
HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE FORM OF PART-TIME
TRAINING AT ACADEMIES UNDER THE MINISTRY OF

PUBLIC SECURITY
This chapter focuses on four main points:
2.1. Perception of higher education in the form of parttime training
2.1.1. Definitions and objectives of higher education
Higher education in the sector of people’s public security is a
post-secondary training process that helps students (learners) acquire
basic scientific knowledge about nature and society, have a solid
political background and professional knowledge about people’s
public security, be able to work independently and solve practical
problems in the fight against crimes and hostile forces in order to
successfully fulfill the tasks of preserving national security and social
order and safety entrusted to the people’s public security force by the
Party, the State and the people.
2.1.2. Definitions of higher education in the form of parttime training
Part- time education was formerly called "in-service"
training; it was then changed into “part- time” training by the
Education Law in 1998. It has formally been used as “part-time”
training/ education by the 2005 Education Law since then.
Higher education in the form of part-time training in the
sector of people’s public security is itself higher education to ensure
that all cadres and soldiers in the public security sector have
opportunity to both learn at university level and be able to continue
working at the office. Such part- time courses are delivered by
universities and academies under the Ministry of Public Security at
their own location or by police units or local police units authorized
by the Ministry of Public Security.
The system of higher education in the form of part – time
training in the public security sector includes: Continuing training
from intermediate, college to university in the form of part – time

training; second university degree in the form of part- time training
and higher education in the form of part- time training.
2.1.3. Distinction between part- time training and full –
time training
- Subjects of training: due to the characteristics of part – time
training, the subjects of this kind of training are those who are
currently working. They are both studying and working at the same
time. Meanwhile, full- time students have just graduated from high
school. They usually do not have a job, and want to focus on
studying for the purpose of acquiring professional and vocational
knowledge for their future career.
- Training duration: the part – time training is at least one
semester longer than that of full - time training.
- Location: part- time courses may be delivered at higher
educational institutions or outside while full- time courses are often
conducted at such higher educational institution locations.
- System of disciplines: to be authorized to deliver part-time
training courses, educational institutions must have full- time training
courses in the form of year or credits training before.
- Scheduling: full – time courses are often delivered during
office hours while part – time ones are carried out after office hours
or at weekends.
2.1.4. Part-time training in educational institutions inside
and outside People’s police force
- Enrollment subjects: In addition to the regulations on
enrollment subjects of the Ministry of Education and Training as
stated above, the Ministry of Public Security also specifies the
cultural level, seniority of work, sense of discipline, training and
general levels of qualifications of officials and soldiers of each unit.

- Places: Part- time training courses can only be organized
when there is a link between higher educational institutions in the
People’s Police force and Centers for Professional Training under
police units or local police units. Meanwhile, part- time training
courses delivered by higher educational institutions outside the sector
of People’s police forces are organized at different places.
- Principles of training organization: part- time training
courses in people’s police are organized in the form of part-time with
one session per day.
- Plan to use students after graduation: Students who
graduate from part-time training courses at higher educational
institutions/ academies under the Ministry of Public Security are
respected without any distinction with full – time training students

3.1.4. Organization of inspection and examination
activities
The academies under the Ministry of Public Security always
attaches great importance to the inspection and examination of
teaching and learning activities of part- time classes, especially those
jointly open with local police units. Annually, according to training
inspection plan, the academies led by one member of the Boards of
Directors shall set up an inspection team to supervise teaching and
learning activities of all courses delivered.
3.1.5. Factors to ensure quality of higher education in the
form of part – time training.
3.1.5.1. Training programs
The training programs of the two academies are designed in
accordance with the regulations of the Ministry of Education and
Training in Circular 22/2017 / TT-BGDĐT dated September 6, 2017
which defines conditions, order and procedures for opening training

disciplines as well as suspending enrollment, revoking the decision to
open higher education training level and Circular No. 35/2013 / TTBCA dated July 19, 2013 of BCA on the development of educational
programs, curriculum development and teaching materials in the
People’s Public Security.
3.1.5.2. Teaching and learning materials
Academies under the Ministry of Public Security always put
great emphasis on the compilation and provision of learning
materials for students in all courses/classes inside and outside the
Academies.
3.1.5.3. Facilities
For courses that are directly delivered at the locations of the
two Academies, although there are difficulties in accommodation and
living for learners, the Academies are always interested in and create
favorable conditions for them to participate in the study and training
like full- time learners. For other courses at the local police units,
leaders of local police and functional units also create the most
favorable conditions to meet all necessary conditions on
accommodation for both teachers and staff of the Academies
whenever they are on duty of delivering lectures or managing
training courses as well as for boarding learners. Besides that, many
local police units also support learning costs for their learners.
3.2. Analysis of practice of state management of higher
education in the form part-time training at Academies under the
Ministry of Public Security
The dissertation focuses on studying, assessing and analyzing
practice of state management of higher education in the form part-

10

15

regional training centers and educational establishments for the
Police force has been developed and distributed evenly across regions
around the country, ensuring that police officers and soldiers of units,
localities, regions and territories have easy access to annual
specialized training and education.
CHAPTER 2: CONCLUSION
Higher education in the form of part-time training is a
separate case of higher education in general. In Chapter 2, definitions
of higher education, state management of higher education in the
form of part- time training at academies under the Ministry of Public
Security have been specified together with typical characteristics,
principles and influencing factors. At the same time, the dissertation
identifies features that need in-depth research in the next chapter.
CHAPTER 3
PRACTICE OF STATE MANAGEMENT OF HIGHER
EDUCATION IN THE FORM OF PART- TIME TRAINING
AT ACADEMIES UNDER THE MINISTRY OF PUBLIC
SECURITY
In this chapter, the followings will be presented:
3.1. Overview of higher education in the form of parttime training at academies under the Ministry of Public Security
The dissertation presents a summary of 7 sections, from 3.1.1
to 3.1.7 as main elements of higher education in the form of parttime training at academies under the Ministry of Public Security
3.1.1. The process of building and developing higher
education in the form of part- time training at academies under
the Ministry of Public Security
In this section, the dissertation presents the history, the
process of construction and development of the system higher
education in the form of part- time training at academies under the

Ministry of Public Security.
3.1.2. Quota to open class and enroll learners
- Numbers of students to be enrolled.
- Subjects, conditions for enrollment registration.
- Enrollment records.
- Organization of entrance examinations, marking, admission of
students.
3.1.3. Organization of teaching and learning activities
- Teaching activities of lectures.
- Learning activities of learners.
- Organization of examinations, tests and assessments of learning
quality.
- Learners’ management.

and can be given some commendation and encouragement or
assigned suitable tasks by police units.
2.2. Awareness on state management of higher education
in the form part- time training.
2.2.1. Definition of State management of higher education
in the form part- time training in People’s public security.
State management is the activity of the State in the field of
legislation, executive and judiciary to perform the internal and external
functions of the State. It is a form of social management using state
power to regulate social relationships and human activities.
State management of higher education in the form of parttime training is an organized impact, adjusted by the state
management entity of higher education for higher education activities
of higher educational institutions with the aim of developing higher
education in the form of part- time training in a disciplinary manner
and ensuring training quality and effectiveness.
State management of higher education in the form of part- time

training in the sector of public security is an organized impact, adjusted
by the state power of state management entity on higher education in
people’s police for higher education activities of higher educational
institutions under the Ministry of Public Security with the aim of
developing higher education in the form of in-service training in a
disciplinary manner and ensuring training quality and effectiveness.
2.2.2. Characteristics of state management of higher
education in the form part- time training in the People's Police
Forces
Some specific characteristics of state management of higher
education in the form party- time training in the People's Police
Forces are as follows:
- Subjects of the management: the Government, Ministry of
Education and Training, Ministry of Public Security, Provincial
People's Committee (where there is a higher educational institution
under the Ministry of Public Security), ...
- Objects of the management: all higher educational activities
in the form party- time training of higher educational institutions of
the People’s Police Forces in the whole country.
- Components of management: including components of state
management of higher education as stated in the Law on Higher
Education...
- Objectives of management: ensuring higher education
activities of higher education institutions/ academies under the
Ministry of Public Security compliant with provisions on higher
education of the law.

14

11

2.2.3. Principles of state management of higher education
in the form party- time training in the People's Public Security
Forces
There are four principles as follows:
- Principle of ensuring the leadership of the Party.
- Principle of ensuring effectiveness and efficiency.
- Principle of democratic centralism.
- Principle of harmonious combination of benefits.
2.2.4. State management of part-time training in
educational institutions inside and outside People’s Police forces
- State management of part-time training in the People’s
Police forces is dual with the management machinery.
- State management of part-time training in the People’s
Police is governed by the regulations of the commanding and interior
of the People’s police in the process of management and training.
- State management of part-time training in the People’s
Police forces is highly focused in the organization of training
activities.
2.2.5. The need for state management of higher education
in the form of part-time training
- Firstly, to perform the state management function.
- Secondly, higher education development in the form of
part-time training should be based on overall policies, plans and
strategies at macro level.
- Thirdly, in the process of organizing higher education
activities in the form of part- time training, there appears conflict
between higher educational institutions, between individuals and
collectives as the inevitable of development.

- Fourthly, it’s the great role of higher education in the form
of part-time training in our country's higher education.
2.3. Components of state management of higher
education in the form part-time training
The components of state management of higher education are
specified in Article 68, Law on Higher Education with 12 terms.
Accordingly, the dissertation focuses on in-depth study of the
followings: 1. Formulating and directing the implementation of plans
and policies for higher education development in the form of parttime training. 2. Issuing and organizing the implementation of legal
documents on higher education in the form of part-time training. 3.
Organizing the apparatus of state management and higher education
management in the form of part-time training. 4. Organizing and
directing the training, retraining and managing of lecturers and
administrators of higher education in the form of part-time training.

5. Inspecting and examining the observance of law, settling
complaints and denunciations and any violations of the legislation on
higher education in the form of part-time training.
2.4. Factors affecting state management of higher
education in the form of part- time training
The dissertation produces statements on political, economic
and legal factors, human resource development orientation and
others.
2.5. Experience in state management of higher education
in the form of part-time training of some countries around the
world
In this section, the dissertation selects the models of State
management of higher education from Russia and China to present
and draw lessons because these two countries have long-standing
political, economic, social, educational and training relationships

with Vietnam, especially the very close link of training police
officers for Vietnam.
The writer of the dissertation draws some lessons that can be
applied to Vietnam as follows:
- Continuing encouraging people to access higher education
in the form of part- time training.
- Keeping equal viewpoints among training types.
- Assigning autonomy to higher education institutions in
terms of criteria, input enrollment, training organization and learner’s
capacity evaluation.
- Organizing the apparatus of higher education management
in the form part- time training in parallel and independently of fulltime training.
- Encouraging the application of scientific and technological
achievements as well as information technology advancements into
higher educational institutions in general and higher educational
institutions in the form of part-time training in particular.
- Organization of training and retraining of the contingent of
lecturers and educational managers, the inspection and examination
of the observance of the law on higher education in the form of parttime training are carried out like other types of higher education,
without any differences, priorities or distinctions.
- For higher education in the form of part-time training in the
sector of People’s police force: learners of different types of training
are equal in capacity assessment; strengthening the application of
scientific and technological achievements into higher education in the
form of part- time training and specialized electronic library system;
improving security and information security capacity; the system of

12

13