Đoàn kinh tế quốc phòng ở phía bắc việt nam tham gia xây dựng hệ thống chính trị cấp cơ sở trên địa bàn hiện nay tt tieng anh

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INTRODUCTION
1. Reasons for the study
Political system at the grassroots is one component of the socialist
PS in Vietnam, representing people’s power and interests; it is
considered as the place to conduct the Party’s guidelines and policies,
the State’s plans and laws in communes, wards and towns. Building
grassroots PS in Vietnam in general and in the Northern provinces in
particular is the responsibility of the whole Party, the entire people and
the whole army, in which, military units stationed in the area play an
important role, contributing to forming social-cultural establishments,
promoting economy and culture, and strengthening D-S in the area.
The ED zones were built within the framework of a proposal of
the Ministry of Defence, under the Government's hunger eradication and
poverty reduction program in extremely difficult communes, in strategic
areas in remote and isolated areas, borders and islands. Thus, building a
grassroots-level PS here is really strong and comprehensive, so that it
can lead and conduct the Party’s guidelines and policies and the State’s
plans and laws. The ED delegations in the North of Vietnam are the
forces directly involved in the construction of grassroots level grassroots
level in the area. This is an important political task to show the working
function of the Vietnam People's Army.
The fact in the past years shows that along with the
implementation of central political tasks, the ED delegations in the North
of our country have actively and actively participated in building
grassroots-level PS at the base station and achieved many important
achievements. The ED delegations have actively performed advisory
work to help the committees and local authorities and closely coordinate
between the parties to build and consolidate the organizational structure,
operational mechanisms, and strengthen cohesion and relationship with
people; improve the quality and performance of grassroots PS in the

area; and contribute to promote socio-economic development, preserve
cultural identity, and strengthen a strong D-S.
However, the process of the ED delegations in the North of
Vietnam participating in the construction of grassroots level
grassroots localities remains certain limitations. The work of advising
and assisting the Party Committees and grassroots administrations in
building and consolidating the organization and staff sometimes has
not been timely and the effectiveness is still low; mobilizing the
people and promoting the ownership of participation in building the
Party, local authorities and mass organizations; participating in


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resolving the relationship between the party committees, grassroots
administrations and the people with ineffective content, especially the
people's problems that have not been promptly addressed. The abovementioned limitations are due to many objective and subjective
reasons, but the subjective reasons are the main ones.
Presently, the changes of the world and domestic situation are posing
for the task of building grassroots-level PS, building grassroots-level PS in
the northern region of Vietnam, especially in areas where there are ED
stationed new issues. The Party Central Committee's Resolution Tenure XII
points out: Continuing to renovate and streamline the organization of the
PS system to be streamlined, effective and consistent with the socialistoriented market economy meaning to strengthen the leading role of the
Party; improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the State's management
and the quality of operations of the Fatherland Front and social-political
organizations; promote people's ownership. Accordingly, the ED
delegations in the North carried out the ED mission associated with
construction to improve cultural and social life, consolidate national
defence and security, and further improve the quality of participation in
construction. Grassroots-level PS is stationed in the political and urgent

tasks at present. From the above-mentioned theoretical and practical basis,
the author decides to choose the issue: "The economic-defence
delegations in the North of Vietnam participate in building the
grassroots political system in the area today" as his doctoral thesis, which
has great practical and theoretical significance at present.
2. Purposes and tasks of the study
Purposes
On the basis of clarifying the theoretical and practical issues of
the ED delegations in the North of Vietnam to participate in building the
grassroots level PS, the thesis proposes some requirements and solutions
to improving the quality of the ED delegations in the North of Vietnam
participate in building the grassroots-level PS in the area today.
Tasks
Giving an overview of the thesis-related research issues.
Clarifying the basic theoretical issues on the ED delegations in the
North of Vietnam participating in building the grassroots level PS in the
area today.
Assess the situation of the ED delegations in The North of
Vietnam participating in building the grassroots level PS in the area
today, indicating the causes and a number of issues that need to be
focused on solving.


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Proposing the key requirements and solutions to improve the
quality of the ED delegations in The North of Vietnam to participate in
building the grassroots level PS in the area today.
3. Object and scope of the study
Object
The activities of the ED delegations in the North of Vietnam to

participate in building the grassroots level PS in the area.
Scope
In terms of content: The basic theoretical and practical issues on
the ED delegations in the North of Vietnam participated in building the
grassroots level PS in the area today.
In terms of space: The area where ED delegations in the North
of Vietnam are performing their tasks (in particular, the ED areas in
the North of Vietnam); practical survey of activities of ED
delegations in The North of Vietnam participating in the construction
of grassroots level PS in areas of Military Region 1, Military Region
2, Military Region 3 and Military Zone 4; reference activities to
participate in the construction of grassroots level of grassroots ED
delegations in the country.
In terms of time: Studying, investigating and synthesizing operational
data of Northern ED delegations from 2000 to the present (the starting stage
of implementing the task of constructing ED zones).
4. Theoretical, practical basis and methodology
Theoretical basis
The thesis is based on Marxism – Leninism’s theory, Ho Chi Minh’s
ideology, views and the Communist Party of Vietnam’s guidelines on national
construction and defence; on building the grassroots level PS; on the role,
functions and tasks of the Vietnam People's Army and the ED delegations; on
the role of the Vietnam People's Army and the ED delegations in building the
grassroots level PS.
Practical basis
The thesis is based on the current situation of the ED delegations
in the North of Vietnam in participating in building the grassroots level
PS in the area in recent years (from the time when ED delegations
performed their tasks in the ED zones to Now), through preliminary and
final reports of party organizations, authorities, Fatherland Front, social

and political organizations, Central Military Commission, Ministry of
Defence, ED delegations and direct results for the actual survey by the
thesis’s author to clarify the research problems.


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Methodology
The thesis uses dialectical materialism and historical
materialism of Marxism - Leninism and synthesizes specialized
scientific methods such as: Method of logical and historical
combination; induction and interpretation, analysis, synthesis methods;
methods of statistics, comparisons and sociological surveys; expert
consultancy to fulfil the thesis’s objectives and tasks.
5. New contributions of the study
Analysing and clarifying the conception and the role of the ED
delegations in the North of Vietnam participating in building the
grassroots level PS in the area today.
Generalizing and interpreting the contents and methods of the ED
delegations in the North of Vietnam participate in building the grassroots
level PS in the area today.
Proposing some requirements and major solutions to improving
the quality of the ED delegations in the North of Vietnam participate in
building the grassroots level PS in the area today.
6. Theoretical and practical significance of the study
Theoretical significance
The results of the thesis contribute to further clarifying the theory
of building grassroots-level PS, especially on building the grassroots
level PS in the ED area; simultaneously, it also supplements and
develops the theory of the ED delegations in the North of Vietnam to
participate in building the grassroots level PS in the area today.

Practical significance
The results of the thesis contribute to providing scientific
arguments for reference for the Party committees, authorities and social
organizations at all levels to apply in their process of leadership and
management on improving the effectiveness of the participation in
building the grassroots level PS in the area today.
The thesis can be used as a reference in researching and teaching
related issues at different academies and schools in the Army as well as a
reference for grassroots officials today.
7. The structure of the study
The thesis includes: Introduction; 4 chapters (09 periods);
conclusions and recommendations; a list of published works related to
the topic; a list of references and appendices.


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Chapter 1
OVERVIEW OF THE THESIS-REALTED
RESEARCH SITUATION
1.1. The foreign works related to the thesis
1.1.1. The works on building political system and grassroots
political system
Typical works on political system and the grassroots political
system are: "The Soviet Communist Party in the political system of
Soviet society: Research methodological issues" by V.I.B.Baddon; "State
Reform" by Eric Gristi; "China’s peace rising" by Giang Tay Nguyen
and Ha Lap Binh and the article "Promoting the building of democratic
grassroots democracy, implementation of grassroots government and the
autonomy of the masses motivates each other in a positive way” by
Vuong Te Ngan. The above mentioned works have studied the basics of

the political system, the role of the members: the Party, the State and
political organizations in the political system.
1.1.2. The works on the military participating in building
political system and grassroots political system
Typically: "The Marxist - Leninism theory of war and the army"
by Voncongopop; "Party work, political work in the Soviet armed forces" by
E.Ph.Epxtratop, P.I.Cpenco, N.D. Coulomb; "Political Work of the People's
Liberation Army of China" by Zhang Yi and other authors; "Strategies to
protect national borders, inland waters, territorial waters, continental
shelves, exclusive economic zones and natural resources in those regions of
the Russian Federation in the 2001-2005 period" by Ministry of Defence of
the Russian Federation; "The relationship between economy and defence
during the renovation period in Lao People's Democratic Republic" by
Thoong Xet Phim Ma Vong; "Building economic and defence potentials in
the Lao People's Democratic Republic" and "Socio-economic development
with strengthening national defence and security, building a peaceful LaosVietnam border: friendship, sustainable development ” by Si Phon Keo Sa
May, etc.
The above-mentioned works introduce the role of the army: Firstly,
the new type of army must join the people in building and developing the
country. Secondly, taking part in socio-economic development and national
construction is a task belongs to the function of the army. Thirdly, borders,
sea and islands are important areas of the nation.
1.2. The works in the country related to the thesis
1.2.1. The works on grassroots political systems
There have been several works on grassroots political systems on
many different perspectives, namely: “Grassroots political system and
democratization of social life in rural and mountainous areas ethnic
minorities in the northern mountainous provinces of our country” by

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Nguyen Quoc Pham; "The basic political system characteristics, trends and
solutions" by Vu Hoang Cong; "Grassroots political system with the
settlement of complaints and denunciations of citizens today" by Do Thi
Thach and Pham Thanh Nam; "Some solutions contributing to stability and
development in the Central Highlands today" by Pham Hao (Editor);
"Scientific arguments and some solutions for building a contingent of ward
leaders" by Nguyen Duy Hung; and "Basic factors to ensure stability and
develop the political system in our country today" by Le Quoc Ly.
These works have clarified the theoretical and practical issues of
universal nature of PS in Vietnam, affirmed the very important position
and role of PS in general and grassroots-level PS in particular in building
and defending the Fatherland; in the process of revolution of Vietnam,
especially in the cause of comprehensive national renewal. In-depth
analysis of grassroots PS, clarifying characteristics, development trends
and pointing out some key solutions to consolidate and improve the
effectiveness of grassroots PS. Some works have thoroughly clarified the
factors affecting the organization and operation of grassroots-level PS
ethnic minority areas in the mountainous provinces and highlands in the
North of our country presently.
1.2.2. The works to the military participating in building the
grassroots political system
There have been several works on the military participating in
building grassroots political systems. Specifically: "Researching on the
scientific basis for building a strategy to protect Vietnam's border to the
year 2020" by Tran Hoa (Chief-editor); "The army participated in
building the political system at the base of ethnic and religious areas in
the Central Highlands in new conditions" by the Institute of Social
Sciences and Humanities; "Functions and duties of the Vietnam People's
Army - Some theoretical and practical issues" by Duong Van Luong

(chief editor); "The Border Guards participated in building and
strengthening the political system at the base of the Northern border
area" by Vu Dinh Liem; "Promoting the role of local soldiers in
building grassroots political systems to defeat the strategy of peaceful
evolution of the enemy in the Central Highlands today" by Nguyen
Truong Son; "Activities involved in building strong local facilities of
military units in the Central Highlands in the current period" by Nguyen
Tien Dung, etc. The works mentioned the role of military forces
organizations in formulating strategies to protect borders, ethnic
minority regions and religions, proposing contents and measures to build
grassroots-level PS at grassroots communes, wards and townships and


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ethnic minority regions , religion contributes to strengthening socialeconomic establishments in communes and wards in this area.
1.2.3. The works on the economic-defence zones and economicdefence delegations participating in building the grassroots political
systems in the area
* The works on the economic-defence zones
Typical works: "Combining national defence and security with
socio-economic development in economic-defence zone" by a group of
authors at Economic Department - Ministry of Defence; "Building a system
of statistical indicators and statistical methods to evaluate the socioeconomic efficiency of defence economic zones" by the Ministry of General
Staff and the Department of Economic Affairs; "A number of provisions on
policies on management, arrangement and population stabilization in
economic - defence zones and new economic zones" by Pham Van Quynh;
"Statistical methodology to research the results of activities of national
defence economic delegations (illustrated by data of national defence
economic delegations 327 - Military Region 3)" by Vu Van Tung.
The above-mentioned works have introduced the number of ED
zones in the country; point out advantages and disadvantages when

deploying investment in ED zones. At the same time, the topic focused on
clarifying the content and method of combining DS with socio-economic
development in the ED area, proposing some major solutions to combine
DS with social-economic development in the ED areas in the coming time.
* The works on economic - defence delegations participating in
building the grassroots political system
Typical works on this topic include: "Economic - Defence
delegations participating in preserving political security, social order
and safety on the land border line" by Tran Trung Tin (chief-editor);
"Building political bases in economic - defence zones in the area of the
current Military Region 1" by Nguyen Manh Huong (chief-editor);
"Economic - defence delegations implements the national policy of the
Party and our State today", by Nguyen Xuan Dai; "Army involved in
building socio-political bases in economic-defence zones" by a group of
authors led by Nguyen Vinh Thang (chairman) and some other articles
"The Economic – Defence Delegations N327 on the Northeast border of
the country" by Vu Quang Long; “Economic and national defence N326
- a solid foundation for people in the Northwest border region" by Chu
Ngoc Khanh.
These works have clarified the theoretical and practical issues of
the role of the ED delegations, the ED delegations involved in


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production, linking the economy with national defence and socioeconomic development of the country and tradition of the Army.
Through specific activities, the ED delegations have participated in the
construction of grassroots and grassroots level PS in the area,
contributing to the socio-economic development associated with
strengthening DS in the area, meeting requirements of building and
protecting the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.

1.3. An overview of the results of the thesis-related works and
the issues need further addressing in the thesis
1.3.1. An overview of the results of the thesis-related works
Firstly, the above works have mentioned the basic issues of
building political system and grassroots level PS.
An overview of the above works has mentioned quite
comprehensively the common issues as well as specific contents on the
grassroots and grassroots level: concept, structure, role of PS and
grassroots PS. Some works have thoroughly analysed the structure of PS
in our country, clarifying the characteristics of grassroots-level PS in
some specific areas; peculiarities of grassroots PS in rural and
mountainous areas; indicating requirements, require building PS and
grassroots level PS. Most of the works have clarified the significance
and importance of building grassroots-level PS, and proposing solutions
to building a powerful PS to meet the requirements of socio-economic
development, associated with consolidation.
Secondly, the works have studied the role of different forces in
participating in building PS and grassroots level PS.
In many works, the authors have approached, researched and initially
given the concept of the role, content, methods of entities involved in
building grassroots-level PS. Participating in building grassroots level and
grassroots level is not a new issue, but belongs to the nature, functions, tasks
and has become our Army’s fine tradition. Today, the military involved in
building PS and grassroots-level PS is defined from the functions, tasks and
continuity of the traditional "Uncle Ho's Soldier" in each determined area.
Some works have analysed and clarified the content and method of
performing the role of the army in participating in the construction of
grassroots-level PS on a number of different localities.
Thirdly, the works have studied and assessed the current situation
military units participating in building some aspects of the grassrootslevel PS in different areas.

A number of works have assessed the advantages, limitations and
indicated the causes of military units in participating in the construction


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of grassroots-level PS in the area. In particular, there are a number of
works that have mentioned the situation of ED delegations participating
in the construction of grassroots level PS in the Northern mountainous
region, especially in building and consolidating party organizations,
authorities, and organizing social-political activities at the grassroots
level, contributing to improving the leadership and fighting capacity of
the grassroots party organizations, the effectiveness and management
efficiency of the authorities at all levels. However, there has not been
any work in the North researching on the current situation of building
grassroots-level PS of the ED delegation systematically,
comprehensively and thoroughly.
Fourthly, the works have proposed a number of basic
requirements and solutions for the military units to improve the quality
of participating in building grassroots-level PS in some areas.
From the analysis to clarify the theoretical basis and the status of
military units, the ED missions are performing their tasks in the
identified areas, with different approaches, subjects and scope of
research. At the same time, many works mention solutions to build
grassroots-level PS and improve the effectiveness of grassroots-level PS
construction in military units in specific areas. However, there has not
been any work that has proposed systematic, comprehensive and direct
solutions to improving the quality and effectiveness of the grassroots PS
construction in the localities of the ED delegations in the North. That is a
gap that needs researching and interpreting.
1.3.2. The issues need further addressing in the thesis

Firstly, the thesis clarifies the concepts and characteristics of grassrootslevel PS in the area where the ED delegations stationed in the North.
The thesis will focus on clarifying the conception of grassrootslevel PS and building grassroots-level PS; structure and functions of
grassroots PS; giving the concept of grassroots-level PS in the Northern
region. In particular, the dissertation focused on explaining and
clarifying the dominant characteristics of grassroots-level PS activities in
the Northern ED area to differentiate and find out the specific
characteristics of grassroots-level PS here; answering the question PS
here is nothing different from grassroots PS in other areas of the
country? Accordingly, it identifies advantages and disadvantages of
grassroots-level PS in the Northern ED area in implementing the tasks of
leading, directing and organizing local people to perform the tasks of
socio-economic development, ED consolidation and foreign affairs; it


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seeks to identify key issues need further addressing in building
grassroots-level PS in the ED area of the North presently.
Secondly, the thesis investigates and clarifies the conception,
content, method and role of the ED delegations in the North of Vietnam
to participate in building grassroots-level PS in the area today.
The clarification of conception, role and content, the method of
ED delegations in the North of Vietnam participating in the construction
of grassroots-level PS in the locality is now valuable, profoundly
theoretical and practical because these are "gaps" that previous works
have not systematically mentioned. These are important issues, basic
arguments, which are crucial to the success of the thesis. Only
understanding which ED delegations is the force of the army; How to
participate in building grassroots-level PS in the area, with basic content
and methods, then can have a proper awareness base, accurately assess
the advantages, achievements, limitations, inadequacies and

implementation of measures to improve the quality of building
grassroots-level PS of the ED delegations at the locality of in the North.
Thirdly, the thesis conducts research; analyses data assesses the
current situation and clarifies issues raised by the ED delegations in the
North of Vietnam in participating in the establishment of grassroots-level
PS at the local level presently.
To assess the current situation, the thesis needs to clarify the
achievements of the ED delegations in the activities to participate in
building grassroots-level PS; point out the limitations and problems that
need to be removed. The dissertation also needs to explore in depth the
causes of achievements and limitations of the ED delegations in
participating in the establishment of grassroots-level PS including both
objective and subjective causes. On that basis, identifying the issues
raised to ensure the effectiveness of the establishment of grassroots-level
PS of the ED delegations.
Fourthly, the thesis continues to study and propose main
requirements and solutions to improving the quality of the Northern ED
delegations to participate in building grassroots level PS in the area in
the coming time.
The identification of requirements includes both perceptions,
goals, forces and methods. The thesis also needs to propose the main
solutions to improve the quality of the ED delegations in the North of
Vietnam to participate in the construction of grassroots-level PS in the
area in the near future. Solutions include top-down solutions, solutions
related to mechanisms, policies, training and retraining issues. These


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proposed solutions must be synchronous, practical and feasible in order
to improve the quality of the ED delegations in the North of Vietnam

participating in building grassroots-level PS in the current area so as to
meet requirements and tasks in the new period.
Chapter 2
SOME THEORETICAL ISSUES ON
THE ECONOMIC-DEFENSE DELEGATIONS IN THE NORTH
OF VIETNAM PARTICIPATING IN BUILDING THE
GRASSROOTS POLITICAL SYSTEM IN THE AREA TODAY
2.1. The economic-defence delegations and grassroots political
system in the area of economic-defence zones in the North of
Vietnam today
2.1.1. The conception, characteristics of economic - defence
delegations in the North of Vietnam today
* The conception of economic – defence delegations and
economic - defence delegations in the North of Vietnam today
The concept of economic - defence delegations: economic defence delegations is a specific type of military unit, established by the
Ministry of Defence to implement the objectives and tasks of the
economic zone project - national defence.
The functions of the ED delegations: As a specific type of unit of
the Vietnam People's Army, the ED delegations also simultaneously
perform three functions of the Army: the function of fighting, working
and producing goods.
The task of the ED delegations: perform mission ready to fight;
tasks of mobilizing people, contributing to ensuring social order and
safety, strengthening the defence - security posture and participating in
economic construction and production.
In terms of payroll organization: At present, the ED delegations are
organized under the 3-level or 2-level model. The ED delegations are
organized in 3 levels, including: delegations; companies, agriculture, forestry
farms; training unit, battle ready, and production team. The ED delegations are
organized in 2 levels: delegations, production team. The payroll of the ED

delegations depends on the specific conditions, possibly the number of troops
and the equivalent authorities of battalions, regiments and brigades.
The conception of economic - defence delegations in the North of
Vietnam today:
The ED delegations in the North of Vietnam intended in the thesis
are the ED delegations performing the tasks in the Northern ED zones,
which are limited in geographic space including ED delegations stands


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on the northern provinces (from Thua Thien Hue). At present, in the
North of Vietnam, there are 13 ED delegations on 16 missions, including
165 communes, wards and towns in 29 districts, 12 provinces in the
North of our country.
Therefore, the ED delegations in the North of Vietnam include the
ED delegations under the Military Region or the Military Command of
the provinces, stationed in the areas of Military Region 1, Military
Region 2, Military Zone 3, Military Region 4 and the northern border
provinces of Vietnam.
* The characteristics of the economic - national defence
delegations in the North of Vietnam today:
Firstly, the functions and tasks of the ED delegations in the North
of Vietnam are concretizing the functions and tasks of the Vietnam
People's Army.
Secondly, the ED delegations in the North of Vietnam have a
difference in the size of organization and arrangement of forces.
Thirdly, the activities of the ED delegations in the North of
Vietnam are influenced by the characteristics of the situation in the area.
The conception of the area of economic - defence delegations in the
North: is the economic - defence zone in the North, this is the term used to refer

to economic - defence zones built in Northern provinces of Vietnam. In the
framework of a proposal of the Ministry of Defence, under the Government's
hunger eradication and poverty reduction program in extremely difficult
communes in strategic areas in remote, border and island areas.
The characteristics of the ED area in the North of Vietnam:
The ED zones in the North are built on a large area, the size is
not the same, not consistent with organizations or an administrative
unit.
The ED zones in the North were built in areas with many socio-economic
difficulties, with many ethnic minorities and low population densities.
The ED zones in the North are strategic areas with significance of DS.
The ED zones in the North have been developed in areas with
traditional revolutionary struggle.
2.1.2. The grassroots political system in the economic-defence
zones in the North of Vietnam today
* The conception of grassroots political system
The conception of political system: is defined as a category used
to refer to a whole group of parties, unions, socio-political organizations
that exist within the framework of law, with a state of the ruling class to
influence social processes in order to maintain and promote that society.


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The conception of political system in Vietnam: is known as a
socialist political system, including the whole organization: the Communist
Party of Vietnam, the State of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, the Vietnam
Fatherland Front Men and socio-political organizations in close
relationship with each other, along with operating mechanisms to enhance
the Party's leadership role, the effectiveness and efficiency of the State's
management, ensure and uphold the people's ownership.

The conception of political system at grassroots level: is a part of
the political system in Vietnam including party organization,
government, Fatherland Front and socio-political organizations, in
which party organization It is the nucleus leading the political system,
organized at the commune, ward and town level, operating under the
Constitution and laws of the State in order to promote the people's
ownership and fully perform the tasks of economy, culture, society,
national defence and security.
* An overview of political system at grassroots level in the
economic-defence zone in the North of Vietnam today
The conception of grassroots political system in the economic and
defence zone in the North of Vietnam: is a part of the national political
system, is organized in communes, wards and towns; including the party
organization, the government, the Fatherland Front and socio-political
organizations in close connection with each other, operating under
certain principles and mechanisms to implement the Party's guidelines
and policies. , State and local authorities, ensuring and promoting
people’s role of ownership.
The conception indicates:
The basic function of grassroots-level PS in the North of Vietnam
Economic Zone is to organize and mobilize people to implement the
Party and State's guidelines and policies and socio-economic
development goals, consolidate DS; strengthening the great unity of the
entire nation, building and perfecting socialist democracy, ensuring
power belonging to the people; fighting and preventing all intrigues and
tricks of hostile forces; and building a clean and strong grassroots PS.
The grassroots Party organization (including grassroots party committee,
grassroots party committee) in the ED area of the North of Vietnam
The grassroots government in the ED area of the North of
Vietnam includes the People's Council and People's Committee in

communes, wards and towns.
Vietnam Fatherland Front and social-political organizations in
the ED area of the North of Vietnam (including: Vietnamese Trade


14
Union, Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union, Vietnam Veterans
Association, Vietnam Association) Vietnam Women's Union, Vietnam
Farmers Association)
Regarding the mechanism of operation of grassroots-level PS in
the economic-defence zone in the North of Vietnam
* The characteristics dominate the operation of the grassroots political
system in the area of the economic-defence area in the North of Vietnam today.
Firstly, the operation of the grassroots-level PS in the Northern
ED area in the context of wide area, complex terrain, limited
development level.
Secondly, the quality of grassroots-level PS in the northern region's ED
remains low and uneven; the size of the organization is not uniform.
Thirdly, the operation of grassroots-level PS in the ED area in the
North of Vietnam is heavily influenced by complicated relations, ethnic
and religious situations.
2.2. The conception, content, method and role of economicdefence delegations in The North of Vietnam participating in
building grassroots political system in the area today
2.2.1. The conception, content, method of economic - defence
delegations in The North of Vietnam participating in building
grassroots political system in the area today
* The conception of building a grassroots political system
Base on Marxism-Leninism’s views, Ho Chi Minh’s ideology, the
Communist Party's policy on the political system, grassroots-level PS, it
can be included that: Building a political system grassroots level is the

total of activities of entities in order to improve the organizational
structure, operation mechanisms and improve the quality, effectiveness
and efficiency of the whole system as well as of each cadre and public.
officials and employees in that system at the grassroots level, ensuring
the leading role of the Party, effective management of the State,
promoting the people's ownership in every aspect of social life.
The concept points out:
The subjects and forces of building grassroots PS
The contents of building grassroots PS
The methods of building grassroots PS
The purposes of building a grassroots PS
* The conception of economic - defence delegations in The North of
Vietnam participating in building grassroots political system in the area today
Based on the functions and tasks of the ED delegations and the
practical implementation of the missions in the ED zones, it can be


15
defined: The economic-defence delegations in The North of Vietnam
participates in the construction of the system grassroots politics in the
locality is a total of activities based on functions and tasks, contributing
to perfecting the apparatus, operating mechanism, improving the
quality, effectiveness and efficiency of each element and the whole
political system, promoting the people's ownership, meeting the
requirements and the tasks of local comprehensive development.
The conception indicates:
The subjects and forces involved in building grassroots-level PS in the
area include: party organizations, command organizations, teams, working
groups, cadres, soldiers, workers and employees of the ED delegations.
The purpose of the ED delegations in the North participating in

building grassroots-level PS is to contribute to building grassroots-level
HTCs in a really clean and strong area; contribute to the grassroots
organizations and members to coordinate activities in a smooth,
synchronized manner, improve the operational efficiency of grassroots
level grassroots, meet the requirements of leadership and social
management in the area.
The nature and scope of the ED delegations participating in
building grassroots level PS in the area show consistency in the process
of implementing the contents, forms and methods that the ED
delegations participates in. The process of participating in building
grassroots level at the ED zones, the ED delegations is not the decisive
force, but the participating force.
* The content of economic - defence delegations in The North of
Vietnam participating in building grassroots political system in the area today
Firstly, participate in building, strengthening and perfecting
grassroots-level PS organizations in the area.
Specifically:
Participate in building strong party and grassroots party
organizations.
Participate in building strong grassroots governments.
Participate in consolidating and perfecting the Fatherland Front
and social-political organizations.
Secondly, participate in developing mechanisms among the
elements in the grassroots political system, between the grassroots
political system and the national defence-economic delegations and
forces and people in the locality.
Thirdly, participate in building the contingent of cadres, civil
servants and officials in grassroots level in the locality.

16
Fourthly, participate in economic, cultural and social development,
strengthen DS, and fight against wrong views, which contribute to the
construction and protection of grassroots-level PS in the area.
* The methods of economic - defence delegations in The North of
Vietnam participating in building grassroots political system in the area today
Firstly, propaganda, mobilizing the people and armed forces in
the ED area to participate in building grassroots-level PS.
Secondly, implement the ED projects and other tasks in the
locality to build grassroots-level PS.
Thirdly, give advice and propose to the Party Committee and local
authorities in building grassroots level PS.
Fourthly, coordinate with the Party committees, authorities and
forces in the locality to participate in building grassroots level PS.
2.2.2. The role of the economic - defence delegations in The
North of Vietnam participating in building grassroots political system
in the area today.
Firstly, the ED delegations participating in building grassrootslevel PS to improve the quality of grassroots PS components, creating a
solid political base for the ED area in the North to be fully developed.
Secondly, contribute to strengthen the relationship between the
Party, the State, the army and the people, building a great unity of the
entire people; promote the army’s nature and tradition.
Thirdly, the economic-defence delegations are an important force
contributing to maintaining political security, social order and safety,
creating a peaceful environment for the Northern economic-defence
zone to develop comprehensively and fully.
Fourthly, contribute to the economic, cultural and social
development, gradually enhancing the material and spiritual life of the
people, and formulating a basis for building a powerful grassroots-level
PS of the ED zones in the North.

Conclusion of chapter 2
The economic - national defence delegation is a special unit of the
Vietnam People's Army, fulfilling the tasks in the ED area, having a very
important position and role in participating in building the grassrootslevel PS in the area. The content of participating in building grassrootslevel PS in the Northern ED zone is building both organizations and
people in grassroots-level PS, participating in developing regulations on
coordination of activities between members and relationship between
grassroots PS and people in the area. In addition, in order to effectively
implement the contents of building grassroots-level PS, the Northern ED
delegations have the methods of participating appropriate to their
conditions and abilities.
Chapter 3


17
THE CURRENT SITUATION OF THE ECONOMIC–DEFENSE
DELEGATIONS IN THE NORTH OF VIETNAM
PARTICIPATING IN BUILDING THE GRASSROOTS
POLITICAL SYSTEM IN THE AREA TODAY
3.1. The achievements and shortcomings of the economicdefence delegations in the North of Vietnam participating in
building the grassroots political system in the area today
3.1.1. The achievements of the economic-defence delegations in
the North of Vietnam participating in building the grassroots political
system in the area today
* The ED delegations in the North have actively and effectively
participated in building the grassroots PS in the area.
Firstly, the economic-defence delegations in the North of Vietnam
have actively and effectively participated in building the party
organizations in the area.
Secondly, the economic-defence delegations in the North of Vietnam
have made important contributions to the building of local governments.

Thirdly, the economic-defence delegations in the North of
Vietnam have participated in and coordinated to build the Fatherland
Front and local socio-political organizations, contributing to improving
the effectiveness of democracy implementation in the area.
* The Northern ED delegations have actively participated in
building mechanisms, contributing to consolidating and strengthening
close relationships between the grassroots PS; between grassroots-level
PS and ED delegations, different forces and people in the area.
Firstly, actively participate in building mechanisms, contributing
to strengthening and strengthening close relationships between the
divisions in the grassroots political system.
Secondly, regularly give advice on building and consolidating the
relationship between the local political system and economic-defence
delegations, military units and police in the area.
Thirdly, participate in building and strengthening the relationship
between the grassroots political system and the people in the area.
Fourthly, actively advise and coordinate to participate in building
and consolidating the relationship between the grassroots political
system as well as the higher political system.
* The ED delegations in the North have taken many forms and
measures to contribute to improving the quality of officials, civil
servants and officials of grassroots level grassroots in the area.
Firstly, education and propaganda are paid due attention.
Secondly, actively coordinate with the Party committees, authorities
and mass organizations at local levels regarding the staff fostering.


18
Thirdly, give effective advice and proposals to the Party
Committees and local authorities in building a contingent of officials.

* The ED delegations in the North have conducted many
activities to help the local develop socio-economy, consolidate DS;
proactively and actively fight to defeat many intrigues and sabotage
activities of hostile forces, contributing to the protection of grassrootslevel PS.
Firstly, there are several practical programs and activities that
contribute to socio-economic development in the area.
Secondly, contribute to strengthening the DS posture in the area.
Thirdly, proactively and actively fight against the conspiracy and
anti-sabotage activities of hostile forces, contributing to the grassrootslevel PS protection.
3.1.2. The shortcomings of economic-defence delegations in the
North of Vietnam participating in building the grassroots political
systems in the area today
* Some contents of participating in building grassroots-level
organizations in the grassroots-level localities in the Northern region of
ED delegations are not really efficient; the methods are not diversified
and appropriate.
* The effectiveness of participating in the coordination
mechanism between grassroots-level PSs, between grassroots-level PS
with the ED delegation and forces and people in the area is not really
clear and fail to create the complete unity.
* The results of PS's participation in building cadres, party
members, civil servants, officials and members in some localities have
low content and quality that do not meet the requirements and tasks. .
* The results of participating in economic, cultural and social
development associated with strengthening DS and struggling to defeat the
conspiracy, activities and anti-sabotage rhetoric of hostile forces, the PS
protection on some certain areas is still not adequate and effective.
3.2. The causes and some issues raised from the reality of the
economic - defence delegations in the North of Vietnam participating in
building the grassroots political system in the area today

3.2.1. The causes of achievements and shortcomings of the
economic-defence delegation in the North of Vietnam participating in
the building the grassroots political system in the area today
* The causes of achievements
Firstly, the proper guidelines, policies and policies of the Party,
the State, the Central Military Commission, the Ministry of Defence in
the socio-economic development and the construction of grassroots-level
PS in the ED area create favourable conditions for the ED delegation to
fulfil the tasks successfully.


19
Secondly, there is due attention in leading, directing, investing,
and ensuring the material and spiritual conditions of the Party, the State
and the Ministry of Defence for the ED areas.
Thirdly, the attention, help create favourable conditions for the Party
committees, local authorities and people to the Northern Union of ED in
performing the task of participating in building the grassroots-level PS on locality.
Fourthly, the sense of responsibility, initiative, and creativity to
overcome difficulties in fulfilling the ED tasks of officials and soldiers
in the North of Vietnam.
* The causes of shortcomings of the economic - defence
delegations in the North of Vietnam participating in building the
grassroots political system in the area today
Firstly, the difficulties and obstacles in terms of geography,
economy, culture, society, security and national defence in the Northern
region where the ED delegations are performing their tasks.
Secondly, the sabotage of hostile forces in the ED zones of the
North of Vietnam.
Thirdly, a number of party committees and commanders of the ED

team in the North have not attached proper importance to the leadership
and direction for the task of participating in building the grassroots-level
PS in the area.
Fourthly, the qualifications and working capacity of some ED
cadres and soldiers in the North are inadequate.
3.2.2. Some issues raised from the reality of the economic defence delegations in the North of Vietnam participating in building
the grassroots political system in the area today
Firstly, the inadequate awareness of organizations and forces in
the process of directing and organizing the ED Division in the North to
participate in building grassroots-level PS in the area.
Secondly, the issue of overcoming the difficulties and
inadequacies of the ED delegations in the North of Vietnam.
Thirdly, inadequacies in coordination mechanism to participate in
building the grassroots-level PS between the ED delegations in the North
with other organizations and forces in the locality.
Fourthly, inadequacies in policies and remuneration for officials
and soldiers of the ED delegations participating in building the
grassroots-level PS in the area.
Conclusion of chapter 3
In the past recent years, the ED delegations in the North have
thoroughly grasped the resolutions, guidelines and policies of the Party,


20
the State, resolutions and directives of the Central Military Commission
and the Ministry of Defence on the task of participating in building the
grassroots PS; closely coordinate with different related levels, branches
and forces; constantly renewing the contents and measures to participate
in building the grassroots-level PS, the quality of participation in
building grassroots-level PS in the locality of the ED delegations is

improved significantly.
However, besides the achievements in the tasks of
participating in building the grassroots-level PS, the ED delegations
in the North also show certain limitations such as: some contents of
participation in building the grassroots-level PS of the ED
delegations is not stable; the results of participating in the
mechanism of coordination and consolidation, strengthening the
relationship between different related parts are still unclear and fail
to form the absolute unity; the effectiveness in building a contingent
of cadres, civil servants and public employees remains limited;
construction investment, socio-economic development, DS
consolidation, grassroots PS protection are not solid and firmly.
Chapter 4
THE MAJOR REQUIREMENTS AND SOLUTIONS TO
IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF THE ECONOMIC-DEFENCE
DELEGATIONS IN THE NORTH OF VIETNAM
PARTICIPATING IN BUILDING THE GRASSROOTS
POLITICAL SYSTEM IN THE AREA TODAY
4.1. The requirements for improving the quality of the
economic-defence delegations in the North of Vietnam participating
in building the grassroots political system in the area today
4.1.1. The economic-defence delegations should thoroughly
grasp the views and policies of the Party, the State, the Central
Military Commission and the Ministry of Defence on building a
grassroots political system, strictly implementing functions and the
Army and the ED delegations’ tasks
4.1.2. The economic-defence delegations taking part in
building grassroots political systems must be associated with
socio-economic development, building a strong defence-security
posture and locality

4.1.3. The economic-defence delegations in The North of Vietnam
must coordinate and promote the power of different organizations and
forces in building the grassroots political system in the area


21
4.1.4. The contents of the economic-defence delegations in the
North of Vietnam participating in building the grassroots political
system in the locality must be comprehensive, comprehensive,
practical, effective and appropriate to conditions and of specific units,
their characteristics and local situations
4.2. Some major solutions to improving the quality of the
economic-defence delegations in the North of Vietnam in building
the grassroots political system in the area today
4.2.1. Raising awareness and responsibility of different
organizations and forces of the economic-defence delegations
participating in building the grassroots political systems in the area
This solution is the main one and most important for the ED
delegations in the North of Vietnam. The following basic points should
be taken into consideration to implement this solution effectively:
Firstly, identify the comprehensive and focused educational content.
Secondly, combine appropriate measures and forms of education
to raise officials and soldiers’ awareness and responsibility for the
participation in building grassroots-level PS.
4.2.2. Building the strong economic and defence delegations in
the North of Vietnam to meet the socio-economic development tasks
and participating in building grassroots political systems in the area
This is the basic solution, creating strength for the ED delegations
to successfully complete every task. The following basic points should
be taken into consideration to implement this solution:

Firstly, regularly consolidate the Party Committees and the
leading cadres, to improve the leadership and leadership of the units
involved in building a strong grassroots level PS.
Secondly, strictly abide by the leadership of the upper Party
Committee, the help of agencies in building grassroots-level PS in the locality.
Thirdly, formulate and promote the operational role of working groups
and related organizations in building the grassroots-level PS in the locality.
Fourthly, implement the payroll of the organization in a
reasonable and sufficient quantity and quality; fostering cadres,
soldiers, workers and employees with political, economic, legal and
cultural knowledge, meeting the requirements of participating in the
construction of grassroots-level PS.
4.2.3. Adding and perfecting the mechanism of coordination
between the economic and defence delegations with the Party
committees, local administrations and standing forces in the locality


22
This is a basic solution, which is crucial to effectively participate
in building grassroots level at present. The following basic points should
be taken into consideration to implement this solution effectively:
Firstly, unify different views and clearly define the contents and
coordination mechanism between the ED delegation in the North with
the Party committees and the authorities in the area.
Secondly, renew and complete the coordination mechanism between
the ED delegations in the North and other related forces in the area.
4.2.4. Actively assisting the locality in economic, cultural and
social development, strengthening national defence and security, and
contributing to building a powerful grassroots political system
This solution is vital, in order to implement this solution, the

following issues need to be focused:
Firstly, participate in helping local economic development in
accordance with the characteristics and conditions of each region.
Secondly, implement the planning and population arrangement, focusing
on well settling the objectives of settlement, emigration and migration.
Thirdly, give advice to the localities on the plan to build and
develop rural infrastructure in communes and remote areas.
Fourthly, the ED delegations in the North need to closely
coordinate with the education and training sector at all levels, schools,
cultural information sectors in the area to contribute to the cultural and
educational development.
Fifthly, coordinate closely with grassroots health care and directly
participate in helping prevent epidemics, provide medical examination
and treatment for people in communes, wards and villages.
Sixthly, proactively master the situation, closely coordinate with
the Party committees, local authorities and departments, forces to
participate in preventing "peaceful evolution" of overthrowing riots,
solving "hot places” in the area, strengthening national defence and
maintaining the grassroots-level security.
4.2.5. Conducting effectively the policies and ensuring
necessary conditions for economic-defence delegations in the North of
Vietnam participating in building grassroots political systems in the
area today
This is an important solution, which has positive impact on the
results of the ED delegations in the North of Vietnam to participate in
the construction of grassroots-level PS in the area today. Implementing
this solution, the following contents should be taken into consideration:
Firstly, implement the treatment policy for cadres, soldiers and
rear military policy.
Secondly, consider, adjust, add, complete and well implement policies

to create the source of ethnic minority cadres and personnel’s work.


23
Thirdly, pay attention to policies for young intellectuals who
volunteered to work in the area.
Conclusion of chapter 4
The ED delegations in the North of Vietnam participating in the
construction of grassroots-level PS in the area are of great importance. In
order to improve the quality of the ED delegations in the North of
Vietnam participating in the construction of grassroots-level PS in the
current locality, it is necessary to follow these requirements: thoroughly
grasp the Party and the Sate’s views and policies on socio-economic
development, national defence, the Army’s functions and tasks and the
ED delegations in participating in building the grassroots-level PS;
combining socio-economic development with the construction of the DS
posture; coordinating and promoting the power of different related
organizations and forces; the contents participating in construction must
be practical and effective; the ways and measures need to be in line with
the units' conditions, capabilities and characteristics.
It is necessary to synchronously implement the following
solutions in the coming time: raising awareness and responsibility of the
ED delegations participating in the construction of grassroots-level PS in
the locality; forming the strong and comprehensive ED delegations;
supplementing and completing the coordination mechanism between the
ED delegations with the Party committees, local authorities and military
units in building grassroots-level PS in the area; combining building the
strong grassroots PS with active participation in promoting economic,
cultural and social development, strengthening DS; effectively
implementing the policies, ensuring necessary conditions to improve the

quality of the ED delegations in the North of Vietnam participating in
the construction of grassroots-level PS in the area.
CONCLUSION
1. Building the grassroots-level PS is the responsibility of the
whole PS, the people nationwide and the entire military, of which the ED
delegations in the North of Vietnam is a direct and regular force in the
ED areas.
2. Along with the assigned functions and other tasks, the ED
delegations in the North have conducted several contents with
various ways to participate in building the grassroots-level PS in the
area. By specific contents and methods of participation, the ED
delegations in the North have obtained a number of achievements
with great significance in building grassroots-level PS, which
directly contribute to the poverty reduction, socio-economic


24
development and DS consolidation in the strategic and remote areas
as well as the country’s borders areas and islands.
3. In the past recent years, the activities of participating in
building the grassroots PS of the ED delegations in the North of
Vietnam have made a crucial contribution to the construction and
improvement of the quality of various organizations of the Party
and the Government. However, the participation in building the
grassroots-level PS of the ED delegations in the North remains
certain limitations and inadequacy. These achievements and
limitations are caused by both objective and subjective factors,
which need to be promoted or addressed.
4. In order to meet the requirements on building and consolidating
the strong grassroots PS, the requirements of leadership and local

administrations to successfully implement the tasks of building the
grassroots PS, the ED delegations in the North of Vietnam need to
thoroughly grasp and understand the requirements and implement
synchronous solutions to contribute to improving the quality of the
grassroots-level PS in the area.
5. The issue of the ED delegations in the North Vietnam
participating in building the grassroots-level PS in the locality is a
new and quite complicated one. In this thesis, the author only studies
the general issues, so it is difficult to avoid certain limitations and
inadequacies. The comments and contributions of scientists are
highly appreciated so that the thesis’s points could be fully understood
and clarified.