Ly thuyet& bai tap 12

Revision I. Tenses
I. The simple Present Tense:
1. Form:
- I,You, We, They + Verb ( infinitive without to)
- He, She, It + Verb -s/es
2. Usage:
- Diễn tả một thói quen, một hành động xảy ra thờng xuyên, lặp đi lặp lại:
+ He watches TV every night.
+ We go to school by bicycle.
+ She often gets up late on Sundays.
- Diễn tả một chân lý, một sự thật hiển nhiên.
+ The sun rises in the East.
+ Tom comes from Britain.
+ They are students.
- Nói về thời khoá biểu (timetables), chơng trình (programmes):
+ The plane leaves for Ho Chi Minh city at 11.30 a.m.
+ Johnny departs for Australia tomorrow.
+ The comedy begins at eight o'clock.
- Dùng sau các cụm từ chỉ thời gian: when, as soon as, và những cụm từ chỉ điều kiện : if, unless.
+ We will not believe you unless we see it ourselves.
+ As soon as the football match begins, people start shouting.
+ If she asks you, tell her that you do not know.
3. Spelling:
- Ta thêm S vào sau các (V) đi sau ngôi thứ 3 số ít và các (N) số ít.
- Thêm ES và sau những (V) có tận cùng là : o, sh, s, ch, x, z .
Eg: teach, go, do, watch, brush
- Những (V) có tận cùng là "y" và đứng trớc nó là một phụ âm, thì ta đổi "y" thành "i" trớc khi thêm
"es".
+ He tries to help his friend.
+ Nam studies at Hoa Binh teachers training college.

4. Adverbs go with simple present:
+ often, usually, frequently : thờng
+ always, constantly : luôn luôn
+ sometimes, occasionally : thỉnh thoảng
+ seldom, rarely : ít khi, hiếm khi
+ every day/week/month/ year... : hàng ngày/ tuần/ tháng.
5. Negative form:
* Đối với (V) đặc biệt ( be, can may...) ta thêm " not" sau (V) đó:
+ He is a good student. He isn't a good student.
+ She can swim very well. She can't ............................
* Đối với (V) thờng, ta dùng trợ động từ "Do", hoặc "Does" tuỳ theo chủ ngữ " Subject".
+ She doesn't like coffee.
+ They don't want to stay at home on Sundays.
6. Interrogative form:
* Đối với (V) đặc biệt, ta đảo (V) lên đầu câu và thêm dấu "?" ở cuối câu.
+ Are you tired now?
+ Can your brother drive a car?
* Đối với (V) thờng, ta thêm "Do" hoặc "Does" vào đầu câu. ( Nhớ đa "V" chính về nguyên mẫu)
+ Does her father like tea?
1
+ Do they do their homework everyday?
II. The Present continuous Tense:
1. Form:
- I + am
- He, She, It + is + V-ing
You, We, They + are
2. Usage:
- Diễn tả một hành động đang diễn ra và kéo dài ở một thời gian ở hiện tại, thờng đi kèm với các cụm từ
chỉ thời gian: now, right now, at the moment, at present.
Ex:

+ The children are playing football now.
+ What are you doing at the moment?
- Dùng theo sau các câu mệnh lệnh, đề nghị:
+ Listen! The baby is crying.
+ Be quiet! The children are sleeping in the next room.
- Diễn tả một hành động sắp xảy ra trong tơng lai gần:
+ She is coming tomorrow.
+ My grandparents are planting trees tomorrow.
3. Spelling:
* Nếu "v" có tận cùng là "e" thì bỏ "e" trớc khi thêm "ing".
+ come coming; smile smiling...
* Nếu "v" một âm tiết, tận cùng là một phụ âm mà trớc nó là một nguyên âm, ta gấp đôi phụ âm cuối trớc
khi thêm "ing".
+ run running; sit sitting...
* Nếu "v" có 2 hoặc hơn 2 âm tiết, tận cùng là một phụ âm mà trớc nó là một nguyên âm, và trọng âm lại
rơi vào âm tiết cuối ,ta phải gấp đôi phụ âm cuối trớc khi thêm "ing".
+ begin beginning.
* Nếu "v" tận cùng là "l" mà trớc nó là một nguyên âm đơn, ta phải gấp đôi "l" trớc khi thêm " ing".
+ travel travelling.
Note: Không dùng thì HTTD với các "v" chỉ nhận thức, tri giác nh:
to be, see, hear, understand, know, like, want, glance (liếc), feel, think, smell, love, hate, realize ( nhận
ra), seem, remember, forget, belong to (thuộc về), believe.
-Với các "v" này, thờng thay bằng thì hiện tại đơn.
Ex:
+ I am tired now. (Không nói: I am being tired now)
+ She wants to go for a walk at the moment. (Không nói: She is wanting to go for a walk at the
moment)
+ Do you understand the lesson?
Yes, I understand it now.
4. Negative form:

- Thêm "not" sau "v" to be: am; is; are tuỳ theo chủ ngữ.
+ She is not working now.
+ They aren't learning at present.
5. Interrogative form:
- Đảo am, is, am, are lên trớc "S".
+ Is she watching TV at the moment?
- Yes, she is.
Exercise 1.
Supply the correct verb forms: The simple present tense or The present continuous tense:
1. Jane, we (go) to town. (you/come) with us?
2. Hurry up! The bus ( come). I ( not want) to miss it.
2
3. How often ( you/ read) a newspaper?
4. The sun always ( rise) in the east. Look, it (rise) now.
5. I (hear) you. I ( know) what you( say).
6. The concert ( start) at 7.30 this evening.
7. She (have) coffee for breakfast every morning.
8. I ( see) that you (wear) your best clothes.
9. She sometimes ( buy) vegetables at this market.
10. Listen! Somebody (sing).
III. The simple past tense:
1. Form:
- I You, We, They , He, She, It + V-ed
- Regular verbs: là những "v" có qui tắc nh: work, die, stay, play, like, love , live...
- Irregular verbs: là những "v" bất qui tắc có 3 dạng nh sau:
Simple present Simple past Past participle.
do
go
sleep
have

did
went
slept
had
done
gone
slept
had
............
2. Usage:
- Diễn tả một hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khứ, chấm dứt và biết rõ thời gian.
+ Jim went to Paris last summer.
+ My mother left this city two years ago.
+ He died in 1985.
3. Adverbs often go with:
-yesterday, last, ago, in.
4. Spelling:
* Thêm "ed" sau "v" có qui tắc.
+ work worked
* "v" có qui tắc có tận cùng là " e' chỉ thêm "d"
+ die died.
* "v" có tận cùng là "y" mà trớc nó là một phụ âm , ta đổi " y" thành "i" và thêm "ed".
* Nếu "v" có qui tắc một âm tiết, tận cùng là một phụ âm, trớc nó là một nguyên âm ta phải gấp đôi phụ
âm cuối trớc khi thêm "ed".
+ stop stopped.
*Nếu "V' có qui tắc có 2 âm tiết, tận cùng là một phụ âm & trớc nó là một nguyên âm mà trọng âm lại rơi
vào âm tiết cuối ta phải gấp đôi phụ âm cuối trớc khi thêm "ed"
+ permit permitted.
* Nếu "v" tận cùng là " l", trớc nó là một nguyên âm đơn, ta phải gấp đôi " l" trớc khi thêm " ed".
+ travel travelled.

5. Pronunciation:
* Những "v" có qui tắc tận cùng là chữ cái đợc phát âm là /k/, /p/, /f/, /s/, // , /t/ khi thêm "ed" ta đọc là
/t/.
+ laugh/ la:f/ laughed/ la:ft/
+ book /buk/ booked/ bukt/
* Những "v" có qui tắc tận cùng là âm "t" & "d" khi thêm "ed" ta đọc là /id/.
+ want, need, devide, provide...
* Ngoài 2 trờng hợp trên các "v" có qui tắc còn lại có các âm cuối nh: m, n,
,
r , l, i, d3, sau khi thêm
"ed" ta đọc là "d".
+ play [plei] played/ pleid/
3
Exercise 2 .
Which underlined part is pronounced differently from the others?
1. A. planted B. punished C. decided D. attended
2. A. brushed B. watched C. earned D. danced
3. A. tried B. lived C. looked D. travelled
4. A. needed B. enjoyed C. played D. delayed
5. A. cooked B. invited C. arranged D. specialized
6. A. succeeded B. improved C. travelled D. designed
7. A. shared B. borrowed C. owned D. backed
8. A. escaped B. advised C. described D. exchanged
9. A. booked B. survived C. laughed D. typed
10. A. changed B. crashed C. jumped D. introduced
IV. The past continuous tense:
1. Form:
- I , He, She, It + was + V-ing
- You, We, They + were + V-ing
2. Usage:

- Diễn tả một hành động đã xảy ra và kéo dài một thời gian trong quá khứ.
+ Yesterday, Mr Moore was working in the laboratory all the afternoon.
+ What were you doing from 2 p.m to 6 p.m yesterday?
- Hành động đang xảy ra vào một thời điểm ở trong quá khứ.
+ I was doing my homework at 3 p.m last Sunday.
+ They were practising English at that time.
+ What were you doing at this time yesterday?
- Hành động đang xảy ra (ở QK) thì có một hành động khác đồng thời xảy ra (Simple Past).
+ When I came yesterday, he was sleeping.
+ What was she doing when you saw her?
+ As we were crossing the street, the policeman shouted at us.
- Hai hành động xảy ra song song cùng một lúc ở trong quá khứ.
+ Yesterday, I was cooking while my wife was washing the dishes.
* Note: Không dùng thì này với các "v" chỉ nhận thức, tri giác. Thay vào đó ta dùng thì Simple past.
Exercise 3
Supply the correct verb forms: Simple past or Past continuous:
1. The children ( play) football when their mother (come) back.
2. When I (arrive) at his house, he still (sleep).
3. Marry (water) the flowers in her garden while her next door neighbour (chat) with her over the fence.
4. As we (cross) the street, we (see) an accident.
5. The bell (ring) while James ( take) a bath.
6. Tom (hear) a noise and (get) out of bed when the door ( open).
7. Who ( be) that man that you (talk) to? I (see) him at the gate when I ( came) in.
8. We (wait) for the bus when he (pass) by in his car and (offer) us a lift.
9. When the pupils (hear) the bell, they ( get up) and (leave).
10. We (be) very tired because I (work) all day yesterday.
V. The simple future tense:
1. Form:
4
- I ,We + shall

- I, You, He, She, It, They + will + V-bare infinitive

- Bare infinitive: "v" nguyên thể không có to
* Negative form:
S + will/shall + not + V (bare-inf).
+ will not won't
+ shall not shan't
* Interrogative form:
Will / Shall+ S + V (bare-inf)...?.
2. Usage:
- Dùng khi ta quyết định làm việc gì vào lúc nói.
+ A: Did you phone Mary?
B: Oh, no, I forgot. I 'll phone her now.
+ Oh, I've left the door open. I will go and shut it.
- Dùng để yêu cầu ai đó làm việc gì.
+ Will you close the door?
+ Will you please be quiet?
- Dùng để đề nghị làm điều gì:
+ That suitcase looks heavy. I will help you carry it.
+ I'll bring it back this afternoon.
- Đồng ý hay từ chối làm điều gì.
+ You know that book I lent you? Shall I have it back?
+ A: I need some money.
B: Don't worry. I will lend you some.
- Dùng để hứa hẹn làm điều gì đó:
+ I promise I will call you as soon as I arrived.
+ I won't tell Tom what you said. I promise.
- Dùng Shall I và Shall we để đề nghị hoặc gợi ý.
+ Where shall we go this evening?
+ Shall I close all the windows?

- Dùng I think I will hoặc I don't think I'll khi ta quyết định làm hoặc không làm điều gì.
+ I think I 'll stay at home tomorrow.
+ I don't think I'll go out with you tonight. I'm too tired.
3. Adverbs often go with:
- someday: một ngày
- tomorrow: ngày mai
- next week/ month/ year: tuần/ tháng/năm tới.
- soon: chẳng bao lâu nữa.
Vi. near future :
1. Form:
I + am
He, She, It + is + going to + V-bare infi
You, We, They + are (dự định sẽ)
5
I + am
He, She, It + is + V- ing (sắp sửa)
You, We, They + are
2. Usage:
- Diễn tả một hành động sắp xảy ra hoặc một dự định sắp tới. (Thờng trong câu không có cụm từ chỉ thời
gian).
+ My father is retiring.
+ Where are you going to spend your holiday?
* Phân biệt cách dùng Simple present & Near future:
- Dùng will/ shall khi ta quyết định làm điều gì đó vào lúc nói, trớc đó ta cha có ý định gì.
+ Jom: My bicycle has a flat tyre. Can you repair it for me?
Father: Okay, but I can't do it now. I'll repair it tomorrow.
- Dùng be going to khi ta đã quyết định làm điều gì đó rồi.
+ Mother: Can you repair Jim's bicycle? It has a flat tyre.
Father: Yes, I know. He told me. I'm going to repair it tomorrow.
Exercise 4

Supply the correct verb forms: Simple future or Simple present:
1. After the class (be) over, ask the teacher about that sentences.
2. We'll go out when the rain (stop).
3. I (stay) here until he (answer) me.
4. Wait until I (catch) you.
5. I (send) you some postcards as soon as I (arrive) in Hanoi.
6. I (wait) here until you (come) back tomorrow.
7. I (come) and (see) you before I leave here.
8. Mary (not come) until you (be) ready.
9. Miss Laura (help) you as soon as she ( finish) that letter tomorrow.
10. They (go) home as soon as they have finished their work.
VII. the present perfect tense :
1. f orm:
I , You, We, They + have
He, She, It + has + past participle
* Negative form: S + haven't/hasn't + past participle
* Interrogative form: Have/ Has + S + past participle...?
2. Usage:
- Diễn tả hành động vừa mới xảy ra, vừa mới kết thúc, thờng đi với trạng từ : just , recently.
+ The concert has just begun.
+ They have finished their homework recently.
- Diễn tả một hành động bắt đầu từ quá khứ, còn kéo dài đến hiện tại và có khả năng tiếp tục ở tơng lai, th-
ờng đi kèm với :
+ My uncle has lived in this house for ten years.
+ We have studied English since 1990.
- Hành động xảy ra ở trong quá khứ (past) mà không biết rõ thời gian.
+ Mr . and Mrs. Brown have gone to Hanoi.
+ John has done his housework.
- Một hành động đợc lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần ở quá khứ:
6

+ Daisy has read that novel several times.
+ We have seen "Titanic" three times.
3. Adverbs go with:
- just, recently, lately: vừa mới, gần đây.
- ever: đã từng
- never: cha bao giờ
- already: rồi
- yet: cha
- since: từ khi ( mốc thời gian)
- for: khoảng (thời đoạn)
- so far = until now = up to now = up to the present: cho đến bây giờ.
* Note:
- Ta thờng dùng " just" với thì HTHT :
+ Would you like something to eat?
No, thanks. I've just had lunch.
- Dùng "for" để chỉ khoảng thời gian của hành động, dùng "since" để chỉ thời điểm mà hành động bắt
đầu.
+ He has worked here for five months.
+ I have learnt English since 1990.
- Dùng "yet" trong câu phủ định và nghi vấn, dùng "already" trong câu khẳng định.
+ Has John called yet?
+ I've already posted the letter for my friend.
+ He has already started his new job.
- Dùng "ever", "never" với thì HTHT:
+ Have you ever eaten snake meat?
+ He has never been here.
- Dùng HTHT sau hình thức so sánh cao nhất:
+ What a boring film! It's the most boring film I've ever seen.
- Dùng HTHT với : This is the first time, It is the first time...
+ It is the fisrt time I 've been here.

+ This is the first time he has driven a car.
- Gone to khác với been to:
+ Marian has gone to Italy. ( Câu này có nghĩa Marian đang ở nớc ý hoặc đang trên đờng đi đến n-
ớc ý)
+ Marian has been to Italy. ( Câu này có nghĩa Marian đã ở nớc ý trong quá khứ nhng bây giờ cô
ấy không còn ở đó nữa).
- Dùng HTHT với this morning, this evening/ today/ this week/ this term... khi những thời gian này vẫn còn
trong lúc nói.
+ I've smoked ten cigarettes today.
+ I haven't seen Peter this morning. Have you?
Exercise 5
Supply the correct verb forms: Simple past or Present perfect:
1. The plane (stop) at a small town. It then (take) off immediately after refuelling.
2. We ( study) a very hard lesson the day before yesterday.
3. I (read) that novel by Hemingway several times before.
4. What you (do) yesterday?
5. They (study) almost every lesson in this book so far.
6. Mr. Dean and his wife (travel) to Thailand by air last summer.
7. We (have) a little trouble with our car last week.
8. How long you ( learn) English?
9. Jim (never be) in Hanoi.
7
10. Mary (be) so happy when she (hear) the news that she (cry).
VIII. the past perfect tense :
1 . Form:

S + had + past participle
* Negative form: S + hadn't + past participle.
* Interrogative form: Had + S + past participle...?
2. Usage:

- Diễn tả một hành động quá khứ đã kéo dài cho đến khi hành động quá khứ thứ 2 xảy ra (hành động thứ 2
dùng QK đơn).(Hoặc diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trớc một hành động khác ở trong quá khứ).
* Hành động xảy ra trớc : Dùng thì Past perfect.
* Hành động xảy ra sau: Dùng thì Simple past.
+ When I got up this morning, my father had already left.
+ After the children had finished their homework, they went to bed.
+ It was the most difficult question that I had ever known.
- Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trớc một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ.
+ We had lived in that town before 1980.
Exercise 6
Supply the correct verb forms: Simple past or Past perfect:
1. After they had gone, I (sit) down and (have) rest.
2. He (forget) what I (tell) him. I (remind) him many times, but he still (not bring) what I (want).
3. What he (be) when he ( be) young?
4. It was the first time I (ever see) such a beautiful girl.
5. He (ask) me whether I (see) his pen on the table. I (tell) him that I (not see) it around.
6. If you (wait) only a little while longer, you would have met her. You (not see) her since we last (meet) two
years ago.
7. They (go) home after they (finish) their work.
8. They told me they (not eat) such kind of food before.
9. After taking a bath, he (go) to bed.
10. When we came to the stadium, the match ( already begin).
IX. the present perfect continuous tense :
1. Form:

S + have/has + been + V-ing
2. Usage:
- Diễn tả một hành động bắt đầu trong quá khứ và kéo dài liên tục tới hiện tại.
+ It has been raining.
+ I have been studying French for five years.

- Note: Không dùng thì HTHTTD với các "v" chỉ nhận thức hay tri giác.
- Các từ đi kèm : since & for.
Exercise 7
Choose the best answer by circling the letter A,B,C or D:
1. I'm busy at the moment. I __________ the sitting room.
A. decorate B. decorated C. am decorating D. have decorated
8
2. I always buy lottery tickets but I __________ anything.
A. have never won B. didn't win C. not win D. don't win
3. How did you get that scar?
- I __________ it in a car accident a year ago.
A. get B. had got C. got D. have got
4. I __________ for him for ten years and he has never once said "Good morning" to me.
A. work B. had worked C. am working D. have been working 5. Violets __________in
Spring.
A. bloom B. are blooming C. bloomed D. have bloomed
6. I __________ a car accident while I __________ for you on this corner yesterday.
A. see/wait B. saw/was waiting C. saw/waited D. see/am waiting
7. You __________ better when you've had a meal.
A. feel B. will feel C. felt D. will to feel
8. Mr. John __________ principal of our school since last year.
A. is B. was C. has been D. will be
9. I have been teaching hundreds of students but I __________ such a hopeless.
A. don't meet B. have never met C. not meet D. didn't meet
10. He __________ last month and since then he __________ out of work.
A. loses/ is B. lost/was C. loses/ has been D. lost/has been
11. George __________ at the university so far.
A. has worked B. is working C. works D. worked
12. They __________ the Christmas dinner at the moment.
A. prepare B. prepared C. are preparing D. will prepare

13. When I last stayed in Cairo, I rode to Pyramids on a camel that my friend __________ the day before.
A. has borrowed B. had borrowed C. borrowed D. borrows
14. Listen! The bird __________.
A. sing B. sang C. is singing D. was singing
15. Did you speak to Mrs. Black yesterday?
- No , I __________her for a long time.
A. didn't see B. haven't seen C. don't see D. not see
16. People __________English in most of Canada.
A. spoke B. speaks C. have spoken D. speak
17. We __________in Paris for a month when the Second World War __________ out.
A. lived/ broke B. had lived/broke C. have lived/break D. live/break
18. Yesterday the police reported that they __________the thief.
A. captured B. had captured C. have captured D. captures
19. What __________ when I rang you last night?
A. did you do B. have you done C. are you doing D. were you doing
20. When the teacher __________ in, the pupils __________ games.
A. came/ were playing B. comes/ play
C. came/ played D. was coming/ played
21. Up to now, the teacher __________ our class five tests.
A. gives B. has given C. gave D. is giving
22. John __________ born when his father __________.
A. was/died B. is/ died C. was/had died D. has been/ died
23. The last train __________station at 6 p.m.
A. left B. leaves C. leave D. is leaving
24. When I __________ a child, I __________ to be a doctor.
A. am/ want B. was/ want C. was/ wanted D. was/had wanted
Revision II.
Word study
A.

Word formations (C¸ch thµnh lËp tõ)
I. Nouns formations: (Sù thµnh lËp danh tõ)
9
1. Một số (n) đợc thành lập bằng cách thêm các hậu tố (Suffixes) vào sau (v):
a. __________tion (sự...)
+ to conserve conservation
+ to preserve preservation
+ to prevent prevention
+ to combine combination
b. __________ment (sự...)
+ to develop develpoment
+ to achieve achievement
+ to employ employment
+ to disappoint disappointment
c. __________er ( ngời, vật, hành động)
+ to fertilize fertilizer
+ to do doer
+ to teach teacher
+ wo work worker
to sing singer
d. __________or ( ngời..)
+ to deposit depositor [di'pzit] ngời gửi tiền ở ngân hàng
+ to act actor
+ to instruct instructor [in'strkt] ngời dạy, huấn luyện viên
+ to invent inventor
e. __________ant ( ngời...)
+ to assist assistant
+ to account accountant ['kauntnt] nhõn viờn kờ toan
+ to apply applicant
+ to contest contestant [kn'testnt] õu thu, ụi thu, ngi tranh giai.

f. __________ing (việc...., nghề....)
+ to teach teaching
+ to poison poisoning
+ to dirty dirtying
+ to understand understanding
g. __________age ( sự...)
+ to drain drainge
h. __________ar (ngời..)
+ to beg beggar
i. __________ ance ( ngời)
+ to resist resistance
2. Một số danh từ đợc thành lập bằng cách thêm các hậu tố (Suffixes) vào sau (n):
a. __________ship.
+ friend friendship
+ scholar scholarship ['sklip] sự uyên thâm
+ neighbour neighbourship
b. __________ism (chủ nghĩa, học thuyết)
+ capital capitalism ['kổpitlizm] chu nghia t ban
+ hero heroism ['herouizm] c chi anh hung; thai ụ anh hung
+ critic criticism ['kritisizm] s binh phõm, s chi trich
+ Marx Marxism ['ma:ksizm] chu nghia Mac
3. Một số danh từ đợc thành lập bằng cách thêm các hậu tố vào sau tính từ:
a. adj____ity noun:
+ possible possibility [,ps'bilti] tiờm nng
+ able ability
10
+ responsible responsibility [ri,spns'bilti] s chiu trach nhiờm
+ special speciality [,spei'ổlti] net c biờt; c tinh; c trng
+ real reality [ri:'ổliti] s thc; thc tờ
+ national nationality [,nổ'nổliti] quục tich

b. adj____ism noun:
+ racial racialism ['reilizm] chu nghia phõn biờt chung tục
+ social socialism ['soulizm] chu nghia xa hụi
+ feudal feudalism ['fju:dlizm] chờ ụ phong kiờn
c. adj ____ness noun:
+ rich richness ['ritnis] s giau co, s phong phu, s dụi dao
+ happy happiness ['hổpinis] s sung sng, hanh phuc
+ sad sadness ['sổdnis] s buụn ba
+ cold coldness ['kouldnis] s lanh, s lanh leo
3. Một số danh từ đợc thành lập bằng cách thêm các tiền tố ( prefixes) vào sau tính từ:
a. super ____(cao, giỏi, siêu)
+ man superman
+ market supermarket
+ structure superstructure ['su:p,strkn] kiờn truc thng tõng
b. under____ ( ở dới)
+ achievement underachievement
+ growth undergrowth bui cõy thõp; tõng cõy thõp
+ clothes underclothes
+ pass underpass ng chui
c. sur _____( ở trên, bên ngoài)
+ face surface
+ name surname
+ plus surplus ['s:pls] sụ d, sụ tha; sụ thng d
d. sub _____( ở dới)
+ way subway ng ngõm
+ continent subcontinent [,sb'kntinnt] tiờu luc ia,
+ committee subcommittee ['sbkmiti] phõn ban, tiờu ban (trong mụt UB)
* Others:
- Adj tận cùng là "t" "cy" : urgent urgency
- Adj tận cùng là "t" "ce" : patience.

II. Adjective formations: (Sự thành lập tính từ)
1. Một số tính từ đợc thành lập bằng cách thêm các hậu tố (suffixes) vào sau danh từ.
a. ____ful (đầy)
+ harm harmful
+ use useful
+ success successful
+ hope hopeful
+ help helpful
b. _____less (không có)
+ child childless ['taildlis] khụng co con
+ odour odourless ['oudlis] khụng co mui
11
+ tree treeless ['tri:lis] tr trui, khụng co cõy
+ home homeless
c. _____ly ( có vẻ, có tính cách, hàng (giờ, năm...)
+ man manly ['mổnli] co tinh chõt an ụng
+ brother brotherly ['brli] anh em
+ world worldly thờ gian
+ hour hourly
+ year yearly
+ day daily
d. _____ like (giống nh)
+ child childlike
+ god godlike nh thõn
+ life lifelike giụng nh thõt
+ statesman statesmanlike co phõm chõt va nng l c cua mụt nha chinh tri tai ba
e. _____y (nhiều, đầy)
+ rain rainy
+ snow snowy
+ dust dusty

+ sand sandy
+ health healthy
+ fog foggy
f. _____ish ( theo cách của...)
+ fool foolish
+ self selfish ['selfi] ich ky
+ child childish ngây ngô; nh tre con, hp vi tre con.
g. _____al (thuộc về)
+ magic magical
+ agriculture agricultural
+ industry industrial
+ nature natural
h. ______ ous
+ poison poisonous
+ nerve nervous
+ danger dangerous
+ fame famous
2. Một số tính từ đợc thành lập bằng cách thêm hậu tố vào sau động từ:
a. ______ive ( có tính chất)
+ act active
+ progress progressive
+ abort abortive
+ attract attractive
b. _____able ( có thể)
+ accept acceptable
+ count countable
+ achieve achieveable
+ agree agreeable
3. Một số tính từ đợc thành lập bằng cách thêm tiền tố vào trớc tính từ mang nghĩa phủ định:
a. un_____(không)

+ happy unhappy
+ fortunate unfortunate
+ lucky unlucky
+ forgettable unforgettable
12
b. in_____(không)
+ direct indirect
+ convenient inconvenient
+ dependent independent
+ formal informal
c. im____(không)
+ patient impatient
+ possible impossible
+ mature immature
+ perfect imperfect
d. ir______
+ regular irregular
+ religious irreligious khụng tin ngng
+ removable irremovable khụng thờ chuyờn i c
+ rational irrational
e. il_____
+ legal illegal
+ logical illogical
+ literate illiterate dụt nat, mu ch, thõt hoc
II. Verb formations: (Sự thành lập động từ)
1. Một số động từ đợc thành lập bằng cách thêm tiền tố : Out ___( tốt hơn, nhanh hơn)
+ grow outgrow
+ live outlive
+ run outrun
+ weigh outweigh

+ number outnumber
2. Noun /adj + en Verb.
+ deep deepen
+ length lengthen
3. Noun /adj + ize Verb.
+ critic criticize
+ modern modernize
4. Thêm tiền tố : En_____( bỏ vào, làm cho, gây ra)
+ danger endanger
+ case encase (cho vào thùng, túi)
+ rich enrich
+ large enlarge
+ close enclose bo kem theo; gi kem theo
+ act enact
+ force enforce lam cho co sc manh
........................
Exercise 8
Supply the correct word form:
1. They made a __________ about the heating. (COMPLAIN)
2. It's hard to find __________ in the supermarket. (ACCOMMODATE)
3. She has a large __________ of stamps. (COLLECT)
4. He made an unfavorable __________ between food in his country and mine. (COMPARE)
5. How serious is her __________? ( ILL)
6. She gave a __________ of the new computer. (DEMONSTRATE)
7. We had __________ starting my car this morning. (DIFFICULT)
8. I had to write a __________ for homework. (COMPOSE)
13
9. Gardening is relaxing __________ for some people, but not for me. (OCCUPY)
10. Could I have __________ to go home early? (PERMIT)
11. There were several __________ mistakes in that letter. (PUNCTUATE)

12. He is so __________! No sooner he has no friends. (AGREE)
13. He made another __________ about who to invite. (SUGGEST)
14. Can I get a __________ of this novel? (TRANSLATE)
15. Is I were you, I wouldn't make a __________ just yet. (DECIDE)
16. I've put on __________ since I arrived here. (WEIGH)
17. I don't mind __________ criticism but there's no need to be unpleasant. (CONSTRUCT)
18. I had my trousers __________ because they were too short. (LONG)
19. The __________ of the flight was delayed so we had to spend the night at the airport.
(DEPART)
20. It's __________ to expect to get something for nothing. (REASON).
Revision Iii.
Passive voice.
I. Formation:
1. Active sentence: Là câu mà chủ ngữ làm chủ hành động.
+ Mr. Smith teaches English.
2. Passive sentence: Là câu mà chủ ngữ bị tác động hoặc đợc làm bởi một chủ thể khác.
+ English is taught by Mr. Smith.
3. Change from an active sentence into a passive sentence:
*Form:
- Active: S + V + O
- Passive: S + be (chia) + past participle + by + O
* Note:
- Nếu trong câu chủ động có các trạng từ chỉ thời gian thì đặt bổ ngữ đó sau tân ngữ (O).
- Nếu trong câu chủ động có các trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn thì đặt bổ ngữ đó trớc "by".
*Ex: + The police found the boy thirty minutes ago.
The boy was found by the poliuce thirty minutes ago.
+ The police found the boy in the forest.
The boy was found in the forest by the police.
+ The police found the boy in the forest thirty minutes ago.
The boy was found in the forest by the police thirty minutes ago.

II. Formation:
1. Simple present tense:
S + am/is/are + past participle
- Ann writes a letter.
A letter is written by Ann.
2. Present continuous tense:
S + am/is/are + being + past participle
- Ann is writing a letter.
A letter is being written by Ann.
3. Simple past tense:
14
S + was/were + past participle
- Ann wrote a letter.
 A letter was written by Ann
4. Past continuous tense:
I, He, She, It + was
+ being + past participle
We, you, they + were
- Ann was writing a letter.
 A letter was being written by Ann
5. Present perfect tense:
I, We, You, They + have
+ been + past participle
He, She, It + has
- Ann has written a letter.
 A letter has been written by Ann
6. Past perfect tense:
S + had + been + past participle
- Ann had written a letter.
 A letter had been written by Ann.

7. Simple future tense:
I, We + will/shall
+be + past participle
He, She, It, You, They + will
- Ann will write a letter.
 A letter will be written by Ann.
8. Future of intention :
S + am/is/are + going to +be + past participle
- Ann is going to write a letter.
 A letter is going to be written by Ann.
9. Modal verbs:
- can, may, ought to, should, would, could, might.
S + modal verb + be + past participle
- You can see him now.
 He can be seen now.
- He should type his term paper.
 His term paper should be type.
* Note:
15
- Nếu tân ngữ trong câu bị động chỉ sự vật, sự việc (không phải ngời) thì ta dùng giới từ "with" thay cho
"by":
+ Smoke filled the room. The room was filled with smoke.
- Nếu trong câu chủ động có 2 tân ngữ, thì một trong 2 tân ngữ có thể làm chủ ngữ trong câu bị động. Tuy
nhiên tân ngữ về ngời đợc sử dụng nhiều hơn.
+ I'm writing her a letter. A letter is being written to her by me.
She is being written a letter by me.
(Các "v": ask, tell, give, send, show, teach, pay, offer thờng có 2 tân ngữ)
- Ta có thể bỏ by + me, him, her, it, you, them, someone, people trong câu bị động nếu không muốn nêu rõ
tác nhân, hoặc thấy không quan trọng.
III. Other kinds of passive voice:

1. Causative forms " have, get" (Dạng nhờ bảo).
*
Active: S + have (had) + O (person) + bare inf. + O (thing)
Passive: S + have (had) + O (thing) + past participle (+ by +O(person))
- I had him repair my bicycle yesterday.
I had my bicycle repaired yesterday.
*
Active: S + get (got) + O (person) + to inf. + O (thing)
Passive: S + get (got) + O (thing) + past participle (+ by +O(person))
- I get her to make some coffee.
I get some coffee made.
2. Verbs of perception "see, watch, hear..." (Động từ chỉ giác quan).
*
Active: S + verb + O + bare inf/V-ing ...
Passive: S + be + past participle + to inf./V-ing...
- They saw her come in.
She was seen to come in.
3. Verbs of opinion: say, think, believe,report, rumour (ụn) ( Động từ chỉ ý kiến).
*
Active: S + verb + that + clause ( S
2
+V
2
+O
2
)
Passive: It + (be) + past participle + that + clause.
s
2
+ be + past participle + to infi./ to have + past participle.

- People say that he is a famous doctor.
It is said that he is a famous doctor.
He is said to be a famous doctor.
- They thought that Mary had gone away.
Mary was thought to have gone away.
It was thought that Mary had gone away.
4. Imparative sentences ( Câu mệnh lệnh)
*
16

Active: Verb + O + Adjunct (bổ ngữ)
Passive: Let + O + be + past participle + adjunct.
- Write your name here.
 Let your name be written here.
*

S + let + S.O + do S.T
 S.O + be + let/allowed+ to do S.T
- He let me go out.
 I was let to go out.
 I was allowed to go out.
Exercise 9
Change the following sentences from active to passive:
1. People speak English all over the world.
 English...............................................................................................................................
2. Somebody has taken my briefcase.
 My briefcase......................................................................................................................
3. The teacher returned our written work to us.
 Our written work...............................................................................................................
4. They didn't allow Jim to take these books home.

 Jim wasn't..........................................................................................................................
5. People drink a great deal of tea in England.
 A great...............................................................................................................................
6. We can't make tea with cold water.
 Tea....................................................................................................................................
7. Jane was writing a poem.
 A poem.............................................................................................................................
8. Do they teach English here?
 Is.......................................................................................................................................
10. They didn't look after the children properly.
 The children......................................................................................................................
11. Is she going to write a poem?
 Is.......................................................................................................................................
12. How many days did she spend finishing the work?
 How many days................................................................................................................
13. Who looked after the children for you?
 Who..................................................................................................................................
14. Will buses bring the children home?
 Will..................................................................................................................................
15. How long have they waited for the doctor?
 How long..........................................................................................................................
16. What time can the boys hand in their papers?
 What time.........................................................................................................................
17. How did the police find the lost man?
 How..................................................................................................................................
18. Open your book!
17
 Let....................................................................................................................................
19. Take off your hat!
 Let....................................................................................................................................

20. She advices me to sell that car.
 I ....................................................................................................................................
- Exercise 10
Change the following sentences from active to passive:
1. He orders us to help him.
 We................................................................................................................................
2. People saw him steal your car.
 He................................................................................................................................
3. People don't make the children work hard.
 The children................................................................................................................
4. It is believed that the wanted man is living in Chicago.
 The wanted man
5. It is said that many people are homeless after the floods.
 Many people
6. It is known that the Prime Minister is in favor of the new law.
 The Prime Minister
7. It is expected that the government will lose the election.
 The government
8. It is thought that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall.
 The prisoner
9. It is believed that the thieves got in through the kitchen window.
 The thieves
10. It is reported that two people were seriously injured in the accident.
 Two people ..................................................................................................................
11. It is said that three men were arrested after the explosion.
 Three men ....................................................................................................................
12. It is said that he is 110 years old.
 He.................................................................................................................................
13. They rumoured the man was still living.
 The man.......................................................................................................................

14. They declared that she won the competition.
 She...............................................................................................................................
15. People believed that 13 is an lucky number.
 Number 13 ..................................................................................................................
16. People believed that the earth stood still.
 The earth......................................................................................................................
17. They say that Jim is the brightest student in class.
 Jim................................................................................................................................
18. Luckily for me, they didn't call my name.
 Luckily.........................................................................................................................
Exercise 10
Change the following sentences from active to passive:
1. He orders us to help him.
 He orders us that he must be helped by us.
2. People saw him steal your car.
 He was seen to steal your car.
3. People don't make the children work hard.
 The children aren't made to work hard.
18
4. It is believed that the wanted man is living in Chicago.
 The wanted man is believed to be living in New York
5. It is said that many people are homeless after the floods.
 Many people are said to be homeless after the floods.
6. It is known that the Prime Minister is in favor of the new law.
 The Prime Minister is known to be in favour of the new law.
7. It is expected that the government will lose the election.
 The government is expected to lose the election.
8. It is thought that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall.
 The prisoner is thought to have escaped by climbing over the wall.
9. It is believe that the thieves got in through the kitchen window.

 The thieves is believed to have gotten in through the window.
10. It is reported that two people were seriously injured in the accident.
 Two people are reported to have been seriously injured in the accident.
11. It is said that three men were arrested after the explosion.
 Three men are said to have been arrested after the explosion.
12. It is said that he is 110 years old.
 He is said to be 110 years old.
13. They rumoured the man was still living.
 The man was rumoured to have been still living.
14. They declared that she won the competition.
 She was declared to have won the competition.
15. People believed that 13 is an lucky number.
 Number 13 is believed to be an lucky number.
16. People believed that the earth stood still.
 The earth is believed to have stood still.
17. They say that Jim is the brightest student in class.
 Jim is said to be the brightest student in class.
18. Luckily for me, they didn't call my name.
 Luckily for me, my name wasn't called.
19. We must take good care of books borrowed from the library.
 Books borrowed from the library must be taken care .
20. No one believes his story.
 His history isn't believed/ is believed by no one.
21. Will you invite her to your wedding party?
 Will she be invited to your wedding party?
22. Must we finish the test before ten?
 Must.............................................................................................................................
19. We must take good care of books borrowed from the library.
 Books borrowed ...........................................................................................................
20. No one believes his story.

 His history....................................................................................................................
21. Will you invite her to your wedding party?
 Will..............................................................................................................................
22. Must we finish the test before ten?
 Must.............................................................................................................................
Revision Iv.
Prepositions
I. Prepositions used for Time and for Place:
1. At:
* For time: (Cho thêi gian)
At ®îc dïng tríc c¸c côm tõ chØ thêi gian sau:
19
- at 5 o'clock, at 6 p.m, at 1 a.m (giờ)
- at night.
- at Christmas, at Easter, at Whitsun.
- at once (ngay lập tức)
- at last ( cuối cùng)
- at the moment (bây giờ)
- at present (bây giờ, hiện tại)
- at weekends.
* For place: (cho nơi chốn)
- at home
- at the theatre
- at the seaside
- at the grocer's; at the hairdresser's; at the doctor's...
- at school
- at the corner of the street.
- at the top
- at the bottom
- at the foot of the page

- at the beginning, at the end ( of the lesson...)
- at the shop
- arrive at the airport; rainway station...
Note: (v) arrive đi với giới từ at thờng để chỉ những nơi nhỏ, không đợc dùng với thành phố lớn hay đất n-
ớc.
- arrive in + thành phố lớn/ đất nớc.
2. In:
* For time: In đợc dùng trớc:
- Năm (year): in 1980; in 1970; in 2006...
- Tháng (month): in June; in May; in August...
- Mùa ( season): in spring; in Summer; in Winter...
- Buổi (half a day): in the morning/afternoon/ evening... ( Nhng: at night, at noon)
- in time: đúng giờ. ( He came to the party in time).
* For place:
- In : ở trong
- in the diningroom.
- in the box
- in the desk
- In đợc dùng trớc các thành phố, đất nớc, miền, phơng hớng...
+in London, in Paris, in Hanoi...
+ in Vietnam, in England, in France...
+ in the east, in the north...
- in the street : trên đờng phố
- in my opinion : theo ý tôi
- in good weather : trong thời tiết tốt
- in (the) newspapers : trong báo
- in the (a) middle of ( the room) : ở giữa phòng
- in English, German... : bằng tiếng Anh, Đức
3. On:
* For time:

- On đợc dùng trớc thứ ( ngày trong tuần).
+ on Sunday, on Monday, on Tuesday...
- On đợc dùng trớc ngày tháng:
20
+ on June 10th. (My birthday is on June 10 th)
( She is going to leave her country on May 16th)
- on time: đúng giờ ( chính xác)- The film was shown on time.
* For place:
- On: ở trên
- on horseback : trên lng ngựa
- on foot : bằng chân (đi bộ)
- on T.V : trên TV
- on radio : trên đài
- on the beach : trên bãi biển
4. By:
- By đợc dùng trong câu bị độngchỉ ngời gây ra hành động trong câu ( by: bởi)
+ The letter was written by Mary.
+ The cake was made by my mother.
- By đợc dùng để chỉ phơng tiện đi lại (By: bằng xe đạp, xe máy, máy bay...)
+ I often go to school by bicycle.
+ Jim came here by bus.
+ The Smiths came there be air.
- by the time : trớc khi
- by chance : tình cờ
- learn by heart : học thuộc lòng
5. To:
- To thờng đi sau (v) go:
+ I'm going to the cinema.
+ They went to the zoo yesterday.
- Note : Go home ( không dùng to)

+ I'm going home.
- to thờng đợc dùng để chỉ sự di chuyển ( tới):
+ My brother used to take me to the circus when we lived in a country.
+ Mary invited Jim to her birthday party last weekend.
6. Into:
- Into có nghĩa là vào trong thờng đi sau các (v) sau: go, put, get, fall, jump, come...
+ She's going into the house.
+ David put the pen into the drawer last night.
+ I got into the train then.
+ John fell into the river yesterday.
+ He jump into the river and swam.
+ Come into my house, please.
- Into còn đợc dùng để chỉ sự thay đổi của điều kiện hay kết quả.
+ The rain changed into snow.
+ Mary burst into tears.
- Into còn có nghĩa chống lại (against)
+ He crashed his car into the wall.
7. Out of: ra khỏi.
+ Peter came out of the house.
+ she is looking out of the window.
8. With:
- With : có, mang theo cùng( having, carrying)
+ The coat with two pockets.
21
+ a girl with blue eyes.
- With đợc dùng để chỉ một công cụ, phơng tiện...
+ She often writes with a pen.
+ Carry it with both hands.
- With đợc dùng để chỉ sự liên hệ hoặc đông hành ( cùng với)
+ I'm living with my parents.

+ Is there anyone with you or are you alone?
+ Be patient with them.
9. Under:
- Under có nghĩa ở dới để chỉ vị trí một vật
+ The cat was under the table.
+ She hid the novel under the pillow so that her father woun't see it.
- Under còn có nghĩa là it hơn, thấp hơn.
+ Chilkdren under fourteen years of age shouldn't see such a film.
+ The incomes under $2,000 a year made him poor.
- Under đợc dùng để chỉ điều kiện khác.
+ The road is under repair (= The road is being repaired)
+ They are under discussion ( = They are being discussed)
+ The robbery is under investigation( = The robbery is being investigated)
II. Prepositions following adjectives:
1. OF:
- ashamed of : xấu hổ về
- afraid of : sợ, e ngại
- ahead of : trớc
- aware of : nhận thức
- capable of : có khả năng
- confident of : tin tởng
- doubtful of : nghi ngờ
- fond of : thích
- full of : đầy
- hopeful of : hy vọng
- independent of : độc lập
- proud of : tự hào
- jealous of : ghen tỵ với
- guity of : phạm tội (về), có tội
- sick of : chán nản về

- joyful of : vui mừng về
- quick of : mau, nhanh chóng về
2. TO :
- acceptable to : có thể chấp nhận
- accustomed to : quen với
- agreeable to : có thể đồng ý
- addicted to : đam mê, nghiện
- delightful to sb : thú vị đối với ai
- familiar to sb : quen thuộc đối với ai
- clear to : rõ ràng
- contrary to : trái lại, đối lập
- equal to : tơng đơng
- favorable to : tán thành, ủng hộ
- grateful to sb : biết ơn ai
- harmful to sb (for sth) : có hại cho ai ( cho cái gì)
22
- important to : quan trọng
- likely to : có thể
- lucky to : may mắn
- next to : kế bên
- open to : mở
- pleasant to : hài lòng
- preferable to : đáng thích hơn
- profitable to : có lợi
- rude to : thô lỗ, cục cằn
- similar to : giống, tơng tự
- useful to sb : có ích cho ai
- necessary to sth/sb : cần thiết cho việc gì
- available to sb : sẵn cho ai
- responsible to sb (for sth) : có trách nhiệm với ai (với điều gì)

3. For:
- available for sth : có sẵn cái gì
- difficult for : khó
- late for : trễ
- dangerous for : nguy hiểm
- famous for : nổi tiếng
- greedy for : tham lam
- necessary for : cần thiết
- perfect for : hoàn hảo
- suitable for : thích hợp
- sorry for : xin lỗi
- qualified for : có phẩm chất
- helpful/useful for : có lợi, có ích
- good for : tốt cho
- grateful for sth : biết ơn về việc
- convenient for : thuận lợi cho
- ready for : sẵn sàng cho việc gì
- responsible for sth : chịu trách nhiệm về việc gì.
4. AT:
- good at : giỏi (về...)
- bad at : dở (về...)
- clever at : khéo léo
- skilful at : khéo léo, có kỹ năng về
- quick at : nhanh
- amazed at : ngạc nhiên
- amused at : vui về
- excellent at : xuất sắc về
- present at : hiện diện
- surprised at : ngạc nhiên
- angry at sth : giận về điều gì

- clumsy at : vụng về
- annoy at sth : khó chịu về diều gì
5. WITH:
- delighted with : vui mừng với
- acquainted with : làm quen (với ai)
- crowded with : đông đúc
- angry with : giận dữ
- friendly with : thân mật
- bored with : chán
23
- fed up with : chán ngấy
- busy with : bận
- familiar with : quen thuộc
- furious with : phẫn nộ
- pleased with : hài lòng
- popular with : phổ biến
- satisfied with : thoả mãn với
- contrasted with : tơng phản với
6. ABOUT:
- confused about : bối rối (về...)
- excited about : hào hứng
- happy about : hạnh phúc
- sad about : buồn
- serious about : nghiêm túc
- upset about : thất vọng
- worried about : lo lắng
- anxious about : băn khoăn
- disappointed about sth : thất vọng về diều gì
7. IN:
- interested in : thích, quan tâm ( về...)

- rich in : giàu (về...)
- successful in : thành công (về...)
- confident in sb : tin cậy vào ai
8. FROM:
- isolated from : bị cô lập
- absent from : vắng mặt (khỏi...)
- different from : khác
- far from : xa
- safe from : an toàn
- divorced from : ly dị, làm xa rời
9. ON:
- keen on : hăng hái về, say mê, ham thích
Note: Sau giới từ ta thờng dùng V-ing hoặc Noun!
10. Một số trờng hợp cần lu ý:
- be tired of : chán
- be tired from : mệt mỏi vì
+ She's tired of doing the same work every day.
+ I'm tired from walking for a long time.
- be grateful to sb for sth...biết ơn ai về điều gì.
+ I'm grateful to you for your help.
- be responsible to sb for sth: chịu trách nhiệm với ai về việc gì.
+ You have to be responsible to me for your actions.
- good/bad for: tốt xấu cho...
- good/bad at: giỏi/dở về...
+ milk is good for health
+ I'm good at English.
III. Prepositions following verds/ Two-word verbs:
* Sau đây là một số giới từ theo sau các động từ thờng gặp:
- apologize sb for sth : xin lỗi ai về một việc...
- admire sb of sth : khâm phục ai về một việc...

- belong to sb : thuộc về ai
- accuse sb of sth : tố cáo ai về một việc
24
- blame sb for sth : đổ lỗi cho ai về một việc nào đó
- congratulate sb on sth : chúc mừng ai về một việc
- differ from : khác với
- introduce to sb : giới thiệu với ai
- give up : từ bỏ
- look at : nhìn vào
- look after : chăm sóc, trông nom
- look for : tìm kiếm
- look up : tra từ (trong từ điển)
- look forward to : mong đợi
- put on : mang vào, mặc vào
- put off : hoãn lại
- stand for : tợng trng
- call off : huỷ bỏ, hoãn bỏ
- object to sb/V-ing : phản đối ai/ việc gì
- infer from : suy ra từ...
- approver of sth to sb : tán thành về việc gì với ai
- participate in : tham gia
- succeed in : thành công về...
- prevent sb from (doing sth) : ngăn ai khỏi làm điều gì
- provide with : cung cấp
- agree with : đồng ý với
- beg for sth : van nài cho, xin
- borrow sth from sb : mợn cái gì của ai
- depend on/ rely on : dựa vào, phụ thuộc vào
- die of ( a disease) : chết vì
- join in : tham gia vào

- escape from : thoát khỏi
- insist on : khăng khăng, cố nài
- change into/ turn into : hoá ra
- wait for sb : chờ ai
- arrive at ( station, bus stop, air port): địa điểm nhỏ
- arrive in (London, Paris, Vietnam...): thành phố, đất nớc.
Exercise 11
Fill in the missing prepositions:
1. I always come __________ school __________ foot.
2. We shall never meet you __________the corner __________ the street.
3. I never snows here __________ Christmas.
4. The country looks beautiful __________ Spring.
5. I can't see you __________ Monday.
6. I live __________ the country, but she lives __________ at seaside.
7. Have you got any money __________ you?
8. He always comes here __________ bus.
9. I don't like getting __________ __________the morning.
10. He had learned the whole poem __________ heart.
11. This book was written __________ Dickens.
12. Is Miss Joan __________ home?
13. I have breakfast __________7.30 every morning.
14. Can you translate this poem __________ German?
15. My birthday is __________ May 5th.
16. They come __________ the room.
17. I like swimming __________ Summer.
25