Quản lý xây dựng văn hoá nhà trường tại học viện hành chính quốc gia tt tiếng anh

VIETNAM ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES
GRADUATE ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

NGUYEN THI LA

MANAGEMENT OF BUILDING SCHOOL
CULTURE AT NATIONAL ACADEMY OF PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION

SUMMARY OF DOCTORAL DISSERTATION IN EDUCATION
MANAGEMENT

Hanoi – 2019


The dissertation was completed at
GRADUATE ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

Science instructor: Associate Professor Ph.D. Nguyen Thi Mai Lan

Reviewer 1: Associate Professor Ph.D. Dang Quoc Bao
Reviewer 2: Associate Professor Ph.D. Duong Thi Hoang Yen
Reviewer 3: Associate Professor Ph.D. Le Minh Nguyet

The dissertation is protected before the Doctoral Protective Dissertation
Council, held at the Graduate Academy of Social Sciences
At….:….., on…./…./2019

The dissertation can be found at:
National Library
Library of Graduate Academy of Social Sciences.

LIST OF SCIENTIFIC WORKS OF THE AUTHOR
1. Nguyen Thi La (2018), Current situation of relevance of cultural values at
National Academy of Public Administration, Social Psychology magazine No. 042018.
2. Nguyen Thi La (2018), Current situation of school culture management at
National Academy of Public Administration, Social Psychology magazine No.
05-2018.
3. Current situation of building school culture at National Academy of
Public Administration, Social Psychology magazine No. 01 - 2019


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INTRODUCTION
1. Urgency of the topic
The dissertation topic is studied by the following reasons:
Firstly, deriving from roles of the school culture and management of building the school culture
in the sustainable development of the Academy.
The school culture affects all aspects of school activities in general and the Academy in
particular. In the current context, the management of school culture building plays a very important
role because the positive and healthy school culture will help the school's educational goals to be
effective and durable. Participating in the school culture is the responsibility of all members of the
school, including the important role of leaders and managers, they are the subjects of shaping and
developing the school culture, from determining the vision, mission, goals of the school to planning
and implementing, directing, examining, evaluating the process of building the school culture to make
the school management more convenient and effective.
Secondly, deriving from the Party's perspective on building and developing the school culture
and the target of higher education and training in Vietnam in the current period.
The 9th Plenum of the 11th National Assembly issued Resolution No. 33-NQ/TW on the
building and development of Vietnamese culture and people to meet the requirements of sustainable

development of the country, which clearly indicates that about thr education sector, cultural education
is required to create people who both have virtue and talent to serve the country.
The Law on Higher Education 2012 also sets the goal of higher training and education in
Vietnam today is to educate and train people to develop comprehensively and people of science and
technology development period to serve the sustainable development of the country.
Thirdly, deriving from the position and role of the National Academy of Public Administration in
administrative reform in Vietnam today
The National Academy of Public Administration is a special public non-business unit within the
system of higher institutions with the function of training and retraining officials, public servants and
employees on state management, training human resources to serve the administrative reform. In 60
years of construction and development, the National Academy of Public Administration has constantly
risen, overcome many difficulties, challenges and well performed assigned tasks. The institute is the
leading unit, a driving force for the development of training and retraining of public officials and
employees for the public sector.
According to the Decision No. 163/QD-TTg dated January 25, 2016 of the Prime Minister
approving the project of training cadres, civil servants and civil servants in the period of 2016-2025,
orienting to build the National Academy of Public Administration to become a training and fostering
center for leaders and managers at regional level. This is a great mission of the Academy. In order for
that mission to be realized, the Academy leaders need to clearly define their vision, goals and solutions
to develop the Academy in general; to manage school culture building at the Academy in particular and
to affirm its role and position in the system of high institution as well as in the state administrative
reform process in our country today.
There have been a number of researches at home and abroad in terms of different aspects in the
study of school culture in general and university culture in particular. However, research on the
management of school culture building at the National Academy of Public Administration has not been
mentioned. Because of the above explanations, the dissertation focuses on "Management of building
school culture at National Academy of Public Administration" with the desire to find solutions to
improve the management of school culture building at the National Academy of Public Administration
aims to contribute to the training and maintenance of a contingent of qualified public officials and
employees in service of the requirements of administrative reform and innovation in education and

training management in Vietnam today.
2. Research purposes and tasks of the dissertation
2.1. Research purposes
On the basis of theoretical research and assessment of the status of school culture building and
management of the school cultural building, the Academy proposed a number of solutions to manage


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the school culture building at the National Academy of Public Administration, contributing to
improving the effectiveness of school culture building management at the National Academy of Public
Administration in the current period.
2.2. Research tasks
- Overview of research on school culture building and management of school culture building.
- Building of theoretical basis for management of building school culture at higher institutions.
- Survey, analysis, assessment of the status of management of building school culture at the
National Academy of Public Administration and factors affecting this activity.
- Proposal of some solutions to improve the management of building school culture at the
National Academy of Public Administration.
- Testing of solutions for managing the school culture building at the National Academy of
Public Administration and experimentation of a number of solutions at a unit of the Academy to clarify
the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed solution.
3. Research object and scope of the dissertation
3.1. Research subject: Management of school culture building at the National Academy of
Public Administration.
3.2. Research scope
3.2.1. Limitation of scope of research contents
The dissertation focuses on researching and managing the school culture at the National
Academy of Public Administration according to the organizational culture approach and access to
management functions.
3.2.2. Limitation of research area

The dissertation investigates the actual situation of management of school culture building at:
the National Academy of Public Administration; Sub-academy of the Academy in Ho Chi Minh City;
Sub-academy of the Academy in Hue; Sub-academy of the Academy in the Central Highlands.
3.2.3 Limitation of the object of investigation and survey of the dissertation
The total number of objects participating in the practical survey of the dissertation is 523
people, including: Education managers; lecturers; students of the National Academy of Public
Administration in Hanoi; Sub-academy of the Academy in Ho Chi Minh City; Sub-academy of the
Academy in Hue; Sub-academy of the Academy in the Central Highlands.
3.2.4 Limitation of subjects of management
There are many subjects participating in the management of school culture building at the
National Academy of Public Administration such as: Directors, Deputy Directors, leaders of subacademies, faculties, departments and unions, functional units in the system of the National Academy
of Administration. However, in this research, the main subject is the Director of the Academy and other
subjects are coordinating subjects.
3.2.5. Limitation of scope of time: From 2014 -2018 (The period that the Academy transformed
from a unit under the Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics to a unit under the Ministry of Home
Affairs).
3.2.6. Experimental organization: The experimental organization of the solution is only carried
out in one unit of the Academy, the Faculty of Text and Administrative Technology.
4. Methodology, research methods
4.1. Methodology
The dissertation is studied based on the following approaches:
- Approaching organizational culture: The school culture of the National Academy of Public
Administration is a form of organizational culture. Therefore it bears the characteristic of
organizational culture. Elements of school culture of the Academy is also structured as an
organizational culture, including values that create material culture and spiritual culture.
- Approaching management functions: The management of school cultural building by the
management subject is carried out through the basic functions of management.
In addition, the dissertation is also approached in terms of systems, interdisciplinary views and
access to practical research.

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4.2. Research methods
Methods of studying texts and documents; Investigation method by questionnaire; Observation
method; In-depth interview method; Test Method; Methods of processing data by mathematical statistics.
4.3. Research question
The implementation of this dissertation is to answer the following research questions:
1) What is the research of management of school culture buidling accessible from scientific
perspectives? What is the rationale for managing the school culture building?
2) What is the current status of management of school culture building at the National Academy
of Public Administration? Does it have advantages and shortcomings? What are factors affect the
management of school culture building at the National Academy of Public Administration?
3) What solutions should be taken to improve the effectiveness of management of school culture
building at the National Academy of Public Administration?
4.4. Research hypodissertation
In universities and institutes in Vietnam today, the management of school culture building has
not been highly effective. If applying the functional management method to manage the school culture
building at National Academy of Public Administration through proposing a system of solutions to
ensure synchronization, practicality and feasibility, it will maintain and develop the academy's culture
of stability and sustainable development.
5. New contribution to the science of the dissertation
The dissertation builds a theoretical framework to research and manage the construction of
school culture of higher institutions. Including the system of conceptual tools such as: Culture;
Organizational culture; School culture; School culture at universities; School culture at academy;
School culture building at academies; Management; Management of school culture building at
academies. The dissertation deeply analyzes the theoretical issues and characteristics of the school
culture at academies, building of the school culture at academies and especially based on a coordinated
approach to organizational culture and management functions that form the theoretical framework for
managing the school culture building and factors affecting the management of school culture building.
The dissertation also described quite clearly the general picture of the state of school culture at

the National Academy of Public Administration with specific characteristics of the National Academy
of Public Administration, where training and retraining of State officials and employees; Current
situation of the level and results of building and managing the school culture building at the National
Academy of Public Administration. Evaluating and indicating the status of the influence of subjective
and objective factors on managing this activity.
Based on the results of theoretical and practical research, the dissertation proposes 6
management solutions to build school culture at the National Academy of Public Administration. The
proposed solutions when conducting the assay were assessed as necessary and feasible at a high level.
The proposed solutions can be applied to the management of school culture building at the National
Academy of Public Administration in the current period, contributing to the development of the
National Academy of Public Administration to become the academy for training and retraining of high
quality human resources for administrative science and state management of the country.
6. The theoretical and practical significance of the dissertation
6.1. In theory
Research results of the dissertation will contribute to supplement some basic theoretical issues
on management of school culture building at higher institutions and are scientific bases to be able to
conduct further research in the field of educational management in Vietnam today.
6.2. Practical significance
The dissertation will be a reference to help leaders manage the school culture building at higher
institutions, especially the National Academy of Public Administration, where training and retraining
of administrative cadres, civil servants and officials. This is also a useful reference for studying,
teaching and learning about the school culture at higher institution.


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7. Structure of the dissertation
In addition to the introduction, conclusion, recommendations, list of documents, appendices, the
dissertation consists of 4 chapters.
Chapter 1. Overview of management of school culture building at higher institutions.
Chapter 2. Argumentative basis on the management of school culture building at higher

institutions
Chapter 3. research results of school culture building management current situation at the
National Academy of Public Administration
Chapter 4. Solutions of completing the management of building school cuture in National
Academy of Public Administration
Chapter 1
OVERVIEW OF MANAGEMENT OF SCHOOL CULTURE
BUILDING AT HIGHER INSTITUTIONS
Research projects at home and abroad on management of school culture building can be divided
into the following main directions:
- Studies on school culture of higher institutions.
- Studies on school culture building of higher institutions.
- Studies on management of school culture building of higher institutions.
Through the analysis of the above studies, some comments can be drawn as follows:
Overview of research situation in the world and in Vietnam shows that: School culture issue,
school culture building and management of school culture building in general have been interested by
many researchers. Up to now, there have been a number of studies of different authors on this issue.
This demonstrates the urgency, topicality, theoretical meaning and practical significance of the research
problem. The research focuses on research on the school culture and school culture building and school
culture development studied by the authors in the world. In particular, in-depth study of concepts,
structures, roles, manifestations, steps of construction and measures to build school culture, factors
affecting school culture in general and school culture at universities in particular.
Studies in Vietnam mainly focus on three approaches: (1). Studying the school culture from an
organizational perspective; (2) Studying the school culture at universities from the perspective of
psychological education; (3). Studying the school culture at universities from modern management
theory (building assessment tools).
The studies focusing on the management of school culture building at higher institutions are not
very much; some domestic and foreign authors have studied the school culture at universities in
general; however, for academics, the school culture is mainly integrated when researching on office
culture, public culture, Party culture. The research results of the authors on the above research

directions are very important in both theoretical and practical aspects. In terms of theory, the above
studies have contributed to clarifying some theoretical issues about the management of school culture
building at higher institutions (concepts, management contents, factors affecting management of school
culture building at universities in general), research approaches to management of school culture
building at higher institutions
Although there have been a number of research projects on management of school culture
building, the researches which are in-depth and systematic about this issue at higher institutions,
especially for an administrative academy with the function of training and retraining public officials,
civil servants and public employees such as the National Academy of Public Administration in
Vietnam, is very little. Especially the research on concepts, characteristics, contents, functions to
manage the school culture building, the situation and the factors affecting the management of school
culture building as well as solutions management of school culture building at the National Academy
of Public Administration is still an open issue. Therefore, it is necessary to study the management of
school culture building at the National Academy of Public Administration.


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Chapter 2
ARGUMENTATIVE BASIS ON THE MANAGEMENT OF SCHOOL CULTURE BUILDING
AT HIGHER INSTITUTIONS
2.1. Arguments about school culture

2.1.1. Related basic
concepts - Culture:
Culture is determined in this research as follows: Culture is all material and spiritual values
created by human and transmitted through generations, ruling thoughts, attitudes and actions of
individuals in the community.
- Organizational culture:
Organizational culture is presentd as follows: Organizational culture is all the material and
spiritual values created by members in the organization during the organization establishment and

development process and transmitted through generations in order to maintain and promote the
organization.
- School culture:
The dissertation gives a conception that: School culture is the system of edagogically material
and spiritual values created by members of the school organization for the purpose of education and
training in the school.
- School culture at universities:
In this dissertation, the school culture of universities is presented as follows: School culture at
universities is the system of material and spiritual values built by the school managers, lecturers,
students and serving staffs for the purpose of serving the higher education of the university.
- School culture at academies:
School culture at academies is the system of material and spiritual values built by managers,
lecturers, students for the purpose of serving the education of a higher institution in general and
serving the research and improvement upon managers in particular to meet civil service requirements.
2.1.2. Characteristics of the school culture at academies
Firsly, the school culture of academies has characteristics of the highly complex organizational culture.

Secondly, the school culture of academies shows standards in culture values of governing bodies.
Thirdly, the school culture of academies attaches to operational theories and practices that
academy is in charge of.
2.1.3.Constituents of school culture at academies
Approaching opinions of Edgar H. Schein (2004), Le Hien Duong (2009) we determine
constituents of school culture at academies include material and spiritual factors.
a. Material cultural values of academies, includes: logo, sign, slogan, landscape, symbol,
signboard, instruction diagram, images of the building architecture, space, means of transportation,
equipment.
b. Spiritual cultural values of academies, include: mission, vision, working motto, working
process, procedures, faith and hope of members, core values, leadership, management, communication,
behavior culture.
2.2. Arguments of school culture building at academies

2.2.1. Related basic concepts
- School culture building:
On the theoretical basis of Edgar H. Schein (2004); Kashner (1990); Peter Smith (2005); Pham
Quang Huan (2007); Nguyen Thi Minh Nguyet (2014); Le Thi Oanh (2018), the dissertation author
determines the concept of school culture building as follows: School culture building is the positive
impacting process of leaders, managers and members in the school to adjust and built new material,
spiritual values for those no longer appropriate, promote appropriate and good material and spiritual
values of the school in order to improve the education and training quality.
- School culture building at academies


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Because academy is also a form of school in the university system, on the basis of research on
school culture buidling at universities, combining with researches on academy specific characteristics,
we consider that: School culture building at academies is the positive impacting process of leaders,
managers and members of the academy to adjust inappropriate material and spiritual values and
maintain, promote appropriate and good material and spiritual values of the academy in order to
improve the education, training, fostering and scientific research quality of the academy. Note-worthy
points here are:
Firsly, school culture building at academies is the processs of adjustments for material and
spiritual values inappropriate to the education improvement, training and fostering quality of
academies.
Secondly, school culture building at academies is the process of maintaining, promoting material
and spiritual values appropriate and good to the education improvement, training and fostering quality
of academies.
2.2.2. Contents of school culture building at academies
Contents of school culture building at academies must be directed to constituents of academy
material and spiritual values. The details are as follows:
a. For material cultural values at academies: Adjusting, removing inappropriate material values
and maintaining, promoting values appropriate to the improvement of education, training and fostering

quality of academies.
b. For spiritual cultural values at academies:Adjusting, removing inappropriate spiritual values
and maintaining, promoting spiritual values appropriate to the improvement of education, training and
fostering quality of academies.
2.2.3. Steps of school culture building at academies
On the basis of 11 steps of building the organizational culture by Julie Heifetz & Richard
Hagberg, steps of school culture building at academies are presented as follows:
Firstly, researching the environment and influencing factor to plan an academy development
strategy appropriate to the future.
Secondly, determining core values as the foundation for the success of academy model of each
member unit.
Thirdly, building the vision – an ideal picture in the future – goals to reach.
Fourthly, assessing the current culture and determining cultural factors that need changes.
Fifthly, focusing on research, proposal of solutions and the way to narrow the gap among
current cultural values and the future planed ones.
Sixthly, determining roles of the academy leadership in guiding for changes and promoting the
organizational cultures at academies.
Seventhly, drafting a specific and detailed plan or action plan for each member unit and
subordinate units, which is appropriate to time conditions and other resources to enable the
implementation of that plan.
Eighthly, popularizing the change demands, the vista of the future for the whole cadres, lecturers
and students as well as serving employees to share together.
Ninthly, having specific solutions to assist units to be aware clearly of specific obstacles,
difficulties of changes; from that point, encouraging individuals to bravely quit the old bad habits and
accept the hardness to have more positive changes.
Tenthly, institutionalizing, modeling and consolidating, continually improving the cultural
change in member units and subordinate units;
Eleventhly, regularly assessing the organizational culture at academies and establishing new
standards and new values bringing characteristics of the era.
2.3. Arguments on the management of school culture building at academies

2.3.1. Management and management functions
2.3.1.1. Management concept:


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This research determines the management concept as follows: Management is the purposeful
impacts of managers on the managed object through management functions, management contents and
management methods to implement the predetermined goals.
2.3.1.2. Management function
Also based on theories of above mentioned authors, we determine the management functions in a cycle
including:
- Planning;
- Performance organization;
- Direction, cooperation for the performance;
- Inspection and assessment.
2.3.2. Management of school culture building at academies
2.3.2.1. The concept of management of school culture building at academies
From the analysis of concepts built above such as culture, school culture, school culture
building at higher institutions, the dissertation builds a concept of the management of school culture
building at academies as follows: The management of school culture building at academies is
purposeful impacts of academy leaders, managers through functions such as planning; performance
organization; direction, cooperation and inspection, assessment on the school culture building to
adjust inappropriate material and spiritual values; maintaining and promoting material and spiritual
values appropriate and good to the training, fostering and researching activities of academies.
2.3.2.2. Contents of management of school culture building at academies
Based on the approach to organizational culture and management functions, the disseration
deternubes contents off school culture building at academies as follows:
a) Planning the school culture building at academies
- Planning the material value building at academies: is presented throught removing or adjusting
material values inappropriate to the current academy culture; Building new material values and

promoting material values appropriate to the school culture at academy. Those material values are:
Logo, sign, slogan, landscape, symbol, signboard, instruction diagram, images of the building
architecture, space, means of transportation, equipment serving for training and scientific research.
- Planning the spiritual value building at academies: is presented throught removing or adjusting
spiritual material values inappropriate to the current academy culture; Building new spiritual values
and promoting spiritual values appropriate to the school culture at academy. Those spiritual values are:
mission, vision, working motto, working process, procedures, faith and hope of members, core values,
leadership, management, communication, behavior culture leaders, lectures and students.
b) Organization of the school culture building at academies
Based on the school culture building plans, the academy leaders effectively organize plans to
build school culture according to the predetermined goals. Whether the plans are put into practice or
not; whether the plans are implemented effectively or not depends on the plan organization and
implementation.
The performance organization of school culture building at academies focuses on removing or
adjusting material and spiritual values inappropriate to current academy culture; Building new values
and promoting of material and spiritual values appropriate to the school culture at academies.
The performance organization of the school culture building at academies needs to clearly
define the role and position of leaders and managers; role and position of the person in charge of
performing; role and position of the coordinator for the performance.
The content of performance organization of management of the school culture building at
academies is mainly performed on some following activities:
Announcing the plan to individuals, organization performing the school culture building. Assigning
specific tasks of school units, departments and individuals who participating in the school culture building.
Establishing coordination mechanism among units participating the school culture buiding. Organizing the
fostering and professional training for school culture building for units and individuals in academies.
Leading, directing to solve situations arising in the process of performance, etc
c) Direction for the performance of school culture building at academies


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The management of school culture building has a great influence on leaders of all levels of
academies. The stature, influence and skills of leaders will contribute to the success right from the
planning of the school culture building to the stage of organizing, examining, evaluating and summing
up preliminarily , summarizing and settling complaints and denunciations. However, the most direct
influence is still focused on the leadership and direction of solving situations arising in the process of
performing the school culture building plans.
The direction of performing academy culture building focuses on removing or adjusting
material and spiritual values inappropriate with current academy culture; Building new values and
promoting material and spiritual values appropriate to the school culture at academies.
The system of academy leadership levels from the Director Board and equivalent bodies to
leaders of departments, divisions and units need to have a focused, unified leadership for common
benefits and for the cause of academy culture building.
For each arising situation, leader are required to have the qualifications, enthusiasm and
appropriate skills; ensure to lead closely, timely direct to solve effectively.
The direction of school culture building is expressed by the process of controlling the
enforcement, adjusting activities, encouraging, motivating and especially making decisions about
school culture at academies of academy leaders and managers.
The content of controlling and directing the school culture building is specifically defined in the
following aspects: Determining the orientation goals and activities of school culture building. Make
decisions on school culture building. Encourage and motivating cadres, lecturers and students to participate
in school culture building. Organizing appropriate forms of activities to build school culture. Organizing
the performance of school culture building contents. Encouraging members to perform school culture
building contents. Adjusting plans for the performance of school culture building.
d) Inspection and assessment of culture building results at academies
Not inspecting and assessing are considered as not managing. Therefore, in the management of
school culture building, the stage of inspection and assessment is determined to be an important stage
to ensure the sustainable cultural development of academies. Inspection and assessment results will be
a premise for the proper and close leadership and direction of leaders in the school culture building; is
the basis for planning, making school culture building plans and is a legal basis for resolving
complaints and denunciations arising in the process of building school culture of competent authorities.

Performing the inspection and assessment well will contribute to the effectiveness in the management
of the school culture at academies.
The inspection and assessment process is determined at the final stage of the process of
performing each content of the school culture building at academies.
The inspection and assessment of the school culture building at academies focuses on the
inspection and assessment of removing or adjusting physical and spiritual values inappropriate to
current culture at academies; Building new values and promoting material and spiritual values
appropriate to the school culture at academies.
The inspection and assessment of the performance of school culture building should be carried
out in a scientific, accurate, timely and effective manner. The inspection and assessment of school
culture building results are shown specifically as follows: Determining assessment criteria for the
school culture building. Inspecting the performance of school culture building contents. Checking the
coordination among faculties, departments, units and divisions in building the school culture. Detecting
mistakes and promptly adjusting the school cultural building plan.
2.3. Factors affecting the management of school culture building at academies
2.3.1. Objective factors include: Institutions, mechanisms and policies; facilities, market economy;
factors of intellectual economy, the impact inclination of the industrial revolution 4.0.
2.3.2. Subjective factors include: Factors of leaders, managers, cadres, lecturers and students.


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Chapter 3
RESEARCH RESULTS OF SCHOOL CULTURE BUILDING MANAGEMENT
CURRENT SITUATION AT THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
3.1. The research site and the current situation research object
3.1.1. The research site
In this dissertation, we focus on researching the current situation of management of school
culture building at the National Academy of Public Administration. Specifically: Central Academy in
Hanoi; Sub-Academy in Ho Chi Minh City; Sub-Academy in Hue; Sub-Academy in the Central
Highland.

3.1.2. Research object
The total number of research objects participating in the dissertation survey process includes:
553 people. Specifically as follows:
1) Objects are officials and lecturers who are 168 managers and lecturers working at departments
and faculties throughout the Academy (Central Academy in Hanoi and Central Sub-Academy in Hue
and Central Highland Sub-Academy in Buon Me Thuot and Ho Chi Minh Sub-Academy and Central
Highland Sub-Academy in Hue). These objects are collectively referred to as (officials, lecturers).
2) Objects are trainees and students of 355 people throughout the Academy.
3) The number of cognitive interview objects is 32 people. Specifically as follows: 4 officials are
leaders of the Central Academy in Hanoi and the 3 above mentioned sub-academies; 6 managers of
faculties and departments; 10 lecturers and 5 trainees, 5 students.
3.2. Organization and method of researching the current situation of management of school
culture building at the National Academy of Public Administration
3.2.1. The current situation research organization
3.2.1.1. Design period of research tool
During this period, we developed a set of research tools including: control chart by
questionnaires; cognitive interview outline for officials; lecturers; trainees and students. Period of
implementation is from February 2016 to August 2016. Specifically as follows:
- Designing 02 control charts with questionnaires: In particular, the note no.1 for officials and
lecturers; the note no. 2 for trainees and students to study the current situation of school culture at the
National Academy of Public Administration; to build school culture at the National Academy of Public
Administration; to manage school culture building at National Academy of Public Administration;
Factors affecting school culture building management at the National Academy of Public
Administration.
- Designing 02 cognitive interview outlines: for officials and lecturers; and for trainees and
students to learn more about the current situation of school culture at the National Academy of Public
Administration; Building school culture at the National Academy of Public Administration; Managing
school culture building at National Academy of Public Administration; Factors affecting the
management of school culture building at the National Academy of Public Administration and
information about managers, lecturers and trainees, students.

3.2.1.2. Trial survey period
- Purpose: Determining the relevance and reliability of the questionnaire so that unsatisfactory
questions can be edited.
- Time of implementation: April, 2017
3.2.1.3. Method of implementation
In order to trial investigate, we used a personal questionnaire that was formed at the above period
with the mathematical statistical method to calculate the reliability of the scale
3.2.1.4. Data processing method
After the questionnaires are gathered, the results are processed by the SPSS program in the
Window environment, version 20.0. At this period, the dissertation only pays attention to the reliability
of the questionnaire.
3.2.1.5. Official investigation period


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1) Purpose: Conducting surveys to find out about the evaluation of the officials and lecturers
about the school culture at the Academy; on building school culture at the Academy; on the
management of building school culture at the Academy; on the factors affecting the management of
building school culture at the Academy.
2) Time of implementation: From June 2017 to September 2017
3) Research tool: During this period, using control chart by questionnaires which were completed
and revised after the trial survey and the cognitive interview outlines
3.2.2. Phương pháp nghiên cứu thực trạng
3.2.2.1. Phương pháp điều tra bằng bảng hỏi
This method is used to collect the majority of data in practical research of the dissertation
theme. Establishing 2 questionnaires as follows:
- Note no.1: for officials and lecturers of Academy.
This note is aimed at collecting data to evaluate the current situation of the physical and spiritual
cultural values of the Academy. The survey note includes a scale and personal information of the
respondent. The scale consists of 4 parts corresponding to 20 questions for 5 main contents. (1) School

culture at the National Academy of Public Administration; (2) Building school culture at the National
Academy of Public Administration; (3) Managing school culture building at National Academy of
Public Administration; (4) Factors affecting the management of school cultural building at the National
Academy of Public Administration and (5) Information about the officials and lecturers.
- School culture scale and school culture building at the National Academy of Public
Administration. In this scale, the questions evaluates the level of suitability, level of response, the level
of performance of school cultural values at the National Academy of Public Administration: This scale
consists of 18 questions, designed corresponding to 5 levels from "very appropriate" to "very
inappropriate"; from "very responsive" to "very unresponsive"; from "very often" to "not very often".
The lowest score is 1, the highest score is 5. The higher the score, the higher the level of suitability,
response and performance level.
-Scale management of school culture building at the National Academy of Public Administration.
This scale consists of 4 questions, evaluating the effectiveness of the school culture building
management at the National Academy of Public Administration. This scale is designed to correspond to
5 levels from "poor" to "very good". The higher the score, the higher the efficiency level.
- Scale of factors affecting school building management at the National Academy of Public
Administration. This scale with 16 items designed to correspond to 5 levels from "does not affect
much" to "very influenced". The higher the score, the higher the level of influence.
- Note no.2: for trainees and students
This note is aimed at collecting data on (1) School culture at the National Academy of Public
Administration; (2) Building school culture at the National Academy of Public Administration; (3)
Factors affecting school culture building management at the National Academy of Public
Administration and (4) Information about trainees and students.
- School culture scale and school culture building at the National Academy of Public
Administration. In this scale, the questions evaluates the level of suitability, level of response, the level
of performance of school cultural values at the National Academy of Public Administration: This scale
consists of 18 questions, designed corresponding to 5 levels from "very appropriate" to "very
inappropriate"; from "very responsive" to "very unresponsive"; from "very often" to "not very often".
The lowest score is 1, the highest score is 5. The higher the score, the higher the level of suitability,
response and performance level.

- Scale of factors affecting school building management at the National Academy of Public
Administration. This scale with 16 items designed to correspond to 5 levels from "does not affect
much" to "very influenced". The higher the score, the higher the level of influence.
3.2.2.2. Personal cognitive interview method
- Purpose: This method is used to collect more in-depth information to evaluate the current
situation of school culture at the National Academy of Public Administration; Building school culture
at the National Academy of Public Administration; Managing school culture building at National


11
Academy of Public Administration; Factors affecting school culture building management at the
National Academy of Public Administration.
- Purpose: The content of the interview includes personal information, the current situation of the
school culture at the National Academy of Public Administration; Building school culture at the
National Academy of Public Administration; Managing school culture building at National Academy of
Public Administration; Factors affecting school building management at the National Academy of
Public Administration. Explaining the causes of the current situation and specific recommendations on
management measures of school building construction at the National Academy of Public
Administration.
- Research tool: Outline of cognitive personal interviews
- How to evaluate: The information obtained will be processed by qualitative method.
3.2.2.3. Methods of processing data by mathematical statistics
- Purpose: Formation and system of result tables as a basis for data analysis.
- Qualitative analysis method:
+ Processing cognitive interview results: The results of cognitive interviews with lecturers and
educational managers, students are handled according to the specific cultural content of the school at the
National Academy of Public Administration; Building school culture at the National Academy of Public
Administration; Managing school culture building at National Academy of Public Administration; Factors
affecting school culture building management at the National Academy of Public Administration.
- Quantitative analysis methods

Data collected after the official survey is processed by the SPSS statistics program used in the
Window environment, version 20.0. The parameters and statistical operations used in this research
include: The current situation descriptive data is analyzed by Statistical operations describing the
average score, standard deviation, frequency.
3.3. Current situation of school culture expression at the National Academy of Public
Administration
3.3.1. Current situation of material values of school culture at the Academy
Table 3.1: Evaluation of officials, lecturers and trainees, students on the relevance of school
material and cultural values
Officials, lecturers
Trainees, students
Material values
GPA
SD
GPA
SD
1. Logo
2. Sign
3. Slogan
4. Scenery
5. Symbol
6. Signboard
7. Indicator diagram
8. Image of building architecture
9. Space
10. Facilities and equipment
Average

3,91
3,46

3,46
3,12
3,46
3,39
3,31
2,95
3,34
3,35
3,37

0,61
0,70
0,70
0,88
0,50
0,49
0,81
0,58
0,59
0,54
0,64

3,60
3,47
4,01
3,64
3,91
3,75
3,73
2,96

3,16
3,35
3,25

1,08
1,22
0,95
0,99
0,75
0,82
0,82
0,87
0,94
0,54
0,89

The results in Table 3.1 show that both groups of the surveyed objects evaluated the material
values of the school culture at the Academy at the level 3 of "average", (GPA of the group of officials
& lecturers = 3.37; SD= 0.64; GPA of the group of trainees and students = 32.5; 0.89). The results of
this study confirm that the material cultural values of the Academy are basically acceptable.
Considering the 10 material values of the school culture at the Academy show that both groups
of objects highly appreciate “Logo; Signboards; Slogan” values; the Symbol is evaluated to be more
approciate than the remaining material values.


12
However, besides that, there are still opinions of officials and lecturers who do not high
appreciate the material values of the school culture at the Academy such as: computer practice room;
work room; sports ground, elevator, traditional room, library ... This result show inadequacies,
limitations on the landscape and working environment of officials and lecturers, which are not really

suitable toactual demand about the aesthetic criteria as well as meeting the working & entertainment
demands of the Academy's official, lecturers & trainees, students.
3.3.2. Current situation of spiritual values of school culture at the Academy
Table 3.2: Evaluation of officials,lecturers and trainees,students on the relevance of the spiritual
values of the school culture

Officials,
lecturers

Spiritual values
1. Mission, vision
2. Motto of work
3. Work process and procedures
4. Rites and rituals
5. Belief and expectation of members
6. The core values
7. Leadership and management culture
8. Communication, behavior
Average

Trainees, students

GPA

SD

GPA

SD

3,40
3,40
3,18
3,05
2,94
2,85
3,13
3,66
3,20

0,90
0,90
0,96
1,04
0,87
0,92
0,86
0,47
0,86

4,05
4,14
3,88
3,76
3,74
3,80
3,89
3,86
3,89

0,78
0,79
0,87
0,90
0,83
0,83
0,75
0,78
0,81

The results in Table 3.2 show that the spritual values of the school culture at the Academy are
also assessed at the "average" level (GPA of officials and lecturers groups = 3.20; SD= 0.86; GPA of
trainees, students group= 3.89; SD= 0.81). The results of this study confirm that the values of the
school culture spiritual values at the Academy are also basically appropriate.
However, the concern is the factor: work process & procedures, Core values, belief and
expectation of members of the Academy have not been appreciated as other values. These are also the
reasons for that the index "belief and expectation of the members of the Academy have not been highly
appreciated by the research objects. This is an issue that should be considered when developing
solutions to manage school culture at the National Academy of Public Administration.
Regarding the Academy's current "The Core Values", the results show that most of the research
objects agreed that the determination of the current core values of the Academy is basically
appropriate. However, through cognitive interviews and opinions of the Academy Leaders, they said
that it is necessary to adjust the core values to suit the new situation.
3.3.3. Overall evaluation of the current situation of school culture expression at the Academy
Overall evaluation of the current situation of school culture expression at the Academy shows
that the current cultural and spiritual culture values of the Academy are now basically at a “relatively
appropriate” and “appropriate” level. While the mission and vision of the Academy is now the largest
center for training cadres, civil servants and officials of the whole country and reaching the regional
level, it is clear that the level of expression of school culture as the above reality is not meeting the
development requirements.

3.4. Current situation of school culture building at National Academy of Public Administration
3.4.1. Current situation of material cultural values building at the Academy
Table 3.3: Evaluation of officials, lecturers and trainees, students on the current situation of
building material cultural values at the Academy
Material values

1. Logo

Modifying,
building new
inappropriate
material values

Promoting appropriate
material values

GPA

SD

GPA

SD

2,60

1,09

3,32

1,27


13
2,83
1,02
3,05
1,38
2. Sign
3,04
0,68
2,96
1,39
3. Slogan
2,94
1,01
3,33
1,13
4. Scenery
2,61
0,97
2,88
1,28
5. Symbol
3,12
0,75
3,05
1,33
6. Signboard
2,59

1,00
3,10
1,20
7. Instruction diagram
3,01
0,70
3,32
1,27
8. Image of building architecture
2,62
1,35
3,05
1,38
9. Space
2,52
1,18
2,96
1,39
10. Facilities and equipment
2,78
0,97
3,10
1,30
Average
Researching the above survey results shows that the revision and new building of inappropriate
material values of the Academy have been conducted but the effectiveness is not high. (GPA = 2.78;
SD= 0.97). Research results show that, among the studied material values: Signboard (GPA = 3.12;
SD= 0.75); slogan (GPA = 3.04; SD= 0.68); the image of building architecture (3.01; SD= 0.70) are the
material values that are valued higher than other factors in the 10 studied material values. However,
there are some material cultural values that have not been revised and built such as: Facilities and

equipment; Instruction diagram; Symbol; Logo ... (GPA of these material values ranges from 2.52 to
2.60). It is clear that although the value of the material culture of the Academy have been revised and
built, they have not met the required practical requirements of the Academy.
Considering the evaluation of the research objects on the current situation of promoting
appropriate material values was performed quite well by the Academy (GPA = 3.10; SD = 1.30). Thus,
compared to the new revision and construction, the Academy has implemented the promotion of better
approciate material values.
3.4.2. Current situation of building spiritual cultural values at the National Academy of Public
Administration
Table 3.4: Evaluation of officials, lecturers and trainees, students on the current situation of
building spiritual cultural values at the Academy

Spiritual values

1. Mission, vision
2. Motto of work
3. Work process and procedures
4. Rites and rituals
5. Belief and expectations of members
6. The core values
7. Leadership and management culture
8. Communication, behavior
Average

Modifying,
building new
inappropriate
spiritual values

Promoting

appropriate
spiritual values

GPA

SD

GPA

SD

3,07
3,03
3,03
3,24
2,90
2,97
3,21
2,89
3,04

0,85
0,97
1,03
0,78
0,98
0,97
0,80
1,19
0,95

3,70
3,48
3,42
3,34
3,59
3,72
3,64
3,75
3,58

0,99
1,08
1,06
1,14
1,01
0,93
0,85
0,85
0,98

Through summarizing the survey results, most of the research objects believe that the National
Academy of Public Administration has made efforts to edit and build new spiritual values including:
mission, vision, work process & proceduces, rites, rituals, core values ... the revision and construction
of these spiritual values are evaluated to be appropriate with the common objectives of the Academy in
the current period (GPA = 3.04; SD = 0.95).
In the 8 studied spiritual values, the surveyed objects appreciated the editing and building new
values such as: Leadership and management culture; Rites and rituals; Mission, vision (GPA from 3.07
to 3.24). However, the research results also show that the spiritual value of "Belief and expectation of
members" has the lowest GPA compared to the 8 studied values (GPA = 2.90; SD - 0.98). Thus, it can

14
be said that the timely revision and newly building of spiritual values to be more suitable to the
development of the Academy in the new period is highly appreciated, but the belief and expectation
issues of officials, lecturers and trainees, students for the Academy is not high, but building trust for
officials, lecturers, trainees and students is an extremely important task for the development of the
Academy. This is an issue that needs to be built in the future.
3.5. Current situation of management of school culture building at the National Academy of
Public Administration
3.5.1. Current situation of planning school culture building at the Academy
Table 3.5: Level of implementing planning for school culture building

Currency: %

Rate %
Poor Relativ Averag Good
ely
e
poor

Planning activities

Very
good

GPA

SD

Analyzing and assessing the current
situation of school culture building
21,7
32,6
31,4
14,3
0
2,382
0,980
activities at the Academy
Determining the goal of school 21,7
21,7
42,3
14,3
0
2,491
0,987
culture building at the Academy
Determining the contents to be
included in the school culture
21,7
21,7
42,3
14,3
0
2,491
0,987
building at the Academy
Identifying specific activities to be
conducted to build school culture at

21,7
21,7
41,1
15,4
0
2,502
0,999
the Academy
Identifying the specific resources
needed to build the school culture at 21,7
21,7
42,3
14,3
0
2,491
0,987
the Academy
Determining measures to build school 21,7
21,7
42,3
14,3
0
2,491
0,987
culture at the Academy
Average
2,462
0,948
The survey results show that the activity of planning the management of school culture building
at the Academy has achieved the average level of "normal" (GPA = 2.46; SD = 0.94; normal level ).

Considering 7 contents in planning the management of school culture building at the Academy, the
content is underestimated compared to other contents in the above evaluation table as "Analyzing and
assessing the current situation of school culture building activities at the Academy”(GPA = 2.38; SD =
0.98; normal level, 3/7); this result shows that the quality of the school culture building planning has
not met the requirements because the stage of analyzing the situation of school culture building has not
been properly concerned. In theory, this is very important, if this period is not properly concerned, it
will greatly affect the science and feasibility of the school culture building plan.
3.5.2. Current situation of organization and implementation of building school culture at
National Academy of Public Administration
Table 3.6: Evaluation of officials and lecturers on organization and implementation of school
culture building
Rate %
Poor Relatively Average

Good

poor

Identifying units, departments and
individuals in the Academy to
participate in
building school
culture

33,7

20,6

Very

GPA

SD

2,160

0,945

good

41,7

4,0

0


15
Assigning specific tasks of units,
departments and individuals in the
Academy to participate in building
school culture
Organizing
training
and
professional training for building
school culture for
units and
individual departments in the
Academy

Establishing
a
coordination
mechanism
between
the
departments involved in managing
school culture building at the
Academy

33,7

10,9

29,7

25,7

0

2,474

1,202

12,0

42,3

31,4

14,3

0

2,480

0,883

33,7

10,9

29,7

25,7

0

2,474

1,202

2,397

1,023

Average

The survey results show that most of the researched objects believe that the organization and
management of school culture building at the Academy are at the average level of "average" (GPA = 2, 39;

SD = 1.02; average level. This result shows that the work of organizing and implementing the management
of building school culture at the Academy only stops at the level of temporary acceptance. In which, the
lowest rated management activity in the above evaluation table is "Determining the units, departments and
individuals in the Academy to participate in building school culture" (GPA = 2.16; SD = 0.94, the level is
quite low). As such, although the Management Board has organized and implemented programs and plans
throughout the Academy, in fact, the implementation of the implementation of school culture building at
the units, the department is not really effective and specific.
3.5.3. The current situation of directing the building of school culture at the National Academy
of Public Administration
Table 3.7: Evaluation of officials and lecturers on the direction of building school culture at
academies
Rate (%)

Poor Relatively AverageGood Very GPA

Activities

SD

of

33,7

poor
9,7

Making decisions on activities of building material
and
spiritual culture at the Academy
Encouraging officials and lecturers to participate in building

material and spiritual culture at the Academy
Organizing appropriate forms of activities to build material
and spiritual culture at the Academy
Organizing the implementation of contents
of building
material and spiritual culture at the Academy
Encouraging the members to implement the content
of
building material and spiritual culture at the Academy
Adjusting the plan of building material and spiritual culture
at the Academy
Summarizing the implementation of the plan for building
material and spiritual culture at the Academy
Average

26,8

21,7

47,1

4,5

0

2,293 0,914

24,0

19,4

30,9

25,7

0

2,582 1,115

33,7

9,7

42,3

14,3

0

2,371 1,095

12,0

31,4

42,3

14,3

0

2,588 0,878

12,0

31,4

30,9

25,7

0

2,702 0,984

12,0

31,4

32,6

24,0

0

2,685 0,969

12,0

31,4

21,1

35,4

0

2,800 1,055

Determining the orientation, objectives and activities

30,9

25,7

good
0

2,485 1,202

building material and spiritual culture at the Academy

2,585 1,005

The results show that the direction of building school culture achieved average score at the "good"
level (GPA = 2.58; SD = 1.00; normal level). This result shows that the Academy's leadership has directed
the building of school culture at academies. Considering 7 contents on the direction of building school
culture at the Academy in the above table, the content is more appreciated by officials and lecturers than

16
the remaining contents is "Summarizing the implementation of the plan for building material and spiritual
culture at the Academy "(GPA = 2.80; SD = 1.05; normal level, 1/7), while the content “Making decisions
on activities of building material and spiritual culture at the Academy ”(GPA = 2.29; SD = 0.91; normal
level). This result reflects the fact that the management of school building culture at the Academy also
reveals certain shortcomings and difficulties, especially the decision-making stage. Survey results and
cognitiveinterviews also give similar comments. In fact, the Academy in the past 10 years with big changes
in the agency and organizational structure (from 2007 to 2017) and the continuous change of personnel in
the position of the head of the Academy or the head of the position holds the same position ... has led to the
direction of implementing the school culture building at the Academy met many difficulties.
3.5.4. Current situation of testing and evaluating the construction and implementation of school
culture at the National Academy of Public Administration
Table 3.8: Evaluation of officials and lecturers on the inspection and evaluation of the building and implementation of school
culture

Currency: %
Poor
Determining criteria for evaluating
the physical and spiritual cultural
building of the Academy
Examining the implementation of
building contents to
build the
material and spiritual culture of
the Academy
Examining
the
coordination
between sub-academies, faculties,
departments and units in building

the material and spiritual culture
of the Academy
Detecting errors and promptly
adjusting the material and spiritual
culture building plans of the
Academy
Handling the results of errors in
the building and implementation
of the cultural and spiritual culture
of the Academy
Using the test results to evaluate
the building and implementation
of school culture in the annual
emulation evaluation of officials,
lecturers and staff

Rate %
Relatively Average
poor

Good

Very
good

GPA

SD

12,0

32,6

31,4

24,0

0

2,673

0,972

12,0

42,3

21,7

24,0

0

2,577

,984

12,0

32,6

41,1

14,3

0

2,577

0,879

12,0

42,3

31,4

14,3

0

2,480

0,883

21,7

32,6

31,4

14,3

0

2,382

0,980

21,7

32,6

31,4

14,3

0

2,382

0,980

2,512

0,919

Average

Overall assessment of the inspection and evaluation of school culture building at the Academy, most

of the officials and lecturers believe that this work achieved the average score at the "good" level (GPA = 2,
51; SD = 0, 91; normal level). Considering 6 contents in the table, the content is more appreciated by
officials and lecturers as "Determining criteria for evaluating the physical and spiritual cultural building of
the Academy" (GPA = 2, 67; SD = 0, 67; normal level). The underestimated criterion in the 6 contents of
the above evaluation table is "Using the test results to evaluate the building and implementation of school
culture in the annual emulation evaluation of officials, lecturers and staff” (GPA = 2, 38; SD = 0, 98;
normal level). This is what the dissertation needs to make recommendations for the National Academy of
Public Administration because if the criteria for implementing the school


17
culture in the evaluation of emulation will be a breakthrough in managing school culture building at
National Academy of Public Administration.
3.6. Current situation of factors affecting the management of cultural building of National
Academy of Public Administration:
Summary of survey data and cognitive interviews show that all the studied factors had an impact on the
management of school culture building at the National Academy of Public Administration; in objective
factors, institutional, policy mechanisms and facilities factors are the most powerful and profound
influences; in the subjective factors, the factor of management leadership is the most important factor,
because they are the ones who have the role of shaping the school culture development of the National
Academy of Public Administration.
Chapter 4
SOLUTIONS OF COMPLETING THE MANAGEMENT OF BUILDING SCHOOL CUTURE
IN NATIONAL ACADEMY OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
4.1. Guidelines and principles of building school cuture at the National Academy of Public
Administration
4.1.1. Guidelines of building school cuture at the National Academy of Public Administration
4.1.1.1. Building school cuture at the National Academy of Public Administration comes from the
Party’s views and the State's policies on culture and education, training.
a. The Party’s views on cutural building and development

b. The State's policies on innovating education and position of National Academy of Public
Administration
4.1.1.2. The management of building school cuture at the National Academy of Public Administration
meets the requirements of education development and cutural development
4.1.1.3. The management of building school cuture at the National Academy of Public Administration
is suitable for building an advanced Vietnamese culture imbued with national identity
4.1.2. Principles for proposing solutions
Including 3 principles: ensuring purpose; ensuring scientific; ensuring practicality - feasible.
4.2. Solutions of completing the management of building school cuture at the National Academy
of Public Administration
Solution 1: Continuing to improve the process, working procedures, rules and regulations of
National Academy of Public Administration
1.1. The purpose of the solution
Completing the process, working procedures and internal rules and regulations of the Academy
are the core solutions to building the school culture in the National Administration Academy, creating
the effectiveness of the Academy.
1.2. The content of the solution
The Academy needs to revise unreasonable, inappropriate processes, procedures, rules,
regulations; renovate and supplement inappropriate processes, procedures, rules, regulations to
facilitate the management, teaching and learning activities of the Academy.
1.3. Progress and condition of implementing the solution
The President of the Academy, coordinating with President Board and the Party Committee of
the Academy has a meeting to agree on guidelines and ways to revise unreasonable, inappropriate
processes, procedures, rules, regulations; renovate and supplement inappropriate processes, procedures,
rules, regulations to facilitate the management, teaching and learning activities of the Academy.
Solution 2: Improving planning efficiency on building the school culture in the National
Administration Academy
2.1. The purpose of the solution: Revising and planning to ensure scientific and feasible to improve the
effectiveness of this work on building school culture in the Academy.
2.2. The content of the solution: Planning on building school culture in the Academy is shown through

planning on building of material and spiritual values of the Academy.


18
- Planning on building of material values of the Academy is shown through removing or
correcting of material values that is not consistent with the current Academy's culture; Implementing
and developing material values that is consistent with the Academy's culture in the new context.
- Planning on building of spiritual values of the Academy is shown through removing or
correcting of spiritual values that is not consistent with the current Academy's culture; Implementing
and developing spiritual values that is consistent with the Academy's culture in the new context.
2.3. Progress and condition of implementing the solution: The President of the Academy directs
institutes, faculties, departments, divisions and parts in the Academy:
- Review material values of the Academy to see which factors are not longer consistent to be
removed or corrected to fit the current school culture’srequirements.
- Review spiritual values, including the core values of the Academy, work ethic, behavior of
members of the Academy to see which aspects and expressions are not longer consistent to be removed
or corrected; identify to build new spiritual values that fit the current school culture’srequirements.
Solution 3: Building criterias of school cuture at the National Academy of Public Administration
3.1. The purpose of the solution: Building some basic criterias of material and spiritual values of
school culture as a basis for building school culture in the Academy.
3.2. The content of the solution:
Building criterias of material and spiritual values at the National Academy of Public
Administration that includes material values (10 criterias) and spiritual values (8 criterias), with a total
of 18 indicators to determine criterias of the school culture building of the Academy.
3.3. Progress and implementing of the solution: The leaders of the Academy have to rely on common
standards to deploy specific activities. These are activities of propagating the standards of building
school cuture, disseminating these cultural standards to departments and faculties so that officials,
lecturers, students know and implement. It is also possible to propagate through slogans, posters or
through the contents of the subjects, training sessions, fostering office culture, behavior rules of the
members in the Academy.

The deployment must be followed a strict, serious and highly effective sequence. The
implementation must be associated with regular inspection, evaluation, review and experience.
Solution 4: Organizing regularly to create connections, active interaction between officials,
lecturers, students in the Academy
4.1. The purpose of the solution: to increase understanding and sympathy among members of the
Academy.
4.2. The content of the solution: The leaders of the Academy direct the enhancement of creating
connections, active interaction between officials, lecturers, students, thereby improving the learning
and research effectiveness of students, improving the working efficiency of lecturers, officers in the
Academy.
4.3. Progress and condition of implementing the solution:
The leaders of the Academy cooperate with departments and the Party Committee of the
Academy to thoroughly grasp the task of building teamwork spirit in the Academy; Organize more
common activities for officials, lecturers, civil servants, employees in the Academy to know each other
better, sympathize and share with each other such as: exchange activities, extracurricular learning, arts
and sports activities to enhance the understanding between teachers and students. Since then, it creates
a spirit of mutual support between officials, lecturers and students.
Solution 5: Reducing training theory, enhancing practice, training skills for students to meet actual
requirements
5.1. The purpose of the solution
The activities of training and retraining in the Academy aim at forming basic skills, forming
attitudes and behaviors of students in accordance with new requirements of careers.
5.2. The content of the solution:
To strengthen practical lessons; To organize extracurricular activities, practical visits.


19
5.3. Progress and condition of implementing the solution: The leaders of the Academy organize the
implementation of the policy to strengthen practical lessons for students at faculties and check
regularly and urge the leaders of faculties to implement seriously.

Solution 6: Strengthening facilities, applying information technology to serve training and
retraining activities under the modern method of the Academy.
6.1. The purpose of the solution: To improve the quality of teaching and learning, researching of
officials, lecturers and students.
6.2. The content of the solution:
- Firstly, investing to renovating and upgrading of working offices, lecture halls, dormitories, midday rooms, lecturers' offices, cultural, entertaiment and sports areas of officials, lecturers and students.
- Secondly, buying new facilities and equipment for training and retraining at the period of
industrial revolution 4.0 such as high-speed computers, projectors, teaching aids, stationery, etc.
equipment of online training room to train and retrain online, etc.
- Thirdly, liquidating poor quality teaching tools and equipment that is no longer guaranteed for
training activities in the Academy.
6.3. Progress and condition of implementing the solution:
The leaders of the Academy base on the allocated funds to direct the relevant functional
departments that develop plans and supplement facilities, material and equipment for training and
retraining activities in the Academy; Besides, directing offices and faculties to closely monitor the use
of teaching equipment and utensils to serve the training effectively and economically, building a sense
of preserving and protecting equipment and facilities.
4.3. Test for necessity and feasibility of solutions
4.3.1. Aim of the test: The dissertation has proposed 6 solutions on management of building school
culture at the National Academy of Public Administration based on the results of theoretical and
practical research. In order to assess the quality and practicality of the proposed solutions, we
conducted a test on the necessity and feasibility of these solutions. On the other hand, from the result of
this test, we will consider the most feasible solutions to put into practice
4.3.2. Contents and method of the test
- Test content: Testing the necessity and feasibility of 6 solutions on management of building school
culture at the National Academy of Public Administration through evaluation of cadres and lecturers.
- Test methods
1) Survey questionaires
- Aim: Asking for opinions on the current situation of the necessary and feasible level of solutions on
management of building school culture at the Academy through evaluation of managers and lecturers.

- Content: Designing a questionnaire, including questions on exploring the evaluation of officials and
lecturers on the necessary and feasible level of 6 solutions on management of building school culture at
the Academy through evaluation of cadres and lecturers.
- Survey tools: Survey forms for cadres and lecturers. (Appendix 4).
- Scale of evaluation: Designing scales to assess the necessity and feasibility of proposed
solutions according to 5 levels, as follows: There are 5 options for each clause for choosing from
"pretty unnecessary; pretty infeasible" to "pretty necessary and pretty feasible". For each clause, the
customer is only allowed to choose one of those five options. The highest average score is 5 and the
lowest is 1. The higher the average score, the higher the level of necessity and feasibility.
2) Cognitive interviewing
- Aim: Collecting, supplementing and clarifying the information obtained from a large-scale
survey to better understand the current situation of the necessity and feasibility of the solutions on
management of building school culture at the National Academy of Public Administration proposed by
the dissertation.
- Content: Including personal information, clarifying the actual situation of the necessity and
feasibility of the management of building school culture at the National Academy of Public
Administration.
- Research tools: Outline of cognitive interviewing (Appendix 5).
- Evaluation method: Collected information will be processed by Qualitative Methods.


20
4.3.3. Pilot Test
For exploring the status of the necessity and feasibility of the 6 proposed solutions, we
conducted research on 80 managers and lecturers.
4.3.4. Test result
4.3.4.1. Test result of the necessity of the solutions on management of building school culture at the
National Academy of Public Administration (Table 4.1 – Appendix 28)
The analysis of the data summarized in the above table shows that all of 6 solutions are
considered necessary and very necessary (the percentage of respondents rated the necessary and very

necessary level is at least 70.0%). The result of this study confirms that 6 solutions proposed by the
dissertation is necessary to well manage the management of building school culture at the National
Academy of Public Administration.
4.3.4.2. Test result of the feasibility of the solutions on management of building school culture at the
National Academy of Public Administration (Table 4.2 – Appendix 28)
Among these 6 proposed solutions, "Building school culture criteria at National Academy of
Public Administration" got 94.0% of respondents who rated this solution feasible and it is only this
solution that none of the respondents think that it is infeasible.
4.4. Experimenting a solution on management of building school culture at the National
Academy of Public Administration
We chose the “Improving the efficiency of planning to build school culture at the National Academy
of Public Administration” among 6 solutions proposed by the dissertation to experiment because this is the
initial activity for the process of management of building school culture at the Academy.
4.4.1. Aim of the experiment
The aim of experiment is to verify the feasibility of the solution “Improving the efficiency of
planning to build school culture at the National Academy of Public Administration”.
4.4.2. Hypodissertation of the experiment
The effectiveness of planning to build school culture at the National Academy of Public
Administration can be increased when integrating and covering all necessary contents of building
school culture to put into the plan.
4.4.3. Experiment Location and Pilot
4.4.3.1. Location for experiment
The area selected for experimenting the solution is the Faculty of Administrative Technology
and Document - National Academy of Public Administration in Hanoi.
4.4.3.2. Pilot Experiment
The dissertation is experimented on leaders, managers, lecturers and cadres of the Faculty of
Administrative Technology and Document.
Details on experimental subjects: The experiment was conducted on 37 cadres and lecturers of
the Faculty of Administrative Technology and Document. Of which 90% are female, 10% are male
cadres and lecturers; 7 Doctors (accounting for 21% of lecturers), and 23 Masters (accounting for

79%); Of which: 02 leaders of Faculty (0.6%); 06 Department leaders (1.8%).
4.4.4. Time for experiment
- The experiment is conducted: from the October of 2017 to the May of 2018.
- Evaluation of experiment results: From the April to the May of 2018.
4.4.5. Evaluation scale
Evaluating the change in level of planning to build school culture at the National Academy of
Public Administration, especially that level of aspects which are assessed through 06 indicators
(recorded in the experimental table).
Evaluating the change of plan: "Improving the efficiency of planning to build school culture at
the National Academy of Public Administration" at the Faculty of Administrative Technology and
Document in the experimental method through 5 levels of expression: not good, fair, good, very good
and excellent as the level of 1 to 5.
4.4.6. Testing stages
4.4.6.1. Preparation
4.4.6.2. Experiment
4.4.6.3. Post-experiment measure


21
4.4.7. Experiment results
4.5.7.1. Pre-experiment results
The results of measuring the status of “Improving the efficiency of planning to build school
culture at the National Academy of Public Administration” at the Faculty of Administrative Technology
and Document are shown as below:
Unit: Score
3

2.59

2.5

2.54

2.51

2.27

2.41
2.19

2
1.5
1

0.88

0.89

0.84

0.91

0.87

0.83

0.5
0
Analysing and
evaluating the

status of
building the
school culture in
Faculty of
Administrative
Technology and
Document

Determining the Determining
Determining
Determining
Determining
aim of building
necessary
specific
specific sources methods to build
the school
contents of
activities to
to build the
the school
culture at the
building the build the school school culture at culture at the
Faculty of school culture at culture at the the Faculty of
Faculty of
Administrative the Faculty of
Faculty of
Administrative Administrative
Technology and Administrative Administrative Technology and Technology and
Document

Technology and Technology and Document
Document
Document
Document

Average
score

Table 4.1: The level of conducting the plan: “Improving the efficiency of planning to build
school culture at the National Academy of Public Administration” at the Faculty of
Administrative Technology and Document (Pre-experiment)
(Source: The author’s survey)
Comment: The table 4.1 shown that the differences among 5 criterias of Pre-experimenting of
solution “Improving the efficiency of planning to build school culture at the National Academy of
Public Administration” at the Faculty of Administrative Technology and Document are quite clear. The
average score of each criterias here is from 2.19 to 2.59 (Appendix 33,34)
4.4.7.2. Post-experiment results
Unit: Score
4.5

4.11

4.05

4.14

4.14

4.11

4
3.5

3.89

3
2.5
2
1.5
1

0.9

0.6

0.74

Analysing and
evaluating the
status of building
the school
culture in
Faculty of
Administrative
Technology and
Document

Determining the
aim of building
the school

culture at the
Faculty of
Administrative
Technology and
Document

Determining
necessary
contents of
building the
school culture at
the Faculty of
Administrative
Technology and
Document

0.87

0.72

0.88

0.5
0
Determining
Determining
Determining
specific activities specific sources methods to build
to build the
to build the

the school
school culture at school culture at culture at the
the Faculty of
the Faculty of
Faculty of
Administrative Administrative Administrative
Technology and Technology and Technology and
Document
Document
Document

Average

score

Table 4.2: The level of conducting the plan: “Improving the efficiency of planning to build school culture
at the National Academy of Public Administration” at the Faculty of Administrative Technology and
Document (Post-experiment)


22
Comment: The table 4.2 shown that the differences among 5 criterias of Post-experimenting of
solution Improving the efficiency of planning to build school culture at the National Academy of
Public Administration” at the Faculty of Administrative Technology and Document are quite clear. The
most obvious difference appears in “Determining specific activities to build the school culture at the
Faculty of Administrative Technology and Document” which average score is 4.14. Of which the good
one is 13.5% and the fair one is 86.5% (Appendix 33,34)
4.5.7.4. Experiment conclusion
The "Improving the efficiency of planning to build school culture at the National Academy of
Public Administration” at the Faculty of Administrative Technology and Document shows that the

planning have changed significantly before and after applicating the method. Overall, all the contents
of the planning shows that 6/6 criterias accounted for 100% of the contents of planning Pre-experiment
are not in fair and good level; After experimenting 100% of that contents is rated as fair and good, the
most obvious change is the content: "Determining specific activities to build the school culture at the
Faculty of Administrative Technology and Document" with average score of 4.14, accounting for
13.5% good and 86.5,% fair; Content: "Determining necessary contents of building the school culture
at the Faculty of Administrative Technology and Document" with the average score is 14.4%, 16.2% is
good and 81.1% is fair...
In concluding, experiment has achieved positive results. The post-experimental indexes are
higher than those of pre-experiment. This demonstrates that the proposed solution is appropriate and
meeting the purposes and requirements of management of building school culture at the National
Academy of Public Administration.
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
1. Conclusion
1.1. With its functions, culture plays a great educational role for all members of the school.
Therefore, it is an urgent issue on management of building the school culture in Academies, including
the National Academy of Public Administration in Vietnam. Especially, the Government of Vietnam is
strongly directing the administrative reforms to meet the increasing demands of public administrative
services for organizations and citizens. Managing of building school culture at the National Academy
of Public Administration is a practical step to improve the quality of Vietnamese cadres in the context
of administrative reform and international integration.
1.2. By approaching the organizational culture and functions of management to study the
management of building the school culture in the Academy, the author has achieved the initial goal
which is: building a theoretical basis on culture in higher institution including material and spiritual
cultural values. Thank to that the author could decide a set of tools for surveying and analyzing the
actual state of the school culture and management of building school culture in National Academy of
Public Administration. Survey datas show that the current cultural and spiritual values of the National
Academy of Public Administration are at a fair level, match with the current conditions of the
Academy. However, in this trend of education and training innovation and public administrative
reforms in the context of international integration, those school cultural values still have shortcomings

that need to be reformed.
The dissertation has also identified and assessed the affecting level of factors to the management
of building school culture to survey and assess the impact of these factors on management of building
school culture at the National Academy of Public Administration, including the important role of
institutions, mechanisms, policies, facilities and people who are the Academy Leaders.
On that base, the dissertation has proposed 06 solutions on management of building the school
culture at the National Academy of Public Administration, including: Continuing to improve the
process, rules and regulations of National Academy of Public Administration; Improving the efficiency
of planning to build school culture at the Academy; Developing criterias for school culture at the
National Academy of Public Administration; Regularly organizing the connections and positive
interaction between cadres, lecturers and students in the Academy; Directing for reduction of