Báo cáo thực tập tốt nghiệp tiếng anh (31)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
For the completion of this work, I have been fortune to get invaluable
contributions from many people.
First of all, I would like to express my deepest thanks to the head of the
Foreign Language Department, Vinh University for the awarding me an
opportunity to do this thesis.
I owe a special debt of gratitude to M.A Vo Thi Hong Minh, my
supervisor, who helped initiate the idea for the thesis, gave me a great support
and academic guidance during the preparation and the writing of this work as
well as lent me a lots of reference books as well as without her help. I could not
have finished the study
I am also grateful to some lecturers in F.L.D for giving me useful help and
encouragement.
My warmest thanks are due to my loved parents, my relatives, my close
friends for their unconditional love, support, encouragement, knowledge and the
help.
My great thanks also are given to the writers of a great of references that
are used to consult.
Finally, I got all the advice and assistance; however I fell that the thesis is
far from perfect. Thus I am in hope that I will receive since comment from you
for the study to be more perfect.

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ABSTRACT

In English as well as Vietnamese, words and phrases denoting existence
and non-existence are very important in communication and written works. Thus
the author chose the topic for the graduation thesis and in this study; we discuss
some theoretical background about definition, types, of contrastive analysis,

word, phrase, sense relation and antonym.
In addition, the author also introduces some pairs of antonym expressing
existence and non-existence in English and in Vietnamese about parts of speech,
some ways of using them as well as some idioms consisting words denoting
existence and non-existence in both of languages.
What’s more, we make comparisons between antonym pairs denoting
existence and non-existence and suggestions for translating, teaching and
learning.

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TABLES OF CONTENTS
Page
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

i

ABSTRACT

ii

TABLE OF CONTENT

iii

PART A: INTRODUCTION
1. Justification of the study

1

2. Aims and objectives of the study

1

3. Methods of the study

2

4. Scope of the study

2

5. Format of the study

2

PART B: INVESTIGATION
CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
1.1. What is C.A?

3

1.1.1. Definition

3

1.2.2 Types of C.A.

3

1.2. The word
1.2.1. Definition

4

1.2.2. Lexical meanings of the word

5

1.2.3. The components of lexical meaning

5

1.3. The phrase
1.3.1. Definition

5

1.3.2. Types of the phrases

6

1.4. Sense Relations
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1.4.1. Definition

7

1.4.2. Dimensions and sense relation

7

1.4.2.1. Substitutional sense relation

7

1.4.2.2. Combinational sense relation

8

1.4.3. Other dimensions

8

1.4.3.1. Hyponymy

8

1.4.3.2. Part- whole relation

9

1.4.3.3. Semantics fields

9

1.5. Antonyms

1.5.1. Definition

9

1.5.2. Classification of antonyms

10

1.5.2.1. Classification of antonyms in English

11

1.5.2.1.1. Gradable antonyms

11

1.5.2.1.2. Complimentary antonyms

11

1.5.2.1.3. Conversive antonyms

12

1.5.2.1.4. Directional antonyms

13

1.5.2.2. Classification of antonyms in Vietnamese

15

1.5.2.2.1. Lexical antonyms

15

1.5.2.2.2. Contextual antonyms

16

1.5.3. The source of antonyms

17

1.5.3.1. The source of English antonym

17

1.5.3.2. The source of Vietnamese antonym

18

CHAPTER 2: ANTONYM PAIRS DENOTING EXISTENCE AND NONEXISTENCE IN ENGLISH AND IN VIETNAMESE.
2.1. Antonymous words pairs denoting the existence and its opposite sense
in English and in Vietnamese
2.1.1. Verbs

19

2.1.2. Nouns

21

2.1.3. Adjectives

23
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2.2. Some ways of using antonym pairs denoting existence and its opposite
sense in English
2.2.1. In the neutral way

26

2.2.2. In the way with respect, love

28

2.2.3. In the way with dislike, humor

31

2.3. Some idioms consisting words denoting the existence and its opposite
sense in English and in Vietnamese.
2.3.1. English idioms

33

2.3.2. Vietnamese idioms

35

CHAPTER 3: CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN ANTONYM PAIR
DENOTING THE EXISTENCE AND NON-EXISTENCE IN ENGLISH
AND IN VIETNAMESE.
3.1. Similarities

37

3.2. Differences

38

3.3.

Some suggestions for translating, teaching and learning

39

PART C: CONCLUSION
1. Recapitulation

42

2. Suggestions for further studies.

42

REFERENCES

43

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