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8


WD FiFK QKuQ QKұQ WәQJ
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[33]

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WӕFRQQJѭӡLYj

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7KHR WiF JLҧ
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NLQKW͇[mK͡LYjP{LWU
[20, tr.20]

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QKLrQ\͇XW͙W͹QKLrQGLWtFKO͓FKV͵
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QJ˱ͥL Yj FiF JLi WU͓QKkQ
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O͓FKOj\͇XW͙F˯E̫Qÿ͋KuQKWKjQKFiF
GXO͓FK´
[11]
̰PWK͹F

7KHRWӯÿLӇQWLӃQJ9LӋW
³̱PWK͹F´
chính là ³ăQYjX͙QJ´
ÿk\OjWӯJK

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³)RRG
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, ³'ƭWK͹FYLWLr
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là ³X͙QJU˱ͫX´
7X\QKLrQWURQJFiF7ӯÿLӇQFӫD
±1896), thì

QKұXFKӍFyQJKƭDOjXӕQJNK{QJFKӍOj
QKLrQGRFKX\ӋQU

TXiFӫDQKLӅXQJѭӡL
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KjQJ ÿѭӧF Ej\ EiQ WUrQ YƭD Kq OӅ ÿѭӡQJ

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FQKӳQJQѫLF{QJFӝQJEҵQJFiFWLӋPăQ

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10


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FKӭF
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QJD\Yjÿ˱ͫFEj\EiQWUrQÿ˱ͥQJSK͙QKͷ
[23]

Hҫ
u hӃ

t các thӭFăQÿѭ
ӡng phӕlà các món phөc vөtҥ
i chӛvà là thӭFăQQKDQ
ThӭF ăQ
ӡng phӕ
ÿѭchi phí tW KѫQ
ӝt bӳDPăQ
trong nhà hàng và nhanh chóng, tiӋ
n
lӧi, giá cҧphҧ
LFKăQJQrQV
ӭc cҥ
QKWUDQKFDRYjÿѭ
ӧc tiêu thөvӟi sӕOѭ
ӧng lӟn.
Theo TәchӭF /ѭѫQJ
ӵc và Nông
WKnghiӋ
p Liên HiӋ
p Quӕ
c (FAO) thì khoҧ
ng
2,5 tӹQJѭ
ӡi ăQWK
ӭFăQÿѭ
ӡng phӕmӛi ngày. ThӭFăQÿѭ
ӡng phӕcó mӕi liên hӋmұ
t
thiӃ
t Take-out, ÿ

ӗăQ
һ
t (hàng
Y rong, quà vһ
t), ÿӗăQ
ҽ(snack),
QK thӭF ăQ
, nó
QKDQK
ÿѭ
ӧc phân biӋ
t bӣLKѭѫQJY
ӏÿ
ӏ
DSKѭѫQJ
Yjÿѭ
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ӡng phӕ, mà khơng cҫ
n
nhұ
p bҩ
t kǤtrөsӣhay cơng trình xây dӵng gì. Tӯlâu, thӭFăQÿѭ
ӡng phӕlà mӝt nhu
cҫ
u cӫ
DQJѭ
ӡi dân ÿ{WK
ӏ
, viӋ
c phát triӇ

n các loҥ
i hình thӭFăQÿѭ
ӡng phӕlà mӝ
t nhu
cҫ
u tҩ
t yӃ
u cӫa xã hӝiÿHPO
ҥ
i nhiӅ
u thuұ
n tiӋ
n cho QJѭ
ӡi tiêu dùng. Tuy nhiên, bên
cҥ
nh sӵthuұ
n tiӋ
n này là nhӳng mӕ
i nguy hҥ
i tӟi sӭc khӓe, tính mҥ
ng khách hàng,
thұ
m chí là cҧcӝQJÿ
ӗng. Có ba loҥ
i thӭFăQÿѭ
ӡng phӕFѫE
ҧ
n là bán trong cӱa hàng
cӕÿӏ
nh, bán trên hè phӕvà bán rong.

1.1.2Ĉ̿FWU˱QJFͯḎPWK͹Fÿ˱ͥQJSK͙

7ӯOkXҭPWKӵFÿѭӡQJSKӕÿmOjQpWY

KRҥW ăQ XӕQJ KjQJ QJj\ FӫD QJѭӡL 9LӋW

.K{QJ PiL FKH NK{QJ QJѭӡL SKөF
J QKӳQJ
Yө WKұ
Kj

TXiQQKѭYұ\NK{QJELӃWWӯEDRJLӡÿmW
WURQJWkPWUtFӫDQJѭӡL9LӋW
Ĉ̿FWU˱QJY͉NK{QJJLDQ

'ҥRTXDQKQJ}QJiFK+j7KjQKKD\3Kӕ

ăQPDQJSKRQJFiFKUҩ
WJLҧQGӏ7ӯKjQJFKqFKiR

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các Fѫ TXDQ
ÿѫQ Yӏ FӫD FiF
FKӧ
, ÿѭӡQJ
các EӃQ

, EӃQ
WjX
SKӕ

[H
WUѭӟF
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FәQJ
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WKӏQJmEDÿѭӡQJÿ{QJÿ~FGkQFѭ

11


9LӋFWұSWUXQJWUrQFiFYӍDKqN
K{QJFKӍYuSKөFYөQKӳQ

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WÿһFWUѭQJUҩ

LQÿұPWURQJWkPWUtQJѭӡL9LӋW1KLӅXK
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QJӗLPӝWFKӛEj\WK~QJUDOjFyNKiFKÿ

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hàng rong trên vӍDKqNK{QJQKLӅX7KHRQKѭOӡL

QăPӣ+j1ӝL+ҧL3KzQJKD\6jL*zQWUѭ

PӝWVӕQJѭӡLJiQKKRһFEѭQJ[iFKPӝWVӕ

NҽR ÿұX SKөQJ
KӝW YӏW

PtD
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WURQJPӝWFiLWK~QJKD\PkPÿDQÿӝLÿҫX«

ĈӃQNKRҧQJWKұSQLrQPӟLFyPӝWV

SKӣKӫ WLӃX PǤ TXҧQJ FDR OҫX KRjQK

OӟQFiFKjQJăQWKӡLÿLӇPQj\FKӍSKөFY

F{QJFKӭFF{QJQKkQYLrQVLQKYLrQKӑ

PӝWVӕNKiFKYmQJODLăQViQJăQÿrPN

theo VӵSKiWWULӇQFӫDÿҩWQѭӟFFiFKjQJă
JҫQQKѭOjFҧQJj\

Ĉ̿FWU˱QJY͉FiFOR̩ḺPWK͹F

ĈLӅXJuNKLӃQҭPWKӵFÿѭӡQJSKӕWUӣQr
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LӃFEjQQKӵDYjWUrQEjQ

QJKLQJ~WFyÿiQJQKӟEҵQJPӝWEӳDWӕLW

VDR0LFKHOLQ";LQWKѭDOjKRjQWRjQFy
12

ҬPWKӵFÿѭӡQJSKӕNK{QJFKӍҩQWѭӧQJ

hè, cáFKSKөFYөPjFzQOjFiFPyQăQÿѭӧF

FKӳ6Fy[XKѭӟQJWKXKҽSWӯĈ{QJVDQJ

QKѭQJOҥLNpR GjLÿӃQ NPWӯ%ҳFWӟL

ÿѭӡQJ SKӕ
DFӵF
GҥQJ
NǤ
1ӃX
ÿ
ҭP WKӵF ÿѭӡQJ SKӕ ӣ

EiQKFXӕQ«Ӣ+XӃFyFѫPKӃQEiQKEqR

KӫWLӃXJ}EiQKWUiQJWUӝQSKiOҩX«0ӛ
ÿѭӡQJSKӕPDQJÿһFWUѭQJULrQJWҥRQ
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3KҫQOӟQQJѭӡL9LӋWOX{QTXDQQLӋPUҵ
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W{KӫWLӃXJ}WKuJKp1JX\ӉQ7KѭӧQJ+LӅQ

SKӕPӛLQѫLÿӅXUҩWÿDGҥQJYjPDQJÿұP
Ĉ̿FWU˱QJY͉ÿ͙LW˱ͫQJ
khách

&QJ YӟL Vӵ SKiW WULӇQ FӫD ÿҩW QѭӟF

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PҥQKPӁSKөFYөFҧFiFWҫQJOӟSWUrQQK
QEX{QEiQWLӇXWKѭ

NKiJLҧFyWKXQKұSFDR1Jj\QD\ҭPW

WKӇ WKLӃX YӟL QJѭӡL
NK{QJ
9LӋW
FKӍ
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9DLWUzFͯḎPWK͹Fÿ˱ͥQJSK͙W
13


ĈӕLYӟLEҩWFӭPӝWTXӕFJLDÿLӇPÿӃQ
URQJGDQKPөFVҧQS

YjGӏFKYөFҧYұWWKӇYjSKLYұWWKӇS

XӕQJOX{QÿѭӧFQKuQQKұQOjPӝWWURQJQ
du khách.

7URQJҭPWKӵFÿѭӡQJSKӕҭQFKӭDQKӳQJ
ӏYăQKyDSKLYұW
ÿLӇPÿӃQYjWK{QJTXDYLӋFWKѭӣQJWKӭF

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WKӭFFiFPyQăQPӟLOҥYjKҩSGүQWURQJ
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QKұQEӣLOӁÿyOjPӝWWURQJQKӳQJKRҥW
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%ӣLOӁErQFҥQKEҧQVҳFÿӝFÿiRFӫD

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TXӕFJLDYtGөQKѭҬPWKӵFÿѭӡQJSKӕ
JҬPWKӵFÿѭӡQJS
Thái Lan,

ҬPWKӵFÿѭӡQJSKӕ0rKLF{«ĈLӅXQj\JL

NKiFKGÿmWӯQJKD\FKѭDÿѭӧFWUҧLQJK

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WLӃQ TXҧQJ Ei KuQK ҧQK GX OӏFKQKӳQJ
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FҧQK TXDQ FiF SKѭѫQJ WLӋQ YұQ FKX\ӇQ

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14


ngon, ÿӏDÿLӇPăQXӕQJQjRSKKӧSYjÿѭӡQ
ÿӝFÿiRFKRFKX\ӃQKjQKWUuQKGXOӏFK

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NKiFKÿmPXD

WUӑQJyLFNJQJ\rXFҫXQKjWRXUFXQJFҩS
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ÿ˱ͥQJ SK͙ QyL ULrQJ Yj FiF WRXU
chúng
̱P
ta WK͹F

FNJQJ F̯Q FK~ ê ÿ̫P E̫R Y͏ VLQK DQ WRjQ

SK˱˯QJSKͭFY̰ͭPWK͹F9L͏W1DPÿDQJW

K͡LFKRFiFF˯TXDQ[~FWL͇QYăQKyDG

ngojL´
Ej7UҫQ7Kӏ9LӋW+ѭѫQJ*LiPÿӕF%D
OӏFK9LHWUDYHOFKRELӃW>@
Hay theo ông NguyӉ
n Tuҩ
Q $QK
ӕ
c JLiP
Công ty Duÿ
lӏ
ch chӳký châu Á Signature, cho biӃ
t rҩ
t nhiӅ
u tӍphú, ông chӫcӫa các tұ
SÿRjQWK
ӃgiӟLÿmÿ
Ӄ
n vӟi ViӋ
t
Nam. Ông Tuҩ
n Anh cho hay nhӳng khách cao cҩ
p cҫ
n nhӳng sҧ
n phҭ
m du lӏ
ch thұ
t
NKiFQѫLK
ӑÿDQJV
ӕQJQKѭQJY

ү
Qÿ
ҧ
m bҧ
o chҩ
WOѭ
ӧng cao. Vӟi giӟi khách sang, ơng

cho rҵ
ng ViӋ
W1DPÿDQJQ
ә
LOrQQKѭOjÿL
Ӈ
PӃ
nÿcó nhiӅ
XFѫV
ӣOѭXWU~VDQJ
ӑ
ng,
chҩ
WOѭ
ӧQJFDR1KѭQJÿL
Ӆ
XÿDQJK
ҩ
p dү
n du khách chính là ҭ
m thӵFÿDG
ҥ

ng và VN
cҫ
n phҧ
i tұ
SWUXQJKѫQQK
ӳng loҥ
i hình ҭ
m thӵFNKiFQKDXÿ
һ
c biӋ
t là ҭ
m thӵFÿѭ
ӡng
phӕ
. "Ngay c̫khách t͑phú h͕FNJQJ
̭t mu͙
U
Q WK˱
ͧng thͱc ̱m th͹Fͥ
ÿ˱
ng ph͙
, h͕
mu͙
n c̫m nh̵
n n͉
n YăQKyD
̱
m th͹c th͹c s͹cͯ
a Vi͏
t Nam, tr̫

i nghi͏
m nhͷng c̫m
giác mà h͕khơng tìm th̭
\ÿ˱
ͫc ͧÿ̭WQ˱
ͣc mình". NӃ
u loҥ
i hình ҭ
m thӵFÿѭ
ӡng phӕ
ÿѭ
ӧc chú trӑQJYjÿ
ҫ
XWѭKѫQWKuYL
Ӌ
c hҩ
p dү
n nhӳng vӏkhách tӹphú, nhӳng ông chӫ
cӫ
a nhӳng tұ
SÿRjQV
Ӂtҥ
Rÿѭ
ӧc tiӃ
QJYDQJYjWKѭѫQJKL
Ӌ
u cho nӅ
nҭ
m thӵFÿѭ
ӡng phӕ

Qѭ
ӟc nhà trong phát triӇ
n du lӏ
ch. [34]
Ngày nay, ҭ
m thӵFÿѭ
ӡng phӕÿmWU
ӣthành sҧ
n phҫ
m du lӏ
ch rҩ
t hҩ
p dү
n trong

mҳ
t khách du lӏ
ch khi nhҳ
Fÿ
Ӄ
Qÿ
ӗăQ1KL
Ӆ
u du khách quӕc tӃÿӃ
n ViӋ
W1DPÿmÿi

giá ³Vi͏
W1DPOjWKLrQÿ˱
ͥng ̱m th͹F´

vӟi nhӳQJPyQăQNK{QJFK
ӍÿӝFÿiRPjF

WKѫPQJRQNK{QJWK
Ӈnào quên. Mike Tatarski, mӝ
WGXNKiFKÿmFyQK
Ӆ
XQăPJ
ҳ
n bó
vӟi ҭ
m thӵc ³KqSK
͙´ViӋ
t Nam hӭng thú chia sҿ
: ³1˯LÿyNK{QJFyF
͵DWU˱
ͣc, khơng
có c͵a s͝
, ho̿
c th̵m chí khơng có b̭
t kǤbͱFW˱
ͥQJEDRQjRĈ˯QJL
̫n là b̩QE˱
ͣc tͳ

ngồi ph͙vào và ch͕n cho mình m͡t ch͟ng͛LPjWK˱
ͥng là m͡t chi͇
c gh͇nh͹Dÿ{L
15