Chính sách phát triển các khu du lịch quốc gia thuộc vùng du lịch đồng bằng sông hồng và duyên hải đông bắc việt nam TT TA

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING
THUONGMAI UNIVERSITY
----------------------------------------

DUONG THI HONG NHUNG

POLICIES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL
TOURIST AREAS IN THE TOURIST ZONE OF THE
RED RIVER DELTA AND NORTHEAST COAST OF
VIETNAM

Major
Code

: Economic management
: 934.04.10

PHD IN ECONOMICS THESIS SUMMARY

Hanoi, 2021

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The thesis was completed at the Thuongmai University

Full name of Instructors:
Assoc Prof. PhD. Nguyen Thi Nguyen Hong
PhD. Tran Thi Bich Hang

Reviewer 1: ……………………………

Reviewer 2: …………………………….
Reviewer 3: …………………………….

The thesis will be defended under the evaluation of the
School-level Thesis Evaluation Council
at the Thuongmai University
At ... hour ... day ... month ... year ...

The thesis can be found at:
National Library
Library, Thuongmai University

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INTRODUCTION
1. Rationale of the study
National tourist areas (NTA) which have diverse and attractive
tourism resources with advantages in natural landscapes or cultural
values, with definite boundaries, with infrastructure and technical
facilities, high-quality and synchronous services to meet the needs
of accommodation, F&B and others of tourists, need the strict
control and management from the government to ensure long-term
and effective development.
Currently, the NTA in the tourist zone of the Red River Delta
and the North East Coast (RRD&NEC) still have no their own
tourism policy of the zone, as well as NTA. The policies currently
being implemented there include tourism development policies in
general, such as: Policy on conservation and embellishment of
tourism resources and environment; Policy on tourism product

development; Policy on training and development of human
resource; Policy on investment in infrastructure and technical
facilities in tourism; Policy on finance; Policy on tourism promotion
and publicity; Policy on linkage and cooperation in tourism
development,... However, the implementation of some policies has
not been really effective, such as: Policy on investment in
infrastructure and technical facilities in tourism is not appropriate;
Policy on training and development of human resource is still weak;
Policy on promotion and publicity has not been paid attention in
terms of both professional qualifications and financial resources to
support tourism promotion; Policy on tourism investment has not
stimulated tourism business investment; Policy on tourism product
development has not yet encouraged the exploitation of potential
tourism, has not yet developed the tourism market of the region

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commensurate with the position and tourism potential, has not yet
promoted the development of the local tourism industry, ...
Therefore, the development of tourism in the NTA in RRD&NEC
has not really effective. For that, I have chosen the topic "Policy for
the development of national tourist areas in the tourist zone of the
Red River Delta and Northeastern Coast of Vietnam" for my
doctoral thesis.
2. Research goal, tasks and questions
The research goal and tasks
The research goal of the thesis is to propose solutions and
recommendations to improve the policy for the development of
NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC.

In order to reach that goal, the tasks of the thesis include:
- Overview of the research situation and determine the research
method of the thesis.
- Systematize and supplement the theoretical basis for policy for
the development of NTAs in the tourist zone; Researching
experiences on policy for development a number of NTAs in the
world and in Vietnam in order to draw lessons for the improvement
of the policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of
RRD&NEC.
- To survey, analyze and evaluate comprehensively the policy
and its procedure for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of
RRD&NEC and the influencing factors, drawing successes,
limitations and their causes from the current situation.
- Proposing a number of solutions and recommendations to
improve policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of
RRD&NEC.
Research questions
Based on research goal and tasks, the research questions include:

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Firstly, What is the theoretical basis for the policy for the
development of NTAs in the tourist zone? What experience on the
policy for the development of NTAs in the world and in Vietnam
that NTAs of the RRD & RRD can apply?
Secondly, What are the policies for the development of NTAs in
the tourist zone of RRD&NEC? How are their procedure? Which
factors affecting the policy for the development of NTAs in the
tourist zone of RRD&NEC?

Thirdly, what are the views and directions for improving the
policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of
RRD&NEC and what are the solutions and recommendations to
improve the policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone
of RRD&NEC?
3. Object and scope of the study
The object of the research is a number of theoretical and
practical issues on the policy for the development of NTAs in the
tourist zone.
Research scope
- About the research content
There are many groups of policy for the development of NTAs
such as economic policies, cultural policies, tourism policies, etc.
However, from my survey and by practical observations at planned
NTAs, I has limited to 8 tourism policies, such as: Policy on
conservation and embellishment of tourism resources and
environment, Policy on finance, Policy on tourism stimulus, Policy
on training and development of human resource, Policy on
investment in infrastructure and technical facilities in tourism,
Policy on tourism product development, Policy on tourism
promotion and publicity and Policy on linkage and cooperation in
tourism development.

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The tourism policies in the thesis scope include the policies of
the State and the policies of the locality.
Beside researching the content of the tourism policies, the thesis
also studies the policy procedure to develop tourism in the NTAs in

RRD&NEC.
- About the research geographical scope:
The thesis studies at the localities which have NTA as
determined by the Prime Minister's Decision No. 2163/QD-TTg
approving the "Master plan for tourism development in the
RRD&NEC until 2020, with a vision to 2030”.
According to it, the RRD&NEC includes 9 NTAs: Vietnam
Ethnic Culture and Tourism Village (Hanoi), Ba Vi - Suoi Hai
(Hanoi), Tam Dao (Vinh Phuc), Tam Chuc (Ha Nam), Con Son Kiep Bac (Hai Duong), Ha Long - Cat Ba (Quang Ninh - Hai
Phong), Van Don (Quang Ninh), Tra Co (Quang Ninh) and Trang An
(Ninh Binh).
- About the research time: The thesis is limited to studying the
current situation in the period of 2015 - 2019, and some issues are
considered in the context of 2020 and proposed solutions to 2025,
with a vision to 2030.
4. New findings of the thesis:
- New academic and theoretical findings: The thesis has
systematized and focused on clarifying the theoretical bases of
policies for the development of National tourist areas in the tourist
zone, including defining the policies for tourism development of
National tourist areas, defining policy content and process for the
development of National tourist areas, researching and assessing the
impact of factors affecting policies for the development of National
tourist areas in the tourist zone.

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- New findings in practical evaluation: The thesis has
systematized 8 lessons learned that can be applied to improve the

policies for development of national tourist areas in the tourist zone of
the Red River Delta and Northeast Coast of Vietnam on the basis of
studying the experience of some typical national tourist areas in
Vietnam and a number of national tourist areas in China and Korea;
The thesis has analyzed and evaluated objectively and
comprehensively the successes and limitations of the current
situation of 8 tourism development policies in the national tourist
areas; of the policy procedure for the development of national tourist
areas in the RRD&NEC. The thesis also explains clearly the causes
of limitations in tourism development policy in the national tourist
areas, in the policy procedure of developing national tourist areas in
RRD&NEC.
- New recommended solutions: The thesis has proposed 3
groups of solutions that are systematic and have practical scientific
basis to improve policies for development of national tourist areas in
the tourist zone of RRD&NEC of Vietnam; they are: a group of
solutions to improve the policy procedure, a group of solutions to
improve policies and a group of solution for specific policy to
develop tourism of national tourist areas;
The thesis has also proposed a number of recommendations
on policy for relevant ministries, departments and branches, at
central and local levels, in order to create a perfect environment for
policies for development of national tourist areas in the tourist zone
of the RRD&NEC of Vietnam.
5. Structure of the thesis
The thesis is structured with 4 chapters.

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CHAPTER 1. LITERATURE REVIEW
AND RESEARCH METHODS OF THE THESIS
1. Literature review and research gap
1.1.1. Literature review
In the literature review, I summarized the works related to the
research scope of the thesis including 4 issues: (1) Tourist areas
(TAs), NTA; (2) State management on tourism, (3) Policy on
tourism development, policy on tourism development at TAs (4)
Research on tourism in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC.
From the summary of previous studies, I found out that these
studies had not studied and approached systematically and
comprehensively on the policy for the development of NTAs in the
tourist zone of RRD&NEC. Not pointed out fully the tourism
policies to develop tourism as well as the factors affecting the
implementation and improvement the policy for the development of
NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC.
From the literatureview of previous studies, the I explore that
the research gaps include:
- Tourism policies are being applied in the NTAs.
- The implementing procedure of tourism policies to develop
tourism in NTAs.
- Factors affecting the policy procedure for developing tourism
at NTAs.
- Current situation of implementing policies for the development
of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC.
- Solutions and recommendations proposed to improve the
policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of
RRD&NEC.
1.2. Research methodology

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The thesis has used data collection methods including primary
and secondary data for analysis, comparison, synthesis and statistics.
Using a combination of many different research methods to better
meet the research goal.
CHAPTER 2. THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL BASIS
ABOUT POLICY FOR DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL
TOURIST AREA
2.1. Some basic concepts on the policy for developing national
tourist areas
2.1.1. National tourist area
In Vietnam, Article 6 – Vietnam Tourism Law 2017, a tourist
area (TA) is defined as “an area with an advantage in tourism
resources, which is planned, invested and developed to meet the
diverse needs of tourists. TA includes provincial tourism and
national tourism”.
Potential TAs will be considered for plan to develop as NTA.
When this TA fully meets the conditions as prescribed by Vietnam
Tourism Law 2017 and Decree 168/2017/ND-CP, it will be
recognized as an official NTA. This is the only view in Vietnam
about the NTA and also my approach when researching the thesis.
The characteristics of the NTA are summarized as follows:
- To organize for exploitation of business according to the
provisions of law, under the management of ministries, departments
and branches at the national level.
- Capable of expanding, including many tourist attractions
linked together.
- Having a special attraction, built and operated to meet the

needs of tourists.

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- Having enough value and large scale in terms of natural
resources and exploitation value in tourism according to the
regulations of each country, bringing economic, social and
environmental benefits to the locality and the country.
- Having specific characteristics of the region (historical,
cultural, natural, man-made) that make a difference and compete
with other NTAs.
- Be planned and invested to meet the needs of sustainable
tourism development.
- The NTAs can be built self-contained or non-closed, in which
there may or may not be local population living.
2.1.2. Developing a NTA
There are many different views on the development of NTA.
Within the scope of the thesis, I identifies the development of NTAs
as tourism development in NTAs.
Thus, tourism development in NTAs is an increase in quantity,
ensuring a reasonable structure of tourism services and improving
the quality of tourism services in NTAs in order to provide better
services to tourists. and bring increasing benefits to other
stakeholders (such as local authorities, travel companies and
residential communities), thereby ensuring economic efficiency and
sustainable development for the NTAs and the locality where the
NTA is located.
2.1.3. Policy for development NTA
Policy for development NTA is a synthesis of views, guidelines,

measures, programs and modes of action on tourism of the State
(central and local), affecting socio-economic objects in NTAs, in
order to achieve the tourism development goals.
2.2. Research content on policy for development of national
tourist areas

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2.2.1. Policy for development of national tourist areas
Through the results of expert interviews, I found out that, in
order to develop tourism, it is necessary to focus on the following 8
tourism policies: Policy on conservation and embellishment of
tourism resources and environment, Policy on finance, Policy on
tourism stimulus, Policy on training and development of human
resource, Policy on investment in infrastructure and technical
facilities in tourism, Policy on tourism product development, Policy
on tourism promotion and publicity and Policy on linkage and
cooperation in tourism development.
2.2.2. The policy procedure for development of national tourist
areas
The policy procedure usually includes the main stages, with
chronological order as: Policy formulation, policy promulgation,
policy implementation, policy check, inspection and policy
adjustment. Beside, it can be divided into smaller phases, depending
on the size and nature of the policy being enacted. Based on that, it
is possible to summarize the main stages in the policy procedure for
the development of national tourist areas as follows:
Step 1. Formulate and promulgate policy
Step 2. Organize the implementation of the policy

Step 3. Check and inspect the implementation of the policy
Step 4. Assess and adjustment policy
2.3. Factors affecting the policy for developing of national
tourist areas
2.3.1. National macro-scale factors
Policy for developing of NTAs is influenced by the following
major national macro factors: Political security and social safety;
Level of awareness and capacity of state management agencies; The
development of tourism demand to the NTAs.

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2.3.2. Provincial scale factors
At the local level, policy for developing of NTAs is influenced
by a number of key factors as follows: Socio-economic development
policy of the locality that has the NTA; Policy and orientation for
tourism development of locality that has the NTA; Local budgets for
the development of NTAs; The development of infrastructure and
tourism technical facilities in the locality that has the NTA; Tourism
human resources of the locality that has the NTA; Perception of
local people and tourism resources at the locality.
Thus, policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone
are affected by many different factors. Identification and analysis of
influencing factors will help to build up and implement policy for
the development of NTAs effectively and successfully.
2.4. Experiences on policy for tourism development in some
national tourist areas and lessons learned for the Red River
Delta and Northeast Coast
I has selected and studied experiences on policy for tourism

development in some NTAs, including:
- In Vietnam: Tuyen Lam Lake (Da Lat City, Lam Dong
Province, in the Central Highlands tourist zone), Sapa (Lao Cai City,
in the Northern Midlands and Mountainous Tourist Zone), Nui Sam
(An Giang, in the tourist area of the Mekong Delta Zone).
- Around the world: Goseokjeong National Park (Korea) and
Tam Thanh Mountain Resort (China)
From that, 8 lessons have been drawn for the NTAs in the
RRD&NEC, Vietnam.
CHAPTER 3. SITUATION OF POLICY FOR
DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL TOURIST AREAS IN THE
RED RIVER DELTA AND NORTHEAST COAST

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3.1. Overview of tourism development in the Red River Delta
and Northeast Coast and national tourist areas in the region
According to the Prime Minister's Decision No. 2163/QD-TTg
issued on November 11, 2013 on "Approval of the Master Plan for
Tourism Development in the Red River Delta and Red River Delta
until 2020, with a vision to 2030", on territorial organization, The
RRD&NEC has 9 NTAs. However, except for Tra Co NTA (Quang
Ninh) which has been officially recognized, the remaining NTA
have not been built or have been built but have not yet been
approved by the Government to develop as a NTA. Therefore, at the
time of the study, they only existed in the form of attractions or
local-level tourist attractions, the scale and tourism activities were
still quite limited, there was no separate policy for each areas but the
general tourism policies for the whole locality. Therefore, these

localities urgently need to build up and implement tourism policies
reasonably and effectively to exploit tourism potential, bringing
benefits to the locality and the country.
3.2. Results of the current situation analysis of policy for the
development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC
3.2.1. Policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of
RRD&NEC
In order to develop tourism, appropriate policies are
indispensable. According to my survey results, in the localities
which have NTA in the RRD & RD, the policies have been
promulgated and implemented quite fully. However, the level of
expression of policies in each locality is different. In addition, in the
policies implemented in the past time, through documents,
decisions, circulars, decrees, etc., there were policies that were
issued independently (specifically on a certain content, such as:

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policies on conservation and embellishment of tourism resources
and environment; policies on tourism promotion and publicity, etc.),
but there were also general policies, including many different
contents such as resolutions and projects on tourism development at
the local,…
Besides, according to my research, currently, the issued tourism
policies are policies to develop tourism in general in the locality, in
order to create conditions for local tourism development, including
tourism development of the NTAs, there still had no yet the specific
policies for tourism development of NTAs.
Specifically, the current status of tourism policies to develop

tourism in NTAs of RRD&NEC included:
- Policy on conservation and embellishment of tourism
resources and environment,
- Policy on finance,
- Policy on tourism stimulus,
- Policy on training and development of human resource,
- Policy on investment in infrastructure and technical facilities
in tourism,
- Policy on tourism product development,
- Policy on tourism promotion and publicity
- Policy on linkage and cooperation in tourism development
3.2.2. Current procedure policy for the development of national
tourist areas in the Red River Delta and Northeast Coast
3.2.2.1. Situation of policy formulation and promulgation
Within the scope of the thesis, I focuses on understanding and
researching tourism policies and tourism policy procedure in order
to develop tourism in the NTAs in RRD&NEC, including the central
and local policies. In which, with the Central policies, localities

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implement only. Therefore, the content of policy formulation and
promulgation is studied with local policies in the zone.
The formulation and promulgation of policies to develop the
NTAs in the RRD&NEC are also carried out according to the
following steps: Identify and select problems; Develop plans; Select
the optimal option and decide to issue the policy.
3.2.2.2. Situation of policy implementation organization
Central policies and local policies are organized and

implemented locally. In the policy implementation organization,
through actual investigation, only a few NTAs in RRD&NEC have
established a specialized management agency of the NTA, that is,
the Management Boards have their own names and some are
directly under the People's Committees. In order to manage the TA,
the local websites have introduced and regulated the coordination
between the departments of state management of tourism (Ministry
of Culture, Sports and Tourism, Department of Tourism / Culture,
Sport and Tourism) and the local People's Committee to implement
the content of tourism development programs and policies to
develop tourism.
According to the results of interviews with experts, the
implementation of central and local policies includes two stages:
- Preparation phase for policy implementation
- Phase for policy implementation
3.2.2.3. . Situation of check and inspection the policy
implementation
In the implementation of check and inspection policies, through
consultation with experts and practical observations, the author
found out that localities which have NTA are planned in RRD&NEC
(according to Decision 2163/QD-TTg) has fully implemented the
inspection and supervision of the implementation of the policy for

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the development of NTAs, such as inspection and check of the
exploitation of natural resources and the protection of the tourism
environment in the locality in order to ensure sustainable tourism
development; checking and inspecting investment projects of

infrastructure and tourism technical facilities,...
3.2.2.4. Situation of assessment and adjustment policy
a, Assessment policy: The agencies (according to their powers
and responsibilities) have carried out inspection and checking the
implementation of the policies at localities. The target audience was
the local tourism business in NTAs.
Policy assessment criterias include: Conformity with the
guidelines of the Party and the State, synchronization, transparency,
stability, scientific and feasible, meeting the needs of both
businesses and tourists, receiving widespread support from the local
people.
b, Adjustment policy: Through the author's practical
observations and consultation with experts, it has been shown that,
over a period of policy issuance, many localities have decided to
adjust some policies to suit reality, such as: has been and continuesly
perfecting a number of the draft of legal documents, guidelines for
implementation of the Tourism Law, a number of tourism
development policies such as decisions on tourism development.
adjust the tourism development planning and resolutions in line with
the current domestic and international context to meet the
requirements of the development of NTA and the process of
international economic integration of the locality; make some
adjustments to individual policies of each locality such as adjusting
some local investment support, etc.
3.3. Analysis of factors affecting the policy for the development
of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC

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The impact of factors affecting policy for the development of
NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC are evaluated at different
levels. There are factors in this locality that have a lot of impact, but
conversely, in other localities, the impact is very modest.
The results of a sociological survey with businesses operating in
NTAs in RRD&NEC show that these factors have a positive
influence on policy for the development of NTAs in RRD&NEC. In
which, the policy and orientation of tourism development of the
locality is considered the most important because the policies are put
in place to achieve the goal of tourism development. So, local policy
and orientaion to develop tourism will be the factor determining the
goals to be achieved of the policy, which makes the policies clearer,
more specific and practical, through which the implementation of
the policy for the development of NTAs is also more convenient and
the probability of success when applying the policy is also higher. In
addition, other factors are also recognized and evaluated by
businesses at different levels, but they all greatly affect tourism
development policies in these NTAs.
3.4. General assessment of the current situation of policy for the
development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC
3.4.1. Success and causes
In recent years, policy for the development of NTAs in the
tourist zone of RRD&NEC has had the following successes:
- Policies for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of
RRD&NEC are becoming more and more complete, gradually
bringing into play their effects, basically achieving the objectives set
by the industry and management levels.
- Regarding the procedure, basically the policies are developed
and promulgated according to the correct procedure, the policy
implementation organization is quite reasonable, with observation,

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inspection, assessment and adjustment policy according to the actual
situation, received general consensus, obtained certain achievements
in tourism development in the locality which have NTAs.
The reasons for the above successes are: The Party and State's
guidelines and policies for socio-economic development in general
and tourism development in particular, as well as of each locality
have a consensus, have created conditions for economic
development of tourism; The level of awareness and capacity of the
management agency in the local in the RRD&NEC; Diversity of
tourism resources of localities and Awareness of local people and
related objects.
3.4.2. Limited and causes
Beside the success, policy for the development of NTAs in the
tourist zone of RRD&NEC has the following limitations:
* Regarding to policy for the development of NTAs in the
tourist zone of RRD&NEC, which are: Policy on conservation and
embellishment of natural resources and tourism environment;
Financial policy; Policy on investment in infrastructure and
technical infrastructure; Development policy; The policy of tourism
promotion and advertising, are still inadequate.
* Regarding the policy procedure: Most of the policies in the
implementation procedure still reveal many limitations such as:
- The formulation and promulgation of specific tourism
development policies for NTAs are not yet available, current tourism
development policies in NTAs are all local general tourism
development policies, that make policy for the development of

NTAs have not shown specificity, priority and distinction.
- The organization and implementation policy, policies when
implemented are still inadequate, the system of legal documents is
many but the specific guiding documents are unclear, overlapping,

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the inspection monitoring and assigning responsibilities at all levels
still face many difficulties.
In addition, the coordination between sectors and levels in the
field of tourism in the organization of policy implementation is still
not high. Cooperation between state management agencies is still
quite weak, so policy implementation faces many difficulties,
especially agencies related to policy propaganda.
- In the content of policy observation and inspection: The
handling and adjustment of policies to suit the current situation of
the locality have not been paid attention in time, many violations are
not handled immediately and handled thoroughly.
The causes of the above shortcomings are shown in the
following aspects: The level of awareness and professional capacity
of all levels and related industries is still limited; Policy propaganda
to local people is still limited; The proportion and quantity of budget
sources allocated to tourism activities, especially for tourism
development policies in NTAs are still very small compared to
demand, so the level of focus on implementing national tourism
development policies is not high; The local tourism human resources
in the NTAs are still lacking and very weak, most of them only
temporarily meet the requirements in terms of quantity but are not
guaranteed in quality.

CHAPTER 4. SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS TO
IMPROVE THE POLICY FOR DEVELOPMENT OF
NATIONAL TOURIST AREAS IN THE RED RIVER DELTA
AND NORTH EAST COAST
4.1. Context, goals and directions of tourism development in the
Red River Delta and Northeast Coast

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The tourism context is always fluctuating in different stages,
depending on the problem situation it faces. Basically, the context of
national and international tourism is generalized through four main
issues: The change in tourism demand; Health and safety are more
focused; Innovation and digitization are urgent requirements;
Sustainability in tourism development. The above generalized issues
have created the opportunities and challenges that the tourism
industry in the localities which have NTAs in the RRD&NEC have
to face with.
The goal of tourism development in the RRD&NEC is to form a
link between localities to develop tourism in the region in a
comprehensive and synchronous manner; building a typical tourism
product of the region in order to form its own tourism brand in the
RRD&NEC; Striving to 2030, the RRD&NEC becomes the leading
tourist attraction and distribution area of the country.
The general direction of tourism development of the whole
RRD&NEC has been determined in the "Master plan for tourism
development in the RRD&NEC until 2020, vision to 2030"
according to Decision No. 2163/QD-TTg/QD-TTg.
According to Decision No. 201/QD-TTg dated January 22,

2013 of the Prime Minister approving the "Master plan for tourism
development in Vietnam to 2020, vision to 2030", the country has 46
NTAs. After that, the Prime Minister agreed to add 03 more
locations; Thus, up to now, our country has 49 potential sites for the
development of the NTAs.
4.2. Perspectives and orientations to improve the policy for the
development of NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC
Improving the policy for the development of NTAs in the tourist
zone of RRD&NEC must be consistent with the direction of
improving the policy for the development of NTAs defined in the

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Prime Minister's Decision No. 2163/QĐ-TTg “Master plan for
tourism development in the Red River Delta and Red River Delta
until 2020, vision to 2030” and must also be placed in the context of
the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourism activities globally
and on our country.
4.3. The main solution to policy for the development of NTAs in
the tourist zone of RRD&NEC by 2025, with a vision to 2030
4.3.1. Solution to improve policies
Through analyzing the current status of policies that have been
implemented, it can be seen that, in the development policies of the
NTA, a number of sub-policy policies such as the Policy on
conservation and embellishment of tourism resources and
environment, Policy on finance, Policy on training and development
of human resource, Policy on tourism product development, Policy
on tourism promotion and publicity are still inadequate. Since then,
it is required that the localities in the RRD&NEC need to have

specific solutions to some of those policies in order to be able to
complete the policy system for tourism development there.
Specifically: Completing the develop tourism, it is necessary to
focus on the following 8 tourism policies: Policy on conservation
and embellishment of tourism resources and environment, Policy on
finance, Policy on training and development of human resource,
Policy on investment in infrastructure and technical facilities in
tourism, Policy on tourism product development, Policy on tourism
promotion and publicity and Policy on linkage and cooperation in
tourism development.
4.3.2. Solution to improve the policy process
In the past time, the organization and implementation of
policies in localities that have NTAs in RRD&NEC have been quite
basic and complete. However, in the opinion of experts and from the

21


results of the assessment of the current situation of the policy
procedure, the researcher realized that it is necessary to add more
specific solutions to improve some contents in the policy process,
thereby effective for the development of NTAs in the tourist zone of
RRD&NEC. Specifically, it is necessary to improve the formulation
and promulgation of policies; Completing the organization and
implementation of policies and completing the observation and
inspection policy on the development of NTAs in RRD&NEC.
4.3.3. Solution for specific policy to develop tourism of national
tourist areas
At present, the policies to develop the NTAs are not specific to
the NTAs but still a general policy for tourism development.

Therefore, it is necessary to identify specific policies for tourism
development in the NTAs. Particularly:
- Invest in tourism infrastructure and key transport within the
NTAs, increasing the accessibility to the NTAs more effectively.
- Attract strategic investors of great caliber, capable of building,
creating and implementing tourism development projects of
synchronous and quality within the NTAs.
- Develop thematic tourism development projects in each NTA.
- Accelerate the application of digital technology,
telecommunications infrastructure, and 5G networks in tourism
development in NTAs.
- Encourage the application of clean technology and green
energy in the NTAs.
4.4. Some recommendations
In order to improve the policy for the development of NTAs in
the tourist zone of RRD&NEC, besides proposing solutions, the
researcher also made some recommendations. Specifically:

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- Make recommendations to central agencies including the
Ministry of Planning and Investment and the Ministry of Finance.
- Make recommendations to local agencies such as Department
of Transport; Department of Planning & Investment; Department of
Industrial and commercial facilities; Department of Information &
Communication; Department of Education and training; Department
of Environment and resource.

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CONCLUDE
Within the scope of thesis, the researcher has tried to
synthesize, research, analyze and propose 3 groups of policy
solutions to develop NTAs in the tourist zone of RRD&NEC,
including: solutions to improve policy procedure related to the
improvement of organization, implementation of policies and
improvement of observation and inspection of policy compliance;
solutions to improve policies for the development of NTAs in the
tourist zone of RRD&NEC, including Policy on conservation and
embellishment of tourism resources and environment, Policy on
finance, Policy on training and development of human resource,
Policy on investment in infrastructure and technical facilities in
tourism, Policy on tourism product development, Policy on tourism
promotion and publicity and Policy on linkage and cooperation in
tourism development; and Solution for specific policy to develop
tourism of NTAs. In addition, in order to create a legal corridor and
favorable conditions for the development of the NTAs in
RRD&NEC, the researcher proposed some recommendations to the
central and local agencies.
Despite the best efforts throughout the research process, the
thesis cannot avoid certain limitations and errors. Within the
framework of this thesis, there are still some theoretical issues that
cannot be clarified or explained in detail. These questions are
currently unanswered due to limited information as well as the
limited expertise and research time.
In the future, if there is a chance to continue researching on this
issue, I will try to apply my abilities and understanding to clarify the
above theoretical questions, clarify the situation of policies for

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tourism development, especially policies for developing of NTAs in
the RRD&NEC of Vietnam.

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