Tài liệu ANH VĂN LỚP 11

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GERUNDS & INFINITIVES

I.

GERUND

: ( danh động từ ) ( V + ING )

1. Subject of a sentence (làm chủ ngữ trong c©u) 
Ex: Reading the story of Kieu is interesting .

2. Complement of To Be after Subject of Thing + To Be (làm bổ ngữ của đọng từ to 
be sau chủ ngữ là vật)

Ex : My hobby is fishing .

3. After Prepositions (sau giíi tõ) 
Ex : She is interested in learning English .
4. After some verbs : Verbs + Gerund

Admit (thừa nhận, coõng nhận), avoid ( traựnh, neự), appreciate (đánh giá cao), defer / delay /postpone/ put 
off (trỡ hoaừn, đình lại), deny( choỏi), detest/ dislike( khõng thớch,khõng ửa), discuss (thảo luận), 
consider( xem xeựt, cửựu xeựt), enjoy (thửụỷng thửực, hửụỷng), escape (trốn thoát), finish (hoaứn taỏt, laứm 
xong), give up/ quit: tửứ boỷ, thoõi), imagine (tửụỷng tửụùng), keep( giửừ), not mind ( khõng phiền), miss 
(lỡ), practise ( thửùc haứnh), suggest( ủeà nghũ), prevent (ngăn chặn/ cản), can’t help( khoõng theồ 
ngaờn caỷn), can’t stand (khõng theồ chũu ủửùng ủửụùc), can't help (khơng thể ngăn cản )resit (thi 
lại), resist (kháng cự lại, chống lại), cease (ngừng, đừng) ….etc.

I always avoid making noise in class. 
Have you finished writing the report ?

Anne practised playing the piano at an early age

I don’t mind doing a lot of homework. 
He can’t stand working ten hours a day. 
When did you give up smoking, Bill ?

5. VERB+PREPOSITIONS + GERUND : Động từ theo sau giới từ thường dùng ở dạng Gerund. 
Approve of ( chấp thuận, tán đồng), argue about ( tranh cãi về…), complain about ( than phiền, phàn 
nàn về…), concentrate on ( tập trung vào…), depend on ( tùy thuộc vào…), decide on ( quyết định 
về…), feel like ( cảm thấy thích, thiên về…), forget about ( quên về…). Look forward to ( trơng mong, 
ngóng…), insist on ( nài nỉ…), keep on ( cứ tiếp tục…), object to ( phản đối về…), plan on ( dự tính 
về…), rely on ( tin vào, dựa vào…), succeed in ( thành công trong việc…), think about ( nghĩ về…), worry 
about ( lo nghĩ về…, lo lắng về…).

I’m interested in listening to music on the radio. 
He’s bored with staying at home day after day. 
 Some people are afraid of driving in rush hours.

Many overweight people try to lose weight by going on 
a diet.

Don’t forget to turn off the gas before going out

6. ADJECTIVE + PREPOSITION + GERUND: Các tính từ đi kèm giới từ được theo sau bởi Gerund. 
Accustomed to ( quen với…), afraid of ( lo sợ, e sợ về…), ashamed of ( xấu hổ về…), capable of ( có 
khả năng, có thể… ) bored with ( chán với…), disappointed in / with ( thất vọng về…), fond of ( 
thích về…), hopeful of ( hy vọng về…), intent on ( đeo đuổi, chăm chú về…), interested in ( quan tâm 
về…), opposed to ( chống đối với…),proud of ( hãnh diện về…), responsible for ( có trách nhiệm 
về…), sorry about ( ân hận về…), successful in ( thành công trong…), surprised at ( ngạc nhiên 
về…), tired from ( mệt nhọc vì…), tired of ( chán với…), worried about ( lo lắng về….).used to ( quen 
với…).

Police soon get accustomed to arresting criminals. 
Are you capable of completing the work within an hour ?

Eli Whitney is famous for inventing the cotton gin

The driver was intent on passing the other car. 
The treasurer is responsible for keeping the 
books

7. After some Verbs + Object Combinations 
Ex: We saw the thief entering the house.

Or He spent five hours doing his task.

8. In some other structures :

It’s no good / use, there is no point, what’s the point of, what about , be worth, be busy, look forward to, be used to
/ be accustomed to / get used to, can’t help, can’t bear, can’t stand ……

It is no use saying that I am used to getting up early.

II.

THE INFINITIVE

( TO + VERB )

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Ex : To help her is my duty.

2. Verbs + to - Infinitive

Agree ( ủoàng yự,nhaỏt trớ), afford, appear ( xuaỏt hieọn), arrange( saộp xeỏp,thu xeỏp), attempt( coỏ gaộng), 
ask ( ủoứi hoỷi,yẽu cầu), choose ( chón, lửùa), decide ( quyeỏt ủũnh), demand ( ra leọnh), expect ( mong,troõng 
ngoựng), fail ( hoỷng,khoõng thaứnh coõng,(thi) rụựt), happen (xaỷy ra) , hope ( hy voùng), learn ( hay tin), 
manage ( xoay sụỷ, tửù lo ủửụùc), offer ( daõng ,taởng), plan ( keỏ hoaùch, dửù tớnh), pretend ( giaỷ vụứ), promise 
(hửựa heùn), refuse ( tửứ choỏi), seem ( coự veỷ nhử, dửụứng nhử), threaten ( ủe doùa), want, wish ( ao ửụực),

would like ( muoỏn), intend (dự định), tend (có xu h-ớng), claim (tuyên bố, khẳng 
định), desire (mơ -ớc, mong muốn), hope, hesitate (do dự, ngập ngừng) …etc.

I decide to study engineering at University

She’s expecting to get a reply from the company. 
Do you agree to join us for the holyday ?

Mary learned to swim when she was young

We can’t afford to build a new house. 
Bob refused to lend me his car.

You manage to get some tickets for the pop concert on Saturday.

3. verbs + O + to - ×ninitive

want, ask, tell, request (yêu cầu), order (sai phái), beg (van xin), remind (nhắc 
nhở), invite (mời), advise (khuyên), warn (cảnh báo), promise (hứa), encourage 
(khuyÕn khÝch)…

He tells me to send this letter.

The teacher encouraged Lan to join English club.

4. be/ look/ seem/ feel +ADJECTIVE + TO infinitive:

Afraid ( sợ, e sợ ), ashamed ( xấu hổ ), considerate ( tế nhị ), disappointed ( thất vọng ), eager ( hăm 
hở), foolish ( điên rồ), fortunate ( may mắn, hên ), happy ( sung sướng ), lucky ( may mắn ), pleased ( 
hài lòng), proud ( hãnh diện), qualified ( có đủ tư cách ), ready ( sẵn sàng), sorry ( ân hận) surprised (

ngạc nhiờn), angry(giận dữ ), prepared (đ-c chuẩn bị), glad (vui mõng), proud (tù 
hµo)

I’m afraid to drive alone at night.

Were you disappointed not to win the race ? 
The actress seems eager to go on stage. 
The parents are proud to have a healthy child.

Citizens ought to feel lucky to be able to vote. 
He was not at all surprised to hear the news.

I’m looking for someone qualified to type a thesis.

The party is ready to serve. 
I'm glad to see you again.

5. After the verb TO BE

Ex : We are to pass the next exam.

My purpose is to win the next English competition.

6. After Noun ( Infinitive of Purpose ) : TO / IN ORDER TO / SO AS TO + V(bare 
infinitive )

Ex : There are lots of things to do today.

Ex : He studies hard so as to pass the entrance examination.

III. BARE - INFINITIVE

1. After modal verbs: can, may, must, … 
EX: I must go home now.

2. After had better, would rather, do nothing but. 
EX: He did nothing but complain about his life.

You’d better stay at home today. 
3. Make

Let

EX: The clowns made them laugh a lot last night.

IV. VERB FOLLOWED BY EITHER INFINITIVE OR GERUNDS

 Without changing in meaning : Start ( bắt đầu, khởi động), begin ( bắt đầu), continue ( tiếp 
tục), intend ( tính, dự định), like, love, hate ( ghét), prefer (thích hơn, ưa hơn).

It began to rain when I went to school.

When did you start learning English ?

It began raining heavily. or

It began raining when I went to school

When did you start to learn English ? 
It began to rain heavily.

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Does Pam continue writing to you ?

He intended making a film for children

Does Pam continue to write to you ? 
He intended to make a film for children.

 VERBS + GERUND or INFINITIVE ( Cho ý nghóa khác nhau ):

Stop doing st dừng việc gì lại He stopped smoking three years ago. ( He doesn’t 
smoke any more now.)

Stop to do st dừng để làm gì He stopped to smoke a cigarette. ( He stopped 
working in order to smoke ).

try doing st thư You should try taking these tablets, ( try = thử ) 
try to do st cè g¾ng You should try to study harder. ( try = cố gắng ) 
forget/

remember doing 
st

qn/nhớ đã làm gì (V
đó xóy ra trước remember, forget,
regret)

I remember sending a postcard to my parents 
yesterday.

He remembers meeting you when he was in France. ( He met 
you).

forget/remember 
to do st

quªn / nhớ làm gì(
To-inf xy ra sau remember, forget,
regret)

Don't forget to wash the dishes.

Remember to sent me a letter when you arrive in Ho Chi
Minh city. ( you will send.)

regret doing st tiếc đã làm gì She regretted not coming your birthday party. So she felt bored 
regret to do st lấy làm tiếc phải làm

g×

I regret to inform you that you've failed your exam.

need to do st cần làm gì (nghĩa chủ
động)

You need to practise English every day.( = You have 
to practise English every day).

need doing st 
=need to be

done

cần đ-ợc làm gì
(nghĩa bị động)

Your shirt needs washing .It smells. ( = Your shirt 
needs to be washed ).

go on doing 
= to continue 
doing st

tiếp tục làm việc gì
đó

The teacher introduced herself and went on to

explain the course.

go on to do tiếp tục làm công
việc tiếp theo (việc
kh¸c)

The teacher told everyone to be quiet, but they just

went on talking.

like doing së thÝch l©u dµi I like fishing
like to do thích vì nghĩ rằng nó tốt, ý

thÝch nhÊt thêi

I like to do my job well.

Notes:

 would like + to- inf; feel like + V-ing (ước có ) = wish for 
 ALLOW, PERMIT, ADVISE, RECOMMEND

Allow = permit V-ing
+

Advise = recommend O + to-inf.

I permit you to go out. I permit going out

 see. smell, notice, observe, taste, feel, overhear, hear, watch + O + Verb: 
khi chøng kiÕn toµn bé sù viƯc

 see. smell, notice, observe, taste, feel, overhear, hear, watch + O + Verb - 
ing: khi chøng kiÕn mét phÇn sù viƯc ®ang diƠn ra

I saw someone get into Tom's house yesterday.

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Exercises on INFINITIVE AND GERUND

I. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form : GERUND or INFINITIVE .( In some sentences, both 
forms are correct ).

1. I’m not in a hurry. I don’t mind……….( wait ) for you.

2. My father gave up ……….( smoke ) three years ago.
3. Would you mind ………..( keep ) silent ? I’m trying

………( study ).

4. I always try to avoid………( borrow ) money from my friends.

5. The traffic was very heavy this morning, but I managed ………..( get ) to school on
time.

6. Could you please stop ……….( make ) so much noise ?

7. I’ve put off ………( write ) the letter so many times. I really must do it today.
8. Sarah gave up ………( try ) to find a job in this country and decided………( go )

abroad.

9. You can’t stop me ………..( do ) what I want.

10. They don’t have much money. They can’t afford………( go ) out very often.
11. My mother can’t stand………( stay ) at home without doing anything.
12. How long have you been able………(swim), John ?

13. You must promise……….( not / be ) late again.

14. When I saw her in that funny hat, I couldn’t help………( laugh).

15. They refused………..( lend ) him the money although he needed it
badly.

16. Please, don’t forget………( post ) the letter for me today ! It’s urgent.
26. However, she did not plan………( be ) a secretary all her life.

27. But she couldn’t imagine………..( do ) the same job for years and years.

28. The only thing that prevented her from……….( study ) law was a lack of time and
money.

29. She often remembered ………..( talk ) to her father before he became ill.
30. You must remember ………( buy ) some sugar. We haven’t got any now.
31. Did you remember………..( post ) the letter for me this morning ?

32. Don’t forget………..( wake ) me up before six o’clock tomorrow.
33. I am looking forward to ……… (see) you.

34. He is tired of ……… ( walk ) to school.
35. I arranged ……… (meet) them here.
36. He urged us ……… (work) faster.
37. I wish……… (see) the manager.
38. It's no use ……… (wait).

39. He warned her……… (not touch) the wire.

40. Don't forget……… (lock) the door before (go) to bed.
41. My mother told me ……… (not speak) to anyone about it.
42. He tried……… (explain) but she refused (listen).

43. At dinner she annoyed me by……… (smoke) between the courses.
44. You are expected ……… (know) the safety regulations of the college.
45. That was a very strange question……… (ask)

46. It was very kind of you ……… (show) the way.

47. I overheard him ……… (say) that he didn’t want to learn Math.
48. I don’t remember (tell) ... of the decision to change the company policy on vacations.
49. Ms Drake expects (consult) ... about any revisions in her manuscript before it is printed.
50. Tommy admitted (throw) ... the rock through the window.

51. Most people enjoy (travel) ... to different parts of the world.

52. May I change the TV channel, or do you want (watch) ... more of this programme?
53. That was a very strange question (ask) ... .

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55. The teacher let him (stay) ... at home to finish the assignment.
56. It was quite a surprise (see) ... him again.

57. I overheard him (say) ... that he didn’t want to learn Math.
58. She stood there and watched him (drive) ... away.
59. It was very difficult for her (drive)... the motorbike.
60. I could feel the robber (come) ... from the backdoor.
61. It is easy (see) ... animals on the road in daylight.

62. I asked him (explain) ... but he refused (say) ... any thing.
63. It is pleasant (sit) ... by the fire at night.

64. There was no way of (get) ... out of the building except by (climb) ... down a rope.
65. It’s no good (write) ... to him; he never answers letters.

66. Ask him (come) ... in. Don’t keep him (stand) ... at the door.

67. We watched the children (jump) ... from a window and (fall) ... into a blanket held by people below.
68. It is very pleasant (wake) ... up and (hear) ... the rain (beat) ... on the windows.
69. They denied………..the money. ( steal )

70. I can’t afford………out tonight. I haven’t got enough money. ( go )
71. Can you remind me………..some coffee when we go out ? ( buy )
72. Please stop……….me questions! ( ask )

73. I refuse………any more questions. ( answer )
74. One of the boys admitted………the window. ( break )

75. The boy’s father promised………for the window to be repaired. ( pay )

76. Ann was having dinner when the phone rang. She didn’t answer the phone, she just carried on ……(eat)
77. “ How did the thief get into the house ? “ “ I forgot………..the window. ( shut )

II. Complete each sentence with one of these verbs:

Answer apply be listen make see try use wash work write 
41. He tried to avoid ……… my question.

42. Could you please stop……… so much noise ?
43. I enjoy………to music.

44. I considered………for the job but in the end I decided against it.
45. Have you finished………your hair yet ?

46. If you walk into the road without looking, you risk ………. knocked down.
47. Jim is 65 but he isn’t going to retire yet. He wants to carry on……….
48. I don’t mind you………the phone as long as you pay for all your calls.

49. Hello ! Fancy……….you here ! What a surprise !

50. I’ve put off………..the letter so many times. I really must do it today.
51. What a stupid thing to do ! Can you imagine anybody………..so stupid ?

52. Sarah gave up………to find a job in this country and decided to go abroad.
III. Rewrite the following sentences , using the given words in brackets

69. They arrived home late. ( he saw )

=>………
70. . She didn’t want to stay there fore the weekend. ( They made her )

=>………
71. . The teacher allowed me to stay at home to finish the assignment. ( The teacher let )

=>………
72. The boy ran away from the house. ( She noticed )

=>………
73. He said that he didn’t want to learn Math. ( I overhear )

=>………
74. . The policeman told the thief to empty his pockets. ( The police made )

=>………
75. He left the house early this morning. ( I heard )

=>………
76. He drove away. ( She stood there and watched )

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77. The robber came from the back door. ( I could feel )

=>………
78.. May be the school will ask me to pay some extra money. ( Do you think the school will make )
=>………
IV. Build a complete sentence with the given words

79. I/look forward/receive/letter/ now.=>………
80. we/not mind/wait/more minutes.=>………

81. children/busy/collect/shells/beach.=>………

82. He/ask/us/help/him/do/thewashing up/yesterday. =>………
83. Her mother/force/her/marry/to that man.=>………

V. Reported speech with infinitive and gerund 
84. “shut the door ,Tom” she said (told)

85. “Don’t believe everything you hear” he said to me(advise)

86. “lend me your pen for a moment” I said to Mary(ask)

87. “would you like to have lunch with me on Sunday?”(invite)

88. “Will you help me ,please?”she said(ask)

89. “you had better apologize for being late”said my mother(advise)

90. “We will come back again”they said(promise)

91. “Keep quiet”the teacher said to us(told)

92. “You’d better not swim too far from the shore,”the lifeguard said to us(advise)

93. “could you close the window”John said to Peter(ask)

94. “you should join the football team ,Eric”said the teacher(encourage)

95. “I’ll give it to him tomorrow”John said(promise)

96. “I’d like Lan to become a doctor”my mum said (want)

97. “Remember to lock the door before going to school”my sister said (remind)

98. “you should go home and take a rest”the boss said(advise)

99. “you should not drink too much beer” his wife said (advise)

100. “Come and see me when you want” he said to us(invite)

101. “Please don’t smoke in my room” she said to them(ask)

102. “Don’t forget to give the book back to Joe”her sister said to her(remind)

103. “I’ll never do it again”she said(promise)

104. “All right ,I ‘ll wait for you” his friend said(agree)

105. “Let’s have a party this weekend” he said(suggest)

106. “I am sorry,I didn’t phone you earlier”Mary said(apologize)

107. “It’s nice of you to help me,thankyou”Bob said(thank)

108. “I’m sorry,I’m late”Peter said(apologize)

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110. “I’ll finish the work early”said the students(promise)

111. “I won’t help you with your homework”Jane said to me(refuse)

112. “What about meeting on Sunday?”Mark said to Jane(suggest)

113. “Why don’t you help her” the teacher said to her student(suggest)

114. “I can’t go to your birthday party next Saturday evening,sorry John”said Mary(apologize)

115. “you should lose your weight”the doctor said to me(advise)

116. “You wear a suit when you come to my party”said Susan(insist)

117. The manager said to the worker “you have done excellent work this month”(congratulate)

118. “you told a lie ,Tom”she said(accuse)

119. “To tell the truth,I haven’t insured my car”she said(admit)

VI. Write the following sentences in Reported Speech.

120. “It was really kind of you to help me.” Mary said to you.

 Mary thanked me...
121. “I’ll drive you to the airport.” John said to Linda..

 John insisted...
122. “You have passed the final exams. Congratulations!” Jim said to you

 Jim congratulated me...

123. “It was nice of you to invite me to the dinner. Thank you”, Miss White said to Peter.
 Miss White thanked...

124. “Don’t play with the matches!” I said to Jack.

 I warned...
125. “I’m sorry I didn’t phone you earlier”, Margaret said to you.

 Margaret apologized...
126. “I have always wanted to be a pilot”, Paul said to you.

 Paul has always dreamed of...
127. “You didn’t do what I said”, the mother said to her son.

 The mother accused...
128. “You had better go to the doctor”.

 He urged me...
129. “You’ve got to lend me some money!”

 He begged me...

130. “Give me your homework.”

 The teacher told us...
131. “Please, don’t smoke in my car.”

 He asked us...
132. “I’ll buy you an ice-cream.”

 My Dad promised...
133. “Would you like to have a drink with me?"

 He invited me...
134. “You should give up smoking.”

 The doctor advised me...
135. “Don’t shoot.”

 The General ordered us...
VII. Choose the underlined part among A, B, C or D that needs correcting.

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137. I’m sure he is incapable of run a mile in four minutes.
A B C D

138. Good friendship should be based on mutual understand.
A B C D

139. I’m delighted hearing that you have made much progress in your study.
A B C D

140. There is a lot of work doing here.

A B C D

141. He was terribly excited to ask to play for Manchester.
A B C D

142. He could not decide whether to get a job or studying.
A B C D

143. I dislike being talk about everywhere.
A B C D

144. He says that speak a foreign language always makes him nervous.
A B C D

145. We’re looking forward to see you again.

A B C D

146. I’d like buying some earrings like yours.

A B C D

147. She smelt something burning and saw smoke rise.
A B C D

148. I warned them not climb the mountain in such bad weather.

A B C D

149. They voluntarily spent their vacations to teach illiterate people to read & write.

A B C D
150. You can congratulate yourself about having done an excellent job.
A B C D

151. Peter apologized for break the vase.
A B C D

152. He insisted on seeing the manager tomorrow.
A B C D

VIII. Choose the best answer to complete each sentence.

153. Some high school students take part in ……the handicapped. A. helping B. to help C. help D. being help 
154. The mission of this society is …………community education for street children.

A. to provide B. provide C. providing D. provided
155. Shy people often find it ... to take part in group discussions.

A. difficult B. difficulty C. difficultly D. be difficult

156. I am unable... to the meeting on Monday evening, please apologise for my absence.
A. to come B. come C. coming D. to be come

157. ... it several times, he didn’t want to read it once again.

A. Reading B. To read C. To have read D. Having read
158. ... that he was poor, I offered to pay his fare.

A. Knowing B. Known C. Knew D. Having knew

159. ... photographs of the place, I had no desire to go there.

A. Seeing B. Seen C. Saw D. Having seen
160. I hate ... a child ... .

A. see/ crying B. see/ cry C. seeing/ to cry D. seeing/ cry
161. I notice the lorry ... down the hill.

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162. I observed a blue car ... very fast towards the motorway.
A. having driven B. driven C. driving D. to drive
163. They left the restaurant, ... two hours over lunch.

A. spending B. spent C. after spend D. having spent

164. The police accused him of... fire to the building but he denied ... in the area on the
night of the fire.

A. setting/ being B. setting/ having been C. set/ be D. having set/ having been

165. Someone told us ... sit on the stairs.

A. don’t B. not C. not to D. to not

166. “Don’t forget to ring me”

A. I advised David to ring me B. I reminded David to ring me

C. I offered to be run D. You promised to ring me

167. The doctor advised him ... and to take up some sport.

A. stop smoke B. stop smoking

C. to stop smoking D. to stop to smoke

168. I have told him never ... to buy some potatoes on the way home.

A. come B. comes C. came D. to come

169. Professional people expect ... when it is necessary to cancel an appointment.

A. you to call them B. that you would call them

C. you calling them D. that you are calling them

170. The conductor asked ... in the bus.

A. them to please not to smoke B. that they should not smoke

C. them not to smoke D. them not to smoke
171. I’d rather ... at home.

A. to stay B. staying C. stayed D. stay
172. They noticed him ... the agreement.

A. sign B. to sign C. signing D. signed
173. Jack admitted ... the money.

A. steal B. to steal C. stealing D. stolen
174. Don’t ... him to arrive early. He’s always late.

A. think B. judge C. hope D. expect

175. I wouldn’t ... of going to the party I hadn’t been invited to.
A. dream B. intend C. depend D. rely

176. The instructor warned the students ... sailing alone on the lake.
A. on B. for C. of D. against
177. Her mother prevented her ... going out tonight.

A. against B. from C. about D. at
178. I apologized ... the book at home.

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