Nghiên cứu, biên soạn bách khoa toàn thư ẩm thực việt nam

Nghien cuu, bien soan
Bach Ichoa toan thu am thuc Viet Nam
ViroTQg Xuan Tinh'
' Vifn Dan tgc hgc, Vi^n Han lam Khoa hgc xi hgi Viet Nam.
Email:
Nhan ngdy 22 thdng 4 ndm 2019. Chdp nhdn ddng ngdy 16 thing 7 ndm 2019.
Tom tat: Trong De an bien soan Bach khoa toan thu (BKTT) Vigt Nam, dm thye thuoc Quyen 36.
Day la lan ddu tien Viet Nam xay dyng BKTT v8 am thye nen khi trien khai, can tham khao each
thye hign cua mgt sd nudc tren the gidi. De nghien cdu va bien soan, each tiep can lien nganh, tiep
c|in tdng hgp, ciing vdi phuang phap tdng quan tai lieu va phuang phap chuyen gia dugc chu trgng.
Sau khi xac dinh myc tii am thye theo viing van hda va theo hg thong chuyen nganh, cd 378 muc tit
dugc de xuat bien soan, sap xep theo 6/7 loai hinh do Ban Chi dao De an bien soan BKTT Vigt
Nam hudng dan. Vigc lya chgn myc td con dugc dya tren cac nguyen tac cua Ban Chi dao.
Tur khoa: Bach khoa toan thu am thye, Vi?t Nam, nghi6n cihi, bien so?in, myc td.
Phan loai nganh: Dan tgc hgc
Abstract: In the Scheme to Compile the Vietnam Encyclopedia, the theme of gastronomy is to be
in Volume 36. The country is for the first time compiling such a volume, so it needs to study the
work done by a number of other countries in the world. For research and compilation, an
interdisciplinary, integrated approach, and the method of material overview, and that of experts are
attached importance to. After the identification of word entries of gastronomy by cultural regions
and by a specialised system, 378 of them were proposed to be compiled, arranged in accordance
with six out of seven types as guided by the Steering Committee of the Scheme. The selection of
entries was also based on the principles set by the committee.
Keywords: Encyclopedia of gastronomy, Vietnam, research, compilation, word entries.
Subject classification: Ethnology


Vuong Xuan Tinh
I. Md dau
Trong mgi thdi dai, mgi hoan canh, dm thuc
luon la mdi quan tdm hang ddu eua con

ngudi, kd ca d cap dd ca nhdn, cgng ddng,
qudc gia hay nhan loai. Sd dT nhu vdy bdi
hon het, am thuc dap dng nhu cau dinh
dudng cho tdn tai, va theo do, lidn quan ddn
quyen lyc, sy chia se, ket ndi xa hdi vd
phan anh sau sac nhiing dae diem van hda.
Am tbyc luon la ddi tugng eua nhidu
ITnh vyc nghien cdu. Trdn the gidi, cd thd
udc tdi hang van edng trinh vd dm thuc.
Tiep can nghien cuu dm thye cd nhidu
hudng, song ndi bat Id nghidn cdu dudi gdc
do ndng ngMep, sinh hge, y te, kinh te, dinh
duong, nhdn hgc, dan tgc hgc, van hda hgc,
xa hdi hge, sd hge. Trdn co sd dd, da xudt
Men nMeu nghidn cdu lidn nganh, kd cd
giiia khoa hgc ty nhidn va khoa hgc xa hgi.
Trong ngMen cuu dm thuc, nhidm vy
quan trgng la bidn soan, xuat ban BKTT.
Cdng tririh nay eung cap nhdn thuc toan
di?n vd dm thye. Ddn nay, BKTT ve dm
thye da dugc nhidu nudc, nhat la cac nudc
phuang Tay thye Men rdt cdng phu, va dac
bi^t phat trien td nhiing nam 80 cua the ky
XX. Tuy nhidn, do am thuc Hen quan den
nhieu ITnh vyc khoa hgc, nen du xdy dyng
mdt BKTT chuydn nganh d cap do nao
ciing khdng bao quat dugc mgi ITnh vyc.
Am thye Vidt Nam dugc danh gid la da
dang va dde dao, bdi dya trdn ngudn luong
thye, thye phdm phong phu va giao luu vdi

nhieu nen am thuc trdn the gidi nen chi
dung sau am thye Trung Qudc vd am thye
Phap. Song, viec nghien cuu am thuc Viet
Nam chi dugc chu trgng td khi tidn hanh
cdng cugc ddi mdi (1986), vdi hai khuynh
hudng chinh. Mot Id, nghien cdu ve lich sd

am thuc: cdc ngMen cdu nay thudng dugc
Idng ghep trong tim hidu vd dm thuc vung,
midn hoac am thye cua tdc ngudi; va trong
sd cac nghien cuu, vide phan anh lich su dm
thye ro net nhat la tac phdm Khdm phd dm
thuc truyin thdng Viet Nam [11]. Hai Id,
xem xet dac didm dm thye: nhiing ngMen
cuu nay rdt phong phii, trong do cd trinh
bay vd dm thye chung eua Viet Nam [4],
[7]; am thye ciia ngudi Viet d ba mien Bdc,
Trung, Nam [1], [3], [8]; [12]; dm thye cua
cac tdc ngudi thieu sd [2], [5], [6], [10].
Ngoai ra, phai kd den edng trmh bien soan
ve Tie dien mon dn Viet Nam [9], vdi vide
trinh bay each ehe bien mdn an, nhung cdn
it chu y tdi dac diem vdn hda.
Nhung cdng trinh ngMdn edu da neu tuy
da dang, song chua phdn anh toan didn va
dap ling nhu edu phat trien cua dm thye
Viet Nam, chua gdp phdn quang ba dm thuc
cua dat nudc vdi the gidi. Bdi vay, Dd an
bien soan BKTT Viet Nam da xdy dyng
hgp phdn am thuc. Nhdm bidn soan vd Am

thye thudc Quyen 36 - gdm 4 hgp phdn la
Du lich, Thd dye the thao, Am thye va
Trang phuc.
Dd gop phdn tbyc hidn nhiem vu dugc
giao, tu tim hidu kinh nghiem cua nudc
ngoai, kd thua thdnh tuu ngMen cdu trong
nudc, bai viet nay se de xudt each tiep can,
phuang phap nghidn edu va bien soan
BKTT dm thye Viet Nam.
2. Bach khoa toan thu- am thuc d nudc ngoai
Qua khao sat 20 quydn BKTT dm thyc^,
hoac lien quan ddn dm tbyc bdng tidng Anh
dd tham khao kinh nghiem, chiing tdi cd
mdt sd nhdn xet nhu sau:
81


Khoa hgc xa hgi Viet Nam, sd 9 - 2019
Cdu tnie cua cac BKTT la: (1) Bia (gM tai lieu dge thdm, d ndi dung trinh bay
ten cua BKTT, ten cua Tdng Bidn tap hay khdng ghi trich ddn; cdn ndu cudi muc td cd
bien tap); (2) Thdng tin ve Ban Bidn tap (cd tai lieu tham khao, d ndi dung trinh bay se
the cd Hdi ddng tu vdn bien tap); (3) Ldi ddn ngudn eu thd. Trong cac myc td, c6 the
cdm cm; (4) CM ddn each sd dung; (5) Danh trinh bay bang, bidu dd, sa dd, ban do hay
muc bang, ban dd; (6) Muc luc; (7) Ldi ndi Mnh anh.
ddu; (8) Tu loai.
Sy hgp tac trong xdy dung BKTT
Vd td chdc bien tdp va tdc gid, thudng thudng rdt rdng, nhat Id vdi nhiing cdng
cdc BKTT cd Tdng Bidn tap hay bien tap. trinh cdn lien nganh cao. Cd cdng trinh nhu
Ban Bien tap va tac gia. Vdi tae gia, ed the da ddn vd BKTT vi khudn thiec phdm [14]
chinh Id Tdng Bien tap, bien tap va cac tap hgp han 400 tae gia thudc nhiing ITnh

thdnh vien trong Ban Bidn tap; ngoai ra cd vyc sinh hgc, hda hge, ndng ngMep, dinh
nhiing tac gid dugc gM tryc tidp d mue td. duong hgc, kinh te, van hda d ca 5 chdu luc.
Trong sd cac BKTT da ndu, cM cd BKTT ve Theo do, dung lugng cua mdi cdng trinh
an udng: Huang ddn dinh duang cho siec ciing rdt Idn: c6 nhiing cdng trinh gdm
khde [17] cd ca cdu bien tap phue tap nhat nhidu tap, raoi tap khoang gan 1.000 trang
(gdm: 4 Ddng Tong Bien tap; 2 Ddng Phd [18]; cd cdng trinh cM cd mdt tap, vdi hon
Tdng Bien tap; 1 Bidn tap trg giup; I Giara 6.000 trang [15].
ddc bien tap; 2 Ddng Giam dde my thudt; 2
Trong sd cac BKTT da neu, chung tdi
Chii giai vd thudc; 1 Trg ly bidn tap; 1 Tu vdn
chgn BKTT Am thuc vd Vdn hda Iam mdu
san phdm; 1 ngudi phu trdch anh). Ve tae gid,
chinh dd tham khao [18], [19]. Ngoai viec
BKFTvi vi khudn thuc phdm vdi dung lugng
td chuc bien tap chung nhu da dd cap, mue
3.243 trang, cd tdi ban 400 tdc gia cua cac
td cua BKTT nay dugc td chdc theo each
myctu[14].
xdp tu loai tu A ddn Z, song van phan anh
Cae BKTT vd dra thye hay lien quan den
dac didm dm thye theo ngudn thue an, mdn
dm thuc ddu dya trdn ket qud nghien cuu
an, each chd bidn, bieu tugng an udng,
lien nganh, nhu giiia dinh dudng hgc, kinh
khdng gian an udng, lich sd an udng, nhan
te, van hda [20]; dinh duong hgc, hda hgc,
vat cd ddng gdp cho sy phat tridn cua dm
sinh hgc, van hda [15]; ndng nghiep, kinh
tbyc, dm thye va tdn gido, dm thye va nhdm
td, hda hgc, sinh hgc, dinh dudng hgc, van

xa hdi, dm thuc va quyen lyc, dm thye ciia
hda [16]; dinh duong, sinh hgc, y hgc, van
hda [17]; van hoa, nhan hgc, dan tdc hgc, su eac vimg tren thd gidi. Theo do, cd thd
nghTa eua tu loai ehua mang dac didm hay
hgc, xa hdi hgc, dulieh [13], [18].
gia tri dm thye, song ndi dung trinh bay lai
Viec td chuc muc td eua cac BKTT cd
phan anh dieu dy. Vi dy, tu loai "Viet Nam"
hai khuynh hudng chinh: (1) Td chdc theo
dugc xdp trong trdt tu A, B, C; vd ndi dung
vdn tu A ddn Z; (2) Td chdc theo vdn de va
thi trinh bay ve am thue cua Viet Nam; td
trong mdi vdn de, trinh bay td loai theo A,
B, C. Ca hai each to chue trdn ddu cd tai loai "Dao Ca ddc" ciing duge xdp trong trat
lidu dge them hoac tai lieu tham khdo d tu A, B, C, cdn ngi dung trinh bay lai cM
eudi rauc tu. Theo do, neu cudi rauc tu cd lien quan ddn dm thye cua tdn gido nay.
82


Vuong Xuan Tinh
3. Cach tiep can va phinmg phap nghien
cuu, bien soan Bach khoa toan thir am
thtfc Viet Nam
Am thye thudc ITnh vyc Udn quan den nhieu
ngdnh, vi vay tiep can lidn nganh la rat can
tMdt khi bien soan BKTT. Bai viet nay se
tap trung ldm rd each tiep can lien nganh
thudc ITnh vuc khoa hgc xa hgi, ma truae
hit la tidp can nhan hgc. Trong nhdn hgc cd
rdt nhidu phan nganh, song cdn chd trgng

bdn phdn nganh cd lien quan, do la nhdn
hgc tap quan am tbyc, nhdn hgc dinh
duong, nhdn hge an ninh luong thye va
nhan hgc an toan thye phdm. Thie hai, tidp
can ddn tdc hgc xem xet tinh tdc ngudi bidu
Mdn trong dm thuc, vi mdi tdc ngudi
thudng cd mdt sd truyen thdng am thye
rieng, thd hidn trong mdn an hay each thdc
an udng. Thie ba, tidp can vdn hda hge
nhdm tim Mdu ddc didm, sy tidp xuc, giao
luu van hda cua dm thuc. Thu tu, tidp can
su hgc dd xem xet qua trinh phat tridn va
bidn ddi cua dm thye. Nhiing tiep can da
neu se thd hien trong trinh bay eac muc td;
va tuy timg dac diem cua myc tu ma viec
lien nganh dugc tbyc hidn d rade do nao.
Bdn canh tidp can lidn nganh trong khoa
hgc xa hdi, kM bien soan BKTT ve dm
thuc, cdn cd tidp can he thdng. Am thye
Viet Nam phong phii vd da dang, duang
nMen cd mdi quan he sdu sdc vdi nhiing
dieu kien khac (nhu ty nhien, lieh su, cMnh
di, kinh td, xa hdi, van hda). Bdi vay, viee
trinh bay BKTT dm thye Vi?t Nam cln
phan anh cMdu canh nay.

Cung vdi tiep can, can xdy dung phuang
phap khi ngMen cuu va bidn soan BKTT.
Cd hai phuong phap chinh dugc thye Men.
Mpt Id, phuang phap tdng quan. Ddy la

phuang phap quan trgng nhdt, bdi viec bidn
soan phdi dua tren kd thua tai lieu, va trong
phuang phap nay, can chii trgng viec suu
tam, khai thac, ddnh gia, phdn tieh va tdng
hgp tai lieu (nhu cac sach, bai tap cM, tu
lieu luu trii, Man van, Man an cd lien quan).
Hai Id, phuang phap chuydn gia. Phuang
phap nay eho phep khai thac tdi da ngudn
lyc tri tue d trong nude, dya trdn co sd xac
dinh diing chuydn gia d tiJmg ITnh vyc de
xdy dung che do, ke hoach, tbyc hidn hgp
tac trong nghidn cuu, bidn soan cac mue td
lien quan den nMeu kMa eanh khac nhau.

4. Noi dung nghien cihi va bien scan Bach
khoa toan thir am thirc Viet Nam
BKTT vd dm thye phai phan anh nhung vdn
dh CO ban eua dm tbyc Viet Nara, do la: (1)
Co sd va qud trinh cua am thuc (ngudn
lucmg thuc, thye phdm, dd udng, tich trir,
trao ddi, chd bidn, su dung); (2) Dac didm
chung dm thye eua Viet Nam; (3) Dae diem
dm thye cua 8 vung van hda, gdm: Vung
ddng bdng, trung du Bdc Bd; Vung Ddng
Bdc; Vung Tay Bdc; Vung Bdc Trung Bg;
Viing ven bidn Trung va Nara Trung Bg;
Vimg Trudng Son - Tay Nguyen; Vung
Ddng Nam Bd; Vimg Tay Nam Bd; vd hat
nhdn cua cac vung van hda do (nhu dm thye
Ha Ngi, dm thuc Hud, dm thye Sai Gdn);

Khoa hgc xa hdi Viet Nam, so 9 - 2019
(4) Dac diem am thuc cua cac tdc ngudi (co
ban gan vdi vimg van hda); (5) Giao luu vd
hdi nhap vdn hda (vdi dm thuc Trung Qudc,
am thuc An Do, ara thye Phap, dm thuc
My, am thye cdc nudc Ddng Nam A); (6)
Am thye ndng thdn, dm thuc dd thi; (7) Cac
sdc thai van hda khdc (tinh cgng ddng, dang
cdp, Ida tudi, gidi tinh, tdn giao. Id hdi,
kieng ky). Nhiing vdn dd co ban neu trdn
khdng ehi phan anh trong tuong quan cua
tdng sd myc td, md tuy tdng dieu kien, cdn
phan anh trong ndi dung mdi mue tu.
Dd bien soan, edn ngMen cuu, xay dyng
bang danh muc tu loai, ddm bdo yeu cau da
neu. Trudc hdt, nhdm dm thye da tien hanh
xem xet muc tu am thuc d 8 viing van hda
gan vdi tdc ngudi, nhdm xa hgi va tdn giao.
Phuang phdp chinh dd thuc Men la tdng
quan tdi lieu, thdng ke va phuang phap
chuydn gia. Qua do, nhdm da tap hgp dugc
1.140 muc td. Tidp theo, nhdm xay dung
danh myc td theo he thdng chuyen nganh
trdn CO sd khung trinh bay muc tu dm thye
Viet Nam. Khung nay cd vai trd nhu "cay
muc td", nham bao quat cac vdn dd lidn
quan den dm thuc cua Viet Nam, song ciing
loai dugc nhiing tu tning lap giua 8 vung

van hda. Khung muc tu do dugc xac dinh,
vdi cac vi du kera theo nhu sau: (1) Dd an:
gdm ngudn luong thye, tbyc pham; phuong
thuc che bidn (dung nhiet lugng, khdng
dung nhiet lugng va kdt hgp ca hai, dyng cu
chd bien); mdn an (com, chdo, biin, phd,
my, bu tidu, thuc man, thuc ehay, banh,
keo); (2) Dd udng: rugu, bia, trd, nudc vdi,
cafe; (3) Hut va an trdu: thudc lao, thudc la.

84

tbudc phidn, trdu re, trdu vd; (4) Cach thdc
an, udng, hiit va an trdu: td chuc an udng,
khdng gian dn udng, dn udng vdi duong
sinh, tri benh, khdu vi, kieng ky trong an
udng; (5) Am thye vung, midn; Ddng Bdc,
Ddng Nam Bd, Ddng bdng, trung du Bdc
Bd, Hd Ndi, Hud, Midn Bdc, Midn Nam,
Midn Tnmg, Sai Gdn, Tay Bde, Tay Nam
Bg, Tdy Nguydn; (6) Am thye tgc ngudi:
am thuc ciia mdt sd ddn tdc nhu Kinh,
Mudng, Tay, Thai, Nung, Hoa, Cham, E-de,
Hmdng, Kha-me, Kho-mu; (7) Am thye tdn
gido: dm thuc cua mgt sd tdn giao nhu
Cdng giao, Hdi giao, Phdt gido. Tin Ldnh.
Qua thdng kd theo khung ndu trdn, nhom
da xac dinh dugc 552 muc tu. Cudi cung, td
danh muc tu loai theo he thdng chuyen
nganh, nhom da xdy dyng danh muc tu loai

vdi 7 loai Mnh do Ban CM dao Men soan
BKTT hudng dan dd thdng nhdt eho tat cd
cdc nganh khoa hgc. Dd la cdc myc tu: (I)
Nhan danh; (2) Dia danh; (3) He thdng khai
niem, thudt ngti, sy vdt, hien tugng; (4)
Nhdm phai, trao luu, khuynh hudng; (5) Td
chuc, sy kidn; (6) Tdc phdm, van kidn, sach
bao, tap chi; (7) Khai quat ve Uch sd hinh
thanh, phat trien nganh. Do gidi han tdng sd
muc tu dugc giao khdng nhidu, trong danh
muc tu loai theo loai hinh, cac myc tu thudc
ve hut thudc va an trdu khdng cd nua; ddng
thdi uu tien nhiing myc td tich hgp cdc vdn
dd lien quan den dm thye Viet Nam. Chdng
ban, muc td "Cora" cd thd tieh hgp nhidu
loai com vdi trinh bay chung vd each chd
bien, each an, dmh duong, ung xu xd hgi,
bidu tugng van hda, ngM le, tin nguong. Sau


Vuong Xuan Tinh
muc tu "Cam" dugc tich hgp dd, vi ban chd
ve dung lugng, cM trinh bay thdm cac td nhu
"Com te", "Cam nep", "Com lam", "Com
hen" md khdng dd cap den "Com rang", vi
muc tu nay khdng quan trgng va da dugc
nhdc ddn trong muc tu "Com" nhu da neu.
Nhu vdy, qua 3 lan xay dung, tu 1.146
muc tu loai dm thye cua eac vung, nhdm da
lya chgn dugc 552 muc tu loai theo nganh;

va eudi cung, da sang lge, tieh hgp dd xay
dung danh muc tu loai theo 7 loai hinh, vdi
378 muc tu (cd 87 td rdt dai, 65 tu dai, 105
tu trung binh va 121 tu ngan). Cach lara
nhu vdy se han chd viec bd sdt cac muc tu
quan trgng cua dm thye. Cdn vide lua chgn
cac raye td theo loai hinh, phai dam bao 8
nguyen tae sau day : (1) Tinh chinh xac va
thdng nhdt ve tu lieu; (2) Tinh toan dien,
tire thd hien dugc tri thuc co bdn nhat cua
nganh; (3) Tinh cap nhdt (dara bao tiep can
tri thuc mdi nhdt); (4) Tinh hien dai (the
hien tri thuc hien dai, dac biet la he thdng
cdc khai niem, thuat ngu dugc lya chgn
thanh dau muc tu); (5) Tinh chudn mye
(thye Men theo cdu tnie vT md ciia BKTT
ndi chung vd eua nganh am thuc ndi ridng);
(6) Tinh dan tdc (the hidn dac didm, tri tue
cua con ngudi Viet Nam); (7) Tinh qudc te
(he thdng thuat ngii, khai niera, tu ngu sd
dung de trd thanh ddu raye tu phai bao qudt
tri thue cua nhan loai, lien thdng vdi khu
vye va the gidi); (8) Tinh can yeu (dam bao
cac quy dinh ve cau tnic vT md va cau tnic
vi md cua BKTT dm thue Viet Nam vdi sy
cdn tMet, hgp Iy).
Sau day la tdm tat mdt sd ket qud trong
lya chgn muc tu theo 7 loai Mnh: (1) Muc
tu nhdn danh, do dac didm cua am thuc Viet

Nam vdi tinh edng ddng cao nen trudc mdt,
nhdm chua lua chgn rauc tu nao thudc loai
nay; (2) Muc tu dia danh: cd 54 muc td. Vi
du: banh cdy Thai Binh, banh eudn Thanh
Tri (Ha Ngi), budi Didn (Hd Ngi), banh da
Kd (Bac Giang), banh dau xanh Hai Duong,
banh due hen Sa Nam (Nghe An), cam
Vinh (Nghd An), biin bd Hud; (3) Muc tu
he thdng khai mem, thudt ngd, sy vdt hien
tugng: cd 240 raye tu. Vi dy: banh, banh
da, banh khoai, bdnh khuc, banh diic, bdnh
beo, bun, biin rieu, bun de, eanh ca, canh
cua, ca, budi, cara; (4) Mye td nhdm phai,
trao luu, khuynh hudng: ed 54 muc tu. VI
du: an ehay, an udng chua benh, an uong
ngay thudng, an udng ngay tdt Id, an udng
tdm bd, dm thuc Cham, dm thye Hdi giao,
dra thye Hoa, dn kieng, bua ehinh, bira phu,
com thg, cd ba tang, khao, khdu vi mien
Bdc, tide; (5) Mye tu td chuc, su kidn: cd 8
myc td. Vi dy: Hiep hdi van hda dm thuc
Viet Nara, hgi chg am thye, Hgi ddu bdp
Viet Nara, nhd hang, phd/ehg dm thye Ha
Ndi, phd/ehg dm tbyc Hdi An, phd/chg dm
thuc Hud; (6) Muc tu tac phara, van kidn,
sach bao, tap chi: cd 16 rauc tu. Vi du: Am
thuc ddn gian Ha Ndi, Kham pha am thye
truydn thdng Viet Nam, Mdn la midn Nam,
Phong each an Viet Nam, Tap chi Am tbyc.
Tap chi Van hda va nghd thudt an udng,

Tap qudn an udng cua ngudi Viet viing
Kinh Bdc, Thye phd baeh thien, Thuong
nhd mudi hai, Tu dien mdn dn Viet Nam,
Van hda dm tbyc ddn gian xd Nghd; (7)
Myc td khai quat vd lich su hinh thanh, phat
tridn nganh: c6 5 muc td. Vi dy: lich su dra

85


Khoa hgc xa hdi Viet Nam, s6 9 - 2019
thye Ha Ndi, lich su am thuc Hdi An, lich

tridn nganh. Tuy nMen, viec phan anh ddc

su am thye Hud, lich sd am thye Sai Gdn,

didm eua dm thye Viet Nam (tu dac diem

lich sd am thye Viet Nam.

chung ddn dac didm dm thuc cua 8 vimg van
hda), dm thye d eac tdc ngudi, giao luu va hgi
nhap vdn hda, dm thuc ndng thdn, do thi, va

5. Ket luan

eae sac thai vdn hda khdc trong dm thue (tinh
cdng ddng, ddng cdp, Ida tudi, gidi tinh, tdn

Bien soan BKTT dm thye Viet Nam la vide

giao. Id hgi, kieng ky) se duge phan dnh ehu

lam cdn thidt va d nudc ta van cdn mdi me.

yeu d eac myc tu thuge loai hinh 2,3 va 4.

Dd bidn soan thdnh cdng bd BKTT nay,
trudc het, cdn kd thua kinh ngMem cua
nhirng cdng trinh BKTT, nhdt la BKTT vd

Chii thich

dm thye da xudt ban trdn thd gidi. Mat khdc,
edn dya trdn nen tang kdt qua nghien cdu vd
dm thye Viet Nam trong lien he, so sanh
vdi am thye thd gidi.
Tidp can ehu dao cua nghien cuu, bien
soan BKTT am thye Viet Nam la dudi gde
do xa hdi va van hda, vdi su lien nganh eua
nhdn hgc, ddn tdc hgc, van hoa hge, xa hdi
hgc, su hgc. Cdc phuong phap chinh dugc
su dung trong ngMdn cuu la phuang phap
tdng quan va phuong phap chuyen gia. Ndi
dung ciia BKTT am thye Viet Nam cdn
phan anh nhiing dac diem, ban sac, gid tri
cua dm thye Viet Nam qua tu loai vd ngudn
thue dn, mdn an, each ehe bidn, each an,
khdng gian an udng eua cdc vung, tdc

ngudi, tdn giao va nhom xa hdi.
Dd dam bao tinh thdng nhat cua BKTT
Viet Nara, cau tnic muc tu phdn Am thye
ciing theo 7 loai hinh, do la: (1) Nhdn danh;
(2) Dia danh; (3) He thdng khai Mem, thudt
ngu, sy vdt, hien tugng; (4) Nhdm phai,
trao luu, khuynh hudng; (5) Td chuc, su
kidn; (6) Tae phdm, van kidn, sach bao, tap
cM; (7) Khdi quat vd lieh sd Mnh thanh, phat

^ Nhom CO 3 cdn b6 thu6c Vien Hdn Idm Khoa hgc
xd hgi Vi$t Nam: PGS.TS. Vuong Xudn Tinh (Vien
Dan t6c hgc), PGS.TS. Trdn H6ng Hanh (Bdo tang
Dan tgc hgc Vi^t Nam), TS. Nguyen Thi Minh
Nguyet (Vifn Khoa hgc xd hgi viing Nam Bp); vi
TS. Vo Thi Hodi Thuang (Tni6ng Dai hgc Vinh).
Trong qud trinh nghien cuu, bien soan BKTT dm
thuc Vi^t Nam, s£ c6 nhieu cpng tdc vien tham gia.
Ndm 2018, nhom di xay dung bdng danh muc tir va
bien soan mdu mot so tii loai. Day la nen tdng
quan trgng dl ti6p tyc triln khai nhifm vu trong thiri
gian toi.
^ Trong tieng Anh, tiiy tung ngii cinh, tfr "food" c6
thi chuyin ngff sang tilng Viet la "dm thirc", "dn
u6ng", "luong thye", "thye phdm" hay "thijtc dn". Vi
dy, BKTT "Food and Culture", nen dich Id "Am
thuc vd Vdn h6a"; BKTT "Food and Drink in
America", nSn dich Id "Thiic dn va d6 u6ng 6 My";
BKTT "Food Safety", nen dich id "An toin thuc
phdm"; BKTT "Food Microbiography", nen djch la

"Vi khudn thuc pham"; BKTT "Food Sciences and
Nutrition", nSn dich la "Khoa hgc An u6ng vi Dinh
duong". Khi dung "Food" voi nghia "Am thye", co
nghia dd nghiSng sang khia canh vdn hoa/xd hgi ciia
am thye, vol nhung tilp can chii ylu vh nhan hoc


Vucmg Xuan Tinh
(nhdn hgc tap qudn dm thuc - Anthropology of Food
Habits, nhin hgc dinh du&ng
Nutritional
Anthropology, nhdn hgc an ninh luoffig thye Anthropology of Food Security, nhdn hpc vl an toin
thuc pham - Anthropology of Food Safety), vl dan
toe hpc, vin h6a hgc, vdn h6a dan gian, xd hoi hpc,
sit hpc...
* NhQng nguyin tde ndy kl thira tii hudng dan ciia
Ban chu nhiem De an BKTT Vi^t Nam.

[9] Nguyin Lan, Nguyin Hoii (1994), Tic diin
mdn dn Vi4t Nam, Nxb Vdn h6a Thong tin,
HdNgi.
[10] Tuylt Nhung Bu6n Krong (Chu biln) (2009),
Vdn hda dm thuc cua ngudi E-di, Nxb Vdn hoa
DantOc, HiNpi.
[11] Ngo Dilc Thinh (2010), Khdm phd dm thuc
truyin thong Vi4t Nam, Nxb Tre, Tp. H6
Chi Minh.
[12] Vuong Xudn Tinh (2004), Tap qudn dn udng

Tai lieu tham khao

cua ngudi Viet viing Kinh Bac, Nxb Khoa
hgc xd hgi, Hi Ngi.

[1] Nguyin Thi Bdy, Trdn Qu6c Vugng (2010),
Vdn hda dm thuc Vi4t Nam nhin tic ly ludn
vd thuc tien, Nxb Tir dien Bdch khoa,
Hi Npi.

'

[2] Ma Nggc Dung (2007), Vdn hda dm thuc cita
ngudi Tdy a Vi4t Nam, Nxb Khoa hge xd hgi,
Hi Ngi.
[3] Ninh Vilt Giao (Chu bien) (2001), Vdn hda dm
thuc ddn gian xu Nghe, Hgi Vdn nghe dan gian
NghS An, Ngh? An.
[4] Tir Gidy (2001), P/7ongcdc^<3« Vi4tNam,'Nxh
Tir diln Bdch khoa. Hi NOi.
[5] Hodng Thi Hanh (2010), Vdn hda dm thuc ngudi
Thai den Mudng Ld, Nxb Vdn hoa Dan t6e,
HdNgi.
[6] Nguyen Thi H6a (201^), Van hda dm thuc ciia
ngudi Xa Dang tinh Kon Tum, Nxb Khoa hpc
xdh6i, HdNgi.
[7] Vu Ngpc Khanh (2002), Vdn hda dm thuc Vi?!
Nam, Nxb Lao dpng, Hd Ngi.
[8] Mai Khoi (Biln khdo vd sdng tic) (2006), Vdn
hda dm thuc Viit Nam: Cdc mdn dn mien
Trung, Nxb Thanh niin. H i Ngi.

[13] Anbala, Ken (2011), Food Cultures of the
World: Encyclopedia, Greenwood.
[14] Batt, Carl A. and Marry-Lou Tortorello (Ed)
(2014),

Encyclopedia

biography.

Volume

of
1,

Food

Second

Micro
Edition,

Elsevier Press.
[15] Cabarello, Benjamin (Editor in ChieO (2003),
Encyclopedia of Food Sciences and Nutrition,
Academic Press.
[16] Considine, Douglas M. (Editor in Chief)
(1982), Food and Production Encyclopedia,
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company.
[17] Encyclopedia of Food: A Guide to Healthy

Nutrition (2002), Academic Press.
[18]- Katz, Solomon H. (Editor in Chief) (2003),
Encyclopedia of Food and Culture, Volume 1,
Charles Scribner's Sons.
[19] Katz, Solomon H. (Editor in ChieQ (2003),
Encyclopedia of Food and Culture, Volume 2,
Charles Scribner's Sons.
[20] Smith, Andrew F. (Editor in Chief) (2006),
Encyclopedia of Junk Food and Fast Food,
Greenwood Press.

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